The prophet said that it anybody burdened any of the people or the book more than they could endure he would ben his opponent until the day of judgment.

-under the rightly guided caliphs the Christians had much freedom .this is shown by a letter attributed to ishu-yab III. The Nestorian catholics.

-The third caliph,Uthman favoured the Christians either because of the spcial skills or abilities which they possessed or through the imfluence of his Christian wife Na'ila.

-Under the early Umayyade,the christiansins the Isalamic umma had as much freedom as they had previously enjoyed under the best of their Christians governments because they restorted their churches and appointed many Christians to the

لكل شخص مكانة ي المجتمع وقد در شخص مكانته بإرتكابه أفعالا يكشف ا عن . قة والأمانة به ّ سلوك متدن ي الخلق يفقدﻩ إحﺮامه ويضعف الث ، رف ّ نائي ا وصف الإخلال بالش ّ ع الج ّ لذلك ألحق المشر ، جرائما ّ ا كانت هذﻩ الأفعال تعد ّولم رائم ي قانون العقوبات عى سبيل المثال ّ وقد ذكرت هذﻩ الج ا يتطلب دراسة ّ وليس الحصر. مم ، بة عى ذلك ّ تائج المﺮت ّ والن، رائم أل توصف به ّ ة تحديد الج ّ هذا الوصف من حيث إمكاني وقد يرتكا الشخص ،

Background: This research focuses on the characterization studies of 5v-Nucleotidase (5'-NT) of kalaazar patients' sera. 5V NT is one of the enzymes used as indicator of liver function test . In this study the optimum conditions for the activity of 5s - NT enzyme has been demonstrated for kalaazaric patients.
Materials and methods: Thirty five blood samples were obtained from Baghdad Hospitals from untreated infants and children with kala-azar. 5'-NT activity was measured by following the
method of Wood and Williams.
Results: Optimum conditions of serum 5' - NT activity of kala- azaric patients obtained were 50 u L , 30 minutes ,0.8 mM,7.7 and 50'C) as (Volume of serum , incubation time , substrate
co

The objective of this study was investigate the Physiological effect of
different concentrations of cadmium chloride in drinking water on some
biochemical and haematological parameters of male rats. Animals in this
experiment were randomly divided into four equal groups and treated for 15
weeks as follows : Rats in control group were offered ordinary tap water ,
while animal in M1 , M2 , and M3 were received 10 , 20 , 30 ppm Cdcl2 in
drinking water, respectively. The activity of Alanine aminotransferase
(ALP), Aspartate aminotrasferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in
serum were measured. Further mor, hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and
white blood cells count (WBCs) were detected. The result revealed that

This study explored the relationship between self-confidence and the achievement of running the 100-meter freestyle among fourth-year female students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Baghdad, using the descriptive approach. A purposive sample of 20 female students was selected, and data was collected using the self-confidence scale (Allawi, 1998) and the 100-meter freestyle running test. The results showed a strong significant correlation between self-confidence and the 100-meter freestyle running test (r = 0.892, Sig = 0.000). This result supports the hypothesis that self-confidence plays a crucial role in achieving athletic achievement. I concluded that the study supports the importance of s

This research Find semantic relations between the Holy Quran and readings anomalous in particular, does not mention the readings anomalies are all but signed the examples of them where he found a marked contrast between them and what is known in the Holy Quran, and the intervention of research in the words of the commentators and between their views and stated what is unacceptable and what before, nor Luck meaning significantly different in some readings, leading to different Islamic ruling as well, also found that of the readings made clear what is meant by the blessed verse in the Holy Quran and signed to be even if it was abnormal.

يدخل المصطلح في كلِّ مستويات اللغة العربية؛ فلا يمكن دراسة ظواهرها ومظاهرها الدلالية وأصولها بمنعزلٍ عن دراسة المصطلح. وقد أسهم في تنمية اللغة العربية وإثرائها. انتبه مجمع اللغة العربية بالقاهرة إلى دراسة المصطلح منذ بداية ثلاثينيات القرن الماضي؛ بل يعدُّ المصطلح أحد أسباب نشأة المجمع. يساعد على عملية التواصل الاجتماعي بين الباث والمتلقي، إذ اعتنى المجمع بدراسة المصطلح عن طريق وضع آليات خاصة للرصد، والقي

ارتأينا في هذه الدراسة بيان العلاقة بين الفاعلية التواصلية التي أسس لها هيبرماس والخطاب الديني، فضلاً عن تبيين العمل الأساسي للغة ولا سيما أنّ وظيفتها الأساس عند القدماء والمحدثين وظيفية تعبيرية تواصلية، قادرة على التعبير عن الأغراض المختلفة. وبذلك تعدّ اللغة أداة مهمة من أدوات الخطاب الديني بكل مستوياته التعبيرية وأغراضه. الخطاب الديني، إذ كان يبني سياقه الخاص ويرسم موقع وجوده المفرد في فضاء مرجعيات وسن

This study was conducted to determine the nature of the mineral structure and properties of carbonate minerals of the sediments of the Main downstream and their effect on the chemical behavior of nickel and cobalt in five areas of Baghdad Governorate: Abu Ghraib, Al-Radwaniyah, Al-Yusufiyah, Al-Mahmoudiyah, and Al-Latifiyah. The results showed a difference, to the clay minerals of the water stream sediments. The presence of clay minerals such as mica, smectite, true chlorite, and swollen chlorite was observed in varying proportions, and the latter appeared more at the end of the study area. While a decrease in the percentage of kaolinite minerals was observed, a difference was observed in the quantity and properties of carbonate

This study was aimed to investigate effect of phosphorus, silicon, and citric acid on anatomical traits of pepper, This research was conducted at research stations, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Jadiriyah Campus, during 2021-2022 season. The study employed factorial experiment within randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The first factor included three levels of phosphorus (p) ( 0, 160, and 320 kg Ha^-1 P₂O₅), the second factor included three levels of potassium silicate (s) ( 0, 75, and 100 kg Ha^-1), while the third factor included four levels of citric acid (c ) ( 0, 2, 4, and 6 kg Ha^-1). The results revealed th

الأهداف: يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرّف على الأساليب الاتصالية التي يستخدمها مروّجو المخدرات في مدينة بغداد، وفهم الأسباب والعوامل التي تؤدي إلى تعاطي المخدرات بين فئة الشباب، وتحليل اللغة والطرائق الإقناعية المستخدمة في استمالة الشباب نحو التعاطي، وبيان الآثار النفسية، والاجتماعية، والاقتصادية الناجمة عن هذه الأساليب.
المنهجية: اتّبع البحث المنهج الكيفي الاستكشافي، واعتمد الباحث الم

When talking about Andalusia in the period of time after the handover of the city of Granada

What distinguishes human rights issues is their importance to the international community and their importance to democratic political regimes, because they are the axis of any political regime that seeks to achieve a successful democratic path and a stable state. So, countries that are interested in human rights try to enshrine those rights and freedoms in their constitutions and reinforce their concepts in their laws and legislations. Not to mention its involvement in international conventions and treaties concerned with human rights and freedoms, and this is what the Sultanate of Oman has worked on and confirm in the provisions of its 1996 constitution and its amendments

يطالب الاتحاد الدولي لكرة القدم من الاتحادات الوطنية في شهر ايلول من كل سنة ارسال قائمة بالحكام الدوليين لاعتمادهم للسنة القادمة وهنا تبدأ المشاكل لاختيار الحكام ربما تكون حسب الامزجة والعلاقات ولاحظ الباحث هنالك عدم دقة في اختيار الحكام لذا ارتأى دراسة وتحديد الضوابط الخاصة وفق اسس علمية اكاديمية للترشيح للقائمة الدولية لحكام كرة القدم وقد تم تصميم استمارة خاصة بهم وتحديد الانسب حسب رأى الخبراء والباحث

       Iraq is one of the most important countries in the world that has received its share of terrorist acts by the terrorist organization the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS), which has caused instability, especially during the period of ISIS's control of seven Iraqi provinces (2014-2017). This stage has caused a decline in the levels of human and economic development and its inconsistency with the capabilities and needs of the Iraqi population. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the hypothesis that there is a close relationship between the decline in development in Iraq and the brutal practices of ISIS that it committed during his period of control over many Iraqi cities and regions. This study used several method

The study seeks to examine the level of personal efficacy and its relation to mental alertness among university students. Besides, the statistically significant differences in regard of students' gender, and the correlation between male and female. To do this, the researcher adopted two scales: one to measure the personal efficacy which was made up by (abed al-jabaar, 2010) included (26) items, and the other to measure the mental alertness that designed by (abed Allah, 2012) included (36) items. A total of (120) student were selected randomly from three-different colleges at the Al-Mustansiriyah University for the academic year 2016-2017. The findings revealed there are no significant differences among students in regard of the personal

B aa cc kk gg r oo uu nn dd : Very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates constitute approximately 4–7 percent of all live births and their mortality is very high. O bb j ee cc t i vv ee: to find out if there is a relationship between Very Low Birth Weight Neonates and increased neonatal mortality for age 0 to 7 days. M ee t hh oo dd ss A retrospective study of VLBW neonates admitted to NICU at Ibn Al- Baladi Pediatrics and Maternity hospital over one year (2012)were studied, study period was from April till August 2013. Exclusion criteria were: (1) neonates weighing less than 700 g and with gestational age less than 24 weeks (abortion) (2) death in the delivery room (3) neonates weighing more than 1500 g. (4) Postnatal age more than 7 days.

The study aimed to build a suggested conception for employing gamification in teaching the general education curricula. Using the analytical method of the previous analytical studies in Teaching, which agreed with the determinants of the analysis of 20 studies from 2014 to 2019, they come on order: points, badges, leaderboards, and then levels. The four most commonly used theories are the theory of self-determination, flow theory, the theory of planned behavior and social theory. In addition, the researcher identified the most commonly used models in gamification, respectively: the ARCS model and the user-based design model. Based on the results of the analysis and using the descriptive approach, the researcher presented a practical perc

.تهدف الدراسة الى آيجاد الدرجات المعيارية وحدودهما و تحديد المستويات المعيارية وحدودهما ، وأستخراج النسب المئوية المتحققة للمستويات المعيارية لطلاب المرحلة الأولى والمرحلة الرابعة ، ومقارنة تلك النسب المتحققة لكل مستوى من المستويات ال(9) التي حددتها الباحثة بين طلاب المرحلة الأولى وطلاب المرحلة الرابعة في أختبار القدرة الأوكسجينية ( آختبار هارفارد المعدل المقنن) ، عينة البحث هذه الدراسة تم آختيارها عشوا

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن معوقات دمج ذوي الإعاقة الحركية في حصص التربية الرياضية من وجهة نظر معلمي التربية الرياضية في محافظات الشمال "اربد، عجلون، جرش"، وذلك من خلال استطلاع وجهة نظر عينة من معلمي التربية الرياضية في المدارس التابعة لمديريات التربية في تلك المدارس بلغت (153) معلما ومعلمة. ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم بناء الاستبانة حيث تكون في صورتها النهائية من (22) فقرة موزعة على ثلاثة مجالات هي: (المعوقات التن

يهدف البحث إلى معرفة دور العلاقات العامة في بناء الصورة الذهنية للمؤسسات المعنية بشؤون الأطفال، ومعرفة مؤشرات الصورة الذهنية التي يحملها الجمهور إزاء المؤسسات المعنية بشؤون الأطفال، وقد تم الاستناد إلى المنهج المسحي عن طريق إعداد استمارة المقياس وتوزيعها على عينة من جمهور مؤسسة دار ثقافة الأطفال، والتي شملت (400) مبحوثاً لمعرفة دور العلاقات العامة في مؤسسة دار ثقافة الأطفال والصورة السائدة عنها لدى جمهوره

An experiment was conducted to evaluate fertility, hatchability, egg weight and egg production traits from three different lines of local quails. A total number of 945 eggs (334, 321 and 290 for desert, brown and white, respectively), from 20 weeks of age were used in the study. White quail significantly (P≤0.05) produce higher egg weight (12.79 ± 0.08 g), chicks' weight (8.89± 0.02 g), percentage of mortality (2.34 ± 0.70 %) and Hen-day egg production (79.33 ± 0.98 %) comparing with other local quails. While local brown quail have significantly (P≤0.05) higher percentages of fertility and hatchability which averaged 79.11 and 86.80%, respectively. The higher total number of egg and low m

المستخلص:

تُمثِّل الإدارة البيئية المتكاملة السبيل الأمثل لتحقيق مبدأ الاستدامة البيئية، ويُعدُّ هور الحمار الغربي من المواقع ذات موارد وامكانات طبيعية، وذات قيمة عالمية استثنائية كونه ضمن مواقع اتفاقية رامسار للأراضي الرطبة وايضا ضمن لائحة التراث العالمي. ويقدِّم مثالًا واضحًا  لمستقرة بشرية محتفظة بتقاليدها وتراثها وهي بذلك تعكس التفاعل بين الإنسان وبيئته ومشكلة البحث هي المشكلة الحا

فكرة البحث إظهار اعتقاد الإمام الكرجي القصاب في باب الصفات، وتكمن أهمية البحث في أن القصاب إمام مجتهد في مرحلة زمنية متقدمة وهي: القرن الرابع الهجري، وقد تميز بعلو كعبه ودقة استنباطاته في مجال الرد على المنحرفين عقديًّا، بالإضافة إلى أهمية باب الصفات الذي كثر فيه الخلاف. ومشكلة البحث: أنه على الرغم من إمامة القصاب وتميز تفسيره (نكت القرآن) الذي ملأه بالرد على المنحرفين عقديًّا، فإنه لم يُبحث في تفسيره لإظهار

Background: Colorectal is a worldwide health problem. Tumors stimulate the ground of host blood vessels, a process called angiogenesis, which is essential for supplying nutrients of the tumor, also stimulate the lymphatic vessels for metasatasis.

The aim of the research is to prepare practical volleyball lessons by using the four pillars strategy for middle school students, and to identify the effect of the four pillars strategy in performing the transmission and volleyball skills in the second intermediate students, to assume that the two researchers assume that there are no statistically significant differences between the results of my skill performance tests Sending and preparing tribal and remote volleyball for the experimental and controlled groups, and there are no statistically significant differences between the results of the performance of the transmission and preparation skills of the volleyball between the two experimental and control groups, and the research communi

   Thsst researcher problem of delays faced by researchers are all waiting to evaluate their standards by the experts who must take their views to extract the truth Virtual important step first step in building standards whatsoever, then the difference of opinion among experts about the paragraphs Whatever the scope of their functions, leading to confusion in maintaining these paragraphs or delete? Or ignore the views and opinion of the researcher to maintain the same? Or as agreed upon with the supervisor if he was a student? Especially if the concepts of a modern new building.
   Therefore, the researcher sought to try to find a solution to her problem to conduct an experiment to test building steps

The purpose of this resesrh know (the effectiveness of cooperative lerarning implementation of floral material for calligraphy and ornamentation) To achieve the aim of the research scholar put the two zeros hypotheses: in light of the findings of the present research the researcher concluded a number of conclusions, including: -
1 - Sum strategy helps the learner to be positive in all the information and regulations, monitoring and evaluation during the learning process.
2 - This strategy helps the learner to use information and knowledge and their use in various educational positions, and to achieve better education to increase its ability to develop thinking skills and positive trends towards the article.
In light of this, the

ان هدف البحث هو وضع تمرينات تأهيلية ومعرفة تأثيرها على التوازن والتركيز على تنبيه واستثارة أجهزة الحس العميق حيث ان هدف إعادة تأهيل الرباط الصليبي الأمامي للاعبي كرة القدم هو عودة اللاعب الى وضعة الطبيعي قبل الإصابة.

 استخدم الباحثان تمارينات المدى الحركي في الاسبوع الاول والتوازن في الاسبوع الثالث بعد العملية الجراحية والانتقال من السهل الي الصعب في جميع مراحل اعادة تأهيل الرباط الصليبي الامامي ك