يتضمن القانون الدولي الإنساني بعض الاتفاقيات الدولية التي تهدف إلى تنظيم الأعمال العدائية، واستخدام أدوات ووسائل القتال (قانون لاهاي)، حيث توجد العديد من القواعد الدولية التي تحكم سير وإدارة العمليات العدائية، فهناك بعض الأحكام التي تحد من استخدام وسائل وأساليب معينة أثناء النزاعات المسلحة، سواء كان ذلك بحظر اللجوء إلى أساليب محددة في القتال أو حظر أو تقييد استخدام أنواع معينة من الأسلحة، ويأتي تكريس هذه

A constitutive law can be defined as a mathematical functional relation between physical quantities
such as stress and strain and may take other factors like time, temperature and additional material
properties into account. In this paper, the endochronic model is used to predict the stress-strain relations of two Iraqi clays. This model is a viscoplastic one but without introducing a yield surface. It encompasses
material behaviour such that the current stress state is a function of strain history through a time scale called “intrinsic time” which is not the absolute time but a material property. The simulation showed that the model overestimates the strains for all cases studied. This may be attributed to the material para

The study included three topics, the definition of the personality of Imam al-Bazazi, his scientific biography, his elders, his writings, his students and his death, selected issues of his weightiness related to purity, and the Imam al-Bazazi is Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibnShihabibn Yusuf, known in al-Kardari al-Hanafi al-Balzazi. The other doctrines, the author relied in his book on the sources of the previous scholars of the Hanafis, and make them the basis in his book, the author did not adopt the definitions of language and terminology, and rarely mention the evidence Shariah adopted by scientists in their opinions, and limited to mention only opinions, In front of the first issue spotlessly water user, and the second issue that sleep l

هدفت الدراسة في التعرف على تأثير استخدام التمرينات المركبة (مهارية) بوسائل سمعية وبصرية في

أن الأهتمام بحكّام كرة القدم يأتي من أهميتهم الأساسية في اللعبة ومدى مساهمتهم في متعتها وسلامة اللاعبين وتحقيق العدالة اذ اخذ المهتمين والمعنيين بكرة القدم عملية متابعة وتحليل ودراسة سلوك الحكام من اجل تأهيلهم وفق مناهج علمية دقيقة وشاملة وإعدادهم إعداداً صحيحاً يتناسب مع مكانتهم في قيادة المباراة والوصول بها

استحدثت المحكمة الادارية العليا بموجب قانون رقم (17) لسنة 2013 التعديل الخامس لقانون مجلس الدولة رقم 65 لسنة 1979 ، ويعد استحداثها تطوراً نوعياً على صعيد القضاء الاداري في العراق وذلك لاستيفاء مقومات نظام القضاء المزدوج الذي يتطلب وجود محكمة ادارية عليا على رأس محاكم القضاء الاداري فضلاً عن انه بإستحداثها قد عاد الوضع الى نصابه الصحيح وانفض الاشتباك والتداخل بين اختصاص القضاء الاداري والقضاء الدستوري في موضوعات

The ceiling of the midbrain has a couple of optic lobes which are prominent and used as an optic center that reflex what it receives from eye retina fibers. The histology of optic tectum has been studied in Iraqi fish Barbus luteus (Heckel) . It was found that the number of optic tectum were six main strata organized from the outside to the inside as follows : the stratum marginal (SM), the stratum opticum (SO), the stratum fibrosum et griseum superficialis (SFGS), the stratum griseum central (SGC), the stratum album central (SAC), the stratum periventricular (SPV), . the tow last strata consider deep layers on the optic tectum. It was noticed that the superficial strata was the first (SM), while the thickest strata was the four (SGC), whic

This research was conducted to study the histological structure of the eye in the tree frog (Hyla arborea savignyi) and showed that it is composed of the eyeball and the lens and optic nerve. Appeared eyeball is surrounded by three Tunica from the inside to the outside are Tunica Interna, Tunica vasculosa, Tunica fibrosa. The tunica interna consists of the retina that consists of 10 layers are from outer to inner pigment epithelial layer, rods and cones layer, external limiting membrane, outer nuclear layer, outer plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, inner plexiform layer , ganglion cells layer , nerve fibers layer, internal limiting membrane .The vascular tunic or Uvea consists of the choroid, ciliary body , and iris . The fibrous coat co

The study aims at identifying the reasons of weakness in the reading and writing of the primary schools' pupils at Baghdad governate in Iraq from the educational supervisors' point of view.

The community research contained the educational supervisors of Baghdad governate for the academic year 2011\2012, consisting of a total number of (344), of which (175) were males and (169) were females, where as the sample of the research consisted of (100) educational supervisors.

The researcher made up a questionnaire which is consisted of (78) items, distributed over different fields ( the curriculum and the book, methods of teaching, educational technology

استفاد الانسان القديم من التنوع الجيولوجي والموارد الطبيعية في المواقع الآثارية المدروسة وهي بازيان في شمال العراق ، والكصير في وسط العراق ، لتلبية احتياجاته اليومية مثل الغذاء ، والماء ، ومواد البناء ، وحماية نفسه من اخطار الطبيعة او اي عدو محتمل .  تقع بازيان على بعد 20 كم غرب مدينة السليمانية شمال شرق العراق ، والكصير قرب بحيرة الرزازة ،  الى الجنوب من مدينة كربلاء في وسط العراق . والصخور المنكشفة في م

يفرض واقع الحياة في المجتمعات الانسانية خلال تطورها تتكون علاقات اجتماعية واقتصادية ذات ترابط وثيق بالآخرين, من اجل اشباع أكبر قدر ممكن من رغبات أفراد المجتمع , وتحقيق أقصى ما يمكن تحقيقه من أهداف وميول كل مجتمع بحسب ظروفه الاجتماعية والاقتصادية فضلا عن العوامل والامكانيات المتاحة من طبيعية وبشرية وتقنية .وتشكل البنية الاجتماعية والاقتصادية في البلدان المتخلفة سببا رئيسيا لاستمرارية التخلف والتبعية وأحد

      عدً المؤرخون دراسة الجوانب الأقتصادية المتمثلة بالزراعة من خلال كتاب من الدراسات المهمة , وذلك من أجل معرفة هذه الجوانب ومقارنتها بالمصادر الأخرى , لذا انصبت الدراسة وموضوع بحثنا عن الزراعة في مصر من خلال كتاب (مسالك الابصار في ممالك الأمصار لابن فضل الله العمري المتوفى سنة (ت 749 ﻫ / 1348م), اذ تم تناول سيرته وحياته والمناصب التي تولاها ومؤلفاته , ومن ثم تناولت الدراسة موقع مصر الجغرافي

The paper aims at making the Russian reader acquainted with the Iraqi Poet Badr Shakir as-Sayyab, and showing the effect of the village and the city in his soul, the theme which is reflected in his poetry. Therefore, the researcher has translated the verses pertaining to this topic from Arabic into Russian so as to make the Russian reader know the important phases that talk about the village and city. The researcher has concluded that the theme of place, village and city has occupied a good portion of As-Sayyab's poetry, and that he (the poet) hated the city and expressed his wrath against it, because he viewed the city as embodiment of money and the degeneration of man. As opposed to this, As-Sayyab he loved being a farmer, and was

لا ريب في ان كل امة من الامم على وجه الارض تختزن في وجدانها مفاهيم اجتماعية تتوافق مع درجة تطور هذه الامة ومع العصر الذي تعيش فيه , والامة العربية واحدة من الامم التي أفرز عصرها الجاهلي بطبيعته البدوية مجموعة من القيم التي تمسك بها العربي ودافع عنها بل وكانت الناظم لحياته ولعلاقته مع الآخرين , ولكي تكون القيم مفهومة يجب ان ينظر اليها من زاوية العصر الذي عاشت فيه وليس من زاوية عصر آخر أكثر تطوراً , وليس ض

The OSPF cost is proportionally indicated the transmitting packet overhead through a certain interface and inversely proportional to the interface bandwidth. Thus, this cost may minimized by direct packet transmitting to the other side via various probable paths simultaneously. Logically, the minimum weight path is the optimum path. This paper propose a novel Fuzzy Artificial Neural Network to create Smart Routing Protocol Algorithm. Consequently, the Fuzzy Artificial Neural Network Overlap has been reduced from (0.883 ms) to (0.602 ms) at fuzzy membership 1.5 to 4.5 respectively. This indicated the transmission time is two-fold faster than the standard overlapping time (1.3 ms).

The Moroccan socio-economic context is more and more weakened by a dynamic of accelerated measures aimed at redressing the financial deficits of the state. The first emotionally impacted by this dynamic are parents and therefore their children who begin to live in a universe dominated by fluctuations and unforeseen events.
This article will therefore explore the emotional situation of Moroccan pupils at the beginning of schooling and identify their needs in this area, in order to initiate a dynamic of engineering emotional intelligence in primary school.
The study was carried out in 3 school groups in Casablanca on a mixed population of 160 pupils and was spread out over a month. The used tools comprised interviews with survey fill

يُعنى البحثُ بدراسة بعض المفردات القرآنيّة التي وردت بصيغ مختلفة في القرآءات القرآنيّة , وكيف ان هذا الإختلاف في الصيغة أدى إلى اختلاف في الدلالة الوظيفية لبعض منها فيما حافظ بعضها الآخر على دلالتها رغم اختلاف الصيغ موثق ذلك من كتب التفسير واللغة وكتب القرآءات .

Secure Shell (SSH) is a secure remote login program which can be used in place of regular telnet. It has become the default remote access method for administration of UNIX systems. It is very common for public Internet facing servers to experience attacks that attempt to brute force username and password combinations via SSH to gain access. This paper examines these attacks depending on SSH log file to find unsuccessful logins then blocks IP addresses of unsuccessful logins for a period of time that is decided by administrator and then send an e-mail to administrator to consider whether the addresses blocked belong to users failed to access or by an attacker, finally the administrator will block attacker's IP address forever. Some attack

The aim of this research , Principal component Is to find orthognal sets of vectors that maximize the variance of the projected dat, pca seeks a transformation nation of the data into another from of reference with as little error as possible, using fewer factors than the original datat. and find the connection among the student’s degrees through an applicative study on accountancy department for the afternoon studied who graduated in 2002- 2003 in Management and Economy- Baghdad University.
After taking their marks for the last year downward to the third year , second and first year far of the fail years with using of the model of artificial neural network and the statistical model (principle component), to compared the results b

هدفت هذه الدراسة الى مدى توافر مهارات التفكير الناقد المتضمنة في أسئلة الملاحظة والمتوقعة في كتاب الاجتماعيات للصف الثاني المتوسط، استخدم المنهج الوصفي لتحليل المحتوى،  ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة أعدت أداة لمهارات التفكير الناقد تضمنت ستة مهارات رئيسة وهي: مهارة التفسير، التحليل، التقويم، الاستنتاج، الشرح، تنظيم الذات ,إذ تم تحليل أسئلة نهاية الفصول خاصة في كتاب الثاني المتوسط في ضوء مهارات التفكير الناق

In this paper, a random transistor-transistor logic signal generator and a synchronization circuit are designed and implemented in lab-scale measurement device independent–quantum key distribution systems. The random operation of the weak coherent sources and the system’s synchronization signals were tested by a time to digital convertor.

Throughout this paper we introduce the notion of coextending module as a dual of the class of extending modules. Various properties of this class of modules are given, and some relationships between these modules and other related modules are introduced.

Background: There are many congenital anomalies associated with cleft lip and/or palate. This research is to study the prevalence of congenitally missing teeth and supernumerary teeth in this population group. Materials and Method: One hundred eight cleft lip and/or palate Iraqi patients had participated in this study (57 male, 51 female), 3-12 years of age. 26 of them had orthopantomogram were within (6-12) years of age were inspected for congenitally missing teeth and supernumerary teeth. Patients whom age range 3-5 years were checked for the congenitally missing teeth by clinical examination with strongly insisting the teeth were not missed due to caries or trauma. Results: There were 19(73.076%) patients with 41 congenitally missing tee

The purpose of the research is to identify the role of Islamic banks in facing the financial crisis in Iraq for the period 2012-2014, and highlight the various factors that contributed to the emergence of the financial crisis, as well as to identify the problems and challenges facing the Islamic banking business in Iraq and identify the reasons and find appropriate solutions, And the development of treatments to avoid the occurrence of such problems and overcome them. The main findings of the research are as follows,Islamic banks (the sample of the study) were affected by the global financial crisis indirectly, as the financial crisis turned into an economic crisis affecting the real economy, because the activity of Islamic banks is more

استهدفت الدراسة الحالية تحديد طبيعة العلاقة الارتباطية بين التعاطف والسلوك العدواني لدى عينة من طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة. تكونت العينة من طلبة الصف الأول المتوسط بغداد/ تربية الرصافة الثانية من كلا الجنسين، شملت 218 طالباً وطالبة، وطبق مقياس التعاطف، ومقياس السلوك العدواني. وبعد معالجة البيانات، أظهرت النتائج تمتع طلبة الصف الأول المتوسط بالنزعة أو الميل للتعاطف، وتبين أن الإناث أكثر تعاطفاً من الذكور، ومستوى

Nigella sativa seeds (NSS) are reputed traditionally and scientifically as a potent agent that promote milk secretion (galactagogue), but their mechanism of action is studied trivially. One suggestion was that these seeds are bio-transformed to sex hormones within the ovaries. Therefore, this investigation was designated to throw light on the action of these seeds in the absence of ovaries i.e. in male rats. Thirty Norway male albino rats were used in this investigation. They were divided into experimental (n=20,fed NSS 2g/ Kg body weight /day for 14 days) and control (n=10, fed placebo for 14 days). After sacrifice mammary gland and blood samples were obtained. Experimental rats revealed a significant increase (p (0.01>in

      هدف البحث تعرف أثر أسلوب النمذجة الرياضية في حل المشكلات التطبيقية لدى طلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط في الرياضيات ، وتحقيقاً لأهداف البحث اعتمد الباحث المنهج التجريبي ، واستخدم التصميم التجريبي ذا المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة ذا الاختبار البعدي. ووضعت الفرضية الصفرية الآتية:" لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة ( 050. ) بين متوسطي درجات الطلاب الذين يدرسون على وفق أسلوب النمذجة الرياضية