The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of pesticides in different durations on some neurotransmitters and oxidative parameters compared to controls. A total of 120 male farmers participated in this study, 30 not exposed to pesticides served as control group and 90 exposed to pesticides and were split into two groups based on their exposure durations (˂5 & ≥5 years) and three age-groups (˂20, 20-40 and ≥41 years). Blood was collected to determine acetylcholinesterase (ACHE), serotonin (5-TH), dopamine (DA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels using ELISA kits. The results of ACHE, serotonin, dopamine and TAC levels increased, whereas M

The GPR method was used to determine the depth and extent of the subsurface archaeological features at the archaeological site of Borsippa. The extensions of the archaeological walls were identified through the creation of three-dimensional maps. The LMX200 device conducted the survey using a 250 MHZ antenna. sixty parallel profiles were collected and processed by GPR Slice software. Several reflections of possible archaeological walls buried at different depths and extensions of 2, 4, 6, 11, and 20 m were identified. The 250 MHz antenna gave clear reflections of the archaeological walls, with a penetration depth of up to 4 meters. The time slice map identified a buried archaeological structure at 1–1.1 m deep, consisting of many rooms

      As it is observed these days, the roads are crowded with different kinds of vehicles, and as a result, accidents have become more dangerous every day. In this paper, a vehicle accident detection and notification system is designed by using road surveillance camera data and machine learning techniques to use the recorded footage from the surveillance cameras to detect the accident status, activate an alerting sound, and send the notification message as a Google email (Gmail) to the specialist. The system model was made by combining two algorithms, convolutional neural networks (CNN) and support vector machines (SVM), to make a CNN-SVM hybrid model, which was then trained using two datasets. The first dataset contains 4814 image

     This paper demonstrates the synthesis and storage of molecular-imprinted polymers (MIP) at room temperature using bulk polymerization of atenolol (Ate), which is characterized by high sensitivity, low costs, and high stability. The research used 0.99:6:20 mmol ratios of template, monomer, and cross-linking agents for the polymerization in order to ensure an appropriate adsorption capacity. By making MIP for atenolol as Ate-MIP, which could be looked at with a UV-VIS spectrophotometer at 276 nm, Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a functional monomer of allyl chloride with cross-linking ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate was made. Mass spectrometric (MS) detec

      Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni contains diterpenoid steviol glycosides that have no adverse impact on blood sugar levels despite being 300 times sweeter than sugar. This study aimed to investigate the rate of callus induction from stevia leaves and the content of glycosides when changing the sucrose percentage in the culture medium.. Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture medium supported by 4.0 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 1.0 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA) was used,  and different concentrations of sucrose (2, 3, 4, 5  and 6%) were tested .The extraction of glycosides from leaf and callus tissues was performed by using methanol. Extracted glycosides were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

     This work includes the synthesis of new pyrazoline derivatives 6-20 over two steps. The first step included a condensation between vanillin and various aromatic ketones (acetophenone, p-nitroacetophenone, p-chloroacetophenone, p-bromoacetophenone, and 2-acetylnaphthalene) to provide the corresponding chalcone derivatives 1-5 in high yields (up to 93%). The second step involved a reaction of 1-5 with hydrazine hydrate, phenyl hydrazine, and p-nitrophenyl hydrazine, which gave the desired products 6-20 in yields ranging from 60 to 85%. The structures of the prep

        Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2). It is characterized by respiratory distress, multiorgan dysfunction and death in some cases. The host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 appears to play a critical role in disease pathogenesis and clinical manifestation. However the pathological mechanism underling the disease has not been fully defined. Lung autopsy samples from 3 patients with fatal COVID-19 were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin stain to analyze the histopathological changes. While immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed for detecting CD4 in helper T-cells, CD8 in cytotoxic T-cells, CD56 in NK-cells and CD45RO in memory T-cell

     This study investigates the adsorption of Brilliant Scarlet 3r dye (BS 3r) onto corn silk (CK), an agricultural waste, in a neutral medium. The characteristics of corn silk as an adsorbent were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM). Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to examine the effects of corn silk weight, initial BS 3r concentration, adsorption period, adsorption temperature, and pH of the medium on the adsorption process. Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms models were used to represented the equilibrium experimental date, the obtained values of correlation coefficient R² indicated that the adsorption followed the Langmu

A significant cause of blindness in preterm infants is retinal retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Early detection and intervention are essential for preventing visual loss. This study proposes an advanced approach for predicting ROP stages using deep learning algorithms and belief function theory. Three steps comprise the suggested technique: image pre-processing, feature extraction using deep learning models, and classification utilizing belief function theory. We used a dataset of 3720 retinal images from premature infants and achieved a classification accuracy of 95.57% for predicting ROP stages. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of deep learning algorithms and belief function theory in ROP diagnosis. This strategy can increase

     The current study aims to investigate the prevalence of extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamases in multiple-drug-resistant Escherichia coli (e.g., multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pan-drug-resistant (PDR)) collected from hospitalized patients in Baghdad. The results showed that the prevalence of ESBLs among E.coli isolates was high. From the total 113 E.coli isolates, 75 (66.37%) were ESBL-producing, while 38 (33.63%) were non-ESBL-producing. Out of 75 ESBL-positive isolates, 39 (52%) were obtained from females and 36 (48%) from males. Additionally, 43 (57.33%) isolates were collected from urine samples, and the highest production of ESBLs

    In this study, the new types of mappings on the rings and near-rings are defined, which are named multiplicative homoleft multipliers, multiplicative homoright multipliers and multiplicative homo multipliers. We also present examples that show the existence of such mappings. Moreover, we study how these mappings effected on the construction of near-rings. 

     Information on the aquifer transmissivity and basement structure of Igarra, southwestern Nigeria, is scarce. Thus, this study aimed to apply electrical resistivity sounding and drilled borehole information to determine the underlying bedrock structure (basement structure) and the aquifer transmissivity of Igarra. Twenty vertical electrical soundings (VES) were carried out along 4 established E-W traverses intending to intercept the fracture systems. The resistivity data acquired were curved matched, and iterated using Schlumberger O' Neil software to obtain layer parameters. The layer parameters were evaluated to obtain the Dar-`Zarrouk parameters, which were used to determine the aquifer transmissivity. The resistivity-sounding

     In this paper, principally supplemented (-supplemented), and principally lifting (-lifting) semimodules are defined as generalizations of principally supplemented (-supplemented), and principally lifting (-lifting) modules. Let  be a semiring. An -semimodule  is called a principally supplemented (-supplemented) semimodule, if for all  there exists a subsemimodule  of  with  and  small (-small) in . In this paper, we examine properties of principally -supplemented semimodules and generalize results on principally -supplemented modules to semimodules. Besides, we characterize -semiperfect semimodules as a generalization of -semiperfect modules.

      The image caption is the process of adding an explicit, coherent description to the contents of the image. This is done by using the latest deep learning techniques, which include computer vision and natural language processing, to understand the contents of the image and give it an appropriate caption. Multiple datasets suitable for many applications have been proposed. The biggest challenge for researchers with natural language processing is that the datasets are incompatible with all languages. The researchers worked on translating the most famous English data sets with Google Translate to understand the content of the images in their mother tongue. In this paper, the proposed review aims to enhance the understanding of ima

     Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems have become crucial for gathering information for observation, surveillance, mapping, and 3D modeling tasks. The use of UAVs in close and mid-range sectors has shown potential for cost-effective alternatives to traditional aerial photogrammetry conducted by humans. The research aims to optimize photogrammetric processing for drone-based 3D mapping by examining strategies and applications to increase accuracy and efficiency. The study highlights the significance of image overlap and high-quality camera equipment to obtain reliable outcomes for stereo-photogrammetry and depth measurements. Drones and specialized software like 3DF Zephyr and Pix4D were used to create a 3D map. The software uses

     This research aims to determine the nature of the relationships among luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) by using different methods of distance measurement (distance modulus “dm” and luminosity distance “dl”). We used data from the following sources: NASA Extragalactic Database (NED) and the HYPERLEDA database, where this data was used to study the nature of the relationships and the extent to which they relate to each other. The program (statistica-win-program) was employed, which helped us know the strength of the association between the variables. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there was a strong correlation between dust mass (M_{dust dm} & M_{dust dl)} and luminous

       Let-7b and miRNA-96 are among the dysregulated microRNAs in various diseases. Selected seventy-five male rats were divided into five equal treatment groups and were given 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) by drinking water (50 ppm) for five different drenching periods. To each treatment group, a control group of five males was also assigned. The oral pathological changes were microscopically evaluated thereafter. Histopathological changes indicating dysplasia or frank carcinoma were observed in the fifth treatment group only. Let-7b and miRNA-96 expressions in the tongue tissue and serum were quantified using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The fifth treatment group only showed signs of severe and well diffe

The aloe vera (ALV) gel coating solution contains tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, terpenes, saponins, and glycosides. The inhibition growth rates of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis were 63, 58, 65, and 57%, respectively, at a rate of 60.75% for a 5% ALV gel coating solution. It was 66, 63, 70, and 64%, respectively, at a rate of 65.75% for 10% ALV gel coating solution. It was 73, 68, 70, and 66%, respectively, at a rate of 69.25% for 20% ALV gel coating. The weight loss of coated eggplants with sterile distilled water, 5, 10, and 20% ALV gel coating solution was 0.791, 0.714, 0.578, and 0.384%, respectively, during storage for 10 days at

     This study aims to examine the relationship between the flooded areas of the marshes in southern Iraq and their water quality, as well as their relationship with climatic factors such as temperatures and rainfall amounts and their impact on the water discharge into the marshes of southern Iraq in the provinces (Basra, Maysan, and Dhi Qar) through the interpretation of maps with remote sensing tools of the wet cover (water and vegetation), descriptive and quantitative analysis of the flooded areas comparing them with the values of salt concentrations and clarifying the monitoring sites of the water quality and water discharge into the marshes through GIS, as well as the relationship of the wet cover with temperatures, rainfall am

    The study focused on the elemental abundance of two different comets. These comets were observed at an energy range of (100-10000) eV. The X-ray emission spectrum was analyzed and the results showed that comet C/1999 S4 (LINEAR) from the Oort cloud region (long-period) and comet 9p/Tempel 1 from the Kuiper Belt region (short-period) had the highest abundances of the different elements. The ds9 program used data from NASA's Chandra analysis to show the spectra of these comets and analyze their elements. The results showed that some elements were similar in all comets, such as (Carbon (C), Oxygen (O), Neon (Ne), and Silicon (Si)). While others varied from one comet to another, such as (Magnesium (Mg) and Chlorine (Cl)) elements whic

      A total of 1346 hard ticks (863♂ and 483 ♀) infested 104 camels, 60 alive camels with 93.33%  infestation rate and 44 carcasses of camels had 79.54% infestation rate The total infestation rate was 87.5 %.

The current study results revealed ten species of hard ticks family Ixodidae Koch, 1844 related to genus Hyalomma as following: H. dromedarii Koch, 1844, H. schulzii Morel, 1969, H. turanicum Pomerantsev, 1946, H.  excavatum Koch, 1844, H. truncatum Koch, 1844, H. scupense Schulzii, 1919, H. marginatum Koch, 1844, H. anatolicum Koch, 1844, <

    In the current paper, we define some subclasses of holomorphic functions in the open disk  that are defined by the differential operator. These subclasses are defined in the open disk . We make some estimates for the bounds of the Fekete-Szego inequality as well as the coefficients  and  for functions that belong to these subclasses. Also, some of the results of these subclasses have been generalized, particularly those that involve the majorization and quasi-subordination concepts.

      In previous years, most regions of the Middle East suffered from frequent dust storms, Iraq at the top of that where Iraq was classified as the fifth most vulnerable country to climate change according to the Paris Climate Agreement; the frequent dust storms are considered the most prominent effects of climate change, which are a result of lack of rain and drought, and thus desertification and desertification. The storms appear when the winds blow. This research reviews using of space data, MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, satellite images), and its two platforms, Terra and Aqua, to monitor storms movement and determine the starting point source using the PCA (Principal Component Analysis algorithm) in ENV

Let Κ be a proper ideal of a commutative ring S. Then Κ is a strongly irreducible (SI)  ideal if for any two ideals C and D of S, C∩D⊆ Κ implies C ⊆ Κ or D ⊆ Κ. We say a ring is strongly irreducible (SI) if all its ideals are strongly irreducible. In this paper some properties of such ring are given. The relations between SI rings and some types of rings are also studied. Furthermore, for an SI ring S we study the S spectrum of S and the S.spec(S)  topology.

    Recently, cloud computing has affected a large part of the computer industry, including software companies and internet service providers. It has proven efficient in managing tasks for applications. Despite its popularity, cloud computing does not meet the requirements of applications because it faces many limitations, such as high latency and bandwidth bottlenecks. These limitations will significantly affect applications sensitive to delays. To meet this challenge, fog computing is introduced as an extension to cloud computing. It improves quality of service (QoS) for applications that suffer from latency by keeping resources and services close to the end-user. How to efficiently and fairly allocate the available resources, e.g.,

       In this paper, the instability of the Carreau fluid was discussed in the asymmetric channel with a porous medium in the presence of a changing magnetic field and rotation. The Carreau fluid behaves like a non-Newtonian fluid, where it was found that the rotation has an effect on the stability of the fluid. Numerical methods are used to solve the equations, such as the perturbation method. Assumptions are used to analyze the flow. The effect of Hartmann number (Ha), Darcy number (Da), material fluid (We), magnetic field (β), capacitance ratio (∅) and rotation are calculated(Ω)Numerical results were calculated using MATHEMATICA program

      We offered and suggested some classes N_(Ω,b,α,γ)^(μ,δ) (ψ,τ,φ) and C_(Ω,b,α,γ)^(μ,δ) (τ,a,ψ,φ)  of bi-univalent functions in the unit disk υ, to apply the effects to the classes through convolution of the operators R_q^δ f(z) and I_(s,a,µ)^λ f(z). Which satisfies the condition quasi-subordination. We got estimates the first two Taylor-Maclaurin coefficients |a_2 |  and |a_3 | by convolution of the operators R_q^δ f(z) and I_(s,a,µ)^λ f(z) .

    Some of the novel algebraic topics explored in this paper, like Permutation         -algebra, permutation edge, permutation -transitive, permutation -ideal, permutation -ideal, and permutation -subalgebra are discussed and looked into. Additionally, permutation -algebra, permutation -morphism, equivalence relation with its congruence classes and quotient permutation -algebras were defined with specific results relating to our unique notions that have been developed and examined.

    The conjugated gradient methods can solve smooth functions with large-scale variables in the specified number of iterations for that they are highly important methods compared to concerning other iterative methods. In this paper, we propose two new conjugate gradient methods, namely the PMDL-1 and PMDL-2. However, for non-smooth functions, which are called conjugate gradient-free derivative methods depending on the projection technique. The two methods give  great results compared to the basic PDL method. Moreover, we provide theorems that prove the global convergence between these two methods.

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) provides a set of instruments and techniques to explain and display different geographical data, and ArcGIS Model Builders consider a very beneficial technique to represent these procedures in a very effective and influential manner. This paper indicates that using the ArcGIS tool Model Builder is the preferred technique to display the flux of procedures, in which the model's design is highly preferable to decrease the time consumed to apply any procedure. One model was used to explain the best methodology to resolve the issue, which deals with dust storm detection over Iraq using MODIS data. This study Facilitate Terra and Aqua MODIS satellite images; the first case was Terra / MODIS during the fir