Anise is an aromatic plant which is used in traditional medicine and pharmaceutical industry. The main components of anise seed are anise alcohol, p-anisaldehyde, estragol, acetophenone, limonene and pinene, while the volatile oil found in anise is anethole. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant and analgesic properties of anise seeds and oil have been confirmed by various studies. The current study was designed to study the effects of oral administration of anise oil on the reproductive capacity of adult male mice by examining certain physiological parameters such as measuring the serum testosterone level, counting the number of sperm, sperm motility and abnormal sperm morphology. A total of 36 male mice were used and

     This paper constructs and generalizes the numerical Runge-Kutta-Mohammed (RKM) method for solving twelve-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The novel contribution of this study is the development and generalization of the numerical RKM methods for solving ODEs of the order of less than a tenth. The algebraic order conditions (OCs) for the proposed RKM method are derived up to order thirteen using Taylor expansion. Then, the constructed method has been derived from these order conditions. However, the proposed numerical RKM method has been evaluated at some implementations and compared to an existing Runge-Kutta (RK) method to determine the method's viability. Moreover, this comparison demonstrates the proposed direct

     This paper emphasizes on examining the impact of a magnetic field, and porous medium on the non-Newtonian Jeffery nanofluid flows due to metachronal waves induced by ciliated structures that covering the inner walls of the symmetric channel. The governing equations namely continuity, motion, energy and nanoparticles concentration are formulated with suitable boundary conditions and simplified depending on the assumption of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The simplified equations are solved by using Mathematica program. Further, these analytical solutions for velocity profile, temperature, concentration profiles and streamlines are graphically elucidated and discussed in detail. we concluded that the Hartman number and p

     Medical diagnosis is the process of identifying the presence of a specific disease. Medical images play an important and major role in helping the doctor and specialist in the process of diagnosing the patient's condition. As a result of the technological development taking place in the fields of artificial intelligence, which processes data quickly and efficiently by responding to various conditions and situations, providing a great deal of flexibility and accuracy,  it is widely used in helping to diagnose diseases. Fuzzy logic was used to find the number of cells in medical images, where the increase or decrease in the number of cells beyond the normal limit indicates the presence of a specific disorder or disease.

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     The present paper shows a numerical comparison by using the number of the following criteria: mean squared, root mean Square, mean absolute, and relative mean squared error values between the methods, namely  maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimators for the two parameters of the exponentiated exponential distribution. In estimating the maximum likelihood, The equations cannot be solved directly, Then Newton-Raphson method is used. Because of Bayes estimators under scale invariant squared and weighted composite linear-exponential loss functions the ratios cannot be simplified in a closed form. So, we use Lindley approximation. MATLAB program is used to display the results.

     Binary relations or interactions among bio-entities, such as proteins, set up the essential part of any living biological system. Protein-protein interactions are usually structured in a graph data structure called "protein-protein interaction networks" (PPINs). Analysis of PPINs into complexes tries to lay out the significant knowledge needed to answer many unresolved questions, including how cells are organized and how proteins work. However, complex detection problems fall under the category of non-deterministic polynomial-time hard (NP-Hard) problems due to their computational complexity. To accommodate such combinatorial explosions, evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are proven effective alternatives to heuristics in solving NP-

      This paper used argon plasma jets to prepare CuO nanostructures. Several techniques, including UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were used for the characterization of the prepared CuO nanoparticles. UV–Vis spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the CuO nanostructures have an energy band gap of 2.7 eV. The XRD analysis showed that the CuO nanostructures have an average crystallite size of 36 nm. Furthermore, the results of the EDX examination demonstrated the creation of CuO nanostructures of high purity. The scanning electron microscope was used to analyze the surface morphology, showing a high agglomeration rate. According to SEM

This study is concerned with analyzing the peristaltic flow of Bingham fluid through an irregular tube with a short wavelength “relative to channel width” and using the governing equations of Bingham fluid in the Navier-Stokes equations in the Cartesian coordinate system. Significant results of the problem were obtained and analyzed using the Wolfram-Mathematica Computational Notebook.

     Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has been raised as a public health state worldwide and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study was to assess serum lipid profile levels, renal function and glucose in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. A total of 50 patients (23 males and 27 females) with CKD attending the hemodialysis at Kidney Unit in Al-Ramadi Teaching Hospital, Anbar Iraq and of ages ranging between 20 -85 years, were sustained for this research. The patients were classified into three categories with their mean age of 65.71±1.98 years. Eleven healthy adults were also recruited in this study with mean age of 37.00±15.56 years as control group. The study inclu

     The Gumbel max distribution is one of the most important statistical distributions because it has many applications, especially in the field of water research and the prediction of earthquakes and volcanoes. This work includes a comparison of several Shrinkage Bayesian methods, namely the Shrinkage Bayesian Square Loss Function, Shrinkage Bayesian Lenix Function, and Shrinkage Bayesian Unix Function to estimate the distribution parameter. The research also includes several simulated experiments according to the sample size change and the real value of the distribution parameter. The number of experiments is 15 simulated experiments based on the difference sample size and true distribution parameter values. The results of the sim

     The predictions and warnings from drying up lakes and rivers are increasing nowadays, especially in Iraq, due to climatic changes and water flow reduction from neighboring countries. Consequently, this paper deals with monitoring the changes in submerged surface areas and Hamrin dam lake storage volume from December 2011 to the end of 2022. Hamrin Lake supplies Diyala province, Iraq, with irrigation water. Multitemporal satellite images were acquired from google earth pro and Earth Observation (EO) browsers. Triangular Irregular Network (TIN) layers generated contour lines through the ArcGIS environment. Volumes were calculated using the end area method. The results show that the water storage volume reached 1.8 billion cubic me

      In this study, we present a modified analytical approximation method to find the time-fractional Sharma-Tasso-Olever issue solving. In order to tackle nonlinear fractional differential equations that arise in a variety of physical processes, we begin by providing an alternate foundation for the Laplace Residual Power Series Technique (LRPSM). Thus, the generalized Taylor series equation and residual functions serve as the foundation for this approach.

More precisely, our approach and the suggested solution produce good results. Moreover, the reliability, effectiveness, and simplicity of this approach are demonstrated for all classes of fractional nonlinear issues that arise in technological and scientific fields. Two ex

Measurement of anti-TTG, liver manifestation, and BMI in Iraqi patients with celiac disease (CD) with and without a gluten-free diet (GFD) in order to validate their role in the exacerbation of CD symptoms. The study was carried out on CD patients with a duration of disease ranging from 1 to 10 years (n = 52, age range: 20-55(. The patients’ group was subdivided into the PI group (n = 29), which includes patients with GFD, and the PII group (n = 23), which includes patients without GFD. The studied groups were matched with 51 healthy individuals as the control group (C) (age range: 20-55). The results obtained from the present study indicate a highly significant increase (P = 0.000) in serum anti-TTG in the PI and PII groups as compare

    The aim of our work is to develop a new type of games which are related to (D, WD, LD) compactness of topological groups. We used an infinite game that corresponds to our work. Also, we used an alternating game in which the response of the second player depends on the choice of the first one. Many results of winning and losing strategies have been studied, consistent with the nature of the topological groups. As well as, we presented some topological groups, which fail to have winning strategies and we give some illustrated examples. Finally, the effect of functions on the aforementioned compactness strategies was studied.

     Fusing digital images is an essential step in digital image processing, as it allows for integrating information from two or more images into a single image of high quality and clarity. This work fused images resulting from motion blur (left and right) with blur block sizes of 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11. The image resulting from the blur towards the right was combined with the image resulting from the blur towards the left for the same degree of blur using traditional techniques such as addition, multiplication, and new suggested techniques, namely absolute real standard deviation, binary standard deviation, real Covariance, and binary Covariance. The data examined by quality assessment methods with the reference depend

     Acromegaly has been associated with several metabolic health conditions that can increase risks of death and illness. These include heart disease, diabetes, and problems with how the body regulates insulin levels. Multiple studies have found that people living with acromegaly are two to four times more likely to pass away than others of the same age and sex in the general population. Research also suggests a link between acromegaly and higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the body. MDA is a byproduct formed during natural processes like prostaglandin and lipid peroxidation production that is able to damage genes and has been connected to cancer development. The transmembrane protein known as soluble a-Klotho (SAKL)

     Outcrops of detrital sediments dating from the Moghrebian are found in the coastal basin of Tarfaya in southwestern Morocco. These sediments are still little studied and spectacularly extended and surmounted by a hard crust. Our study will focus on three objectives (1) to characterize the microfacies of Moghrebian sediments and to identify their diagenetic evolution, (2) to reconstruct the modalities of development of superficial crusts, and (3) to elucidate the origin of calcium carbonate in these sediments. The results show that the Moghrebian strata have alternating conglomerate beds, lumachel, sandstone, calcarenite, and a well-developed calcareous crust on the surface. The diagenetic evolution of these facies is very early

     The aim of this paper is to analyse the temperature and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) peristaltic flow of Jeffrey fluid through a porous wave channel under the influence of rotation. The study is in Cartesian coordinates, the system of equations governing this issue is nonlinear and non-homogeneous partial differential. For the purpose of solving this system, we assumed a short wavelength and a very low Reynolds number due to the flow channel structure. After obtaining the system solution, we used the Mathematica 13 program to analyse the results through graphs. It observed that the rotation,  magnetic field, viscosity and density of the fluid have an effective effect on the fluid movement and its temperature.

     The significant air pollution issue in Nigeria has sparked severe widespread fear. This research is a part of the effort to eliminate or reduce this threat. The research aimed to examine the distributions of Air quality index (AQI), Particulate matter with less than 2.5 µm diameter (PM_2.5), Relative humidity (RH), Wind speed, and Temperature (temp) in nineteen (19) Nigerian states, including the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). To accomplish this, satellite data obtained from IQAir's air quality monitoring platform for nineteen states and the Federal Capital Territory of Abuja between the 7th and 17th of October 2021 were used and statistically analyzed. The inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation method was a

     Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a global medical problem that has a high rate of mortality. Interestingly, evaluating the hematopoietic growth factors is useful in the early diagnosis of CRC. Henceforth, this study was designed to measure the potential role of Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and Interleukin 3 (IL-3) in CRC progress and their relation to P53 expression and global DNA methylation (5mC).  Blood samples were collected from a total of 60 Iraqi patients who participated in this study and were diagnosed with CRC, and from 30 healthy volunteers who served as control for comparison purposes. Serum levels of GM-CSF and IL-3 were assessed quantitatively using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

This study detected the prevalence of gram-negative bacteria (GNB) among Iraqi acute leukemia patients and measured their serum levels for C- reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and lipopolysaccharide- binding protein (LBP). Besides, random amplification of polymorphic DNA )RAPD ( typing was utilized to investigate the genetic relationship among GNB isolates. Out of 458 clinical samples collected from 260 acute leukemia patients, 70 (15%) isolates of GNB were diagnosed as Klebsiella pneumoniae 23 (33%), Escherichia coli 21 (30%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 18 (26%) and Acinetobacter baumannii 8 (11%). These isolates were collected from urine (39 (57%)), blood (23 (32%)) and swabs (8 (11%)). Furthermore, GNB infections were higher amo

     The research aims to find the highest spatial distribution and the best relationship between drug dealers and drug users using networking technology, as all roads connect between population, industrial, commercial, agricultural, and tourist centers and between transportation points for other types of transportation. Baghdad province was chosen as a study area due to increased drug prevalence in recent years. Remote sensing techniques, including Geographic Information System tools, were used to implement the study. Statistical methods were applied in the geographical analysis of samples based on the moon. European industrialist Copernicus and Sensor 2b to locate these samples. The nearest neighborhood was calculated to determine

     Basins and Intrusions structures are essential features in defining and assessing the evolution of tectonic geo-structures. The gravity effects for Basin and Intrusion refer to (such as a salt dome or granitic pluton) structures that are similar in form, shape, and value. Attempts to characterize these structures from gravity data depend on derivation methods such as second horizontal and absolute second horizontal derivative methods. The task of the discriminator is to determine whether the data presented refers to a Basin or Intrusion. Hence, it is just a binary classifier giving the output as 0 (for Basin) or 1 (for Intrusion). The machine learning approach can solve such types of classification with high accuracy and confide

     In this work, the surface of the telescope’s mirror is cleaned using an atmospheric-pressure radio frequency plasma jet (APRFPJ), which is generated by Argon gas between two coaxial metal electrodes. The RF power supply is set to 2 MHz frequencies with three different power levels: 20, 50, and 80 W. Carbon, that has adhered to the surface, can be effectively removed using the plasma cleaning technique, which also modifies any residual bonds. The cleaned surface was clearly distinguished using an optical emission spectroscopy (OES) technique and a water contact angle (WCA) analyzer for the activation property on their surfaces. The sample showed a super hydrophilic surface at an angle of 1° after 2.5 minutes of plasma treatmen

     The synthesis of novel thiazolidinones 6-8A, diazetidenes 9-11A, and ethers 13-18A was described using 2-aminobenzathiazole and 4-bromophenacyl bromide as starting materials. The reaction of 2-aminobenzathiazole with 4-bromophenacyl bromide afforded the product A1 in 80% yield. Position 5 at the product A1 5-(4-bromophenyl)imidazo(2,1-b)benzothiazole used to form carbaldehyede group A2 under Vilsmeier-Huck conditions. Schiff bases 3-5A were then produced via condensation of A1 various aromatic amines. The produc

      Genus Eucalyptus belongs to the family Myrtaceae that consists of more than 700 species, various hybrids and varieties. The majorly distributed species that are grown in Iraq are Eucalyptus alba, E. macarthurii, E. siderophloia and E. camaldulensis, E. tereticornis, E. vicina. Most Eucalyptus species are highly dependent on rainfall, and this is challenged by climatic changes owing to global warming making it difficult to effectively match the availability of mature trees and the market demand, especially for use as power transmission poles. With the widespread availability of other naturally occurring Eucalyptus species, it has become important to de

     Al- Dalmaj area is a large water body in Iraq in the Afak district, which feeds from the general downstream between the Tigris and the Euphrates. The present study focused mainly on the changes detection in Al-Dalmaj area through analysis of the Landsat images for four selected years (2000, 2002, 2013 and 2017) to determine the changes in marsh waters, wetlands area, drylands areas and other land classes, The Landsat images of Al-Dalmaj area were analysed with the scene that includes the water surface and the area surrounded by the fixed geographical boundaries. The combination of remote sensing and GIS techniques have been found to be successful and effective in monitoring the spatial and temporal changes in land cover. These c

     This paper focuses on studying the dynamical behavior of a discrete-time stage structured prey-predator fractional model with Crowley-Martin type functional response. This study starts with the construction of a discretization of the fractional stage structured prey-predator model by using piecewise constant arguments process then we determine and set conditions that are required to achieve the local stability of all the equilibrium points of the considered system. The results of the study show that the discrete–fractional system may have one or two non-negative interior equilibrium points. One of them becomes locally asymptotically stable under certain conditions. Also, we present and extend the considered system to the optim

The present work aims to biosynthesis of manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO NPs) using Prodigiosin pigment, produced by Serratia marcescens, as a stabilizing and reducing agent. In addition to the characterizing of the biosynthesized MnO NPs were characterized utilizing several optical methods, including FT-IR, XRD, AFM and UV-Vis. A cut-off wavelength of the biologically synthesized MnO NPs was established at around 440 nm using UV-Vis. Furthermore, the analysis of AFM revealed that MnO NPs have an average diameter size of 74.51 nm. The results showed concentration-dependent antibacterial effect (25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/ml) of MnO nanoparticles on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Overall, it is concluded that the biosynthesized MnO NPs retain the

     The Euphrates soft-shell turtle Rafetus euphraticus is classified as endangered on the IUCN Red List and is thought to have recently undergone large population declines. Species information in Iraq is limited to a few rapid surveys with little detailed information on its breeding and distribution. Turtles have been recorded inside the water by setting nets in certain areas in the Central Marshes. Morphometric measurements were recorded in Euphrates soft-shelled turtles Rafetus euphraticus, sampled in the Central Marshes. According to nine morphometric ratios, the populations of R. euphraticus in the Central Marshes are smaller in size than previous specimens that have been recorded in neighbor