The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of contrast training on the development of muscular power and selected physiological indicators in advanced basketball players. An experimental design with two equivalent groups was employed. The sample consisted of twelve players from Al-Difa’a Al-Jawi Basketball Club, who were randomly assigned into an experimental group (n = 6) and a control group (n = 6). The experimental group followed a contrast training program for eight weeks, with three training sessions per week, while the control group continued their regular training program. The dependent variables included muscular power tests (vertical jump and seated medicine ball throw) and selected physiological indicators (resti

Exclusive drills are acknowledged as good strategies to build physical and tactical condition in players, since they represent gaming situations and are related to the correlation of the physical exercise with training. If these drills are devised for maximum oxygen consumption (VMA), players will be able to exert themselves at or near their competitive intensity and/or work load, which in turn helps develop specific endurance, speed, strength, agility and quick directional change abilities. The research problem arises from the weakness of such capabilities, that are evident in youth players (mainly slow transition between defense and offense, less precision under fatigue). Therefore, tacks were practiced during seven weeks in a

The study aimed to identify the effect of rehabilitation exercises on advanced athletes participating in sports activities who suffer from partial muscle tears in the shoulder joint. The researcher used the experimental method with a one-group design employing pre- and post-measurements, as it suited the nature of the study. The research population was intentionally selected from sports clubs and included athletes aged 20 years and above with partial shoulder muscle tears, while the main sample consisted of five players and an additional two players from the same population were used for the pilot study. The research problem was evident in the high incidence of shoulder injuries among athletes, especially in team sports such as basketbal

تناول المقال موضوع استثمار الذكاء الاصطناعي في تحليل البيانات الضخمة داخل المؤسسات العلمية، وركز على توضيح أهمية هذا التكامل في تعزيز الأداء الأكاديمي والبحثي. استعرضت المقالة تعريفات كل من الذكاء الاصطناعي والبيانات الضخمة، وأنواع البيانات داخل المؤسسات العلمية، ثم بينت أبرز التطبيقات العملية مثل التنبؤ بأداء الطلبة، والإرشاد الذكي، وتحليل سلوك المستخدمين، والفهرسة التلقائية. كما ناقشت المقالة التحدي

The importance of studying the effect of playing simulation exercises in the chest wall and the various defensive moves of handball players (15-18 years old), in an effort to find out the effectiveness of this type of exercise in the development of comprehensive defensive performance, and achieving integration between the skill side and the plans of the juniors, to build a scientific training base that contributes to the preparation of players capable of defensive performance with high efficiency in the later stages, the research problem was summarized by the following question: Does the use of playing simulation exercises contribute to the development of the level of defensive performance, especially in the chest wall and defensive move

The first-class referees officiating the Iraqi Stars League are confronted with a variety of functions they execute during one refereeing season. Referee perform different tasks apart from opposing robots such as Main Referee, Assistant Referee, Fourth Official and Social and Professional Activities. Role conflict in this case may arise from the divergent and highly abstract expec­tations fostered by different role set members. With the incredible technical and competitive progress experienced by Iraqi Stars League and an increase in the amount of first-class referees’ pressure, there arises a pressing necessity to create scientifically based counseling programs that reduces role conflict among referees and develops their cogn

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of strength training program on blood lysine and valine levels in tennis players. 6 players aged 18–20 years were sampled. The training intervention was implemented over 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week. Plasma lysine and valine were determined before and after the training period. Results indicated that the contents of lysine and valine increased evidently following training. The finding also indicated that muscle strength and endurance were significantly improved after the training program. It is possible to infer that the training program was beneficial for lysine and valine levels, muscle strength and tennis endurance in players.

The Paralympic Games are considered the third global sporting event after the Olympic Games and the second World Cup for football, as the Paralympic Games are not sports competitions, but are the embodiment of the spirit of humanity, and the research aims to 1- Analyze and know the most important results of Iraqi Paralympic table tennis achieved globally for the period (2023-2025). 2- Analyzing and knowing the most important factors that contributed to achieving the achievement The historical-analytical method was used, the study population: they are all Iraqi players participating in the Arab, international and Paralympic championships. The study sample: It was selected in a deliberate way and included the medalists accredited in the Ar

The study aimed to analyze the nature of the relationship between decision-making time and the accuracy of shooting by jumping among handball players who are students of the fourth stage at the College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences to reveal the extent to which cognitive-motor ability contributes to improving offensive skill performance. The study adopted a descriptive approach using the method of relational relationships, and 20 players who were selected deliberately participated. The study used a reaction time system to measure decision time, as well as test the accuracy of shooting from jumping from three specific points within the attack area. The results showed that the Arithmetic mean decision time was 0.828 seconds, whi

           The research seeks to develop an educational curriculum based on Schmidt's Schema Theory for acquiring fundamental tennis skills, implement this curriculum, and assess its impact on the learning of these skills. The researchers employed the experimental technique by configuring the experimental and control groups to align with the nature of the issue. The research sample comprised tennis players aged 11 to 13 years, categorized into a primary experimental group of 20 players, alongside a control group and an experimental group system. The control group comprised 10 participants, and the experimental group also consisted of 10 participants. The exploratory experiment group consisted of three participants, while three

Researchers have shown considerable interest in the idea of organizational climate because of its crucial role in school administration and all school operations. Hence, enhancing it is regarded as a primary duty of school principals, as they bear direct accountability for overseeing the school and its entire operations. Total quality management is a primary method that allows the school administrator to effectively handle administrative tasks with the goal of meeting the needs of instructors, students, staff members, and the community. The significance of the research rests in its attempt to shed light on the value of both organizational climate and total quality management among high school principals. The research seeks to determine t

In sports where technical performance is crucial, quantitative analysis methods have evolved to track skill performance using modern training methods and technology. This helps trainers evaluate training methods and detect performance issues. Coaches and athletes know that preliminary movements improve attack accuracy, but the association between motions (strikes, presses, crushes) and target regions (torso, armed arm, head) has not been thoroughly investigated. Lack of studies on Paralympic fencing's targeted contact regions and ambiguity around the most common preliminary actions highlight the research problem. The study examined epee fencers' successful movement sequences in the Paris 2024 Paralympic Games' final bouts and touch succe

The purpose of this research is to show analysis about the effect of plyo-agility drills on agility and defensive rebound in under 18 female basketball players. It evaluates the effectiveness of such exercises for enhancing defensive speed and reactive agility. A pre-post with experiment group design tested the effects of exercise on 12 players from Al-Hilla Basketball Club through 24 sessions for 8 weeks. finding the agility time decreased from 12.5 to 8.25 sec indicating superior speed and reaction. Defensive rebounding repetition count was 17.17-24.17 showed a higher defensive reaction. In contrast, plyo-agility training markedly improves agility and defensive performance of volleyball players. It is recommended to integra

This study looks into how educational leadership can help build social cohesion in public schools in Lebanon. It digs into different ways that school management can be approached, focusing on creating a culture rooted in peace and citizenship. Method A questionnaire of closed questions was applied to a stratified random sample of 217 school principals, using the descriptive-analytical method. The findings indicated that there is a positive and strong relationship (r = 0.702) between the competence of educational leadership in implementing strategic tools and the level at which social cohesion was promoted. As for current parliamentary leadership activity, it revealed good performance (average 3.40) but was short of the desirable le

A popular recommendation for weight loss programs is to drink a lot of water. Only a small number of systematic researches have tackled this idea, though. The consequences of consuming an additional 2.25 liters of water per day on the body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat, and body composition of individuals who were obese were evaluated in this study. The goal is to assess how much water consumption affects an obese person's ability to lose weight and body fat. For 12 weeks, the 100 obese men in this study were told to drink 750 ml of water three times a day, 15 minutes before breakfast. The study used the body analysis system (GS6.5 B. S161118S1544). Body weight, body mass index, and body fat were measured before and after the s

           Shooting is considered one of the most fundamental and essential skills in handball, requiring a high degree of accuracy and motor coordination. Based on their teaching experience in the handball course, the researchers observed that some students possess adequate physical strength yet struggle with shooting accuracy. This raises questions regarding the factors influencing shooting performance, including motor coordination. Accordingly, the problem of the current study arises from the need to identify the relationship between the level of motor coordination and the accuracy of jump shooting among second-year handball students. The study aims to reveal the nature of this relationship. The researchers hypothesized that

The oxidative degradation of Orange G dye by nanosized CeO₂ catalyst has been performed in this study. The catalyst was prepared by precipitation method. Various characterization techniques were carried out to study the physical and chemical properties of the synthesized catalyst. The XRD result confirms well the formation of CeO₂ cubic phase.  The FTIR result showed the effect of calcination temperature for CeO₂ was clearly observed due to reduction in band intensity compared to uncalcined Ce nitrate sample. Meanwhile, the diffused reflection spectra recorded reflection spectra at 414 nm with an energy gap of 3.2 ev. The decolorization of Orange G dye by oxidation process were carried out  unde

تتغيا هذه الدراسة الموسومة بــــ(القيم التعبيرية للأنساق اللغوية الدالّة على تلوّن الوجه في القرآن الكريم) إلى إلقاء الضوء على الآيات المتحدّثة عن ظاهرة تلوّن الوجه في القرآن الكريم، وعلى الأنساق اللغوية الدالّة عليها، واستنطاق بنيتها وسبر أغوارها في ضوء السياق وقرائنه الهادية والصارفة، بهدف التوصّل إلى أبعادها الدلالية وبيان قيمها التعبيرية، الكاشفة عن الحالات النفسية المتباينة التي تكون سببًا فيها أ

لا يخفى على أحد ما لتزييف العلم من خطورة في مجال البحث العلمي، ولا سيما أن العلم عبارة عن عملية تراكمية، يؤسس فيها اللاحق على السابق، لذلك سعيتُ في هذا البحث إلى كشف الأسباب الحقيقية وراء هذا التزييف، في المطلب الأول منه، وإلى تتبع بعض وقائع التزييف والخداع والتزوير في البحوث العلمية والمختبرات، وبعض الأوراق البحثية التي نشرت واعتمدت لسنوات طويلة، ليتبين بعد ذلك زيفها ومغالطاتها للحقيقة، وذلك في المطلب ال

يتناول هذا البحث تجلّيات الهوية الاجتماعية في كتاب عيون أخبار الرضا من خلال مقاربة لسانيّة اجتماعية تكشف أثر اللغة في بناء الهوية الدينية والاجتماعية. ويُبرز البحث تلازم اللغة والهوية بوصفهما ظاهرتين اجتماعيتين تعكسان انتماء الفرد والجماعة، وتسهمان في تشكيل الوعي الاجتماعي والديني. كما يبيّن دور اللغة العربية بوصفها حاضنة للهوية الحضارية والدينية، وأداة لنقل القيم والمعتقدات. ويحلّل النصوص الواردة في ا

أرسى سيبويه في كتابه «الكتاب» نظريةً لغويةً متكاملة تشمل النحو والصرف والصوت والدلالة، تضاهي -في عمقها ودقّتها- النظرياتَ اللسانية الحديثة، اعتمد منهجَه على أسسٍ علميةٍ تراعي السياقَ والمقامَ وحالَ المتكلم والمخاطَب والبيئةَ الاجتماعية والعقائدية. وقد ظهرت -في فكره- ملامحُ النظرية النحوية الدلالية التي تربط بين البنية والسياق بوصفه أعمق مستويات المعنى. لم يكن هدفُه تقويمَ اللحن أو ضبطَ الظاهر الإعرابي ف

Imam Ali's Political Thought: A Comprehensive Vision The political thought of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) represents a comprehensive vision rooted in Islamic ethics and values. It emphasizes that politics must be a tool for achieving justice and equality between the ruler and the ruled. This vision is characterized by being both humanitarian and practical, aiming to build a society based on mercy, fairness, and respect for human rights, far removed from deceit and trickery. This perspective is evident in his covenant to Malik al-Ashtar, where he stressed the necessity of filling the heart with mercy towards the subjects and treating them with equality and fairness. He places justice and equality at the core of governance, considering th

تناولت الدراسة تفسير الكلمة في القرآن بذكر ما يضادها في الآية نفسها أو في الآية التي تليها، أو ما قبلها، وهذا من أنواع تفسير القرآن بالقرآن، وهذه الآيات منها ما يحتاج إلى دراسة وبيان لتبيين هذا المعنى للكلمة المعنيّة، ومنها ما هو واضح فلا يحتاج إلى بيان، وقد اشتمل القرآن الكريم على عدد من هذا النوع؛ وقد طبقت دراستي على ثلاث سور، وهي: سورة النساء والمائدة والأنعام. واتبعت في دراستي المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي

يهدف بحثنا هذا إلى تقديم لمحة عامة عن مناهج التفسير العقلي للقرآن العظيم، مع التركيز بنحوٍ خاص على منهج التفسير الموضوعي كأحد أهم تطبيقاته، ويسلط البحث الضوء على أهمية العقل في فهم معاني القرآن الكريم، وذِكر أهم المفسرين الذين اتبعوا هذين المنهجين، كما إنَّه تحليل انموذج تطبيقي لمنهج التفسير الموضوعي بهدف فهم أعمق لآليات العمل والإسهامات الفكرية لهذا المنهج. وسيخلص البحث إلى أنَّ كِلا المنهجين له أهميته

يسعى البحث إلى دراسة التساؤلات المحتملة، والتي قد تشكل على القارئ نتيجة اختلاف العدّ، وبالتالي الاختلاف في المقدار الذي يلزم قراءته لتحصيل الفضل الوارد في فضائل السور والآيات، وذلك من خلال التركيز على ما ثبت من الروايات المتعلقة بالفضائل. ويهدف إلى: تسليط الضوء على التساؤلات المحتملة، والتي يثيرها اختلاف عدّ الآي، وتتعلق بفضائل السور والآيات. مع حصر المواضع التي تبين فيها وجود تساؤلات، وتوجيه التساؤلات ف

يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحقيق نص كتاب "الخلف بين أصحاب عبد الله بن عامر اليحصبي بين رواية عبد الله بن ذكوان القرشي وهشام بن عمار الدمشقي السلمي" للشيخ الإمام أبي معشر عبد الكريم بن عبد الصمد المقرئ الطبري. ويكتسب هذا الكتاب أهميته من عدة جوانب، أبرزها: • قدم النص: يعود إلى القرن الخامس الهجري، وهي مدة حيوية في تدوين وتنقيح علم القراءات. • مكانة المؤلف: الإمام أبو معشر الطبري، الذي أثنى عليه العلماء ووصفوه بأنه واسع

يتناول هذا البحث مفهوم الأمن النفسي في القرآن الكريم، كأحد الأبعاد العميقة في البناء الوجودي للإنسان، وعلاقته الوثيقة بتحقيق مقصد حفظ النفس، الذي يمثل أحد المقاصد الكلية التي يقوم عليها النظام التشريعي الإسلامي، ينطلق البحث من تحليل دلالة الأمن النفسي في الاستعمال القرآني، من خلال تتبع الألفاظ المرتبطة به، مثل الأمن، والسكينة، والطمأنينة، وبيان أبعادها العقدية والنفسية، والكشف عن أثرها في تحقيق التواز

لأقوال الفقهاء مكانة كبيرة في التشريع الإسلامي لما تمثله من اجتهاد معتبر ما دامت تلكم الأقوال مبنية على أدلة معتبرة يصح الاعتماد عليها في استنباط الاحكام الشرعية، وقد يحدث أن يتغير اجتهاد الفقيه فيفتي في مسألة بقول جديد مخالف لقوله السابق، وهنا يتبادر تساؤل عن مدى صحة العمل بالقول القديم ما دام اجتهاده قد تغير، ويأتي موضوع بحثي هذا دراسة وتحقيقاً لهذه الرسالة العلمية (العمل بقول الشافعي القديم) وهي من تألي

Researchers have shown considerable interest in the idea of organizational climate because of its crucial role in school administration and all school operations. Hence, enhancing it is regarded as a primary duty of school principals, as they bear direct accountability for overseeing the school and its entire operations. Total quality management is a primary method that allows the school administrator to effectively handle administrative tasks with the goal of meeting the needs of instructors, students, staff members, and the community. The significance of the research rests in its attempt to shed light on the value of both organizational climate and total quality management among high school principals. The research seeks to determine the