Buried pipeline systems are commonly used to transport water, sewage, natural oil/gas and other materials. The beneficial of using geogrid reinforcement is to increase the bearing capacity of the soil and decrease the load transfer to the underground structures.

This paper deals with simulation of the buried pipe problem numerically by finite elements method using the newest version of PLAXIS-3D software. Rajkumar and Ilamaruthi's study, 2008 has been selected to be reanalyzed as 3D problem because it is containing all the properties needed by the program such as the modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio, angle of internal friction. It was found that the results

Abstract

Paracetamol toxicity, whether accidental or not is a worldwide issue that leads to hepatotoxicity, acute liver failure, as well as irreversible liver injury requiring liver transplantation. Omega-7 is a monounsaturated fatty acid with a number of beneficial properties. The aim of the present study was to assess the potential protective role of omega-7 fatty acid against hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol in male rats. Thirty male Rats were separated into five groups (six rats in each group) and received the following treatment: group 1 received liquid paraffin orally via gavage tube for seven days successively, group 2 received liquid paraffin  orally via gavage tube for seven days successively, and o

A thermal layout modeling and optimization routine for a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) has been made
in the present work. The thermal model includes the modeling of electronic components based on thermal
resistances and the PCB as a flat plate with multiple heat sources. Isothermal and Isoflux natural
convection heat transfer for horizontal and vertical PCB thermal modeling. The numerical solution
method for the 2-dimensional thermal model is the superposition method for the adiabatic PCB edges. The
optimization meshing model was constructed based on the Complex Method. The numerical Complex
Method has been improved to a new optimization method named as "Dual Complex Method", which
minimize the objective function to gi

This study aimed to investigate the effect of fish bone in the of chemistry and self-organized learning for students of the second grade‚ achievement . The study sample consisted of 84 students from the second grade students middel in the of alrasheed boys school, of the Directorate of Educational Karkh II, in two divisions, Division of (a) an experimental group that studied the strategy fish bone, and the Division (d) a control group which studied the usual way. The results indicated the presence of significant differences in favor of the experimental group that studied using the fish bone in achievement and learning self-organized strategy students             &

In the 1980s, the French Administration Roads LCPC developed high modulus mixtures (EME) by using hard binder. This type of mixture presented good resistance to moisture damage and improved . mechanical properties for asphalt mixtures including high modulus, good fatigue behaviour and excellent resistance to rutting. In Iraq, this type of mixture has not been used yet. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the performance of high modulus mixtures and comparing them with the conventional mixture, to achieve this objective, asphalt concrete mixes were prepared and then tested to evaluate their engineering properties which include moisture damage, resilient modulus, permanent deformation and fatigue characteristics. These prope

The research aims to reveal the professional self and the school climate among the educational counselors. The research problem is crystallized in the following:

1-Identifying the professional level of the educational counselors.

2- Knowing the level of the school climate with the educational counselors.

3- Are there statistically significant differences in the professional self and the school climate between the educational counselors of different gender (male / female)?

4- Is there a relationship between the professional self and the school climate of the research sample?

To answer these questions, the research was conducted on educational counselors in secondary schools in the district of Falluj

The research deals with solar energy as one of the sources of renewable energies available in Iraq, which can be utilized. The research aims to identify the design pillars of the use of solar energy in street furniture and its relationship to formal variables. The research limits included street furniture manufactured by JCDecaux in Boston during the period 2015-2016, and included the theoretical framework which consists of two sections: solar energy (its beginnings and uses), and solar energy and its uses in Street furniture design.

As far as the research procedures and methodology are concerned, it adopted the descriptive approach in describing and analyzing the sample models in addition to describing and analyzing the sample i

When the depth of stressed soil is rather small, Plate Load Test (PLT) becomes the most efficient test to estimate the soil properties for design purposes. Among these properties, modulus of subgrade reaction is the most important one that usually employed in roads and concrete pavement design. Two methods are available to perform PLT: static and dynamic methods. Static PLT is usually adopted due to its simplicity and time saving to be performs in comparison with cyclic (dynamic) method. The two methods are described in ASTM standard.

In this paper the effect of the test method used in PLT in estimation of some mechanical soil properties was distinguished via a series of both test methods applied in a same site. The comparison of

Background: Psoriatic arthritis is a type of arthritis that can often affect some patients who suffer from psoriasis. Approximately 40-50% of individuals with psoriatic arthritis have the HLA-B27 genotype

Objective: To investigate whether we could confirm the role of HLA-B27 alleles and psoriatic arthritis in Iraqi Arab Muslims patients.

Method: A cross sectional case control comparative study included thirty Iraqi Arab Muslims who had psoriatic arthritis that consulted the Dermatological and Rheumatological Department in AL-Kindy Teaching Hospital from November 2014 to June 2015. HLA-genotyping for HLA-B27 were assessed. A control group consisted of fifty-one healthy vol

السياسة التركية تجاه عراق ما بعد الانتخابات

   The di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was extracted using different solvents from plastic blood bag. The extracted product was identified using FT-IR, NMR (1H and 13C), DEPT, COSY, HMBC and HSQC_TOCSY spectrometry. The extracted plasticizer was tested in complex formation with Fe2+ and Cr3+ using UV-visible spectrophotometric method. The migration of the plasticizer from the blood bags to the blood was studied and determined during different storage times depending upon the formation of complexes with Fe2+ and Cr3+, and the change in the concentration of Fe2+ and Cr3+. 

This thesis deals with design and implementation of PC based control unit for testing systems. The design of the system involves mainly the hardware circuits, and software. The tester carries out the following types of test Analog circuit test, Digital I.C. test, Incircuit test, and functional test. The system designed and implemented, the implemented system hardware was built around two parallel ports. The hardware includes four buffers used as I\O channels addressed as Analog input (A\I), Analog output (A\O), Digital input (D\I), and Digital output (D\O). The system also includes Analog to digital converter, Digital to analog converter, and resistor testing circuit. The data to processed can be in digital or in an analog form. In the

This study presented more than twenty books that dealt with the subject of (Weights of the Tawshih art), whether their study was independent and dedicated the art of Tawshih as a part of book.

 Our aim of this research is to find the results of numerical solution of Volterra linear integral equation of the second kind using numerical methods such that Trapezoidal and Simpson's rule. That is to derive some statistical properties expected value, the variance and the correlation coefficient between the numerical and exact solutionâ–¡ 

   The term discourse is one of the terms that have attracted the attention of learners because it is indicative of the speech that is directly related to the addressee and the addressee through a common message between them. In the story of the study and the importance of research can be a widespread method, and then the choice of this story the story of Joseph (peace be upon him) in particular did not come The research presented in the introduction and the preamble and three topics, dealt with the definition of discourse, and the role of discourse in modern Quranic and linguistic studies, and in the first section dealt with the definition of the style of command language, terminology and command formu

1. تبين إنّ مصطلح (المدنية) حديث ؛ لكن جوهره القرآن الكريم؛ لأن القرآن الكريم قد دعا في كل آياته إلى بناء الدولة المدنية التي أساسها العدل والمساواة , وهذا ما أثبتناه في متن البحث .
2. إنّ المدنية نوعان الأولى مدنية في ظل الله , والثانية مدنية في ظل الإلحاد , أي أحداهما تدعو للحق عن طريق الله , والأخرى تدعي الحق بإنكار وجود الله ،فيجب الانتباه لمثل هذا النوع ؛ لأن هذا النوع يدعو كما تدعو داعش لتشو

The study aims to identify the level of modesty and self-assertiveness among Tikrit university’s students in regard with students’ gender and major (scientific, human studies), and to identify the correlation between modesty trait and self-assertiveness of students. To this end, the researcher has designed a scale to measure modesty that consisted of four-domains (decency, avoiding of unattractive, pang of conscience, and apprehension). Moreover, the researcher adopted a scale of self-assertiveness that designed by (shawki, 1998). The sample included (600) student on first-stage at the university of Tikrit. The results revealed that students have a high level of modesty and self-assertiveness; there is a correlation between modesty t

Objective(s): To determine the impact of Chemotherapy upon the quality of life for patients with chronic myeloid
leukemia in Baghdad city.

Methodology: A descriptive study design was carried out The study was initiated from 30 January 2011 to October
2011.A purposive (non–probability) sample consisted of (130) patients with a chronic myeloid leukemia ,Who
attended to Baghdad Teaching Hospital and National Center for Research and Treatment of Hematology. The
sample criteria was the patients who were 18 years old and above, excluding the patients who suffered from
psychological problems and other chronic illnesses .A questionnaire was adopted and developed from European
Organization Research and treatment of Can

    الحمد لله ربّ العالمين والصلاة والسلام على سيّد الخلق محمد وعلى ال بيته الطيبين الطاهرين وصحبه المنتجبين .

   يُعد النص القراني من أهم النصوص التي  طُبقت بها علوم اللغة العربية في أبهى صورها من هنا اخترتُ النص القراني لدراستي هذه .

  وقد اخترتُ أسلوب ( التكرار ) في القران الكريم ؛ لكثرته في القران ولكونه يحمل غايات بلاغية ودلالية متنوعية ، وقد وقع اختياري على سورة  ( الاعراف ) ؛ كون

یکی از ویژگی‌های زبان پویا بودن و تغییر و تحول گام‌به‌گام آن با تحولات اجتماعی است. هرقدر سرعت تحولات اجتماعی تند‌تر باشد، به همان اندازه زبان هم تغییرات بیشتری را شاهد خواهد بود. تحول زبان، تنها براثر نفوذ زبان‌های دیگر نیست؛ بلکه خود زبان نیز تحرکی ذاتی دارد که به اقتضای تغییر نیازهای اجتماعی، آن را متحول می‌سازد. تحول زبان معمولاً بسیار کند و تدریجی است اما هجوم ناگهانی زبان‌های بیگانه براثر افزایش قدر

Cette recherche porte sur les difficultés  rencontrées par l’apprenant Irakien dans l’apprentissage du FLE. Elle traite également amélioration des motivations des apprenants pour surmonter ces problèmes. Notre objectif est dans cette étude qu’il faut corriger les erreurs des étudiants, en donnant des tâches à accomplir aux étudiants. Au-delà, l'enseignant sollicite leurs capacités de déduction et de découverte et les invite à construire leur propre savoir.

إن موضوع الدراسة هو تقصي ترجمة "لعل" و"عسى" في نصوص قرآنية (النص الاصل) في ترجمتين لمعاني القرآن الكريم في اللغة الانكليزية (النص الهدف). تحمل تلكما الكلمتين المعنى ذاته مع اختلافات بسيطة. والهدف بحث ترجمتاهما وتحليل المعنى الذي يحملانه وفقا للسياق والنص (آيات قرآنية معينة). والسؤال هو هل نجح المترجمون (الهلالي وخان وآيرفنك) في ترجمة معاني المصطلحين المذكورين من العربية (اللغة الاصل) الى الانكليزية (اللغة الهدف)

تتمحور إشكالية الدراسة وفرضيتها حول إبراز جماليات التضاد والعلاقات الثنائية وأثرها في الاتساق النصي ووظيفتها في الشعر المعاصر وما ينبثق منها من دلالات، وتكتسب أهميتها هذه الدراسة من كونها دراسة تطبيقية على شعر الشاعر الأستاذ حامد الراوي والكشف عن مدى قصديته في توظيف هذا الفن في نصوصه والدلالات التي يرمي إليها.

جاء البحث بمقدمة وثلاث محاور وغايته تسليط الضوء على الشعر العراقي المعاصر والبحث في ما يحمل

            This research paper presents the main theme of the revenge of conscience in John Grisham’s A Time to Kill (1989) is connected with the law especially when the law is misused by statesmen according to many causes such as an identity problem, judicial, racism, and black people oppression in the American community. The aim of the study is too dependent upon the psychology field according to Freud's personality psychoanalytic theory (1923). The protagonist of the novel who is Carl Lee Hailey (Samuel L. Jackson), decides to take his own right after the law fails to convict the two murderers (Cobb and Willard ) who raped his ten-year-old daughter Tonya Hailey and lef

Wisdom in the era before Islam is soo famous and so mature And Wisdom in the age of Islam {the holy quran and AI Hadeeth AI shareef }is dealt with by different meanings that agree with the contexts in which it occurs its contacs One of meanings is wisesaying that occuars in the Halal and Haram .As to the wisdom of the Amawy age ,it was some times absent since it was not dealt with by the great Poets of that age .In the Poetry of AL-FARAZDAK , Wisdom was little and it expressed religious and phsycological meanings because wisdom is amessage that has along –rang .

تعد الطاقة الكهربائية عصب الحياة في حياة المدن، إذ لا يمكن لأي دولة  أن تتقدم وتتطور دون خدمات الطاقة الكهربائية لذا تعد من علامات التحضر في الوقت الحاضر، إذ أن دون خدمات الكهرباء لا يمكن أن تقوم الصناعة ولا التقدم الصناعي والتكنولوجي الذي شهده العالم لاسيما الدولة المتقدمة، والعراق من الدول النامية التي تعاني من نقص خدمات الطاقة الكهربائية الوطنية بسبب الزيادة الكبيرة في أعداد السكان يؤدي إلى زيادة الط

In this study, mean free path and positron elastic-inelastic scattering are modeled for the elements hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), chlorine (Cl), potassium (K) and iodine (I). Despite the enormous amounts of data required, the Monte Carlo (MC) method was applied, allowing for a very accurate simulation of positron interaction collisions in live cells. Here, the MC simulation of the interaction of positrons was reported with breast, liver, and thyroid at normal incidence angles, with energies ranging from 45 eV to 0.2 MeV. The model provides a straightforward analytic formula for the random sampling of positron scattering. ICRU44 was used to compile the elemental composition data. In this

Background: the activity of acute lymphoblastic leukemia had been observed to correlate with levels of serum lipoproteins

Objective: to evaluate the correlation of serum levels of different types of lipoproteins with activity of the disease in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Type of the study: A prospective study.

Methods: A study included patients diagnosed as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, their serum levels of lipoproteins at time of diagnosis, and on relapse were obtained for comparison.

Results: there is significant inverse correlation of activity of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with serum total cholesterol

This research asks what are negative social behaviours in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) raised by the talk shows on the (NRT) channel? Furthermore, it aims to identify the most significant themes addressed by talk shows on the (NRT) channel regarding negative social behaviours in the KRI by using the content analysis approach through non-random purposive sampling to understand the dialogue contents that dealt with this subject. This study has reached a set of results: through its talk shows, the (NRT) channel attempts to create a media vision about the spread of negative social behaviours in the KRI and stand up to the dangers associated with these behaviours. At the same time, those programs tried to marginalize the behaviours that