This study was conducted to detect bovine tuberculosis (TB) in Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, using gamma interferon assay (GIA), and determine the prevalence in the governorate. The study was carried out among three groups of cattle: calves aged 6–12 months, heifers 13–24 months, and cows aged above two years. Bovine TB was detected by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the GIA, carried out on 404 cattle within the target population (31173) from different districts around the governorate. A TB prevalence rate of 8.9% was detected. The highest prevalence rate (10.5%) was in the cattle above two years of age, and the lowest rate (2.7%) was recorded in 6–12 m
... Show MoreThe study was conducted at the Greater Zab River at Aski-Kalak City in three stations during the period from November 2020 to October 2021.The lowest water temperature value was 9.2°C at January while the highest value was 30 °C during July 2021. Salinity values ranged between 0.21 at January to 0.49 g/l during July 2021. Dissolve oxygen was high which range between 12.5 and 5.2 mg/l during December 2020 and July 2021 respectively. A total of 2368 specimens with a total weight of 848.97Kg were collected. These fishes were represented by 28 fish species belong to 7 families.The dominance commercial fishes (15 species) were recorded with a total weight of 775.56 kg formed 91.35% of a total fish catches. While, non – commercial
... Show MoreKE Sharquie, MM Al-Waiz, AA Al-Nuaimy, IRAQI JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE, 2006
To determine the impact of climate change on the growth and yield of sunflower when planted at two different climatic times, a field experiment was conducted in Anbar Governorate, specifically in the Ramadi district, in the fields of one of the farmers. Five cultivars were used: "Aqmar", "Haysen", "Isaqi", " Flami a and "Tarzan", at three plant densities of 88,900, 66,670, and 53,300 plants ha-1. A randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) was used with three replications, in a split plot arrangement, where plant densities occupied the main plots and cultivars occupied the sub plots. The results indicated the superiority of the cultiv
... Show MoreThe study aimed to improve potato plant productivity, roots growth biomass, and the efficiency of water utilization by using sustainable treatments .The experiment carried out at vegetable field of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad during spring season 2023. The experiment was conducted using split plot arrangement within Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors and three replicates (2X6X3). Applying TiO2-NPs represented the first factor (main plot) (10 mg.L-1), which symbolized (T0, T1). six treatments were included to represent subplots (regular irrigati
... Show MoreThis study was aimed to find a hopeful antibacterial product from Streptomyces spp. acts against colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from different clinical samples. Among 46 K. pneumoniae isolates, 4 (8.7%) isolates represented Colistin resistance using the disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration. Out of 20 soil samples collected from different gardens at Essaouira city, 18 Streptomyces spp. were isolated and identified. The bioactivity of each Streptomyces isolate was checked against antibiotic-resistant pneumococci. The result showed that only six isolates had high antibacterial activity, 3
... Show MoreThe aim of the study was investigate the occurrence of multidrug resistance efflux pumps genes in local clinical isolates of Salmonella sp and try to apply efflux inhibitor for phenotypic detection besides their possibly future therapeutic uses to retain the activity of some frequently used antibiotics. Among 114 bacterial specimens obtained from several hospitals in Baghdad city only 67 isolates were diagnosed to Salmonella typhi according to conventional and molecular methods. The disk diffusion (Kirby Bauer) method was adopted to assess the antibiotic susceptibility of S. typhi isolates, and the results revealed variable rates of resistance to various antibiotics. While Gentamicin are the most effect
... Show MoreThe chili pepper plant Capsicum annuum L. is used in processed foods and pharmaceuticals given the importance of Capsaicin; it has been produced through cell cultures of chili pepper obtained from a media known as Murashige and Skoog (MS), which is supplied by the best concentration1.5 and 0.3 mg/L of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin (kin.), respectively, gave highest fresh and dry weights of callus, reaching (368.06,29.40) mg respectively which was significantly different from other treatments. When determining the alkaloid compound capsaicin by HPLC, Its amount in the callus was found to be 3.8 μg/g after being treated with a nano dose of 0 mg/L. an increase of 1.5 fold over the quantity in the
... Show MoreBased on naproxen, in this study, a new series of 1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-thiol derivatives was prepared through the esterification of the carbonyl group (of naproxen) using thionyl chloride as an auxiliary agent with methanol, and then naproxen hydrazide was made, to be obtained using (CS2) and a basic media convert it to the potassium salt of dithiocarbazate. It was oxidized with concentrated sulfuric acid to a compound containing the thiol thiadiazole ring, and finally, through an alkylation reaction, the final compounds were produced (Gh1, Gh2, Gh3, Gh4). These compounds were characterized using infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. Then, the anti-inflammatory effectiveness was evaluated in vivo by inducing acut
... Show MorePsoriasis is a dermatological, chronic, immune-mediated condition. Psoriasis symptoms are not associated with physical burden only, but it may also have psychosocial effects on patients, diminished cognitive control, poor body image and impairments in everyday life. The value of quality of life is important since improving it is the principal goal for non-curative disease. The aim of the current study was to evaluate quality of life in a sample of Iraqi patients with psoriasis. This study is a cross-sectional study that involved 300 already diagnosed psoriasis patients who attended to the center of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical City/Baghdad. The mean age of patients was (35.156 ±10.549 years). The Arabic version of Dermatology Li
... Show MoreAbstract
The present study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and experience of off-label prescribing practice among physicians in Baghdad city hospitals. This cross-sectional study was performed through the period from November 1st 2018 to March 2019 at 17 hospitals, a self-administered questionnaire was utilized to collect data from the physicians, and the targeted hospitals were randomly selected at different regions in Baghdad City area. Out of the 400 distributed questionnaires to the physicians, 383 of them were returned completed, 57.2% indicated that they were reasonably familiar with the term “off label drug”, 57.7% mentioned that the most common medical reasons for the prescribing o
... Show Moreأن ظاهرة الهجرة غير الشرعية تعد ظاهرة عالمية تهدد أمن وأستقرار غالبية الدول، هذا الأمر دفع المجتمع الدولي إلى بذل الجهود والتعاون من أجل مكافحتها أو الحد من آثارها السلبية وقد تم ذلك خلال وضع العديد من الآليات على الصعيد الدولي والاقليمي للقضاء على ظاهرة الهجرة غير الشرعية.
The main objective of this study is to experimentally investigate the effect of the CMC polymeric drag reducer on the pressure drop occurred along the annulus of the wellbore in drilling operation and investigate the optimum polymer concentration that give the minimum pressure drop. A flow loop was designed for this purpose consist from 14 m long with transparent test section and differential pressure transmitter that allows to sense and measure the pressure losses along the test section. The results from the experimental work show that increasing in polymer concentration help to reduce the pressure drop in annulus and the optimum polymer concentration with the maximum drag reducing is 0.8 kg/m3. Also increasing in flow rate a
... Show MoreBiomass is a popular renewable carbon source because it has a lot of potential as a substitute for scarce fossil fuels and has been used to make essential compounds like 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). One of the main components of biomass, glucose, has been extensively studied as a precursor for the production of HMF. Several efforts have been made to find efficient and repeatable procedures for the synthesis of HMF, a chemical platform used in the manufacturing of fuels and other high-value compounds. Sulfonated graphite (SG) was produced from spent dry batteries and utilized as a catalyst to convert glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Temperature, reaction time, and catalyst loading were the variables studied. When dimethyl sulfo
... Show MoreBlockchain technology relies on cryptographic techniques that provide various advantages, such as trustworthiness, collaboration, organization, identification, integrity, and transparency. Meanwhile, data analytics refers to the process of utilizing techniques to analyze big data and comprehend the relationships between data points to draw meaningful conclusions. The field of data analytics in Blockchain is relatively new, and few studies have been conducted to examine the challenges involved in Blockchain data analytics. This article presents a systematic analysis of how data analytics affects Blockchain performance, with the aim of investigating the current state of Blockchain-based data analytics techniques in research fields and
... Show MoreRheumatoid arthritis (RA) occurs through joint inflammation and affects approximately one in 200 adults worldwide, with women affected two to three times more frequently than men. The design of this study is to examine serum levels and changes in immunological markers in Iraqi patients with RA. To evaluate the advantages of clinical biomarkers of autoimmune disorderliness as well as changes in some immunological markers and clinical outcomes associated with Iraqi rheumatoid arthritis patients. Interleukins-3 and 5 (IL-3 and IL-5) were quantified by ELISA assay kits in the serum of 60 patients with RA disease (age range 20–60 years) and 30 age-matched healthy control groups. The BMI (body mass index), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocy
... Show MoreThis study aims to evaluate the concentration of the heavy metals (Co, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and their ecological risk in soils adjacent to the power generators of Ramadi city, Iraq. The soil samples were collected from a depth of 20cm. The obtained results showed that the mean concentrations of heavy metals (HMs) are ranked as in the following order: Cr (360.90mg/kg) > Ni (283.65mg/kg) > Zn (190.96mg/kg) > Pb (130.75 mg/kg) > Cu (36.54 mg/kg) > Co (16.62 mg/kg) > Cd (2.55 mg/kg). The mean values of HMs concentration exceed the international guidelines. The result of correlation matrix analysis at P £ 0.05 showed significant correlations between the concentrations of HMs. These correlatio
... Show Moreالشروط الموضوعية لإمكانية العقاب هي وقائع قانونية او مادية – ايجابية او سلبية - تخرج عن نشاط الجاني يعلق المشرع على تحققها اللاحق على تكوين بعض الجرائم امكانية تطبيق العقوبة على الجاني، ولكن على الرغم من انها تعد وقائع ذات طبيعية موضوعية تقترب وتتداخل مع كثير من الانظمة والحالات، الا انها تتميز بذاتية معينة تفرقها عن كل حالة قد تتشابه او تقترب منها ظاهرياً. لتوضيح الغموض الذي يمكن ان يحيط بهذه الشروط، والذي
... Show Moreالحوكمة الضريبية مجموعة من الوسائل القانونية التي توجه الإدارة الضريبية للتعامل بحسن نية مع المكلفين تقوم على الشفافية والنزاهة والمساءلة مع ضمان تحقيق العدالة الضريبية وتعمل على ادخال وسائل متقدمة تتعامل بموجبها مع أصحاب المصلحة كافة .
ونحاول في هذه الدراسة بيان تأصيلها وطبيعتها القانونية من خلال القاء الضوء على موقف بعض المنظمات الدولية والتشريعات الداخلية منها في اطار المالي
... Show MoreDiabetes mellitus can be defined as a metabolic disorder disease .Complication of diabetes are due to diabetic nephropathy .This study was done in vitro to study the effect of different concentrations of erlotinib inhibitor ( tyrosine kinase inhibitor) on electrolyte levels (MgâºÂ²,CaâºÂ²,Naâº) in sera of Iraqi patients with newly diagnosis type2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy in addition to find the best percentage inhibition for utilizing different concentrations from erlotinib (6.97x10â»â·, 9.30x10â»â· ,1.16x10â»â¶,1.39x10â»â¶ ,1.62x10â»âµ )molar on electrolyte levels . This study was conducted in The National Diabetes Ce
... Show Moreالمعايير المنطقية لنظام الشكل في الخزف
Traditional programs and the tedious and financially costly processes they require are no longer the best choice for content makers. The continuous development and development have led to the emergence of competitive software that offers capabilities that are more suitable for aesthetic needs, as it breaks down stereotypical frameworks from the familiar to the unfamiliar to be more suitable for graphic subjects in terms of dealing with the requirements of the digital content industry. Video for communication platforms, as it has more advantages than traditional software and the flexibility and high quality it offers at the level of the final product, All of this contributed to supplementing the image with aesthetic employments with data
... Show Moreيعتبر الحوار أحد الركائز الأساسية للبناء الدرامي فمن خلاله يمكن أن نتعرف على الفكرة الرئيسية للعمل الدرامي كما يفصح عن أبعاد الشخصيات وطبيعة الصراع الذي تخوضه، والكاتب الدرامي الجيد هو الذي يستطيع أن يكتب حوار جميل وبليغ ويتضمن قيم فكرية وجمالية ودرامية. لذا هدف البحث الحالي التعرف على كيفية (توظيف الحوار جمالياً في الدراما العراقية) ولتحقيق هذا الهدف استخدمت الباحثة منهج البحث الوصفي واختارت عينة قصدية ه
... Show MoreBrainstorming is considered as one of the manners that develop learners' mental abilities. Besides, it can help learners get a lot of ideas and thoughts. And by following applied steps to answer the problem concerned, the researcher carried out this practical study aimed at:Developing the ideas of design of third year students/Institute of Fine Arts/Evening Studies- Baghdad/First Rusafa by employing Brainstorming mechanism to develop the ideas of design of institute students in designing the technical advertisement and to achieve the authenticity of the goal of the research, Department of Plastic Arts/Institute of Fine Arts/Evening Studies/Baghdad-First Rusafa was chosen as a case study for the research. It embraced (20) students who rep
... Show MoreThe study dealt with the design of tourist resting units in the Iraqi Marshes in contemporary design methods while preserving the heritage. The first chapter contained the research problem which is the important event of the inclusion of the Marshes in the World Heritage List. This research is important because it aims to develop the tourist reality of the Marshlands. The second chapter dealt with three sections the first of which is tourism in the marsh environment, the second one dealt with the structure of tourist space and the third dealt with the design methods of the tourist resting units in the Iraqi marshes.
The most important results of the research are the following: the sample models have taken desig
... Show MoreSongs hawkers or steadfast in the market of the most important sources of musical heritage, most notably the popular influence in people's lives and their careers cultural, as history records for Those tunes Chorales and invested by the vendors to attract these people in order to promote their goods and for marketing.This study reviews a brief history of those tunes drafted by the innate taste stems from folk music with the rhythms of vigor and vitality originated and grew up on the audio format is consistent with the need for people eager to hear the tunes left moved the feelings and send to communicate with the idea that came from her.As contemplated in the study models of those melodies and recording musician with the installation of
... Show Moreالفضاء المسرحي (السينوغرافيه) ومهمة تشكيل خشبة المسرح في العراق
Over last decade, rapid growth in economic and population accompanied with depletion of the energy resources lead to serious impacts on environment and humanity. This development coupled with active constructions, which in some examples ignore the impact on the environment and human activities. Therefore, principle of sustainability has required in order to reducing this negative impact on the environment and the humanity.In developing countries, it seems that there is a huge gap between the current construction practices and sustainable principle, which need more attention to clarify and define the problems in order to find suitable solutions before it comes more difficult and expensive. The study aims to choose one of the develo
Our study comes up to clarify the role of television in spreading the culture of violence with a child. This study represents one of the important studies that have tried to highlight the impact of these programmes, particularly cartoons, on the child's behaviors, actions and acquired habits.Violence considers a common phenomenon among the people, as the role of the media, particularly TV has a vital role due to its properties, characteristics and its significant impact on different segments and groups in society and in children particularly through exposure to programmes of films.The results of the study have been affected by the rising proportion of females to males, and that the contribution of real life has a big role in the child ac
... Show MoreThis research study of influence of Chinese thought on porcelain in the tang and song period, the study came into four sections, which are:
* First section contains general framework of the research, which include the problem, which is represented by following of questions:
1- Is there intellectual and ideological dimensions in Chinese porcelain?
2-What are the mechanisms and techniques of Chinese porcelain?
.the importance of this research and the need counted as a study providing cognitive addition into the Chinese arts field, especially ceramics of the Chinese. The aim of the research included of areas of artistic creativity in Chinese pottery and ceramics according to the bases of construction and composition. As the impo