The present study was undertaken to evaluate the use of ionizing radiation in decontaminating the
total microbial burden of Capsicum peppers (Capsium annuum), Caraway (Carum carvi), and Clove
(Dianthus caryphyllus). The spices were irradiated in polyethylene bags with 5KGy and 10KGy of
gamma radiation from Co-60 irradiator. Total number of bacteria and molds survived per gram of
spices after irradiation were calculated. Results showed that 5KGy gamma radiation reduced the total
number of bacteria by 95-98% and the number of molds and yeast by 62.8-98.2%, while 10KGy
reduced the total number of bacteria by 95.5-99.9% and the number of the molds and yeast by 67-
99.7%. These percentages are accepted within the maximum

From Ministry of Health records from 1989-1995, Giardiasis in human being was recorded betw

Title: Arabic Manuscript, Concepts and Terms and Their Impact on Determining Its Historical beginnings and extension of its existence.

Researcher: Dr. Atallah Madb Hammadi Zubaie.

Bn the name of Allah Most Merciful

The interest in manuscripts and rules  of their investigation and dissemination appeared soon, and the speech in editing terms and concepts appeared in sooner time.  When looking at the classified books  in the Arab manuscripts , we find the books of the first generation  did not allude definition for this term  , but rather  focused on  the importance of manuscripts and their  existence locations, indexing, care, and verification rules. The  reason for this is that the science of Arabic manuscrip

Analytical model is used in this paper to predict the load carrying capacity of structural concrete members under flexural and normal force which can be concentric or eccentric. The analysis is based on requirement of equilibrium and compatibility of strain in concrete and steel or FRP. The adopted model is based on the real stress strain diagrams for materials. In accordance with this model, the member cross section is covered by a mesh with the smallest cells. After that, stress or strain is determined in each cell and the integral is substituted by the process of summation to define the elements of stiffness matrix. The force vectors equations have nonlinear behaviour. However, in this model, these nonlinear equations are changed to l

Experimental model was done for pile model of L / D = 25 installed into a laminar shear box contains different saturation soil densities (loose and dense sand) to evaluate the variation of pore water pressure before and after apply seismic loading. Two pore water pressure transducers placed at position near the middle and bottom of pile model to evaluate the pore water pressure during pullout tests. Seismic loading applied by uniaxial shaking table device, while the pullout tests were conducted through pullout device. The results of changing pore water pressure showed that the variation of pore water pressure near the bottom of pile is more than variation near the middle of pile in all tests. The variation of pore water

Most available methods for unit hydrographs (SUH) derivation involve manual, subjective fitting of
a hydrograph through a few data points. The use of probability distributions for the derivation of synthetic
hydrographs had received much attention because of its similarity with unit hydrograph properties. In this
paper, the use of two flexible probability distributions is presented. For each distribution the unknown
parameters were derived in terms of the time to peak(tp), and the peak discharge(Qp). A simple Matlab
program is prepared for calculating these parameters and their validity was checked using comparison
with field data. Application to field data shows that the gamma and lognormal distributions had fit well.<

Low bearing capacity of weak soil under shallow footings represents one of construction problems.
Kaolin with water content converges to liquid limit used to represent the weak soil under shallow
footing prototype. On the other hand, fly ash, which can be defined as undesirable industrial waste
material, was used to improve the bearing capacity of the soft soil considered in this research. The soft
soil was prepared in steel box (36×36×25) cm and shallow square footing prototype (6×6) cm were
used .Group of physical and chemical tests were conducted on kaolin and fly ash. The soft soil was
improved by a bed of compacted fly ash placed under the footing with dimensions equal to that of
footing but with different de

A key characteristic of diesel engines is predicting the ignition delay period. This work predicts the ignition delay in diesel engines using combinations of ethanol/diesel fuel blend and pure diesel as fuel replacements. It provides an empirical formula for predicting delay periods.  A growing interest in alternative fuel blends, representing a substantial shift from the use of traditional diesel fuel, is reported. Modern study is focused on examining these combinations and how they might affect the dynamics of combustion in diesel engines. Experiments were carried out utilizing five different ethanol/diesel fuel blends, including pure diesel, with ethanol percentages varying from 5% to 20% in 5% quantities. Tests we

Abstract: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the widespread chronic liver diseases; it is ranging from simple fat buildup in the liver (steatosis) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) presence of inflammation and hepatocyte injury.                                                                                                                                        &nb

       تتكون مالية الدولة من مجموعة حقوقها التي تكون لها قيمة مادية، ومن بين تلك الحقوق وابرزها تلك التي تترتب لها في ذمة الغير بعدِها ديوناً واجبة الوفاء من قبل المدين بها. ولما كان امتناع المدين عن الوفاء امر متصور الوقوع عقلاً وعملاً ولما كانت الدولة في حاجة دائمة الى الأموال لإدارة أنشطتها المختلفة فتظهر في هذه الحالة ضرورة تمكينها من استيفاء ديونها المترتبة في ذمم الاخرين الممتنعين عن الو

إن الدول قد تمر بأزمات صحية تهدد أمنها وسلامة نظامها العام ،كإنتشار وباء فهذا الأمر يعطي للسلطة التنفيذية الحق بإتخاذ تدابير وقائية للسيطرة على مقاليد الأمور ،كحظر التجوال و الحجر الصحي، وإن قانون العقوبات العراقي  ضمن نصوصا عقابية لمخالفي هذه التدابير في المواد(368)،(369)،(240) من قانون العقوبات العراقي رقم(111) لسنة1969، وكذلك قانون الصحة العامة العراقي رقم (89) لسنة1981 تضمن جزاءات إدارية لنفس المخالفات، فتظهر ال

Receipt date:08/26/2020 accepted date:9/8/2020 Publication date:12/31/2021

 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

        The research entitled (Moderation in Omani External Political Behavior 1970-2020. contained introduction and two sections conclusion and recommendations. The introduction included a general overview of the topic, and the importance of the political behavior o

A PID controller satellite attitude yaw-axis control system was designed to step the angle of the satellite body via actuating a precise angular position of a DC motor as quickly and accurately as most optimally possible. The (PID) controller was advantageously chosen for its quick transient response and zero steady-state error. A mathematical model has been derived for the whole satellite attitude yaw-axis control
system. Then, the computation power of the MATLAB is utilized to obtain a generalized optimal controller design that enables the satellite attitude yaw-axis control system to have the quickest settling time without excessive overshoot and zero steady state error.

لما كانت القواعد الدستورية التي تقرر ان السيادة للشعب وهو مصدر السلطات, تقتضي بوجوب التفرقة بين السيادة التي ينفرد بها لشعب وبين ممارسة السيادة من قبل الحكام حيث يتعين ان تمارس في اطار الحدود المقررة بالدستور والقانون, والا فالمسألة هي الجزاء على من لا يلتزم.

ولما كان الاتهام كإجراء يتضمن اسناد افعال محددة دستورياً, فان الدساتير تكفلت بتحديد الجهة التي تتولى مهمة توجيه الاتهام الى الرئيس واعضاء السلطة

هدفت الدراسة إلى بناء مقياس للمعرفة الإدارية لمديري منتديات الشباب والرياضة في بغداد، والتعرف على مستواه من وجهة نظر العاملين، إذ تكمن المشكلة في محاولة من الباحثان للإجابة عن تساؤل محدد هو: هل يتمتع مديرو منتديات الشباب والرياضة في بغداد بالمعرفة الادارية الكافية والتي تؤهلهم لإدارة هذه المؤسسة الحيوية العاملة في المجال الرياضي بغداد؟. وإنتهج الباحثان منهج البحث الوصفي بأسلوب العلاقات الإرتباطية على عي

The current research aims to determine the requirements of Trends of International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS 2019) and to find out the extent to which the content of science textbooks for grades (1-4) in the Sultanate of Oman includes the requirements of (TIMSS 2019). Only the content dimension has been taken into account when conducting the content analysis. The study population includes all science books from the first to the fourth grade for the academic year 2021-2022. The study identified and organized the requirements in the study tool, which is a list of requirements of (TIMSS 2019). The results showed a general deficiency in all grades (1-4) in the content dimension including many main topics, subtopics, and objectives

Back ground: One out of six children in the
world today is involved in child labor, doing
work that is damaging to his or her mental,
physical and emotional development.
Objective: Assessment of some health
problems among the studied working children.
Method; A cross-sectional study was
conducted in Al Amen Primary Health Care
(PHCC) during the period from January to
August 2009, a sample of 6048 children were
selected randomly(3218girls and2866 boys age
between 5-17 years ) and interviewed to collect
information using a structured questionnaire
form, information related to different aspects
of child labor prevention were included in the
form as well as a general medical examination
and lab

     This study was designed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus spp on the histology of cecal tonsils in broiler chicks exposed to heat stress. eighty broiler chicks were divided randomly into four groups equally and treated as follows: 1^st group was administred orally with 1×10⁸/0.1 CFU/ml of (L.B.) at one day old, 2^nd group was treated as 1^st group but at 21 days old, and 3^rd group (control positive), all three groups were exposed to heat stress (38-40Cº) for period 10 days for three hours continuously, 4^th group (control negative) was kept under natural condition. Organ samples from cecal tonsils were taken for histopathological test after

استخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي وكانت عينة البحث مباريات المنتخب العراقي المشارك في البطولتين وكانت 9 مباريات وتم تحليل 7 مباريات فقط حيث كانت النسبة المئوية 77.78%، واستخدمت الاجهزة والادوات المختلفة وتم استخدام الادوات والاجهزة المختلفة واعداد استمارة التحليل وتحتسب الهجمة عندما تعبر الكرة خط المنتصف واللاعب العراقي مسيطر عليها قام الباحثان بعرض مباراة واحدة على شاشة الكمبيوتر من اجل احتساب عدد التكرارات

التعددية الحزبية في العراق في ظل غياب قانون الاحزاب

يعد سوق الأوراق المالية فضاء رحب لعمل المصارف بوصفها وسيط يمارس تداول الأوراق المالية لصالح عملاءه، ولما كان الوسيط كشخصية معنويه عبارة عن مصرف، فكان لا بد لهذا البحث من استعراض قواعد الحوكمة التي يلتزم بتطبيقها المصرف الوسيط ، سواء على مستوى تنظيم شخصية الوسيط وتعيين العاملين ضمن هذه الوظيفة، والالتزام بالشروط التي يلزم توافرها في شخصية الوسيط ومساعديه ، أو تطبيق قواعد الحوكمة المصرفية على مستوى المهام

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على مستوى استخدام إدارة المعرفة و تكنولوجيا المعلومات لدى القيادات الإدارية تكمن مشكلة البحث في اهمال النساء لممارسة الرياضة بتقدم العمر يؤدي ذلك الى تدهور حالتهن الصحية والبدنية وبالتالي زيادة في اوزانهن وتراكم للشحوم في مناطق مختلفة من الجسم ومحدودية الحركة..... هدف البحث الى اعداد تمرينات للأيروبيكس والتعرف على تأثير هذه التمارين في بعض متغيرات اللياقة الصحية لكبار السن من النسا

     أجريت هذه الدراسة لمعرفة مدى صلاحية ثلاثة  أنواع  من الأسماك المجمدة المستوردة للعراق هي الأسماك الكاملة (التراوت القزحي) Oncorhynchus  mykiss علامة Mersin وأسماك الجري من دون رأس Pangasius  hypophthalmus علامة الصياد وشرائح سمك الجري) النوع نفسه (علامة الفاخر والمشتراة من  ثلاث مناطق في بغداد وهي العامرية والأعظمية والبياع أجريت الفحوص الكيميائية والنوعية لعينات الأسماك المجمدة إذ ق

A field experiment was carried out at the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad .during 2016. to investigate  the genetic diversity for six genotype of snake melon Cucumis melo var. flexuosus  (Qutha ), cultivated in Iraq. These selected genotypes were collected from Iraq's Governorates (Baghdad, Sulaymaniyah, Mosul, Salahadeein, and Diyala )in addition to commercial genotype and designated as A,B,C,D,E, and F, respectively. The treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications Genetic diversity among the six selected genotype was studied utilizin

This study was aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of onion (Allium cepaL.) aqueous extract against S. aureus bacteria isolated from patients with otitis media. Twenty swabs samples were taken from patients with otitis infection; these samples were cultured on different agar media .Results revealed that half of these isolates were related to S. aureus and the five of these isolates were subject to sensitivity test against several antibiotic groups. Most of isolates 100% were resistance to amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, cefoxitin and pencillin,

The biological adsorption technique was used with the powder of (Chara virgata, Cladophora  fuebllornei) algae with a dry weight of 0.5 g to treat water contaminated with heavy elements of lead, cadmium, copper, chromium and iron at the two following different locations in Baghdad: Al- Waziriyah Batteries factory, and Tanning & Leather Factory. The experiments were performed at a pH 6 and at a speed of 100 rpm in an electric vibrator. The chara virgata showed high removal ratios 100% of lead, cadmium, and iron respectively in the first half hour of the experiment, while the chromium and copper removal rates ranged from 74.6-100%, 73.2-

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer, organic root stimulator and gibberellic acid on some growth characters of peach saplings cv. Red June for two consecutive seasons 2017-2018 at College of Agricultural Engineering Science, University of Baghdad. Different nitrogen (Urea 46%N) rates (0,50,75 gm) with three concentrations of organic stimulator (0,0.5,1 gm.L^-1) and two rates of Ga3 (0,50 mg.L^-1) were applied in a factorial scheme (3×3×2). Results revealed that the individual and interactive effect of applying nitrogen, root stimulator and GA3 significantly increased the studied characters, the interaction at N2D1G1 has improve

The present experiment was carried out at the Dept. of Agricultural Machines and Equipment, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah.  The aim of the study is to highlight the effect of the nozzle type, working pressure and their interaction onto droplet quality using knapsack sprayer to improve their performance. Droplet characteristics were sampled on white paper cards at different distances from the nozzle. On the samples spray deposits, spray coverage, droplet size, and volume median diameter was measured using BSF tracer with water after their deposit on the sample. The main studied parameters were: Six nozzle types hollow cone, Flat fan ceramic, flat fan ISO, CFA, AirMix and flat fan air induction nozzle. Two worki

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of aqueous liquorice extract (ALE) on the growth performance, carcass cuts and intestinal histomorphology of broiler chickens between hatch and 35 days of age. A total of 160-d old (Ross 308) broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 4 treatments, each with 4 replicates, 10 birds per replicate. Four different levels of aqueous liquorice (0, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9g) were administrated to a liter of drinking water and offered to the birds throughout the entire experimental period. Across the 35 days of trial, administration of ALE to the drinking water resulted in higher (P<0.05) body weight and weight gain. While, feed intake, water intake and FCR did not influence by ALE administrat