In this research, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of various kernel functions employed in the estimation of nonparametric regression functions. In particular, we investigated the Nadaraya-Watson method and local polynomial regression techniques involving linear, quadratic and cubic forms. These methods were evaluated using five different kernel functions: Gaussian, Epanechnikov, uniform, triangular and quartic, collectively referred to as GEUTQ.

The main objective of the work was to determine the best estimators for non-parametric kernel functions. To achieve this, we performed a rigorous comparison with simulation methods, different regression models and different sample sizes. The evaluation of the pe

This work has been done to prepare a series of new alkene compounds derived from 4-thiozolidinones by substituting different aldehydes, P-acetamido-phenol, and 2-mercapto-benzoimidazole, which were used as starting materials to form ester [I]_a,b and then make hydrazides [II]_a,b, which were used to prepare 1, 3, and 4-oxadiazoles [III]_a,b, which were then used for prepared Schiff bases [IV]_a-f, The next step was the synthesis of 4-thiazoldinone derivatives [V]_a-f  from Schiff bases. The final step was the synthesis of alkenes [VII]_a-f, the prepared derivatives were identified with spectral methods (FT-IR, ¹H-NMR, mass, and CHNS). The antibacterial activity of th

Zerlokh bentonite is the main material for preparing ceramic specimens with Al₂O₃ additions. X-ray diffraction analyses were carried out on the raw material at room temperature. The specimens of additions that could stand up to 1250 ºC are stable. That is shown by analyzing the X-ray diffraction pattern after heat treatment of the specimens. The growth of new phases like cordierite, anorthite, and cristobalite has the highest percentage ratio of cordierite (76.43%) and mullite (40.28%). So the presence of refractory materials in the obtained samples strongly supports the possibility of using bentonite with additions in the ceramics industry for high temperatures. Therefore, it gave distinct physical and thermal str

Accurate prediction of activity location is a crucial component in various mobility applications and is particularly vital for the creation of customized, environmentally friendly transport systems. Next-location prediction, which entails predicting a user's forthcoming place by analyzing their previous movement patterns, has substantial ramifications in diverse fields, such as urban planning, geo-marketing, disease transmission, wireless network performance, recommender systems, and numerous other sectors. Recently, researchers have proposed a variety of predictors, including cutting-edge ones that utilize advanced deep learning methods, to tackle this problem. This study introduces robust models for predicting a user's future location

We have used Palm frond base Ash Waste Particles as a natural, safe, and non-toxic reinforcing material to enhance and improve the characteristics of the epoxy polymer matrix. We utilized Palm frond base Ash Waste Particles as a natural, safe, and non-toxic reinforcing material to enhance the characteristics of the epoxy matrix. Ash Waste Particles were used in weight fractions of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%. The outcomes showed that the process of reinforcing with Ash Waste Particles increased the tensile strength from 8.782 MPa to 23.253 MPa. Additionally, the hardness value increased from 58.875 (Shore D.) to 74 (Shore D.). For the pure sample, the thermal conductivity has decreased to 0.135 Wm^-1

A group of mice were captured. We divided the 3-month-old mice into groups. We limited each group to a specific type of treatment, using different components of silver (Ag) and gold (Au) in various proportions. The control group was left untreated. We stimulated her diabetes with injections of the substance alloxan, which led to the development of her condition. It was left for three days after the injection of this substance, and then the diabetes was checked with a diabetes testing device until all the required mice were infected with diabetes. Next, they removed the hair from the mouse's top and used a special tool, a ring with a diameter of 8 mm, to cut the skin. During the work, they used two types of anesthetics: ketamine and xylaz

         Determination of serum nerve growth factor (NGF) and vitamin B12 in Iraqi female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and assessment of the effect of disease duration on the development of nerve damage. In addition, NGF may be a predictive marker for nerve damage in SEL patients. The current study included 130 individuals whose ages ranged from 18 to 48 years old, 100 of whom were female patients with SLE and 30 individuals as controls. Each patient was diagnosed after undergoing a thorough clinical evaluation backed by laboratory testing by a board-certified rheumatologist. The patients were classified according to the duration of disease into 15  patients with a disease duration of less than 3 months (G1),

The aim of our current study was to identify the effect of particulate matter of both types (PM2.5 and PM10) resulting from hookah smoking on the hemopoietic system of workers (smokers) in closed cafes. This study included six stations (cafes) on the Rusafa side of Baghdad city and conducted a blood test that included a complete blood count (CBC). A multifunctional air quality detector measured both types of particulate matter in the morning peak and evening peak. The study included 30 men (workers and smokers) and 30 men (non-smokers), whose ages ranged from 20 to 40 years.

The study found that smokers had an increase in white blood cells and red blood cells, as well as an increase in the percentage of hemoglobin (HGB), hematocri

In this paper, the Quaternary Continuous Classical Optimal Control Problem (QCCOCP) for the Quaternary Linear Elliptic Partial Differential Equations (QLEPDEqs) is studied. The mathematical model for the proposed problem is formulated, and it consists of the QLEPDEqs, the Objective Function (OF), and the set of state controls. The method of Galerkin (MG) is used to prove the existence theorem of a unique state vector solution (QSVS) of the Weak Form (WF) for the QLEPDEqs when the Quaternary Classical Continuous Control Vector (QCCCV) is fixed. Furthermore, the existence of a Quaternary Classical Continuous Optimal Control Vector (QCCOCV) ruled by the QLEPDEqs is stated and proved. The Quaternary Adjoint Equations (QAJEqs) associated with

The most prevalent form of diabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is defined by hyperglycemia in the presence of hyperinsulinemia, which is brought on by insulin resistance and β-cell functional abnormalities of insulin secretion. The work aims to study the association of the SLC16A11 gene with T2DM; besides the 50  healthy individuals who served as the control group, 50  diabetic patients also had their blood drawn. Participants were divided into two groups based on the following criteria: A control group consists of 50 healthy participants between the ages of 20 and 70, while the patient group consists of 50 participants who were diagnosed with diabetes. The patient group had 58% male and 42% female participants, whereas the con

In this paper, we investigated the Bayesian estimation of the unknown parameter of the Inverse Rayleigh Distribution (IRD) under different priors, represented by the inverse gamma distribution, the inverse chi-squared distribution, and the standard Levy distribution as priors. We obtained the posterior distributions for the unknown parameter of IRD under the different priors based on the general entropy loss function (GELF). We assumed different values for the shape parameter of GELF. Also, the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) is used to estimate the scale parameter of IRD. Then, a study is conducted to obtain the results, based on the different parameters of Inverse Rayleigh distribution and sample sizes. We found tha

        The sensor aspect is one of the most critical disciplines due to its wide application in life. This work has studied the performance of the Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite, which was prepared by the synthesis of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) by the co-precipitation method through its precursors, which are ferric chloride and ferrous chloride. On the other hand, graphene oxide was synthesized using the Hummers method. Chemical sensing is a process that converts a chemical or physical change of a specific analyte into a measurable signal whose magnitude is usually proportional to the concentration of the analyte. The chemical sensor is an analyzer that responds to a particular analyte and reflects

In the present study, nanoderivatives were prepared for graphene sheets that were functionalized with triazoles, starting with the thermal treatment of a mixture of carbon disulfide and hydrazine hydrate, which afforded the thiacarbohydrazide (h5). Treatment of the latter with (salicylic and anthranilic) acid via a fuse heated in solid-state gave (h6) and (h7), respectively. Reaction of L-ascorbic acid with dry acetone in the presence of dry hydrogen chloride afforded the acetone (h1). Treatment of the latter with p-nitrobenzoyl chloride in pyridine yielded the ester (h2), which was dissolved in 65% acetic acid in absolute ethanol and yielded the glycol (h3). The reaction of the glycol with sodium periodate in distilled water at room tem

Polyacrylonitrile nanofiber (PANFS), a well-known polymers, has been extensively employed in the manufacturing of carbon nanofibers (CNFS), which have recently gained substantial attention due to their excellent features, such as spinnability, environmental friendliness, and commercial feasibility. Because of their high carbon yield and versatility in tailoring the final CNFS structure, In addition to the simple formation of ladder structures through nitrile polymerization to yield stable products, CNFS and PAN have been the focus of extensive research as potential production precursors. For instance, the development of biomedical and high-performance composites has now become achievable. PAN homopolymer or PAN-based precursor copolymer

        The importance of heterocyclic compounds has long been recognized, and the use of chemicals has remained constant, including in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals. Several lactam synthesis methods have been developed. Among the essential compounds in our lives are lactams from amines and aldehydes and the preparation of Schiff bases. Schiff bases are prepared in two ways, including the reaction of hydrazine and various aldehydes with tetraethylamine and the production of a Schiff base, which leads to the formation of two types of lactams and the preparation of a kind of reaction of different amines and aldehydes. Three techniques prepared the lactams, the first being Schiff bases with acetyl chloride and triethylamine as

The current study was conducted on six adult males of the Iraqi pin-tailed sandgrouse, Pterocles alchata, to determine the histological structure of the kidneys. The results showed that each kidney consists of three lobes: cranial, middle, and caudal. Histological results showed that the kidneys consist of the cortex and the medullary, and the cortex forms the majority of the kidney, which consists of large and small renal corpuscles. Each renal corpuscle consists of the Bowman capsule, glomerulus, the proximal convoluted tubule, which is  lined with simple cuboidal epithelium tissue with a brush border, the distal convoluted tubules, and the collecting tubules, which are lined with simple cuboidal epithelium tissue. The medull

Structural analysis is a branch of solid mechanics which utilizes straight forward models for solids. The main objective of Structural analysis is to find out the effect of loads on the physical structures and their components. A beam is a structure with a constant cross-section and is described by its significant length in comparison to its thickness and width. A cantilever, on the other hand, is a slender beam with a uniform cross-sectional shape that is fixed horizontally at one end and subjected to a load at the other end. Columns, which serve as vertical compression members in building frames, are susceptible to buckling and failure when subjected to relatively small axial loads. The analysis of loaded beams, cantilevers, and elo

Accelerated technological development has a significant role in highly increasing energy demand, which enhances the interest of companies and governments in adopting renewable energy sources and finding new technologies that enable the effective use of these sources, such as techniques for predicting the amounts of generated and consumed energy, technologies of energy storage, and others. The high complexity of energy networks also necessitates intelligent systems to manage energy production and distribution with high efficiency, which is based on intelligent data analysis techniques. This paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of the critical impact of intelligent data analysis techniques (Deep Learning and Machine Learning) in the man

  The novel (La-PAA) of the ligand 8-[3-(pyrazoyl)azo]Adenine (PAA) was synthesized with the molar ratio (1:3), which was appointed by using the mole ratio method. The C.H.N.S elemental analysis, magnetic measurement, thermal analysis, and spectral methods (UV-Vis, FTIR, and HNMR) were employed to support the mode of binding and geometrical structure for ligand (PAA) and (La-PAA) complex. The FTIR and 1H N.M.R. spectral results showed that the (PAA) acts as neutral N, N-bidentate with La (III), as well as the absorption results in specific octahedral structures for (La-PAA) complex. The thermal decomposition of the (PAA) ligand and its (La-PAA) complex performed many steps, and the (La-PAA) complex is more thermal stable than the free l

The aim of this work is an extension of the   -caps (  is the order, is the degree), where , in the three projective space of dimension over the Galois field of order thirteen, . The extensions have been done on the caps founded by action subgroups of projective general linear of order four over the finite field of order thirteen on .  The main condition for the completion of the expansion process on the degree of caps is  (number of points on the line in ) and the size  of the cap is points with a zero index zero, as it becomes complete when it is equal to zero. In this paper, we present fifteen caps (completes and incompletes) in  of degrees 2,3,4,7 are extended in size until they reach 14, which are then complete caps, and then

        The surface disintegration of metals and alloys in a particular surrounding environment is known as corrosion, in addition to its chemical qualities, corrosion processes change the physical and mechanical properties of a metal alloy. A new approach based on a unique material has been employed to prevent rusting. Conducting polymer-composites are material types that show promise for anticorrosion by electrochemical synthesis of polylimonene/metals oxide nanocomposite (ZnO,TiO₂) on Stainless Steel 304L, which plays as the working electrode by using the electropolymerization technique. The synthesized coating polymer was characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy checkups.

The recent study's goal was to use honey to reduce the acute effects of passive smoking on rats' pulmonary tissues. A total of 28 adult male rats were categorized into four groups: (1) control group; (2) rats were given honey (100 mg/kg BW/30 days); (3) rats were exposed to the cigarette smoke for 30 days; and (4) rats were given honey (100 mg/kg BW/14 days); previously,  the rats were exposed to cigarette smoke for 30 days. The mean Wet/Dry values were significantly higher in the KAR group than in the NC rats. While the PTV rats showed a notable decline in comparison to the KAR rats, the PTV rats showed no change with the NC rats. Also, after 30 days of exposure to KAR, we observed numerous changes in the rats' gross lung lesions and m

The growth of using electronic devices has led to the development of a new pollution type that has been referred to as noise, radio frequency interference, or electromagnetic radiation (EM). The identification of lightweight PMMA/Gr/Ag nanocomposites has led to the discovery of a new hybrid polymer composite. Electrical conductivity, High Electromagnetic (EM) Shielding Effectiveness (SE) in a frequency range of 8.20-12.40GHz (x-band), dielectric characteristics, and differential thermal analysis were used to examine PMMA/Gr/Ag. Using the solvent casting process, a hybrid PMMA/Gr/Ag nanocomposite was created. The hybrid composite's electrical conductivity demonstrates that D.C conductivity is around 1.6×10-6 S/ cm as concentration i

The study was conducted at Kirkuk University Library to investigate the noise levels. The researchers collected noise level readings at specific time points throughout the day, including morning, mid-day, and afternoon. The purpose of the study was to analyze the variations in noise levels and assess their impact. The findings of the study indicate that the average noise levels measured during the three-time points consistently exceeded the guideline limit set by the World Health Organization (WHO). The study provides valuable insights into the noise levels at Kirkuk University Library and emphasizes the need for interventions to address excessive noise. Implementing measures to reduce noise disturbances and promote a quieter environment

     This research sought early signs of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The current research's objectives are to identify collagenase-3 (CL-3) in RA patients with and without T2DM as a disease complication, compare these findings to those of a control group, and ascertain whether or not CL-3 correlates with all of the parameters that were examined in each group. In the present research, (150) participants all between the ages of 30 and 50 were divided into three groups: (G1) control (N=50), (G2) RA (N=50), and (G3) RA with T2DM (N=50). Collagenase-3, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), erythrocyte sedimentaion (ESR), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), and rheumatoid factor (RF) were all mea

This paper deals with the histological structure of the pseudobranch of mosquito fish (Gambusia holbrooki), which lives in an Iraqi environment. The laboratory placed the adult fish, both male and female, in a fishbowl. The head is fixed in solution Bouin′s aqueous; using the routine method that is colored with H&E stains. The microscopic slide observations show the pseudobranch in the adult is located in the cranial region on both sides of the head, It is a submerged type. The fish features some oval parts that are connected to each other by a thick connective tissue, forming a triangular cavity in the middle, and also features an irregular dashed line of melanophore. It bears resemblance to the respiratory gill

Amygdalin specifically represents the apricot (Prunus armeniaca) seed in the Rosacea family of plants. Except for cyanogenic glycoside, the seeds include a variety of substances, including trace minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates, organic acids, esters, phenols, and terpenoids. It is well known that bioregulators have the ability to control the activity of certain hormones and enzymes. The current study examined the effect of Iraqi apricot seed extract on physiological parameters in male rats, including blood parameters, hormone parameters, and antioxidant parameters, as well as histological studies of the spleen and testes. The study comprised four groups, each consisting of six animals. The animals in the control group received distille

      A new class of silicone polymers was synthesized based on dichlorodi(methyl)silane (DCDMS) with some organic compounds [M1-M6] containing terminal hydroxyl groups previously synthesized by different chemical reactions, and their nanocomposites were synthesized using silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs). All polymers were synthesized using condensation polymerization and characterized by FTIR and ¹HNMR spectra. The biological activity of silicone polymer P5 was evaluated using different weights of silver nanoparticles (1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%) against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive). The results showed that the higher the percentage of silver nanoparticles, up to 7%, t

     Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that causes pain in humans' joints during movement, especially in the elderly and many women. Since cartilage plays a major destructive role during OA incidence, its chemical components can serve as a sensitive biomarker for diagnosing the onset and severity of OA disease. Cartilage acidic protein 1 (CRTAC1) is a critical component of the cartilage's extracellular matrix. We have aimed to test the sensitivity of CRTAC1 to the prognosis of OA disease in pre-and post-menopausal women with OA disease. The results showed that the levels of CRTAC1 in the serum of pre-and postmenopausal women with OA disease were significantly higher than those in control groups of the same age. C-reactive

In this study, all 100 samples were collected from people suffering from burns, wounds, ear infections, blood, sputum samples, and urine from both genders. The specimens were collected from medical city hospitals during the period between September 2022 and January 2023. The results of culture and biochemical tests showed that 50 isolates were P. aeruginosa. The VITEK2 compact system confirmed the identity of 35 isolates. A VITEK2 compact system tested 35 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for drug susceptibility. These strains were resistant to Cefotaxime 25 (71.43%), Ceftazidime 25 (71.43%), Cefepime 25 (71.43%), Imipenem 22 (62.86%), Meropenem 23 (65.71%), 22 (62.86%), Gentamicin 22 (62.86%), Ciprofloxacin 18 (51.43%), and No