This research was aimed to investigate effect of the convection conditions resulted from surface heating at different weather condition on movement track of radiosonde. Data used in this study divided to surface local weather from Baghdad airport station and reanalysis weather surface data from European center medium weather forecast (ECMWF) that contain also advance parameter parameters such as sensible heat flux and boundary layer height and other, all have large accurate spatial distribution inside and outside Baghdad province. Third type data from radiosonde used to observed atmospheric upper layer through selected days from winter season (January month) and summer season (July month) all at time 12AM. Software installed in r

Genetic characterization in native livestock is essential to conserve the genetics standard of livestock for pure-breeding programs.  This research aimed to characterize four Indonesian cattle breeds using 156 sites of Parentage SNP Markers, includingARS-USMARC-Parent (119 sites) and ARS-USMARC (37 sites).  Total of 113 mixed-sex animals were used for the evaluation, including 16 Bali (Bos javanicus), 16 Madura (Bos indicus), 33 Ongole grade (Bos indicus), and 48 Sumba Ongole (Bos indicus) cattle breeds. Results showed Bali, Madura, and Ongole lineage (Ongole grade and Sumba Ongole) cattle can be discriminated against with the Parentage SNP Markers. The pairwise genetic distance analy

ان التدخل الدولي الإنساني بغض النظر عن مشروعيته أو عدم مشروعيته يهدف إلى استخدام القوة المسلحة وغير المسلحة لحماية حقوق الإنسان وحرياته الأساسية عند حدوث انتهاكات جسيمة لهذه الحقوق, والتي برزت ملامح هذا التدخل وتطوره خلال الفترة التي تلت الحرب الباردة وتأسيس النظام الدولي الجديد القائم على احترام حقوق الإنسان وتحقيق السلم والأمن الدوليين.

          وبغض النظر عن ذلك فأن الممارسات

The term "tight reservoir" is commonly used to refer to reservoirs with low permeability. Tight oil reservoirs have caused worry owing to its considerable influence upon oil output throughout the petroleum sector. As a result of its low permeability, producing from tight reservoirs presents numerous challenges. Because of their low permeability, producing from tight reservoirs is faced with a variety of difficulties. The research aim is to performing hydraulic fracturing treatment in single vertical well in order to study the possibility of fracking in the Saady reservoir. Iraq's Halfaya oil field's Saady B reservoir is the most important tight reservoir. The diagnostic fracture injection test is determined for HF55using GOHFER soft

Orthodontic tooth movement is characterized by tissue reactions, which consist of an inflammatory response in periodontal ligament and followed by bone remodeling in the periodontium depending on the forces applied. These processes trigger the secretion of various proteins and enzymes into the saliva. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the activity of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in saliva during orthodontic tooth movement using different magnitude of continuous orthodontic forces. Thirty orthodontic patients (12 males and 18 females) with ages 17-23 years with class II division I malocclusion all requiring bilateral maxillary first premolar extractions. Those patients were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the magnitude

Gas sensors are essential for detecting noxious gases that have a detrimental effect on people's health and welfare. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are the fundamental component of gas detectors. CQDs and graphene (Gr) were prepared using the electrochemical method. The gas sensitivity of these materials was evaluated at different temperatures (150, 200, 250 °C) to assess their effectiveness. Subsequently, experiments were conducted at different temperatures to ascertain that the combination of CQDs and Gr, with various percentages of Gr and CQDs, exhibited superior gas sensitization properties compared to CQDs alone. This was evaluated based on criteria such as sensitivity, recovery time, and reaction time.

Interestingly, the combin

تعد الفيتامينات من المواد الآمنة التي ليس لها ضرر على الانسان والحيوان وتستخدم من اجل تحسين نمو النبات وتكوين الازهار وهي عبارة عن مواد عضوية توجد بعدة صور وتعد من المكملات الغذائية الدقيقة والأساسية للنمو والانتاج السليم تقوم بوظائف مختلفة من خلال تكوين وبناء انسجة جديدة، وتشارك في العمليات الفسيوكيميائية وتكون ذات تأثير سريع وملموس لقيام النبات بوظائفه ونموه، فضلا عن اهميتها في ت

Free water surface constructed wetlands (FSCWs) can be used to complement conventional waste water treatment but removal efficiencies are often limited by a high ratio of water volume to biofilm surface area (i.e. high water depth). Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) consist of floating matrices which can enhance the surface area available for the development of fixed microbial biofilms and provide a platform for plant growth (which can remove pollutants by uptake).  In this study the potential of FTWs for ammoniacal nitrogen (AN) removal was evaluated using experimental mesocosms operated under steady-state flow conditions with ten different treatments (two water depths, two levels of FTW mat coverage, two different plant densities and

Cognitive stylistics also well-known as cognitive poetics is a cognitive approach to language. This study aims at examining literary language by showing how Schema Theory and Text World Theory can be useful in the interpretation of literary texts. Further, the study attempts to uncover how readers can connect between the text world and the real world. Putting it differently, the study aims at showing how the interaction between ‘discourse world’ and ‘text world’. How readers can bring their own experience as well as their background knowledge to interact with the text and make interpretive connections.       

Schema and text world theories are useful tools in cognitive stylistic stud

Background. To identify the most common retention protocols practiced by Iraqi orthodontists using a specially designed e-survey. Furthermore, this study aimed to assess the effect of sociodemographic factors on the participant’s choice. Methods. Two hundred and twenty-five questionnaires with 23 multiple choice questions were sent to members of the Iraqi Orthodontic Society. The questionnaire was organized into four sections representing information about sociodemographic status of the orthodontists, factors affecting the selection of the retention system, commonly used retainers in the upper arch and lower arch, and duration of the retention system. The chi-square test was used to test the significant association between differe

Drug solubility and dissolution remain a significant challenge in pharmaceutical formulations. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate repanglinide (RPG) nanosuspension-based buccal fast-dissolving films (BDFs) for dissolution enhancement. RPG nanosuspension was prepared by the antisolvent-precipitation method using multiple hydrophilic polymers, including soluplus®, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidine, poloxamers, and hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose. The nanosuspension was then directly loaded into BDFs using the solvent casting technique. Twelve formulas were prepared with a particle size range of 81.6-1389 nm and PDI 0.002-1 for the different polymers. Nanosuspensions prepared with soluplus showed a favored mean particle size o

Background: Among individuals who have a stenotic aortic valve, a precise assessment of aortic valve area is essential for clinical judgment. So far, no studies have been conducted to investigate and assess the role of the three dimensional echo-cardiography in the assessment of the valve stenosis. This study aims to compare and assess the precision of the measurement of the stenosis area of the aortic valve by 2D versus 3D echo-cardiography.

Steel–concrete–steel (SCS) structural systems have economic and structural advantages over traditional reinforced concrete; thus, they have been widely used. The performance of concrete made from recycled rubber aggregate from scrap tires has been evaluated since the early 1990s. The use of rubberized concrete in structural construction remains necessary because of its high impact resistance, increases ductility, and produces a lightweight concrete; therefore, it adds such important properties to SCS members. In this research, the use of different concrete core materials in SCS was examined. Twelve SCS specimens were subjected to push-out monotonic loading for inspecting their mechanical performance. One specimen was constructed from co

                The characteristics of sulfur nanoparticles were studied by using atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis. The atomic force microscope (AFM) measurements showed that the average size of sulfur nanoparticles synthesized using thiosulfate sodium solution through the extract of cucurbita pepo extra was 93.62 nm. Protecting galvanized steel from corrosion in salt media was achieved by using sulfur nanoparticles in different temperatures. The obtained data of thermodynamic in the presence of sulfur nanoparticles referred to high value as compares to counterpart in the absence of sulfur nanoparticles, the high inhibition efficiency (%IE) and corrosion resistance were at high temperature, the corrosion rate or weig

The novel Vierordt’s approach, or simultaneous equation method, was created and validated for the concurrent determination of vincristine sulfate (VCS) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) in pure solutions utilizing UV spectrophotometry. It is simple, precise, economical, rapid, reliable, and accurate. This method depends on measuring absorbance at two wavelengths, 296 nm and 278 nm, which correspond to the λ_max of VCS and BSA in deionized water, respectively. The calibration curves of VCS and BSA are linear at concentration ranges of 10–60 μg/mL and 200–1600 μg/mL, with correlation coefficient values (R²) of 1 and 0.999, respectively. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LO

أجريت تجربة حقلية في تربة مزيجية غرينية لمعرفة تأثير سماد الفيرميكومبوست Vermicompost ولقاح الرايزوبيا Rhizobium legumenosarum على نمو وحاصل نبات الماش وبعض صفات التربة بعد الزراعة بتصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة RCBD وبثلاث مكررات. وقد تضمنت تسعة معاملات (T1: المقارنة، T2: التوصية السمادية كاملة، T3: فيري

Acute toxicity is a step to evaluate the toxicity of a substance. Rutin is one of the flavonoid compounds with a variety of pharmacological effects. The aim of the study is to calculate the lethal dose that affect fifty percent of the mice used in the experiment (LD50). Thirty Swiss albino male and 30 non-pregnant female mice have been divided equally and randomly into 5 treated groups and one control group (n=5)  Rutin has been administered with  concentrations 5, 2.5.1.25,0.625 and 0.312 g/kg administered as a single dose intraperitoneally (IP) while the control group received 1% DMSO (IP).  Animals were observed for any morbidity and mortality for 14 days. After 14 days the animal blood collected for biochemical and hem

In the current study aquatic oligochaetes worms were collected monthly from five sites along AL- Abbasyia  river / Al-Najaf province, South Iraq for a period between February 2018 to  January 2019. Physical and chemical parameters for river water were examined which include: Air and Water temperature, pH ,Electrical conductivity ,Salinity, Dissolved oxygen , Biological oxygen demand and Sediment texture. The results showed a number of 5039 individuals of aquatic Oligochaeta were identified as three families Naididae ,Lumbriculdae and Enchytraaeidae .Tow species of Naididae Allonais pectinata (Stephenson, 1910)  and Dero (Dero) dorsalis Forroniere, 1899 are conside

. The concepts of structural flexibility became one of the important goals in the design phases to reach high performance in architecture. The pioneering projects and ideas that linked architecture with technologies and scientific innovations appeared, with the aim of reaching projects that mix the concepts of flexibility with the development of machine thought and modern technology to meet the functional, environmental, and aesthetic requirements for human wellbeing. The aim of this paper is to identify the mechanisms used in order to reach flexible structural systems capable of accommodating technological changes and developments. The research hypothesizes that the structural design according to the concepts of flexibility achieves high s

This study was aimed isolation and molecular detection of some causative agents of urinary tract infection (cystitis and pyelonephritis). Out of 108 tested urine samples (56 from females and 52 from males); 60 samples (55.55%) have infected with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 36 (64.2%) females and 24 (46.1%) males. The sixty infected samples contain from 56 E. coli and (4) K. pneumoniae, this samples identified by Vit

       The current study is an attempt to assess the cytogenotoxic potential of the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Borago officinalis on Swiss albino male mice. Young Swiss albino mice were orally administered with leaf ethanolic extract of Borago officinalis. Three mice groups were used using different doses of plant extract (T1: 100, T2: 200, and T3:400 mg\kg) in addition to the control negative group (untreated mice) for 7 days to assess mitotic index or 28 days to assess meiotic index.  The results revealed that the extract significantly induced the division of disruptive chromosomal changes in the bone marrow and the mean of abnormality was (3.5±0.47, 4.43±0.83, and 5.83±0.96%) for T1, T2, and T3 re

This paper features the modeling and design of a pole placement and output Feedback control technique for the Active Vibration Control (AVC) of a smart flexible cantilever beam for a Single Input Single Output (SISO) case. Measurements and actuation actions done by using patches of piezoelectric layer, it is bonded to the master structure as sensor/actuator at a certain position of the cantilever beam.
The smart structure is modeled based on the concept of piezoelectric theory, Bernoulli -Euler beam theory, using Finite Element Method (FEM) and the state space techniques. The number of modes is reduced using the controllability and observability grammians retaining the first three
dominant vibratory modes, and for the reduced syste