In this study, nickel cobaltite (NC) nanoparticles were created using the sol-gel process and used as an adsorbent to adsorb methyl green dye (MG) from aqueous solutions. The adequate preparation of nickel cobaltite nanoparticles was verified using FT-IR, SEM, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The crystalline particle size of NC nanoparticles was 10.53 nm. The effects of a number of experimental variables, such as temperature, adsorbent dosage, and contact time, were examined. The optimal contact time and adsorbent dosage were 120 minutes and 4.5 mg/L, respectively. Four kinetic models—an intraparticle diffusion, a pseudo-first-order equation, a pseudo-second-order equation, and the Boyd equation—we

  The term end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is often used to describe people who have the last stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and are undergoing dialysis or a kidney transplant for treatment. Hemodialysis (HD) is the most prevalent technique that is utilized to eliminate waste and other hazardous chemicals from the body. The study aims to assess the role of serum Urokinase plasminogen activator (UPA) levels among Iraqi hemodialysis patients. The study encompassed 50 patients aged 40–74 years (21 males and 29 females) admitted to the Iraqi dialysis center at Baghdad Teaching Hospital for the period from October 2022 to February 2023. They were diagnosed based on previous medical reports and laboratory and clinical tests by a cons

        Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has a high predisposition to many cardiometabolic risk factors that increase susceptibility to severe complications of COVID-19 and also exhibit an increased likelihood of subfertility. Therefore, women with polycystic ovary syndrome may be disproportionately affected by this epidemic and its related consequences. The accumulation of extra body fat that has the possibility of affecting health is referred to as obesity, which is the outcome of an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, whereby more calories are consumed than are expended through exercise. This study investigated the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and insulin resistance and other parameters in PCOS

One of the most efficient anthracycline anti-cancer medications, doxorubicin, is used to treat lymphoid malignancies. Intercalation with deoxyribonucleic acid is a key component of its primary chemotherapeutic mode of action, which can ultimately lead to heart failure. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether the ethanolic extract of Ammi majus had any cardioprotective effects against doxorubicin toxicity in mice. 48 mature Albino male mice were separated into six groups and distributed as follows: for 14 days, Group I: "negative control" received distilled water; Group II: mice received a single oral daily dose of 64 mg/kg of Ammi majus seeds extract; Group III: mice received a single oral daily dose of 1

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue that is linked to  early death and low quality of life. Management in its early phases may lead to better health results. Chronic inflammation related to  advanced CKD, as indicated by higher levels of different pro-inflammatory cytokines or impacted levels of acute-phase proteins. This study was carried out in order to assess the roles of interleukins (IL-3 and IL-22), some  kidney functions, complete blood count (CBC) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in CKD progression. Commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were utilized to calculate interleukin (IL-3 and IL-22) levels in the serum of 60 patients with CKD (age range 20-87 years) and 30

Baghdad is considered one of the most crowded cities, and it is the location of all government institutions, making it a destination for people from all other provinces. This results in increased traffic density, which in turn leads to increased emissions that contribute to air pollution in the form of gases and particulate matter. This study was conducted from July to December 2022 in the Karkh district of the city, where the Salahuddin highway was divided into five sites based on the presence or absence of plant barriers on either side of the road. PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 pollutant concentrations and climatic factors were measured at each site during morning and afternoon peak hours. The study found that concentrations exc

Nuclear energy levels in  with modest occupancy of the fp-LS shell have been studied within shell model calculations. The interactions used to determine the nuclear energy levels are FPD6, KB3G, and FPY using the fp shell and d3f7cospn for 1d3/21f7/2 model space. Results are compared with each other, and with the existing experimental data, there is clear agreement with some results. Aside from the excellent agreements in the replicated values of energy levels scheme, using model space interactions is the best-fitted two-body matrix element in the fp shell model space. Particularly below 3MeV, the overall estimation of the replicated data is excellent. The wave vectors and analysis are represented in the so-called diagrammatic notation,

   A global scientific study found that reducing the excessive and indiscriminate use of antimicrobial medicinal drugs in all their forms significantly improved food safety. We made aqueous and organic extracts (Ex1, Ex2, and Ex3) from two plants (Origanum majorana and Matricaria chamomilla) to create the best alternative form for antimicrobial preventive agents that cause food spoilage. Traditional methods determined the most essential compounds in plants, and we used the FTIR analysis technique for all treatments to observe impurities such as glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, and phenolic substances. This study points to synergistic activity for plant extracts (Origanum majorana and Matr

Manganese dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized by the green method using leek with Manganous Sulphate Monohydrate, (MnSO₄.H₂O) in an environmentally friendly manner. The obtained MnO₂ particle was characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), field scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and (UV-Visible) spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed peaks belonging to manganese oxide nanoparticles; 34.07 nm is the average crystalline size. From the field-scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) image, the surface morphology shows that the nanoparticles are spherical and rocky in shape. An atomic force microscopy (AFM) atomic force microscope was used to show MnO_2<

  The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of waste water from the Dora refinery's treatment unit on tomato Lycopersicon esculentum grown in three types of soil taken from the same area, with consideration to the number of leaves, lycopene, and beta-carotene content in tomato yield, as well as the plant's ability to absorb the toxic compounds furfural and -1, 2 dibromoethane. The experiment was carried out using pots in the glass house belonging to the Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences/Ibn Al-Haytham, University of Baghdad, for the seasons 20/9/2022–19/3/2023. The experiment included 45 treatments with 3 types of soil (clay, mixed, and sandy), and each type of soil had 5 treatmen

Requirements elicitation is recognized as one of the most critical activities in the software development process as it has an impact on its success. Studies such as the CHAOS Report, a study based on The [Standish Group]'s CHAOS Research Project on IT project success rates and project management best practices report, indicate that about half of the factors associated with project success are related to requirements. Previous studies showed several problems related to requirements elicitation. This paper tried to find out the existing requirements models for software projects and how to develop a new requirements model for software projects. The requirements system was developed by Visual Studio 2019. Online model verification was condu

This study was conducted on the Juncaginaceae family in Iraq, which is a small monocot family of mostly coastal and wetland annual and perennial herbs of almost cosmopolitan distribution and represented by four genera, which are Triglochin, Lilaea, Maundia, and Tetroncium. There are approximately 25–35 species in the world. In Iraq, the family is represented by a single species, Triglochin palustris L. The T. palustris is characterized by perennial herbs, rhizome short, clothed with sheaths of old leaves. Stems are simple, erect or ascending, and 30–35 cm tall. Leaves are narrowly linear and semi-terete, inflorescence racemes, flowers are dark purple. Fruit is closely appressed t

This article presents a comprehensive theoretical study of the electronic properties of tin oxide (SnO₂), with a particular focus on its band structure and carrier mobility. Through the utilization of density functional theory (DFT) and advanced computational methods, we delve into the intricacies of the electronic behavior of SnO₂ . By solving the Schrödinger equation and the Kohn-Sham equation, we calculate the electronic energy eigenvalues and wave functions, which provide valuable insights into the band structure, effective mass, and carrier mobility of SnO₂. Our findings contribute to a solid theoretical foundation for further experimental investigations and technological advancements in this field.

In this work, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were created utilizing a plasma jet method and 0.5 gm/mol of gold salts (4H2O•HAuCl4) with varied flow diameters (0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1 mm, and 1.2 mm). The gas flow changes according to the system diameter (2,2.4,3.4, and 3.6 L/min, respectively). X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet, visible spectra, and FESEM were each used to investigate the nanoparticles. The XRD pattern revealed that the film's extreme peaks reflect crystallinity, with an average crystallite size of (18–26) nm and a face-centered cubic structure. The surface plasmon resonance for colloidal AuNPs produced in the UV was at 536–540 nm.A field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) was used to look at the morphology of the Au

     Proteus mirabilis is gram-negative bacteria that is considered responsible for urinary tract infections (UTIs), especially catheter-associated urinary tract infections. The samples of urine (119) were collected from Baghdad hospitals. Proteus spp was recognized by morphology, the Vitek-2 compact system, and the 16SrRNA gene. Antibiotic susceptibility test was also done using the vitek-2 system. The antibiotic resistance genes vim, imp, ndm, oxa48 and aac(6) were amplified using PCR. The Results were shown out of 35 isolates belonging to P. mirabilis, they appeared highest resistance against minocycline, ticarcillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and ticarcillin/ clavulanic wi

The large illnesses caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the more challenging therapy for antimicrobial resistance are both due to the organism's extensive spectrum of virulence factors and several mechanisms for antibiotic resistance. The aim of the study is to detect phenotypic and genotypic efflux pump genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In the current study, 100 wound samples were collected from both sexes and different ages for a period from May 2022 to November 2022 from Teaching Laboratories Hospital/Medical City, Martyr Ghazi Hariri Hospital, and Baghdad Teaching Hospital. 19 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were taken from wound infections. The samples were cultured on cetrimide agar and MacConkey agar

     In this paper, based on a linear relationship between the natural logarithms of the scale parameter and dose, nineteen models are constructed using the modified Weibull statistical model to describe the relationship of dose-response and time for multivariate dual-response life experiments with two-replicate. The real biological data set is considered to evaluate the response rates of breast cancer cells treated with the therapeutic zinc selenide prepared in two different ways (physically and environmentally/organically). The unknown parameters are estimated using two estimation methods. The mean square error is used to select the best model. The median lethal dose is then determined on the basis of a new formula at s

   The excessive and unwarranted use of pesticides at different stages of crop production can pose a great danger to the aquatic environment, and particularly to fish. Haematological parameters are indicated to be important for environmental pollution. Blood parameters respond to low doses of pollutants, so hematological changes in common carp fish are used for assessing the effects of contaminants. Toxicological effects of Goldate and Alexander individuals combined as a mixture were observed by monitoring hematological parameters in common carp fish. There were 3 concentration groups (1/10, 1/100, and 1/200) for every pesticide (Goldate, Alexander, and mixture of Goldate and Alexander)  exposed to juvenile fish (60–80 gm. in weigh

Recently, it has been revealed that Toxoplasmosis may be associated with some factors related to type 2 diabetes, such as glucose, insulin, the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistant (HOMA-IR), and Fatty acid binding protein (FABP). Therefore, the current study aimed to specify how Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii) infection affects glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and FABP among adolescents. From October to December 2022, this study was carried out at Al Madain Hospital in Baghdad. For a group of adolescents visiting the hospital, an ELISA test was performed to check their anti-T.gondii antibodies. Ninety adolescents were selected to participate in the study on the basis of this examination. They were divided

Staphylococcus aureus is an extracellular and intracellular microbe that can infect different mammalian cells like epithelial, endothelial, and osteoblasts. It is a source of recurrent infection and has persistently caused a variety of human diseases, like skin infections and systemic diseases such as osteomyelitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, bacteremia, sepsis, and toxic shock syndrome. Diagnosed (30) isolates of S. aureus have been taken from urine. A clinical sample has been done according to the culture on mannitol salt agar and biochemical tests, then identification through amplification of the 16srRNA gene by conventional PCR, detection of spa and eap genes by conventional PCR found all isolated to

In this paper, a theoretical model has been presented to calculate the rate of photon emission. The photonic yield has been calculated for the interaction of heavy charm quarks with gluon from Bremsstrahlung processes. The rate of photon emission was evaluated for the interaction of the charm quarks with the gluons 

In the present study, we intend to evaluate the effect of temperature on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of tin oxide. For this purpose, tin oxide micro-flowers were prepared by the hydrothermal method at two different hydrothermal temperatures of 130 and 150°C. The synthesized samples were investigated and characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Ultraviolet–Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The XRD results showed that the synthesized samples have single-phase crystallinity with a rutile structure. The mean crystallite size for synthesized Micro- flowers was calculated by the Debby-Scherrer equation and the values were 21 and 28 nm for 130 and 150°C respecti

One of the main complications in patients with Diabetes Mellitus is diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), a significant and common disease. The wound of a diabetic foot reduces  vascular supply and decrease host immune response, facilitating bacterial infection. The pathogen that is most commonly isolated in DFUs is Staphylococcus aureus. The purpose of this work was to identify S. aureus by conventional, biochemical, and molecular detection of the virulence factor genes in DFUs. This case cohort study was directed at Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital (AIsamawa, Iraq) and Medical City/Baghdad Hospital (Baghdad, Iraq) from January to July 2022, and it involved 140 patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Extraction of bacterial DNA from t

In this paper, we investigate a mathematical model of hematopoiesis, a process responsible for the regular replacement of circulating blood cells. Since differential delay equations are difficult to control analytically, numerous studies have considered the models as difference equations. The main objective of this work is to provide the necessary and sufficient conditions for oscillation. We address our problem mainly on the basis of oscillatory behavior. Moreover, the latest findings on the qualitative behavior of the biological mathematical model of discrete hematopoiesis are taken into account. More specifically, we explain the mathematical differential equation of discrete hematopoiesis. Moreover, certain significant, necessary and

Cryptography is a critical approach to secure data transmission and protection for authentication and privacy. It is a discipline related with communication system confidentiality. Recently, integral transform approach has been employed by many researchers to increase the power of encryption and decryption processes in cryptography. A group of practices known as information security are meant to stop unwanted access or changes to data. Cryptography is the sole thing preventing the hacker from reading protected data if they are able to bypass the security firewall, passwords, and other precautions put in place to keep them out. Thus, cryptography aids in data protection for both individuals and organizations. In order to prevent the ciphe

The study of cross-section and the neutron Yield of Gallium–67 isotope is a very necessary choice in the field of nuclear medicine, which is used in radiopharmaceuticals and for medical diagnosis and treatments. The cross-section of 68Zn (p,2n) 67Ga, 67Zn (p, n) 67Ga was calculated for different energies by using different sets of programs using MATLAB language. The cross-section was then used to calculate the neutron yields. The results of the neutron yield distributions have been used to generate polynomial expressions with incident proton energies. We also calculated the stopping power through the Ziegler formula using the computer program   (SRIM 2013) to calculate the two reactions mentioned above and also compared the results f

     The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a widely utilized signal in the prediction of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs). ECG signals have the ability to detect the heart's unusual rhythmic patterns, which are generally referred to as arrhythmias. A comprehensive examination of ECG signals is crucial for the precise identification of patients' chronic heart conditions. This literature survey investigates some of the most recent studies in cardiac research where researchers embarked on the arduous task of creating an ECG signal image model to identify possible signals signifying the presence of heart disease. This survey covers algorithms for fusing ECG signal features with deep learning methods to develop deep neural networks for predicting

Plasma and nanotechnology are potentially effective preventive measures against dental caries. This study aims to determine the impact of cold atmospheric plasma and PLGA/Xylitol nanoparticles on dental enamel microhardness and morphological changes in dental enamel ultrastructure. Methodology: In this study, 56 maxillary first premolars were divided into five groups: one control group, four study groups, each with 11 teeth; 10 teeth were examined for microhardness; and one tooth was examined using SEM. A circular window was placed on the buccal surface of each tooth. Following a PH cycling technique to activate caries lesions on the tooth enamel, cold plasma was performed using predetermined parameters. The PLGA/Xylitol nanoparticle con

        In this paper, a theoretical study was carried out to calculate the proton energy loss in human tissues (Adipose tissue, Blood, Bone (Compact), Bone (Cortical), Brain, Eye lens, Lung, Skin, and Testicles) within the energy range of 1 MeV to 1000 MeV. We calculated the total stopping power for each tissue element separately using the Bethe-Bloch equation, and then used Bragg's rule for compounds to determine the tissue's total stopping power. The total stopping power is directly proportional to the atomic number divided by the target material's atomic mass (Z/A) and target material density (ρ), and inversely proportional to the target material's mean excitation energy (I) and proton energy (E). The results indicate that th

In this study, after pyrolyzing the prepared solution, we made films from transitional tungsten oxide metal doped with gold nanoparticles and deposited them using a spray deposition technique on glass substrates at a substrate temperature of 320°C. We then annealed the prepared films at various temperatures (673,773 K) for one hour, in which we detected the band of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in gold-doped tungsten oxide films around the wavelength of 595 nm, and thermal treatment increased its intensity to near the wavelength of 580 nm. The produced and annealed thin films also demonstrated an indirect energy gap smaller than (2.86-2.61) eV in the UV-visible spectrum. The structural characteristics of the manufactured an