تعكس التحولات الوظيفية في أدوار ومهام القانون الجنائي والتطورات الاجتماعية والتاريخية المعاصرة الحاجة الملحة في استيعاب بعض الجرائم المستحدثة بشكل شامل بهدف تضمينها ضمن التشريعات الجنائية وتحديد العقوبات المناسبة لها ومن بين هذه الجرائم المستحدثة تبرز جريمة التمييز المؤسسي كشكل من أشكال التمييز العام والتي تحدث داخل المؤسسات القانونية نفسها وتستند عادةً إلى التفرقة غير المبررة بين الأفراد بناء على خص

Background: The flipped classroom educational model reverses the role of the traditional format of a classroom lecture from group learning to individual learning, and the educator guides students in the application of knowledge and building concepts. The objective is to evaluate the perception of students in a flipped teaching model versus didactic /traditional classroom model. The purpose was to assess the ability of the educator to enhance the academic achievement of students.

Subjects and Methods: The current study was conducted for a period of six months, in which second-phase medical undergraduates participated. Informed / ethical consent was taken before the study was initiated. A total of 1

     This study is planned to evaluate the efficacy of two biological matrices represented by autologous platelet rich fibrin matrix, as well as a cross linked decellularized caprine pericardial extracellular matrix on enhancing healing of the experimentally severed superficial digital flexor tendon in a goat model. It was carried out on 48 adult apparently healthy bucks, which were divided randomly into three equal groups. Under the effect of sedative and local ring block anesthesia, superficial digital flexor tendon was severed at the mid metacarpal region of the right forelimb. In the first control group, tenorrhaphy was performed and left without additives. While in the second group the tenorrhaphy site was wrappe

ظهرت المعاهدات الدولية منذ القدم لتنظيم العلاقات الدولية بين الدول متضمنة القواعد التي يتم الاتفاق عليها من قبل الأطراف، ومن خلال تلك القواعد يتم تنظيم تلك العلاقات وبيان أحكامها والالتزامات المتبادلة بين أطرافها، وبناءً على الهدف السامي الذي تحققه المعاهدات الدولية فقد أصبحت في وقتنا الحاضر من أهم مصادر القانون الدولي العام، وتؤدي دورًا مهمًّا في الحفاظ على وحدة المجتمع الدولي وتنظيمه وإدارة العلاقات

The political parties are considered to be the basic infrastructure in the political process for their great role in achieving the political movement in the country and to work on implementing the goals and interests of its voters in the event of their coming to power. If the parties that totalitarianism led to monopoly and monopolization, We can not talk in these countries about the liberal concept of the party and can not talk about the existence of a law or laws and regulations governing and regulate the work of parties. But on the other hand, which is represented by the liberal state, we find a lot of talk and practice about the form and nature of the legitimate law in regulating the formation of parties and their work in a manner th

هذه محاولة لاستقصاء فكرة الجوار في القانون الدولي، والمبدأ الذي يتردد ذكره بمناسبتها هو مبدا حسن الجوار.

تعتمد المحاولة - على خلاف ما جرت عليه العادة الى حد ما - على قراءات متنوعة في وثائق الدول والمنظمات الدولية، للتعرف على الاستخدامات الاصطلاحية لتعبير الجوار فيما ترتبط به من موضوعات على المستوى الدولي، فبدلا من أن نبحث عن نتائج بحوث سابقة في معنى الجوار ومفهوم حسن الجوار، فاننا قد عمدنا مباشرة الى عم

     This study was designed to isolate of Enterohaemoragic E.coli O157:H7 from feces and urine in cattle. 175 samples (80 fecal and 95 urine) were collected to isolate EHEC O157:H7 during the period from March to June 2014 from Al- Hindia slaughter house from local breeding cattle, aged between 1-2 years and over 2 years, and the samples were subjected to culture on specific media Cefixime Tellurit- Sorbitol MacConkey agar at 37 ˚C for 18-24 hrs. then the isolates were identified by biochemical tests (Indol test, Potassium cyanid test) and seriologically by Latex Kit test. The results showed that 73(91.25%) out of 80 fecal samples and 39(41%) out of 95 urine samples were E.coli O157:H7 positive, th

Experiment of  half diallel cross  among eight maize inbred lines was carried out during spring 2021.The varietal traits for F1 cross and parents with local hybrid were conducted during autumn 2021 Field of  College of Agricultural  Engineering  Sciences , University of Duhok, using Randomized  Complete  Block  Design with three replications .The results were revealed that the analysis of variance for genotypes and general and specific combining ability were significant effect on  studied traits , also the ratio of degree  of  dominance is  less  then one for all traits . The cross 7x8  gave the  heighest  value ( 219.35g)   for grain yield

 ظاهرة اللجوء من الظواهر الإنسانية الموغلة في عمق تأريخ المجتمعات البشرية، ففكرة اللجوء عند الإنسان انبثقت من خلفية معتقداته الدينية إزاء الكون المحيط به بكل ما فيه من أخطار تهدد أمنه واستقراره وأول لجوء له كان إلى الآلهة طالبا منها الحماية من القوى الشريرة وما تسببه له من أمراض وكوارث، والمجتمعات البشرية القديمة عبر تاريخها الطويل ألفت تلك الظاهرة فخرجت بصورة فردية أو جماعية هرباً من الجوع أو خوفاً من

This study was conducted to estimate the suction head at the wetting front T in the Green and Ampt infiltration equation using uniformly packed soil columns of three different - textured soils. Four different approaches were used for this estimation. Cumulative depths of infiltration I along with the visual wet front advance Z was recorded with time t. Soil water content profiles were also obtained by which the sharpness of the wet front was tested using an empirical model adopted from van Genuchten (1980) model for soil moisture-suction head relation. The Green and Ampt equation did fit the infiltration data very well with significant correlation of its parameter K with the physical measure of saturated hydraulic conductivity K. Four di

Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) are networks of wirelessly interconnected sensor nodes equipped with multimedia devices, such as cameras and microphones. Thus a WMSN will have the capability to transmit multimedia data, such as video and audio streams, still images, and scalar data from the environment. Most applications of WMSNs require the delivery of multimedia information with a certain level of Quality of Service (QoS). This is a challenging task because multimedia applications typically produce huge volumes of data requiring high transmission rates and extensive processing; the high data transmission rate of WMSNs usually leads to congestion, which in turn reduces the Quality of Service (QoS) of multimedia appli

A program of laboratory testing is carried out to study the performance of laterally loaded piles
embedded in soil, which contains cavities. The testing apparatus is manufactured for carrying out the
tests and a simple technique was used to simulate the cavities.
The program of testing consists of five groups: Group One was carried out on pile embedded in soil
without cavities. The Second and Third Groups are performed on pile embedded in soil contains
single cavity located in front and in touch with pile face for the Second Group and in back and in
touch with pile face for the Third one. Group Four is performed on pile with the existence of two
cavities located in front and in touch with pile face. Group Five

مع ظهور العديد من الوسائل التي يكمن في إستعمالها خطورة إستثنائية بالرغم من كونها اعمال مشروعة لا يحظرها القانون الدولي, إلا إنها تتسبب بأضرار جسيمة نتيجة هذه الخطورة. وحين وجد الفكر القانوني أن تطبيق النظريات التقليدية ستؤدي لا محالة إلى الحيلولة دون التنمية التي تستهدفها الدول وايقاف مسيرة التقدم التقني والصناعي للدول, بدأ البحث عن اسس اكثر انسجاما مع متطلبات الواقع المعاصر, من خلال ايجاد أساس قانوني للمس

Background: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a chronic lymphocytic autoimmune thyroid disease that results in gradual destruction of the thyroid gland. Interleukin-30 (IL-30) is one of the interleukins that controls inflammatory response since it enhances T-reg cells' suppressive function and induces IL-10 production. The aim of this study was to assess the serum level of IL-30 as an indicator for understanding the pathology of this autoimmune disorder.

Subjects and Methods: A single-center, case-control study was carried out on Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis patients who were admitted to the department of medicine at Al-Yarmook Teaching Hospital and Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Ir

The recent research aims to collect fungal fruiting bodies from the Iraqi environment / Baghdad Governorate /Al-Salihiya and diagnose them morphologically and molecularly using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.The fruiting bodies obtained from wild mushrooms were subjected to quantitative and qualitative analysis using HPLC to detect biologically active phenolic compounds in the fungus. The effect of some physical factors and conditions on the growth rate of fungal mycelium and its density was also studied in terms of (temperature, pH, type and concentration of materials used in preparing the media in addition to the effect of light and darkness factors). The results of BLAST analyses showed that there is a 99% match between

This research pertains to expand the formulation and applicability of using confinement and expansion due to Poisson’s ratio models for three dimensional non-linear finite element analysis of reinforced concrete members. A plasticity based model that acknowledges the asymmetric response of reinforced concrete under multiaxial stress conditions is used to account for the strength improvement under conditions of triaxial compression. Complex behavior of concrete such as compression softening and tension softening are incorporated to simulate concrete behavior. DIANA software is used for finite element analysis with the inclusion of confinement and
expansion effects. The concept of material pre-strains is extended to accommodate mod

Background: Candida albicans is a prevalent commensal that can cause severe health problems in humans. One such condition that frequently returns after treatment is oral candidiasis. Aim: the goal of this research is to evaluate the efficiency of 940 nm as a fungicidal on the growth of Candida albicans in vitro. Material and Methods: In vitro samples (fungal swabs) were taken from the oral cavity of 75 patients suffering from oral thrush. Following the process of isolating and identifying Albicans. The samples are divided into four groups:(Group 1): Suspension of C. albicans was put in a solution of saline as a control group. (Group 2): Suspension of C. albicans that had been treated wit

       The scientific heritage is an essential part of the civilization of nation , so Nations has focused on this aspect in the construction of civilization. So the Arab prosperous scientific achievements is no exception to this general rule in being an integral part of the composition of the Arab- Islamic civilization part ,and when we read in the Arab –Islamic medicine books ,we find the genius of the Arab and Muslims physicians and their own new methods of treatment they use music melodies in medication and treatment of patients

Up to date, in many foundation design problems (especially for piles foundation), the shear strength (skin friction) between soil and construction materials of the foundation was usually estimated or correlated without any direct methods for measurement.
The modern trend is to establish skin friction coefficients through laboratory experiments in which the factors influencing the results may be controlled quantitatively.
In this study strain controlled Direct Shear Tests were performed using shear to simulate the shear behavior area between concrete (foundation materials) and undisturbed over consolidated silty clay, to determine the shear strength of soil – foundation interface, considering the following variables : (1) Concrete

The aim of this paper is to integrate mobile phones into LANs by connecting the two parties and providing the mobile with a transparent access to the services and resources hosted by the LAN. Quick assessment of the typical related approaches for accessing LAN (like WLAN and Bluetooth BNEP) shows that they are inappropriate for mobile phones. The paper further inspects the LAN access approach based on Bluetooth PAN Profile and marking up its potential drawbacks. A modified approach is proposed and implemented by altering the access nature or model from peer-to-peer communication to a client/server service providing, and switching from BNEP to RFCOMM protocol.

This paper was aimed to study the efficiency of forward osmosis (FO) process as a new application for the treatment of wastewater from textile effluent and the factors affecting the performance of forward osmosis process.
The draw solutions used were magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and aluminum sulphate (Al2 ( SO4)3 .18 H2O), and the feed solutions used were reactive red, and disperse blue dyes.
Experimental work were includes operating the forward osmosis process using thin film composite (TFC) membrane as flat sheet for different draw solutions and feed solutions. The operating parameters studied were : draw solutions concentration (10 – 90 g/l), feed solutions concentration (5 – 30 mg/l), draw solutions flow rate (10 – 50 l/hr

The aim of this study is estimating the critical bed depth in adsorption process through a fixed-bed of granular activated carbon at different bed depths of 0.03, 0.05, 0.08and 0.11m at influent furfural concentration in waste water of 0.2 kg/m3, with constant flow rate of (16.66) × 10-5 m3/min and adsorbent particle size (0.5-1.5) mm. the changing of flow rate and furfural influent concentration had been studied to determine their effects on the critical bed depth value by using bed depth- service time
method (BDST). Length of unused bed (LUB) and length of equivalent section of bed had been estimated mathematically during process of the adsorption at different bed depths and during changing the flow rate(8.3× 10-5 m3/min) and in

This study deals with the aircraft wing analysis (numerical and experimental) which subjected to fatigue loading in order to analyze the aircraft wing numerically by using ANSYS 15.0 software and experimentally by using loading programs which effect on fatigue test specimens at laboratory to estimate life of used metal (aluminum alloy 7075-T651) the wing metal and compare between numerical and experimental work, as well as to formulate an experimental mathematical model which may find safe estimate for metals and most common alloys that are used to build aircraft wing at certain conditions. In experimental work, a (34) specimen of (aluminum alloy 7075-T651) were tested using alternating bending fatigue machine rig. The t

This paper presents an improved technique on Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm. The procedure is applied on Single Machine with Infinite Bus (SMIB) system with power system stabilizer (PSS) at three different loading regimes. The simulations are made by using MATLAB software. The results show that by using Improved Ant Colony Optimization (IACO) the system will give better performance with less number of iterations as it compared with a previous modification on ACO. In addition, the probability of selecting the arc depends on the best ant performance and the evaporation rate.

مرّ التفسير القرآني بمراحل عديدة وقد ظهرت مدارس ومذاهب وطرق عدة لقراءة النص القرآني وبيانه وتفسيره، ناهيك عن نشأته الأولى التي قادها رسول الإنسانية والمعلّم الأوّل محمد بن عبد الله (ص)، فكان الشارح والمبيّن عن الله سبحانه  قال سبحانه: "وَأنْزَلْنَا إلَيكَ الذِكْرَ لِتُبَيّنَ لِلنَاسِ مَا نُزِّلَ إليَهم وَلَعَلّهُم يَتَفَكَرُون"النحل/ 44.

The present study was carried out to investigate immunopathological effect of foot and mouth disease vaccine against nosocomial infections, to achieve this goal different samples obtained from urine of hospitalized patient, the isolated bacteria were identified by cultural examination,  biochemical tests PCR. Twenty-four  mice were divided equally into three groups. The 1^st  group 8 mice  were immunized I/M with 0.1 ml of FMD vaccine, two dose with 14 days intervals, 2^nd group 8 mice was inoculated I/P with 0.5 from 3x10⁸ CFU/ml while 3^rd  group was inoculated 0.2 ml of phosphate buffer saline and served as control negative. At

The main objectives of this study were investigating the effects of the maximum size of coarse Attapulgite aggregate and micro steel fiber content on fresh and some mechanical properties of steel fibers reinforced lightweight self-compacting concrete (SFLWSCC). Two series of mixes were used depending on maximum aggregate size (12.5 and 19) mm, for each series three different steel fibers content were used (0.5 %, 1%, and 1.5%). To evaluate the fresh properties, tests of slump flow, T500 mm, V funnel time, and J ring were carried out. Tests of compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural tensile strength, and calculated equilibrium density were done to evaluate mechanical properties. For reference mixes, the

تناول هذا البحث بيان ماهية سند الشحن الإلكتروني في ضوء التشريع الإماراتي، من خلال البحث في تعريفه، ووظائفه، وآلياته، وإنشائه، وبيان أطرافه، وأهميته؛ كونه وسيلة جديدة في إثبات عقد النقل البحري. كما تطرق إلى الشروط الموضوعية والشكلية لهذا النوع من السندات، وتمثلت مشكلة البحث في غياب القواعد التشريعية الوطنية المنظمة له، ومدى كفاية نصوص )قانون المعاملات الإلكترونية وخِدْمات الثقة رقم (46) لسنة 2021م) في معالجته

In this paper, effective slab width for the composite beams is investigated with special emphasis on the effect of web openings. A three dimensional finite element analysis, by using finite element code ANSYS, is employed to investigate shear lag phenomenon and the resulting effective slab width adopted in the classical T-beam approach. According to case studies and comparison with limitations and rules stipulated by different standards and codes of practice it is found that web openings presence and panel proportion are the most critical factors affecting effective slab width, whereas concrete slab thickness and steel beam depth are less significant. The presence of web opening reduces effective slab width by about 21%.

Columns subjected to pure axial load rarely exist in practice. Reinforced concrete columns are usually subjected to combination of axial and lateral actions and  deformations, caused by  spatially‐complex loading patterns as during earthquakes causes lateral deflection that in turn affects the horizontal stiffness. In this study, a numerical model was developed in threedimensional nonlinear finite element and then validated against experimental results reported in the literatures,
to investigate the behavior of conventionally RC columns subjected to axial load and  . lateral reversal cyclic loading. To achieve this goal, numerical analysis was conducted by using finite element program ABAQUS/Explicit. The variables co