مدينة يابرة مدينة أزلية قديمة ، من أقدم المدن الأوربية  ، وهي من مدن البرتغال الحالية ، فقد نشأت وتطورت قبل الفتح العربي الإسلامي للأندلس سنة 92هـ/710م ، وقبل دخول الطلائع الأولى للفاتحين العرب المسلمين الأوائل للأندلس ، افتتحت على يد عبد العزيز بن موسى بن نصير الذي بعثه والده موسى على رأس جيش كبير لفتح مدن غرب الأندلس ، فاستطاع من السيطرة على مدينة باجة ، ثم اتجه صوب مدينة يابرة وتمكن منها ، وأشار ابن خلدون إ

The novel has recently received great attention from readers and before them writers, due to the role it is playing, and this indicates an important rule, which is whenever there is art or creativity, there must be a criticism of its own, and this criticism is certainly no less important than its owner, so we find There are critics who have their distinguished literary position in following up the narrative development, and trying to describe the transformation of its elements, including Professor Fadel Thamer, and whoever wants to approach an element of the novel as an explorer, he must stand on the visions of this critic about it, and this is what made us take the element (personality) Tracking the most important opinions of the critic

paid recent developments in the information and communications technology and the accompanying developments in the global market to pay particular accounting information users to demand more sophistication in terms of corporate financial reporting systems, which led to the emergence of a new type of reporting (financial reporting in real time). where is the information and communications technology mainstay Nations for the development and progress, thanks to the development of technology that have made the transmission of information easily conducted and high speed to all who need it, communication is instantaneous and the flow of information via the internet dramatically exceeded the border temporal and spatial anywhere in the w

 The form imposes its importance in the structure of the artwork through its indication of the type of relationship between the artist and his external world in all its aspects, as well as its manifestation of artistic and aesthetic values, and the multiplicity of experimental means of expression that include the artist's feelings and imagination. The form is also a recording of the events in their temporal and spatial circumstances, and in that it is of value in directing his artistic discourse with the aim of influencing the recipient with its connotations and emotional states. Horses in the drawings of Amer Al-Obaidi, and the research came within two frameworks: The first framework is the methodological framework that represents us t

Despite the artistic importance that Assumption intertextuality in technical studies, it is indispensable for the artist and writer whatever, Intertextuality s is not a coincidence, is not correct to be so, so that human culture is governed by Trait obstetrics and conclusion shows and the longer the life of culture, whatever it be more fortunate the correlation between the present and the past. From this point the problem of current research was founded in the detection of overlapping contexts in contemporary art between intertextuality and quotation, and concluded by identifying the most important terms in the search, while the second chapter highlighted the intertextuality in contemporary artistic discourse and the types of intertextua

ويعد الفراغ من هذه الدراسة تخلص الى بعض النتائج التي يمكن تلخيصها بالاتي:

• الطب عند العرب مفاهيم ودلالات ومعان متعدة، لذا يعد البرء من المرض والسحر من ابرز معانيه في اللغة، كما يعد حفظ الصحة البدن ومداواة الامراض الروحية والعضوية التي تصيبها من ابرز معانيه في الاصطلاح، بينما تعد الرقى، والعزائم، والمداواة من ابرز المرادفات للطب الروحي عندهم قبل الاسلام.
• للطب الروحي جذور تاريخية موغلة في القدم،

تشكل المجتمع الاندلسي بعد الفتوحات الإسلامية لبلاد الأندلس وتوافُد المسلمين إليها,  من السكان الأصليين الذين  يدينون باليهودية والمسيحية, ومن المسلمين الفاتحين للبلاد من العرب والبربر , فاختلط المجتمع وطبقاته في مجالات الحياة كافة العلمية منها والعملية وتعايشوا فيما بينهم 0

       فكلُّ نوع من أطياف المجتمع الأندلسي الجديد  له عاداته وتقاليده التي  يمتاز بها  عن  الأطياف ا

عندما تذكر اقوى الامبراطوريات في العالم القديم، تأتي الامبراطورية الرومانية في مقدمة تلك القوى ،  وهذا مرده الى قوة جيشها المنظم والمدرب ،الذي أُتيحت له امكانيات جعلت منه قوة بشرية بما امتلكة من  معدات عسكرية وتقنيات حربية مكنتهم من الانتصار في اغلب معاركهم وهذا بدأ واضحا منذ بداية تكوين الجمهورية عام 509 ق.م وبداية تأسيس الامبراطورية عام 33 ق.م، وتوسعها في العالم القديم، في هذه الورقة البحثية نستعرض تلك

Background: Population studies suggest that 3–8% of asymptomatic adults have thyroid nodules. Nodules have a 5–15% prevalence of malignancy. Fine-needle aspiration cytology is the primary and frequently initial tool for assessing the risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules and selecting patients for thyroid surgery.
Patients and Methods: This prospective study was done during the period from June 2007 to November 2008. The study includes 141 patients with palpable solitary or multiple thyroid nodules. Only patients with normal or low TSH values were referred for ultrasound examination and ultrasound guided FNAC, which were done using fine needles (G 20).
Results: eleven patients (7.8%) have insuffici

Background: The etiology of ischemic heart disease (IHD) is believed to have an immunological component. Association with human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) has been previously reported, particularly with DR6.
Patients and methods: 75 cardiac patients were admitted to the coronary care unit, Baghdad Teaching Hospital over the period October 2008-May 2009 with the clinical diagnosis of acute
coronary syndrome and STEMI myocardial infarction their ages range was (25-82) years the number of male was (55) (73.3%) and female was (20) (26.7%). All cases have routine ECG, cardiac marker’s measurements, routine haematological, Biochemical test and 2mls of blood reserved for HLA study.
Results: It was found that H

يتبين من لنا من خلال المصادر التاريخية العديد من الامور .

• يمكن قبول الاختلاف في اسم المهدي الفاطمي في ايام الدعوة ، ولكن بعد الخلافة لا يكن البقاء على السرية في الكتمان يدل على امرين الاول ، اما وجود الاسم والنسب في المخطوطات وكتمانها من المحققين ومن اخرج تلك المخطوطات ، او ان المهدي  الفاطمي لا يرجع في نسبه الى البيت العلوي .
• عدم الحفاظ على اركان الدعوة يدل على تغير مسارها المخطط له كما في ابو

خلفية البحث: إن البدانة وزيادة الوزن تعد من أهم العوامل التي تهدد صحة الإنسان على مستوى العالم. إن الجهاز العصبي الذاتي يسيطر وينظم عمل ووظيفة الأعضاء الداخلية للجسم ومن ضمنها القلب وجهاز الدوران بواسطة فرعيه السمبثاوي (الودي) والباراسمبثاوي (اللاودي). فيما يخص القلب هذا التأثير المشترك لكلا الفرعين السمبثاوي والباراسمبثاوي يشكل توازن متغير ينتج عنه تذبذب أو تغير مستمر في الوقت الزمن

دراسة سريرية لظاهرة الطرف الشبح (الوهمي) و ما يصاحبه من الم في الطرف السفلي المبتور نتيجة الاصابات.

الغرض من الدراسة : لتقييم معدلات ونسب الاحساس بالالم في الطرف السفلي المبتور عند الجرحى بعد البتر ودراسة انواع الالام والاحاسيس الاخرى المصاحبة كالم الظهر والكتف.

المرضى واسلوب البحث : اجريت الدراسة على مائة وثمانية عشر مريضا ممن بتر لهم طرف سف

خلفية: مرض حساسية الحنطة هو من الامراض المتوسطة  مناعيا معويا و  الناجمة عن الحث بواسطة  الغلوتين مع طيف واسع من العرض، العديد من المرضى الذين يعانون من أعراض غير نمطية أو صامتة سريريا تظل دون تشخيص، ومعرضون لخطر حدوث مضاعفات على المدى الطويل.

الهدف: الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تحديد نسبة انتشار المرض الزلاقي في الأطفال الذين يعانون قصر القامة.

The Arabic calligraphy, in the early days of Islam, was used for the purpose of decorating the walls of mosques from inside and outside. Hence, this decorative art must be actively involved in enriching the designs of Islamic fabrics and costumes because it has a highly qualified and aesthetically pleasing look and expresses the originality of the Arab spirit. The research is divided into two section: the first section included the following topics: First "A historical overview of the art of decoration in Islamic Arab thought". Second "linear formations of decorative designs, and the subject of intellectual aesthetic taste of the art of decorating. This section tackles two subsections: first "the beauty of thought between the function an

المقدمة: هذه الدراسة قد أجريت لتقدير درجة النكس لسرطان الثدي بعد التداخل الجراحي لسرطان الثدي المبكر القابل للتداخل الجراحي ( سرطان

   الدرجة الاولى والثانية )في الوحدة الجراحية الأولى و مستشفى الرحمة الأهلي .عدد المرضى الكلي الذين ادخلوا في الدراسة كان مئة وسبعة عشر مريضا عراقيا جميعهم من الاناث وتمت متابعتهم من كانون الثاني 2007 ولغاية نهاية شهر كانون ال

Objectives : The study aims to assessing nurses’ knowledge concerning peritonitis- dialysis association at the
peritoneal dialysis units, and to identifying the relationship between some nurses’ knowledge and some of their
demographic characteristic.
Methodology : A descriptive study was carried out at the peritoneal dialysis units in Baghdad Teaching
Hospitals started from November 29th 2004 to August 15th, 2005. A purposive sample of (52) nurses was
selected from Baghdad Teaching Hospitals. The data were collected through the use of constructed
questionnaire, which comprised of (97) items as an interview questionnaire technique as mean of data
collection. The reliability of the instrument was determined through

In the 20th century, the concept of "sarcasm" has relatively prevailed, and in this sense, it is a method in the art of conversation that wants to keep the question about the intended meaning, that is, "saying something and suggesting its opposite."
There are other concepts that indicate that sarcasm is saying something in a way that provokes the recipient of the statement an infinite number of different interpretations, with multiple readers of different interpretations. While the philosophy of irony stands by the standards of things, exaggeration or minimization, this manipulation takes place within the enjoyment. However, it's a method to present sharp criticism in an atmosphere of criticism that differs from generation to gener

الخلفية البحث:هرمون الانهبين ب هو احد مؤشرات قياس احتياطي المبيض والذي من المهم تقييمه لمعرفة مؤشرات القدرة التكاثرية لدى مرضى تكيس المبايض و الذي يعتبر من اكثر الاسباب شيوعا للعقم .

المرضى و طريقة العمل: اربعة و تسعون امرأة مصابة بتكيس المبايض تراجع في عيادة العقم التابعة لمستشفى بغداد التعليمي خلال الفترة من شهر تشرين الاول عام2005 لغاية شهر كانون الا

The economy of a city has an important role not only in its establishment but also in its development. This is quite clear in the city of Baghdad throughout its history since its building in 762 A.D. In addition, most of its problems that the city is suffering from are basically related to not giving enough importance to the economic factors in the master planning of Baghdad since 1950’s. This may explain the failiars of master plans in dealing with the actual population growth and the city's inability to absorb such increases and interrelated and diverse activities which are negatively reflected on the economic variables particularly the effect on the land values, and the strong competitions amongst the land uses without previ

Background: image processing of medical images is major method to increase reliability of cancer diagnosis.
Methods: The proposed system proceeded into two stages: First, enhancement stage which was performed using of median filter to reduce the noise and artifacts that present in a CT image of a human lung with a cancer, Second: implementation of k-means clustering algorithm.
Results: the result image of k-means algorithm compared with the image resulted from implementation of fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm.
Conclusion: We found that the time required for k-means algorithm implementation is less than that of FCM algorithm.MATLAB package (version 7.3) was used in writing the programming code of our w

Tourism is one of the most important sources of income of economic key countries in the world so are imports of tourism for some countries a source of income is not significant of the total revenues of States. Making those countries, and those countries a destination for visitors, and here should be interest in the Wealth and cultural heritage that distinguishes Islamic countries in general, and Iraq in particular, must be placed specialist studies in all areas for the development of this area of tourism, especially religious tourism to achieve a desired and desired of such research.It is the most important ways to develop tourism in general and religious tourism is of particular publications, advertising, and is important for us in this

Objective(s): To determine barriers for delivering nursing care for children at Intensive Care Units.

Methods: A mixed method research, employing (convergent parallel design) was used in this study. A non-probability (purposive) sampling of 60 nurses were employed, 15 of them were included in the qualitative part of the study. The data were collected from three different intensive care units from January 3^rd to February 20^th, 2024, using the performance obstacles assessment questionnaire for the quantitative part of the study. An official permission to use the study questionnaire was obtained from the corresponding author. A semi-structured interview technique was used to col

تتحدد مشكلة البحث الحالي في دراسة العلاقة المتغيرة بين مفهوم الشكل بوصفه ظاهرة مادية (فيزيقية) ؛ يمكن التحكم بها تقنياً، ومفهوم المضمون الذي يمثل جوهر الفعالية المسرحية وانعكاسه جدياً على بنية الشكل، مما يرتد بايجابية على عملية الإدراك لدى المتلقي، فضلاً عن تفاوت الآراء والاتجاهات الفلسفية والنقدية التي تناولت طبيعة هذه العلاقة المتغيرة تبعاً لبنية الزمان والمكان والخلفية المعرفية والفكرية بما يسمح للم

إن المعالجات الإخراجية للنصوص الكلاسيكية الإغريقية، والتي نبعت من اختلاف طريقة التناول للنص من قبل كل مخرج، فنصوص الإغريق وخصوصاً نصوص (سفوكلس) التي امتازت بلغتها الشعرية الفخمة كان من البديهي أن يتم تناول معالجتها بطريقة خاصة عبر الالتزام بمعطيات النص، وعليه فمشكلة البحث هنا انطلقت من السؤال التالي: (هل التزم المخرجان ( عادل كريم وعبد الوهاب عبد الرحمن ) بمعطيات نص (أنتكون) أم خرجا عن هذه المعطيات ؟ )وتنبع ا

research aims: 1- Demonstrating an aspect of the rhetorical miracle of the Qur’an represented in the accuracy of its verses and the consistency of its topics. 2- Clarifying the intent of Surat Al-Ghashiya, and clarifying the link between the topics of the surah and its purpose. 3- Studying the topics included in Surat Al-Gashiya, and highlighting their consistency among them. 4- Referring to the gifts contained in the noble verses.Research Methodology: In preparing this study, I followed the inductive-analytical approach, according to the procedures outlined in the introduction.From the search results: 1- The purpose of Surat Al-Gashiya: Reminding the Hereafter and its scenes of reward

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) it includes two-condition Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) the prolonged inflammation may cause invasion of the multiple layers of the intestinal walls result in GIT damage. The current study was carried out in Baghdad teaching hospital and gastroenterology hospital from November 2021 to May 2022.  In order to show if the diagnostic marker of IBD which are IL6& calprotectin are rises in saliva as in sera and if there are significant differences in the levels of those markers between UC patients and healthy control subjects.

The subjects included twenty five patients suffering from ulcerative colitis and twenty f

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the means and the difficulties faced by students of
nursing maternal and child health nursing / College of Nursing / University of Baghdad in obtaining scientific
information in practical training.
Methodology: A purposive sample of (100) Nursing college student - Maternal and Child Health Nursing
Department were selected. Data were collected through the use of the questionnaire form during the
period from the November 2010 to April 2011. Descriptive statistical procedures were used to analyze the
data.
Results: The results showed that the highest percentage of members of the study sample aged between
(20-21 years), females are the most inhabitants of the city of Ba

الخلفية: انخفاض الوزن عند الولادة هو السبب الرئيسي لوفيات الرضع. وهو يساهم في مجموعة متنوعة من النتائج الصحية السيئة قصيرة وطويلة
الأجل. من المهم تحديد عوامل الخطر المرتبطة بانخفاض الوزن عند الولادة لاتخاذ الإجراء المناسب لمنع أو تقليل العواقب. ومع ذلك، فإن الدراسة
بشأن انخفاض الوزن عند الولادة وعوامل الخطر الأمومية في إقليم كردستان العراق قليلة جدا.
الأهداف: هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد عوامل الخطر الم