A new series of chalcone derivatives featuring an oxadiazole-quinoline moiety were successfully synthesized through a multi-step reaction sequence, commencing with quinoline-2-carboxylic acid as the starting material. First, the carboxylic group was chlorinated to form an acid chloride, following reacted with hydrazine hydrate. The resulting product underwent cyclization with carbon disulfide in an alkaline solution to produce 5-(quinolin-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol, followed by alkylation using chloroacetone. In the final step, an aldol condensation reaction was carried out by grinding the acetone derivative with various aromatic aldehydes, yielding the desired chalcones. The synthesized compounds were characterized by R_f

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is a major global health concern, accounting for substantial liver-related illness and death worldwide. The complex protein profile present in both blood serum and saliva is composed of numerous individual proteins, which collectively contribute to the overall protein composition of these bodily fluids. Valuable diagnostic insights can be gleaned from assessing alterations in total serum protein concentrations or variations within distinct protein fractions. Current study aimed to investigate the influence of hepatitis B disease on the matter of total protein concentration, as well as the levels of albumin and globulins, exploring the feasibility of utilizing saliva as a diagnostic fluid to monitor flu

     Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that predominantly affects women of reproductive age, impacting their hormonal balance and fertility. The present study was conducted to evaluate the levels of neurokinin B and galanin in women with PCOS. The study recruited PCOS patients who visited infertility consultation at the Medical City of Baghdad Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their body mass index (BMI): thirty healthy control women, whose average age was between 20 and 35 years, and sixty PCOS patients, who were overweight group (BMI less than 30 kg/m²) or obese group (BMI more than 30 kg/m²⁾. The diagnosis of PCOS in women was based on

A gas chromatographic technique was employed as an analytical method to detect and quantify Pyridaben residues in cucumber, leaves, and soil under controlled greenhouse conditions in Iraq, using the recommended dosage, and to estimate the residual levels of Pyridaben after household processing. The samples were extracted and purified using a modified QuEChERS method, followed by analysis using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector and mass spectrometry for determination. Method validation studies yielded recovery percentages ranging from 93.9% to 98.5%. The matrix effects (ME)−12.21%, −8.82%, −5.3% for cucumber, leaves and soil respectively. The samples exhibited no signal suppression effect in all matrices, and relativ

This study employed a green route to synthesize metal oxide nanocomposites, specifically NiO/Al₂O₃, which were subsequently used to dope poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as a matrix, resulting in the formation of novel nanocomposites, namely PMMA/NiO/Al₂O₃. The nanocomposites were characterized using FE-SEM, XRD, DSC, TGA, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity tests to confirm their design, verify the nanostructured composition, and distinguishable features in poly methyl methacrylate distribution. The results of AFM for the synthesized nanostructured showed that the NiO and Al₂O₃, describe how the nanoparticles' size was in the nano scale. The biological activi

     Recurrent tonsillitis is characterized by five or more episodes of severe tonsillitis per year, which significantly impact daily life and normal activities. Superantigens (SAgs) trigger a massive response in T cells, resulting in an overwhelming release of cytokines and rapid T cell growth. Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) is a substational pattern recognition receptor (PRR) for inflammation and the immune response. This study is designed to detect rs893629 in the TLR2 gene and genes encoding SAgs A, B and C in Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Additionally, the study examines the association between rs893629 and serum level of (TLR2, IFN-γ, MIF and IL-4) as a risk factor for the progression of tonsillitis. 261 patie

The impetus behind the emergence of information security was the need to send sensitive data over the often insecure Internet networks. Information and communication technology fields have used authentication to verify alleged users identities and prevent intruders from achieving their goals. However, with the increasing use of digital images in multimedia applications, particularly those requiring high levels of security, there has been a growing interest in ways to ensure their safety. A secret key was generated randomly to add to the proposed encryption system, increasing its complexity to preserve privacy and reduce the influence of intruders. Our method uses a reversible logical approach for security and privacy based on discrete co

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder associated with a chronic inflammatory process that can impact the joints as well as non-articular organs such as the heart, kidney, lung, digestive tract, eye, skin, and neurological system. This study was conducted at Private Nursing Hospital and Al Kadhimiya Educational Hospital, where blood samples were collected from 122 Iraqi women; seventy-fiveof them were apparently healthy controls whileforty-sevenwere patients who had long-standing RA. B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP) and interleukin-35(IL-35)wereevaluated utilizing an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Also, total cholesterol, triglyceride, andHigh-density lipoprotein(HDL)were determined using an enzymatic colorimetric method.

Twenty-four water samples were collected from the Tigris River inside Baghdad city and close to the sewage pipes for the winter seasons in October 2022 and the summer seasons in May 2023 to assess the pollution of the Tigris River water. The study included analyzing the physical and chemical properties and studying the concentrations of some heavy elements (iron, manganese, nickel, zinc, copper, chromium, cadmium, and lead). Tigris River samples are characterized during the winter as light alkaline, fresh water, highly mineralized and sodium sulphate type. Water samples during the summer are characterized by light alkalinity, fresh water, high mineralization, and calcium chloride type. River water evaluated for irrigation purposes showed

Adenosine deaminase (ADA), also referred to as adenosine aminohydrolase, is a key enzyme that plays a crucial role in purine metabolism. AMP-aminohydrolase, also known as AMP deaminase (AMPDA), facilitates the conversion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) into inosine monophosphate (IMP). Cigarettes primarily consist of various substances. This study aimed to investigate the influence of cigarettes smoking on serum and saliva ADA and AMPDA activities, exploring the diagnostic potential of these enzymes in smoking- related diseases. Two hundred twenty subjects were enrolled, including 100 healthy smokers and 120 healthy non-smokers with measurement being made of serum and saliva ADA and AMPDA activities as well as complete blood count (CBC)

This study utilized low-cost agricultural waste (molasses production waste powder) to extract copper ions from aqueous solutions. The present investigation explored a range of factors that influence the adsorption process, including temperature, pH, ionic strength, contact time, quantity of adsorbent, and particle size. Spectrophotometric analysis was used to determine the solution's absorbance both before and after the adsorption procedure. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were used to match the equilibrium data. The Freundlich model was determined to be the best isotherm model using the linear regression coefficient R²=0.9868. Thermodynamic parameters, including enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy, were cal

 In organic chemistry the prefix oxo indicates a double bond between an oxygen atom and carbon atom. The oxo group is present in ketons, estern, carboxilic acids, aldehydes and amids. Topological indices are numerical quantities associated with the molecular graphs. Some of the molecular descriptors have proven their ability in predicting physico-chemical properties certain chemical compounds. In this paper structure boiling point relationships are studied for series of oxo organic compounds by ten molecular descriptors. The QSPR modelling for the oxo organic compounds are presented by the means of linear, quadratic, logarithmic and multilinear analysis. The multilinear analysis model produces a correlation coefficient(r) =0.954 and sta

Novel oxopyrimidine (3,7) and pyrazole (4,8) compounds bearing an azo group were successfully synthesized and characterized using FTIR, ¹HNMR, and ¹³CNMR spectroscopy. The diazonium salt was first synthesized by reacting p-amino acetophenone with nitrous acid. This salt was added to activated aromatic rings (o-nitro phenol, β-naphthol) to produce azo compounds (1,5). Following the reaction of these azo compounds with salicylaldehyde, chalcone derivatives (2,6) were produced. Subsequently, these synthetic compounds were cyclized to create pyrazole derivatives (4,8) and oxopyrimidine (3,7

      Currently, Machine learning is an advanced algorithm that yielding accurate classifications or predictions for huge samples sizes. The fat index data is asymmetric and has a right skew so this creates problem when using statistical techniques. For such data, there is still a lot of performance that needs to be improved when comparing statistical techniques and machine learning algorithms. This paper aimed to compare the traditional statistical methods represented by Linear, penalized linear such as Ridge and Lasso regression and machine learning models represented by convolutional neural network for their prediction performance through simulation experiments and real data of fat index. A total of 252 records were used. The pre

     In this study, nanoparticles of metal oxides (CoO, NiO, and TiO₂) were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. These nanoparticles were then incorporated into paraffin wax, serving as a matrix, to create nanocomposites. The resulting materials, [TiO₂; CoO/paraffin] and [TiO₂; NiO/paraffin], were prepared using ultrasonic techniques. The morphology, size, and structures of the synthesized nanocomposites were examined and characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformer infrared (FT-IR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectro

     Rice, an important food crop, is often faced with widespread and highly contagious diseases that have posed significant threats to agricultural development. However, traditional rice disease identification methods, which rely on the subjective visual examination of experts, hinder timely disease prevention. The advancements in computer vision and deep learning techniques have been key in improving crop disease diagnosis and recognition. This paper suggests a new approach for classifying rice leaf diseases, first via enhancing the input rice plant image through the conversion and extraction techniques. Secondly, by employing the multiple Vision Transformers (ViTs) method, which adopts and dedicates one ViT per type of disease, th

To assess the effect of Nigella sativa oil as a topical preparation for treatment of oro- genital ulceration of Behcet's disease. This is a double blinded therapeutic trial in which 40 patients with Behcet's disease manifested as recurrent episodes of oral and genital ulceration were enrolled into 2 groups; Nigella sativa oil was applied as 10% in glycerin topically 3 times / daily to the first 20 patients. The other 20 were given glycerin only. Assessment was done 4 days then 8 days after treatment.Results were recorded as they appeared in clinical examination and those records were arranged in tables for both groups concerning oral and genital ulceration cases.Nigella sativa oil is a new topical agent for promotion of healing of o

The reticuloendothelial system (RES) play an important role in immunity against bacterial infection and Klebsiella pneumoniae one of the most common causes of hospital-acquired infections. Dextran70 (D70), a polysaccharide, may alter functions of this system through changing many biological activities in the tissues.

 تعدُّ دراسة قيم التحديث وانعكاساتها على القيم العشائرية لدى طلبة الجامعة واثر هذه الانعكاسات في الجامعة والمجتمع العراقي الحديث، وفي دور الجامعة في تغير المجتمع التقليدي في العراق و دور النظام الجامعي في تغير مجتمع محافظة الانبار وقد اعتمد البحث على البيانات الاولية، إذ قام الباحث بإعداد استبانة لعينة عشوائية طبقية مكونة من 17 فقرة، تم توزيعها على 200 مبحوث من طلبة جامعة الانبار في كليتي الآداب والتربية

    هدف هذا البحث الى التعرف على جودة مخرجات التعلم للطالبات الخريجات من كلية التربية بجامعة حائل من وجهة نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس وبعض ارباب العمل، بغية التعرف على جوانب القوة والضعف في برامج الكلية لعمل بعض التوصيات التحسينية بتلك البرامج، وللتحقق من هذا الهدف استخدمت الباحثة مقياس جودة مخرجات التعليم العالي من اعداد (الظالمي،2015) (alzalmi،2015) بعد عرضه على المحكمين، اشتمل المقياس على 35 فقرة مقسمة على (7) أ

مفتتح النص الروائي يشكل التحقق النصي الاول للمتن الروائي ، فهو منطلقها. وهو يشكل عنصراً مؤثراً من عناصر النص الابداعي ، إن لم يكن المفتاح له كله لا بوصفه (بدء الكلام) كما يقول ارسطو فحسب بل لأنه ما من شيء يحدث في ما بعد الا وله نواة في المفتتح او الاستهلال. على الرغم من ان العنوان يعد العتبة الاولى للنص الروائي ، الا ان المفتتح او الاستهلال هو فضاء هذه العتبة ومن هنا نجد عناية الروائيين به ، إذ قد ترهق الجملة الا

يرمي البحث الحالي الى معرفة الضغط النفسي وعلاقته بالعزلة الاجتماعية لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة، كما يستهدف التعرف ان كانت هنالك فروق دالة احصائيا للمتغيرين بين الطلبة  من (ذكور- اناث) ،ومدى العلاقة بين الضغط النفسي والعزلة الاجتماعية لدى هؤلاء الطلبة، ولتحقيق اهداف البحث قامت الباحثة بأعداد أداتين لقياس الضغط النفسي وقياس العزلة الاجتماعية  لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة، وقد تحققت الباحثة من الخصائص القياسي

هاروكي موراكامي (1949) روائي ياباني يستخدم الخيال لتصوير حالة الإنسان الحديث. الهوية الجنسية والشعور بالوحدة والحنين هي مواضيع شائعة في أعماله. رجال بلا نساء (2014) هي مجموعة من القصص القصيرة التي يعكس فيها موراكامي أدوار الجنسين لإظهار سعي الرجال اليائس للرفقة في حياتهم. وفقا لهانز روبرت جاوس (1921-1997)، وهو منظر أدبي ألماني، لا يوجد تفسير متطابق لأي نص أدبي .ومع ذلك، هناك نوع من المراسلات الحوارية بين النص والقارئ.

هدفت الدراسة التعرف على الخصائص الدينية و الأخلاقية لرواد الأعمال من منظور الإسلام. ريادة الأعمال تعني إنشاء عمل تجاري مع تحمل ما یلازمه من مخاطر بهدف النجاح. و تكمن أهمية ريادة الأعمال فيما تحتويه من إمكانات لتحسين مستويات المعيشة و خلق ثروة لأصحاب المشاريع و الشركات ذات الصلة. اعتمد أسلوب البحث على جمع الآيات والروايات التي تحقق أهداف البحث و تجيب عن أسئلته وتحديد المفاهيم و تمييز أوجه الشبه و الاختلاف و ت

شهد العقد الثامن من القرن الماضي انطلاقة عدد من المؤسّسات الرائدة لتعليم العربية للناطقين بغيرها وإعداد معلميها وانعقاد عدد من الندوات الرائدة، ومنذ ذلك التاريخ هناك تزايد في مؤسّسات هذا المجال ومؤتمراته وندواته ودورياته وأطروحاته ومقالاته، فضلا عن تزايد أعداد المختصين والخبراء. غير أننا لو راجعنا المُنجَز البحثي حتى الآن سنجد أنَّ هناك مجالات بحثية حظيت بالرعاية وأخرى لا تزال تحتاج إلى جهود الباحثين؛ و

تم تأكيد التاريخ في مسرحيات الكاتبة المسرحية الأمريكية الأفريقية سوزان لوري باركس (مواليد 1963) وإعادة تمثيله وكتابته ليمثل الهوية السوداء. والتاريخ يُنظر إليه على أنه شرط ضروري لفهم الماضي ، وعيش الحاضر بكل تداعياته ، وحماية مستقبل الأجيال السوداء. في مقالة لها بعنوان "الملكية" ، تدعي باركس بأن تاريخ الأدب الأبيض يجب أن يكون موضع تساؤل لأنهم وثقوا التاريخ من منظورهم فقط ، متجاهلين حقيقة أن للسود دورهم الخاص ف

,يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على مفهوم اليقضة الذهنية لدى طالبات الجامعة, والتعرف على مفهوم اتخاذ القرار لدى طالبات الجامعة, والتعرف على الفروق ذوات الدلالة الإحصائية في اليقضة الذهنية تبعاً لمتغير القسم الدراسي, والتعرف على الفروق ذي الدلالة الإحصائية في اتخاذ القرار تبعاً لمتغير القسم الدراسي, والتعرف على قوة واتجاه العلاقة الارتباطية  بين اليقضة الذهنية واتخاذ القرار لدى طالبات الجامعة, وتتكون عينة الب

 تناول البحث مفهوم الجملة في الدراسات الأسلوبية ، وأصل هذا المفهوم عند النحويين القدامى والمحدثين وعند اللغويين واللسانيين (اللغويين المحدثين) الذين هم سبب رئيس لظهور الأسلوبية، وقد حاولنا فيه بيان الاختلاف في المفاهيم بين الغرب والعرب، وقد قسم البحث بعد الخاتمة على ثلاثة مباحث: الأول: مفهوم الجملة وتأليفها عند النحويين، والثاني: مفهوم الجملة وتأليفها عند اللغويين واللسانيين، والثالث مفهوم الجملة وتأل

يرمي البحث الحالي تعرف أثر استراتيجية الدعائم التعليمية في تنمية مهارات التفكير ما وراء المعرفيّ واتخاذ القرار لدى طالبات الصف الأول متوسط في مادة تاريخ الحضارات القديمة.  وفي ضوء هدف البحث صيغت الفرضيات الصفرية. و يتحدد البحث الحالي ب: -عينة من طالبات الصف الاول متوسط من المدارس المتوسطة والثانوية النهارية الحكومية في قضاء بعقوبة . - الفصول الثلاثة الاولى من كتاب التاريخ المقرر تدريسه للصف الاول متوسط من

This research includes the synthesis of some new different heterocyclic derivatives of 5-Bromoisatin. New sulfonylamide, diazine, oxazole, thiazole and 1,2,3-triazole derivatives of 5-Bromoisatin have been synthesized. The synthesis process started by the reaction of 5-Bromoisatin with different reagents to obtain schiff bases of 5-Bromoisatin intermediate compounds(1, 8, 19) by using glacial acetic acid as a catalyst in three routes. The first route, 5-Bromoisatin reacted with p-aminosulfonylchloride to product compound(1), then converted to sulfonyl amide derivatives(2-7) by the reaction of compound(1) with different substituted primary aromatic amine in absolute ethanol. The second route includes the reaction of 5-Bromoisatin rea