The earth's surface comprises different kinds of land cover, water resources, and soil, which create environmental factors for varied animals, plants, and humans. Knowing the significant effects of land cover is crucial for long-term development, climate change modeling, and preserving ecosystems. In this research, the Google Earth Engine platform and freely available Landsat imagery were used to investigate the impact of the expansion and degradation in urbanized areas, watersheds, and vegetative cover on the land surface temperature in Baghdad from 2004 to 2021. Land cover indices such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Water Index, and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDVI, NDWI, and NDB

     Klebsiella pneumoniae is among the most frequent microorganisms isolated from infections of burn wounds. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the distribution of multi-drug resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae in two burn hospitals and the antibiotic resistance profile in different burn regions of the same patient. It was performed in two hospitals (Al-Zahraa and Al-Karama) in Al-Kut, Iraq, between January and May 2022. Totally, 100 burn swabs were collected from 40 patients of both genders suffering from burn wound infections, with ages ranging between 3 and 50 years. Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated and identified using conventional methods followed by VITEK^®2 system and confirmed

     Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic, clinically heterogeneous condition, is becoming increasingly common all over the world. Insulin deficiency, resistance to insulin's actions on the body's surface, or both may lead to pancreatic beta-cell degeneration. Diabetes makes people more prone to its consequences, the most prevalent of which is diabetic retinopathy (DR). Deep learning algorithms surpass traditional classification models for illness diagnosis on photos of medical problems. Deep transfer learning models for medical DR detection were evaluated using the APTOS 2019 dataset. Deep transfer learning algorithms for medical diabetic retinopathy (DR) detection are being evaluated. MobileNet Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) arch

     Negation is a linguistic phenomenon that can cause sentences to have their meanings reversed. It frequently inverts affirmative sentences into negative ones, affecting the polarity; therefore, the sentiment of the text also changes accordingly. Negation can be expressed differently, making it somewhat challenging to detect. As a result, detecting negation is critical for Sentiment Analysis (SA) system development and improvement and will increase classifier accuracy, but it also poses a significant conceptual and technical challenge. This paper aims to survey and gather the most recent research related to detecting negation in SA. Many researchers have worked and performed methods, including algorithmic, machine, and deep learni

     In the past years, there was an attempt to add one column to the e-abacus diagram, then another work followed by other researchers by adding several columns to the same diagram. At that time, a question remained, is it possible to add a row and later several rows on the same diagram? Or is this not an easy thing except under certain conditions? In this research, we will know when we can take these steps.

     In this paper, a solution to one of the Bicriteria Machine Scheduling Problems (BCMSP) is proposed. This problem focuses on the maximum early jobs time and range of lateness jobs time on a single machine (1//(E_max,R_L )). First, we derive a subproblem 1//(E_max+R_L )  from the main problem which is a special case for the suggested problem. Secondly, both exact complete enumeration and Branch and Bound (BAB) with two new lower bounds with some heuristic methods to solve the problems are proposed. The results prove the accuracy of BAB to solve the problem for n≤110 jobs in a reasonable time. In addition, the accuracy of the suggested heuristic methods is compared with the results of the exact methods.

     Diabetes is associated with endothelial dysfunction, which impairs blood vesselscapacity to maintain vascular tone. Apelin is an adipocyte-produced relaxing factor that has endothelium-dependent and nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasorelaxant effects. The current study investigated how streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type one diabetes modulates the mechanisms involved in aortic vascular response to apelin, focusing on the role of potassium channels and endothelial derived relaxing factors (EDRF). In this study, precontracted rat thoracic aortic segments were pre-incubated with the NO inhibitor, cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor and potassium channels blockers including: non-selective calcium-activated potassium channel, big conductance ca

The consumption of synthetic, non-biodegradable polymer plastics has drawn attention to growing environmental concerns, prompting the development of other materials, particularly bio-based materials. Biopolymer-based biocomposite materials are plasticized to improve their ductility. In this study, five distinct weight ratios of biopolymers (PA/EOO), 90 wt.%, 80 wt.%, 70 wt.%, 60 wt.%, and 50 wt.% were employed as plasticizers for poly-lactic acid (PA) in a fluid molding process. The mechanical, thermal stability, and morphological characteristics of the blends were each examined using a viscometer measurement (R.V.), tensile properties (TP), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). All composite mater

Thalassemia is a genetic disease identified by a defect in the production of one or more globin chains. This study was aimed at determining the possibility of using "serum kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1)" and "N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG)" in the diagnosis of early renal damage in thalassemia patients. Serum biomarkers (CBC, urea, creatinine, KIM-1, and NAG) were determined in 45 patients with major thalassemia with an age range of 4-45 years who attended Baquba General Hospital. A significant increase in S.KIM-1 and S.NAG levels in patients compared with controls. The level of KIM was positively correlated with that of urea and creatinine in comparison with control. Also, the level of NAG was strongly positively correla

     In this study, the first kind Bessel function was used to solve Kepler equation for an elliptical orbiting satellite. It is a classical method that gives a direct solution for calculation of the eccentric anomaly. It was solved for one period from (M=0-360)° with an eccentricity of (e=0-1) and the number of terms from (N=1-10). Also, the error in the representation of the first kind Bessel function was calculated. The results indicated that for eccentricity of (0.1-0.4) and (N = 1-10), the values of eccentric anomaly gave a good result as compared with the exact solution. Besides, the obtained eccentric anomaly values were unaffected by increasing the number of terms (N = 6-10) for eccentricities (0.8 and 0.9). The Bessel funct

     This study investigates instantaneous and continuous sources as point, line, and area sources. Gaussian concentration in the case of the puff model with an instantaneous point source inhomogeneous longitudinal diffusion is investigated. The concentration is calculated using different dispersion parameters to get the proposed normalized concentration of the puff model at ground level around the centerline, which is compared with observed data by the Copenhagen experiment and previous work [1].

Also, the continuous point source is used to get the Gaussian plume model in three dimensions using dispersion parameters to compare with the observed concentration data measured by the Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority for Iodine-135

     The main goal of this work is to put a simple model of the spectral energy distribution of binary stars called WW Cha. This model is built up on the extracted data from various telescopes and archives for the target WW Cha stars and then analyzing them using a python environment. The result of the fitting proposes that there are two protoplanetary disks around the WW Cha star, with different physical properties for each disk, such as the size of the inner disk being 10 AU, while the size of the outer disk being 300 AU. The shape of the outer disk is a flaring disk not a flat disk according to the value of the power law for the surface density (1.5). The emission in the disk is caused by small amorphous olivine grains ranging in

     This paper introduces the Right Truncated Inverse Gompertz Distribution (RTIGD) with two parameters δ and ϑ with some of its properties as; (Survival-Function, Hazard-Function, cumulative distribution function, probability density function, ‎r-th moment, mean, variance, Moment Generating Function, Median, and Mode. In addition, we propose a new hybrid algorithm, namely the firefly Algorithm with Cuckoo Search Algorithm (FA_CSA) to estimate the parameters based on the survival functions of RTIGD. Simulation is utilized to compare the proposed algorithm with traditional methods, for example, the Maximum Likelihood Estimator and moment method and the standard algorithms Firefly Algorithm and Cuckoo Search. In most cases, the re

One of the most effective mathematical concepts for developing a clear picture of topological cluster proximity spaces is the follower points and the takeoff points. These are utilized in current study to construct three sets called the cluster outer set, the cluster disputed set and the cluster brim set denoted by , respectively. These three sets have divided the space into three separate pairs. On the other hand, the most important results, properties, and relationships between the sets were highlighted and studied.

     Data generated from the internet and modern applications is extensive and rapidly expanding. So, all modern applications must successfully perform tasks using this massive data. Therefore, one of the significant factors for the success of any application is understanding and extracting meaningful information using digital analytics tools to positively impact the application's performance and deal with challenges that can be encountered. On the other hand, cloud computing is simply an environment comprising a collection of high-performance services from various vendors. These services can frequently access and process massive amounts of data faster than a traditional computer. One of these services is cloud analytics, which appli

گستردگی حوزه­ی افکار سعدی، مشحون بودن آثار او از آیات قرآنی و احادیث نبوی و کلام دیگر بزرگان دینی و همچنین حضور چشمگیر او در فرهنگ جامعه­ی ایرانی در طول چند قرن گذشته، انگیزه و دلیلی می­شود تا از مجموعه­ی افکار او آگاهی بیشتری کسب کنیم. از جمله اعتقادات سعدی که شایسته است به بررسی آن بپردازیم، موضوع دنیاست؛ چراکه این موضوع، به علت اهمیت آن، همواره در میان اندیشه ها و مکاتب گوناگون، محل بحث بوده است و گروه­های م

يركز هذا البحث على دراسة القيود المدونة في المخطوطات وكيف يمكن الإفادة منها باعتبارها مصدراً مهماً في دراسة التاريخ ومعرفة تفاصيل جمة قد لا تكون متوافرة في المصادر التقليدية التي تعتمد عليها الدراسات بشكل كبير، كما أن هذه القيود أو خوارج النص يمكن أن تكون بصيغ وأشكال متعددة إما على شكل إجازات أو قيود فراغ من الكتابة والتي تسمى حرد المتن أو تكون وقفيات وتملكات، أو قيود فراغٍ أو سماعٍ أو إجازةٍ أو مناولة وغير

In this paper the diagrams and divided power of the place polarization
(k )
ij  , with
its capelli identities have been used, to study the complex of Lascoux in case of the
partition (4,4,4).

В данной статье рассматриваются некоторые лингвистические проблемы, возникающие при переводе Священного Корана с арабского на русский язык. Анализируем лексические, синтаксические и семантические проблемы и аргументированно подкрепляем примерами Аятов из Корана, поскольку, Коран − это слово Аллаха. Он содержит молитвы и инструкции, полные как буквальных представлений, так и образных сравнений. Выявл

A microbial contamination of several primary schools (official and private) in
Baghdad city was conducted. Sampling was performed in each school from desk,
door handle, and hand of students.
Out of 113swabs (classes desk, door holder, and students hands ) obtained from
ten primary schools, growth wasobserved in 91 samples (80.5%) (for official
school 84.6% and 71.4 for private school.
The results of recent study revealed that the official schools showed higher
contamination levels(130 CFU ) than private ones (90 CFU).
Resultes revealed that a total of 12 morphologically different bacterial species
were isolated from 62 bacterial isolates,among which gram negative bacteria 40
isolates(64.5%) were higher than

Helminthes are among transmitting pathogens including Ancylostomiasis,
Ascariasis, Enterobiasis, Hymenolepiasis, Strongyloidiasis, Taeniasis, Trichuriasis,
Schistosomiasis, Echinococcosis. These helminthes have high effect on public
health in human population around the world. Iraq is one of the most important
endemic areas in the Middle East.The objective of this study is to determine the
prevalence of some parasitic helminthes in Iraq from 2011 until 2015. This study
was carried out in all Iraqi governorates from 2011until June, 2015.In 2015, the
results showed that 6 patients were infected with Ancylostomiasis, 89 patients were
infected with Ascariasis, 56206 patients were infected with Enterobiasis, 173patient

The present work aimed to make a comparative investigation between three different ionospheric models: IRI-2020, ASAPS and VOACAP. The purpose of the comparative study is to investigate the compatibility of predicting the Maximum Usable Frequency parameter (MUF) over mid-latitude region during the severe geomagnetic storm on 17 March 2015. Three stations distributed in the mid-latitudes were selected for study; these are (Athens (23.50^o E, 38.00^o N), Jeju (124.53^o E, 33.6^o N) and Pt. Arguello (239.50^o W, 34.80^o N). The daily MUF outcomes were calculated using the tested models for the three adopted sites, for a span of five-day (the day of the event and two days preceding

The proposed framework can capture realistic spatiotemporal variations in atmospheric turbulence parameters based on local meteorological conditions, such as Fried's parameter r₀, isoplanatic angles θ₀, seeing ε, scintillation rate , and the wavefront coherence time τ₀. Those parameters have been deduced from the refractive index structure parameter Two Iraqi locations were compared, specifically the middle and southern borders, and atmospheric turbulence parameters relevant to astronomical observation were measured, lines were drawn at latitudes 34.26° and 28.31°, respectively. The methodology included collecting meteorological data from both sites and performing numerical simulati

This paper aims to study the rate of star formation (SFR) in luminous infrared galaxies at different wavelengths using distance measurement techniques (dl, dm) and to know which methods are the most accurate to determine the rate of star formation as we present through this research the results of the statistical analysis (descriptive statistics) for a sample of luminous infrared galaxies. The data used in this research were collected from the NASA Extragalactic Database (NED) and HYPERLEDA, then used to calculate the star formation rate and indicate the accuracy of the distance methods used (dl, dm). Two methods were tested on Hα, OII, FIR, radio continuum at 1.4 GHz, FUV, NUV, and total (FUV + FIR). The results showed that the dl meas

The effect of diode laser radiation 805nm on the viability of some types of Gram negative and Gram positive pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis and Bacillus cereus) was studied. These types of bacteria were irradiated at 0.94, 2.01 and 2.76 Wat for 1 minute as an exposure time of laser radiation. The results showed that this type of laser radiation had an inhibition action on E. coli, S. pyogene, B. cereus, and S. aureus and a stimulation effect on S. enteritidis and K. pneumonia. In both cases, the effect was dose-dependent.

This paper propose the semi - analytic technique using two point osculatory interpolation to construct polynomial solution for solving some well-known classes of Lane-Emden type equations which are linear ordinary differential equations, and disusse the behavior of the solution in the neighborhood of the singular points along with its numerical approximation. Many examples are presented to demonstrate the applicability and efficiency of the methods. Finally , we discuss behavior of the solution in the neighborhood of the singularity point which appears to perform satisfactorily for singular problems.

Array antennas have an interesting role in the radio astronomy field. The array antennas allow astronomers to obtain high-resolution signals with high sensitivity to weak signals. This paper estimates the meteors' positions entering the Earth's atmosphere and develops a simulation for array antenna radar to analyze the meteor's echoes. The GNU radio software was used to process the echoes, which is a free open-source software development toolkit that provides signal processing blocks to implement in radio projects. Then, the simulation determines the azimuth and elevation of the meteors. An improved Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm has been suggested to analyze these echoes. The detected power of each meteor echo has a Do

The aim of this paper is to introduce the definition of a general fuzzy norned space as a generalization of the notion fuzzy normed space after that some illustrative examples are given then basic properties of this space are investigated and proved.

For example when V and U are two general fuzzy normed spaces then the operator  is a general fuzzy continuous at u  V if and only if u in V implies S(u) in U.

In this work, we consider a modification of the Lotka-Volterra food chain model of three species, each of them is growing logistically. We found that the model has eight equilibrium points, four of them always exist, while the rest exist under certain conditions. In terms of stability, we found that the system has five unstable equilibrium points, while the rest points are locally asymptotically stable under certain satisfying conditions. Finally, we provide an example to support the theoretical results.

This paper is concerned with studying the numerical solution for the discrete classical optimal control problem (NSDCOCP) governed by a variable coefficients nonlinear hyperbolic boundary value problem (VCNLHBVP). The DSCOCP is solved by using the Galerkin finite element method (GFEM) for the space variable and implicit finite difference scheme (GFEM-IFDS) for the time variable to get the NS for the discrete weak form (DWF) and for the discrete adjoint weak form (DSAWF) While, the gradient projection method (GRPM), also called the gradient method (GRM), or the Frank Wolfe method (FRM) are used to minimize the discrete cost function (DCF) to find the DSCOC. Within these three methods, the Armijo step option (ARMSO) or the optimal step opt