The field of mathematical morphology contributes a wide range of operators to image processing, all based around a few simple mathematical concepts from set theory. The two most basic operations in mathematical morphology are erosion and dilation, both of these operators take two pieces of data as input; an image to be eroded or dilated, and a structuring element. Opening and closing are two important operators from mathematical morphology; they are both derived from the fundamental operations of erosion and dilation. The primary application of mathematical morphology in this work occurs in binary images throw applying erosion and dilation operations to extract boundary edges, and then basic morphology operations are adopted to grey leve

The iris of human eye is one of the most useful traits for biometric recognition.
This paper presents an iris recognition system based on semantic indexing. The
proposed system uses the concepts of latent semantic indexing (LSI) for iris
recognition. One technique of LSI is the singular value decomposition (SVD). The
SVD is an information retrieval uses numerical decomposition methods to compute
one characteristic value (i.e. SVD) for each iris image to be used as a recognition
feature. The proposed system consists of two phases: the training and recognition.
The training phase is responsible on storing the iris models in the database, while the
task of recognition phase is to compute the similarit

Most of the Arabic language vocabulary is built from the roots derivation. These roots are words composed of three to five consonants letters. Any performance in Arabic language for the purpose of information retrieval needs to deal with the language morphological and structural changes first (which is called the stemming process) then a statistical method for extracting information is implemented. This approach presents a method for categorizing the Classical Arabic Poetry (CAP) into its categorizations: Ghazal, Medeh, Wasef, Hijaa',..etc. by combining the algorithm of a light stemmer (which identify sets of prefixes and suffixes in an Arabic word in order to reach to the word root after removing the suffixes and prefixes) with "N-gram"

Analyzing Google map to find optimal path routing is an important and advanced
strategy in geographic information system (GIS), it provides strong decision support
for the users in service area.
Optimal path routing system built to allows the users, businesses, and militaries to
find the optimal path (shortest and fastest path) between any two points (locations)
on a road networks (edges) of Google map image.

   Cyberbullying is one of the major electronic problems, and it is not a new phenomenon. It was present in the traditional form before the emergence of social networks, and cyberbullying has many consequences, including emotional and physiological states such as depression and anxiety. Given the prevalence of this phenomenon and the importance of the topic in society and its negative impact on all age groups, especially adolescents, this work aims to build a model that detects cyberbullying in the comments on social media (Twitter) written in the Arabic language using Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Random Forest methods in building the models. After a series of pre-processing, we found that the accuracy of classification of t

High peak to average power ration (PAPR) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is an important problem, which increase the cost and complexity of high power amplifiers. One of the techniques used to reduce the PAPR in OFDM system is the tone reservation method (TR). In our work we propose a modified tone reservation method to decrease the PAPR with low complexity compared with the conventional TR method by process the high and low amplitudes at the same time. An image of size 128×128 is used as a source of data that transmitted using OFDM system. The proposed method decrease the PAPR by 2dB compared with conventional method with keeping the performance unchanged. The performance of the proposed method is tested with

The main aim of this research is to define the mineralogical composition of recent sediments deposited around the Al-Teeb river basin in eastern Missan, trying to determine the provenance or the source of these sediments.

       The study area represents the southeastern edge of the Mesopotamian Plain and is part of it. Quaternary deposits cover most of the area. It is clayey with old sea and river deposits and part of aeolian deposits.

       These sediments cover 95% of the study area, while the older rocks, which date back to the Tertiary (Late Miocene – Pliocene), exposed in the area east and northeast of the Al-Teeb area, made up hills which back to the undifferentiated Pliocene Mukdadiya and Bai-Hassan f

     In this research, a type of gram negative bacteria was exposed to non-thermal plasma at a distance of (2 and 3 cm) from the plasma flow nozzle, with the use of an alternating power supply (5KHz), where exposure was made at two different voltages (4.9 and 8 kV). A negative gram of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria was isolated and exposed to non-thermal plasma at different flow rates of argon gas whose value ranged from (1-5) liters/minute. The results showed that bacterial killing rate is directly proportional to distance while exposing the samples to non-thermal plasma, and the best factors by which a complete killing rate was obtained were at a distance of 2 cm with a voltage of 8 kV and a gas flow rate of 5 liters/min,

     The relationship between Al-Wand lake and groundwater was studied in Khanaqin cityby identifying water levels for Al-Wand lake and the shallow groundwater aquifer for 2019 and 2020. The hydrochemical analyses of Al-Wand river water, Al-Wand lake water and shallow groundwater, and identifying the grain size analysis and mineralogy of the surface sediments have been done. This relationship was adopted on climate data of the study area by knowing which seasons contained water surplus or water deficit, and  porosity and permeability define of soil that affects groundwater movement, and identify the salinity that effect on water quality.

     The dynamical behavior of an ecological system of  two predators-one prey updated with incorporating prey refuge and Beddington –De Angelis functional response had been studied in this work, The essential mathematical features of the present model have been studied  thoroughly. The system has local and global stability when certain conditions are met.  had been  proved respectively.  Further, the system has no saddle node bifurcation but transcritical bifurcation and Pitchfork bifurcation are satisfied while the Hopf bifurcation does not occur. Numerical illustrations are performed  to validate the model's applicability under consideration. Finally, the results are included in the form of points in agreement with the obt

     The spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria is a worldwide problem. Due to the importance of P. aeruginosa as a multidrug resistant bacterium, this study aimed, through molecular techniques, to detect point mutations in chromosomal genes responsible for the quinolones class of antibiotics resistance. A total of 52 isolates from burn infections were identified using specific primers for P. aeruginosa 16S rDNA. Ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were estimated using the agar dilution assay. DNA sequences of the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA and parC were determined for detecting the mutations found in these genes and the relations among the i

Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common comorbidities associated with enlarged extremities, occurring in 60 % of patients with acromegaly. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship of growth hormone and insulin such as growth factor-1 with obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-10), as risk factors for cardiovascular disorder in acromegaly patients. Eighty subjects were included and categorized into two groups: 40 acromegaly patients and 40 of the control group. The results indicated weight excess, hyperglycemia, hypertension, lipid disorder, and elevated levels of interleukins (2, 6, and 10). The correlation of both GH and IGF-1 with each of weight, BMI, systolic blood p

In this study, the nanocrystal-ZnS-loaded graphene was synthesized by a facile coprecipitation route. The effect of graphene on the characterization of Zinc Sulphide (ZnS) was investigated. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) results reveal that ZnS has cubic system while hexagonal structure which is observed by loading graphene during the preparation of ZnS. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis proved the presence of all expected elements in the prepared materials. Nanosize of fabricated materials has been measured using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) technique. This study also found that the graphene plays a critical role in lowering the optical energy gap of ZnS nanoparticles from 4 eV to 3.2 eV. The characterization of detec

     Flooding hazard is an important and dangerous natural phenomenon that leads to significant material losses. It should be studied and scenario to prevent significant losses. The studies should consider the impact of many factors such as human, infrastructure, economic,..etc. The main objective of the research is the risk management procedure. The study was conducted in Baghdad, Iraq. The materials for completing this research were prepared by gathering a satellite image and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) via the USGS website, then processed, analyzed, and converted into a different flood region concerning the probability of rising water levels where the normal height of Baghdad city is 28m over sea level. This scenario defines 3m,

The Paleocene-Early Eocene sequence is represented by Aliji and Umm Er Radhuma formations, while the Middle-Late Eocene sequence is represented by Jaddala and Dammam formations. The Rus Formation has been described and its basin was analyzed separately because it was deposited during the regression period (Middle Eocene), which is a transitional period between these two cycles.  

This study includes analysis of the geohistory of this succession,  interpretation of the changes of the accumulation, and calculation of subsidence rates. The results were compared with the space available to explain the basin development. The study site included the boreholes of Garraf-84 and 92, Halfaya-1, Nasirya-13 and 40, and Noor-5 at th

CZTS / CdS / ZnO / ITO solar cell was studied using Solar Cell Capacitance Simulato-1D (SCAPS-1D) program. We performed an improvement on the theoretical cell by increasing the doping and thickness of some layers. As a result, the efficiency was shifted from 2.18% to 6.17% and several back reflection layers (BSL) were introduced on the enhanced cell until. We obtained a highest conversion efficiency of 13.99%.  The best reflection layer (CZTSSe) was combined with the best buffer layer (CdSe), with thickness of 0.9µm, on the enhanced cell. Thereby, we obtained a cell with a conversion efficiency of 16.53%. A second improvement was made to the best obtained cell, where the CZTSSe with thickness of 0.05µm and the CdSe with thickness

An eco-epidemiological system incorporating a vertically transmitted infectious disease is proposed and investigated. Micheal-Mentence type of harvesting is utilized to study the harvesting effort imposed on the predator. All the properties of the solution of the system are discussed. The dynamical behaviour of the system, involving local stability, global stability, and local bifurcation, is investigated. The work is finalized with the numerical simulation to observe the global behaviour of the solution.

The cyanobacteria strains were used in bioreactors to produce biomass. The total biomass after one month in suitable conditions such as efficient gas exchange, powerful light source and suitable medium composition was 7.99 mg/ml for N. commune and 5.83mg/ml for A. circinalis. These algae were applied alone or mixed in two rates (5 or 10 ml/ 100 g compost); Azotobacter chroococcum was used before 7 days of harvesting or with other cyanobacteria species. The total Nitrogen showed 1.84% with Azotobacter, however the nitrogen in mix culture was 1.80% mean while, the control treatment was 1.49%.. These results indicate that we can reduce chemical fertilizers by 1/4 or may 1/2 dose of normal requirement on growth and yield of chickpea plant.

• أنطلقت فلسفة الفكر الديني في مجتمع بلاد الرافدين من فلسفة التأثر بمظاهر الطبيعة، ومحاولة محاكاتها، واسترضائها، كما الاعتقاد بوجود قوة خفيه فيها.
• تعدد الآلهة السومرية، والبابلية، والأشورية، نتيجة لتعدد المظاهر الطبيعة مثل السماء، ما فيها من النجوم والكواكب، والارض وما عليها من جبال وأنهار ووديان ونبات وحيوان.
• الشمس : هي أول الأجرام السماوية التي لفتت إليها أنظار البشر ا

يعد النحو والبلاغة ركنين أساسين في النظام اللغوي ،ولاشك أن أنظمة المعجم أوالصرف أو الصوت لها أهمية في النظام اللغوي عموما،ولكن لنظامي النحو والبلاغة مزيد نظر واهتمام عند دارسي اللغة لتعلقهما بصناعة الكلام وكيفية انجازه وتوزيعات الكلام على مناسباتِ أوضاعٍ تستوعب المتكلم والمتلقي معا،وقد نبه عبدالقاهر الجرجاني الى العلاقة بين النحو والبلاغة بصورة واضحة حينما لخص مباحث النحو في أربع صفحات لتكون مدخلا الى

 يتناول البحث جانباً حيوياً من جوانب الأدب، وهو الفضاء الكتابي/ البصري، ونعني به: الشكل الخارجي المرئي للقصيدة، طريقة توزيع الأسطر، توزيع كتل الكتابة، علامات الترقيم من نقاط وفوارز وعلامات استفهام وتعجب وأقواس وما إلى ذلك، وهو جانب كان مهملاً نوعاً ما من لدن الشعراء والنقاد على حد سواء، إلا أن التقنيات الحديثة قد وفرت فرصة للتوظيف الجمالي والدلالي من خلال فنون الطباعة المختلفة، ولم تعد علامات ا

In this work, there will be upgraded on the work of (Mahmood and Mahmood , 2018) by finding a general rule of the code for any text made from any number of words by using James e-Abacus Diagram in partition theory

In this study consideration is given to viscous, incompressible, second order fluid flowing in a rectangular duct, with varying aspect ratio, under the action of the pressure gradient. In particular consideration is given to visco-inelastic liquid. An orthogonal coordinates system has been framed to describe the fluid motion and it is found that the motion equations are controiled by two parameters namely: Dean number and the Non-Newtonian parameter. Soluuons for the secondary flow and the axial velocity are derived as perturbations over straight pipe appearing through the dean number. The finite-difference method is employed to find a perturbation solution. These solutions have heen developed in certain coordinates for harmonic and biha

تبين من خلال البحث ان عنصر الحديد و المنغنيز عند الموقع (o)  يمثل نهر ديالى قبل الالتقاء في نهر دجله اذ بلغت قيمهم خلال شهر تشرين الثاني 6.51 و 5.12 للحديد و المنغنيز اما خلال شهر شباط فقد بلغت 8.36 و6.203 على التوالي وتبين ان هذا الموقع غير  صالح لغرض زراعة المحاصيل الشتوية لأنه يؤثر سلبا فيها. اما بقية العناصر فهي ضمن الحدود المسموح بها  وفق الاعتماد على المعيار التابع لمنظمة الاغذية و الزراعة العالمية.

المستخلص :

      ركز هذا البحث على نمذجة التعميم الخرائطي الآلي ضمن منطقة داقوق وكذلك الرموز الموقعة لاستخدامات الأراضي الزراعية في منطقة الدراسة ضمن محافظة كركوك ولمقاييس رسم مختلفة. ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة اعتمدت الدراسة على منهج تحليل النظم في تعامله مع البيانات الجغرافية وفق منهج التحليل الخلوي أو الشبكي ( Raster or Grid Data Analysis ) ويستند على المرئيات الفضائية الـ(Raster).، وطريقة المنهج التح

يهدف هذا البحث الموسوم بـ (استـراتيجيات التناص في ديوان (زنابق برية) للشاعر يحيى السماوي) إلى دراسة استـراتيجية مفهوم التناص عند القدماء والمحدثين، وبيان مصادره، وأشكاله، واستـراتيجية ألوان التناص: كاستـراتيجية التناص المباشر وتضم هذه الاستـراتيجية استـراتيجيتين هما: استـراتيجية التناص المباشر الداخلي، واستـراتيجية التناص المباشر الخارجي. ويقصد بالداخلي تناص العبارات والتـراكيب من الرباعيات

هدفت الدراسة للتعرف على درجة مساهمة منصات التعليم عن بعد في الحد من التنمر الإلكتروني من وجهة نظر معلمات المرحلة الابتدائية، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة فقد اعتمد الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، فيما تم استخدام الاستبانة كأداة رئيسة لجمع البيانات من عينة الدراسة والتي تكونت من (116) معلمة من معلمات المرحلة الابتدائية في منطقة عسير، تم اختيارها بطريقة عشوائية بسيطة، وقد توصلت الدراسة لعدة نتائج كان من أهمها: أن د

يسعى البحث إلى تقديم قراءةٍ للجهود اللسانيَّة التي بثَّها الدكتور عادل فاخوري 1939-2017في مؤلَّفاته وأبحاثه التي اشتغل عليها لما يُقارب الأربعين عامًا، ومراقبة الكيفيَّة التي نظر بها إلى التراث العربيِّ، في ضوء الرؤى اللسانية الحديثة.  وعلى الرغم من أنَّ فاخوري متخصصٌ بالفلسفة والمنطق الرياضيِّ إنَّنا نجد له كتاباتٍ وأبحاثًا لسانيَّة مهمَّةً، لم يُسلَّط الضوء عليها من قريبٍ أو بعيدٍ، فقد سطَّر الباحثُ في مص