In this paper solar radiation was studied over the Iraqi countary land. The best sun duration hours regions (maximum hours) in Iraq were estimated detected by using Geographic information system (GIS Ver. 9.2) program to apply the (Inverse distance weighting) IDW exact interpolation technique depending on the measured data of metrological stations were distributed on the land areas of Iraq. The total area of the best regions was calculated .Excel 2007 program is used in calculation, graphics and comparison the results.

In this paper, a simple medical image compression technique is proposed, that based on utilizing the residual of autoregressive model (AR) along with bit-plane slicing (BPS) to exploit the spatial redundancy efficiently. The results showed that the compression performance of the proposed techniques is improved about twice on average compared to the traditional autoregressive, along with preserving the image quality due to considering the significant layers only of high image contribution effects.

In this paper, a new modification was proposed to enhance the security level in the Blowfish algorithm by increasing the difficulty of cracking the original message which will lead to be safe against unauthorized attack. This algorithm is a symmetric variable-length key, 64-bit block cipher and it is implemented using gray scale images of different sizes. Instead of using a single key in cipher operation, another key (KEY2) of one byte length was used in the proposed algorithm which has taken place in the Feistel function in the first round both in encryption and decryption processes. In addition, the proposed modified Blowfish algorithm uses five Sboxes instead of four; the additional key (KEY2) is selected randomly from additional Sbox

There are different types of young isolated NSs: radio pulsars, compact central X-ray sources in supernova, magentas: anomalous x-ray pulsars (AXPs) and soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs).This paper shows that the value of magnetic field (B), characteristic age ( ), spin down luminosity ( equilibrium period ( and Flux density ( ) was determined depending on some properties of pulsar star, such as the value of period of the pulsar (P) and the time derivative period ( for sample stars which were adopted. The model that which adopted is Hallo Cone Model. The results showed that the Normal pulsar stars have a big magnetic field, equilibrium period and Spin down than the Millisecond pulsar stars.But Millisecond pulsar stars have large values of

The aim of most researchers is to complete full projects for establishing renewable sources stations. The project depend on many variables, which is called criteria, that’s makes the project workable or not. The criterion which studied in this paper is roads suitability for transporting turbines from the loading ports to construction site. One of the important factors which must provide paved roads for transportation and within standard. Southern Um-Qasr port is the best choice to receive wind turbine equipments. The nods down to the construction region will face 0 turns, 2 bridges that crosses over and 23 bridges that passes underneath.

The L. Cretaceous succession is the main reservoir rock in the south of Iraq. Although the upper Jurassic Sargelu Formation is the main source rock in this area; however, the organic-rich interval within the studied succession, is contribute in these huge accumulations of petroleum. The pyrolysis parameters of the succession; Sulaiy, yamama, Zubair, and Nahr Umr formations showed that the main kerogen type is type III and II with moderate to good HI, which they refer to gas and/or oil prone especially in Zubair, Nahr Umr, and Sulaiy formations. The quantity parameters indicate potential source intervals in respect to (TOC). The maturity parameters suggest the threshold and peak of petroleum generation, which Tmax values ranged around 430

The drought is a globally phenomenon, its influence will convert large parts of Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region into hot dry deserts under the expectations of the climate change scenarios. Climate limitations, soil erosion affected by weather properties such as unequally and limited rainfall; temperature changing and wind, unsuitable irrigation techniques, excessive grazing, agricultural expansion against to the natural habitats, extensively clearance of natural vegetation, and soil salinity had all contributed to land degradation, reduced water supplies, and limited agricultural production in Iraq. It is estimated that nearly 54.3 % of Iraq's area is threatened by desertification problems.
In this research, for Iraq the Cl

Currently voting process is paper based form, by using voting card or paper; thus the counting method is done manually, which exhausts a lot of time. Obsolete votes may be possibly occurring. This paper introduced a system in which voting and counting is done with the help of computer. The election process would be easier, it saves time, avoid errors while counting and obsolete votes are reduced. Electronic voting (E-voting) system is a voting system in which the election related data is stored and handled digitally, it would become the quickest, cheapest, and the most efficient way to administer election and count vote it is considered a means to further enhance and strengthen the democratic processes in modern information societies. Th

This work generalizes Park and Jung's results by introducing the concept of generalized permuting 3-derivation on Lie ideal.

Fumonisin B1 is a toxic compound produced by Fusarium verticillioides. Liver and kidney are the major organs considered target to FB1 toxicity that is characterized by apoptotic, necrosis, and regeneration. Thirteen local isolates of F. verticillioides isolated form maize samples that collected from local markets and silos in Baghdad. Morphological identification are occurred and confirmed by PCR and their ability to produce FB1 was detected using ELISA techniques, Thirty six male albino mice were divided into six groups. Each group orally gavaged with different concentration of FB1. After 24hours, all treated mice were examined to determine the concentration which killed half of animals and was considered as LD50, the remaining groups w

The gaps and cracks in an image result from different reasons and affect the images. There are various methods concerning gaps replenishment along with serious efforts and proposed methodologies to eliminate cracks in diverse tendencies. In the current research work a color image white crack in-painting system has been introduced. The proposed inpainting system involved on two algorithms. They are Linear Gaps Filling (LGF) and the Circular Gaps Filling (CGF). The quality of output image depends on several effects such as: pixels tone, the number of pixels in the cracked area and neighborhood of cracked area and the resolution the image. The quality of the output images of two methods (linear method: average Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PS

The ground state charge, proton and matter densities and their rms radii of some Te-isotopes are studied by means of the Skyrme–Hartree–Fock (SHF) method with the Skyrme parameters namely; SKB, SGI, SKM, SKX, MSK7 and SLy4. Also, the neutron skin thickness, the elastic charge form factor and the binding energy per nucleon are calculated in the same framework. The calculated results have been compared with the available experimental data.
PACS Nos.: 21.10.Ft, 25.30.Bf

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Algorithms for Arabic stemming available in two main types which are root-based approach and stem-based approach. Both types have problems which have been solved in the proposed stemmer which combined rules of both main types and based on Arabic patterns (Tafealat1) to find the added letters. The proposed stemmer achieved root exploration ratio (99.08) and fault ratio (0.9).

نلاحظ اليوم ان اكثر الانظمة تستعمل العنف الناعم او ما يعرف بالعنف الرمزي الذي يتغلغل في مختلف اشكال الحياة السياسية والدينية والفكرية والاجتماعية، اذ يأخذ هذا النوع من العنف صورة رمزية واضحة، تمكن ممارسها من الوصول الى غايته وتحقيق ما يصبو اليه من سيطرة دون اللجوء الى القوة الواضحة والمعلنة. وقد هدف البحث الحالي الى تحقيق مجموعة من الاهداف التي تم التحقق منها من خلال بناء مقياس للعنف الرمزي ثم تطبيق ذلك الم

هذا البحث دراسة وتحقيق لموضوع مهم في فقه ابي حنيفة وهي مسألة الوكالة وقد قسمتها الى قسمين قسم دراسي اشتمل على تعريف بالمؤلف وجهوده العلمية ، وكيفية تحقيقه للنص ، وقسم تحقيقي عملت فيه على ضبط الرسالة والتعليق على وفق أصول التحقيق العلمي.

يتناول هذا البحث القيم الجمالية عند أحد شعراء العصر الفاطمي، ألا وهو (ابن مكنسة ت510هـ)، ويعد العصر الفاطمي الذي بدأ في منتصف القرن الرابع الهجري البداية الأولى للشعر المصري، إذ لم تكن البيئة المصرية تحفل بالشعر إلا من خلال الشعراء الوافدين عليها من الخارج، وعندما اعتلى الفاطميون منصة الحكم في مصر، برز أمراء وقادة عدة يتخذون من الشعر وسيلة لتمجيدهم، لذلك كان الشعراء يحرصون على اتقان اشعارهم؛ لنيل الحظوة من ا

To study the role of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Diospyros kaki fruits extracts, active
compounds were detected. The first extract contained glycoside, tannines, alkaloids,
saponines, terpines, steroides, flavones and coumarins, while the second extract
contained phenolics and resins in addition to the compounds mentioned above with
an exception of alkaloids and coumarins.
The inhibition effect of the extracts on the chromosomal aberration resulted from
sodium sulfate as mutagenic agent in human lymphocyte cells (In vitro) was evaluated at concentrations of 10, 15, 25, 50, 100 mcg/ml. Results showed
increasing in inhibition of the extracts on chromosomal aberration with the increase
of the concentration

The capacity of aqueous and alcoholic extract of Dianthus was studied on two
cell lines, which were: many adino carcinoma (AMN3) and normal cell line of Rat
embryo fibroblast (REF) in vitro and the effect was evaluated of these extracts
It was found that the crude extract of Dinthus contained resins, saponins,
flavonoides, comarins and phenols. Aqueous and alcoholic extract of Dianthus
showed a high inhibition activity on cancer cell lines in all concentrations used and
the effects of Dianthus appeared after 48 hours. From being exposed on the cell in
concentration of 1000 mg/ml.
The highest inhibition result in AMN3 cells were 58.3, 66.7% for both extracts
aqueous and alcoholic and the inhibi

        ينظر المرء إلى  طرائق معينة التي يمكنه بها إلى تحديد أي فعل يقوم به وتكون أفعاله هذه على شكل مستويات وبتسلسل هرمي تتراوح من الهويات منخفضة المستوى التي تحدد كيفية تنفيذ الفعل إلى الهويات عالية المستوى التي تدل على أسباب أو نتائج أو تأثيرات التي تترتب على تنفيذ الفعل، تميل هوية فعل واحدة فقط من بُنية تحديد هوية فعل الفرد إلى أن تكون هي المتقدمة ليتم تنفيذها من الفرد، يحدث ذلك على وفق

      اعتمد الانسان في قوته على الصيد وجمع النباتات البرية خلال العصور الحجرية كما انه استقر في مناطق مفتوحة وقرب منابع المياه وبدء يزرع بعض النباتات لتسد من حاجته فضلا عن مزاولة جمع المحاصيل البرية اذ زرع الانسان كل نبتة ذات فائدة له. وكشفت التنقيبات على ادوات حجرية تدل على ان الانسان قد تعلم الزراعة ومن بين هذه الادوات هي المناجل وقد عثر عليها في بعض مواقع العصر الحجري الوسيط مثل كهف زرزي وموقع ز

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of slow-response observations
taken over the centre of Baghdad city (Bab Al-Mhadham area). Measurements were
taken at two levels: 15 and 20 m and then wind speed profiles were derived
according to atmospheric stability indicated by Richardson number in the lower part
of planetary boundary layer. These profiles were constructed by logarithmic and
power-exponent laws after checking estimated winds at the same heights by these
laws with those observed. The estimated values of wind at these levels were in good
agreement with observed values. Mean wind profiles calculated from both laws have
logarithmic behavior especially in neutral conditions. They have the

     This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Cuminum cyminum seed aqueous extract on the function and histological structure of rat kidney treated with dibutyl phthalate (DBP). Eighteen albino rats weighing 190-240g and aged 10-12 weeks were used for this study which went on for 28 days. The rats were divided into three groups (each with six animals): 1^st  group: control rats were given food and tap water, 2^nd group was given DBP (420mg/Kg. B.W.)  with tap water and diet, 3^rd group were fed cumin plant orally at a daily dose of (200 mg/kg B.W.) and DBP (420mg/kg. B.W.) was given with drinking water and fed with diet daily. Kidney and liver function parameters were measured and hi

هدفَ البحث الى معرفة دور برامج السخرية التلفزيونية بتشكيل صورة السياسي العراقي، حيث تلخصت مشكلة الدراسة بالتساؤل الرئيس: ما دور السخرية في برامج التلفزيون بتشكيل صورة السياسي العراقي، وتنتمي هذه الدراسة إلى البحوث الوصفية، وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج المسحي، واستمارة الاستبانة أداة رئيسة لجمع المعلومات والبيانات، فضلًا عن الملاحظة والمقياس، واعتمد أيضًا على نظرية الغرس الثقافي دليلًا علميًا لتوجيه الب

The gravity method is a measurement of relatively noticeable variations in the Earth’s gravitational field caused by lateral variations in rock's density. In the current research, a new technique is applied on the previous Bouguer map of gravity surveys (conducted from 1940–1950) of the last century, by selecting certain areas in the South-Western desert of Iraqi-territory within the provinces' administrative boundary of Najaf and Anbar. Depending on the theory of gravity inversion where gravity values could be reflected to density-contrast variations with the depths; so, gravity data inversion can be utilized to calculate the models of density and velocity from four selected depth-slices 9.63 Km, 1.1 Km, 0.682 Km and 0.407 Km.

Environmental controls, especially for temperature and humidity, are essential to maintain the safety, purity and effectiveness of drugs. The measurement of humidity can be particularly difficult and important in climatic and thermostatic chambers (warehouses, ovens, cold rooms, fridges, drying rooms, insulated boxes, etc.).
The old method of monitoring and qualification of climatic and thermostatic chambers requires placing a defined number of recorders, then programming and store them. After that, to examine the values recorded to revolve the status of the climatic and thermostatic chambers, if they are compliant or not-complaint at any time, so all that goes to waste time and efficiency of values.
We can do the monitoring and qu

Shuaiba Formation is an important formation in Iraq, because of their deposition in the important period during the geological history of Arabian plate. The study is focused on a number of selected wells from several fields in southern Iraq, despite the many of oil studies to Shuaiba Formation but it lacks to paleontological studies. Four selected wells are chosen for the current study, Zb-290, Ru-358, R-624, WQ1-353, the selected wells are located within different fields, these are Zubair, Rumaila and West Qurna Oil Fields. In this study fourteen species followed to genus Hedbergella were discovered for first time as well as three genera followed to genus Heterohelix in the Shuaiba Formation at the different oil fields, Hedbergella tuni

The Jabal Sanam, a piercement salt plug, represents a unique geological phenomenon in southern Iraq. It is a remarkable geological landmark that rises about 141 m above sea level and covers approximately 2 km², surrounded by flat areas on all sides. A radiological survey was conducted on the Jabal Sanam structure to determine the natural radioactivity levels and related radiation hazard indices. Eleven different rock types from several locations at Jabal Sanam were collected. An optical microscope and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to examine and identify the variable rock types in this structure. Natural radioactivity using field and laboratory equipment for these rocks was measured. The findings indicated that the average

     The secondary sex ratio (SSR) is affected by many factors, including the concentration of hormones and infection with some pathogens such as Toxoplasma gondii. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hormone variability concentrations and toxoplasmosis infection on the secondary sex ratio. 150 pregnant women were selected, 60 infected with late toxoplasmosis (LT), 60 infected with early toxoplasmosis (ET) and 30 seronegative to toxoplasmosis. After tracking the birth outcomes of these women, we calculated SSR in each group. During the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, estrogen, testosterone, progesterone, TSH, T4 and T3 concentrations were measured. The results of the three groups were compared. The results s