In this paper we design a Simulink model which can be evaluate the concentration of Copper, Lead, Zinc, Cadmium, Cobalt, Nickel, Crum and Iron. So, this model would be a method to determine the contamination levels of these metals with the potential for this contamination sources with their impact. The aim of using Simulink environment is to solve differential equations individually and as given data in parallel with analytical mathematics trends. In general, mathematical models of the spread heavy metals in soil are modeled and solve to predict the behavior of the system under different conditions.

In the present work, experimental tests was done to explain the effect of insulation and water level on the yield output. Linear basin, single slope solar still used to do this purpose. The test was done from May to August 2017 in Mosul City-Iraq (Latitude: Longitude: Elevation: 200 m, and  South-East face). Experimental results showed that the yield output of the still increased by 20.785% and 19.864% in case of using thermal insulation at 4cm and 5cm respectively, also the yield output decrease by 15.134% as the water level increase from 4 to 5cm, with the presence of insulation and 14.147% without it. It has been conclude that the insulation and water level play important role in the process of passive

This research was conducted to study potassium status and forms in some desert Torrifluvents soil, from south of Libya and to clarify the effect of cultivation on its forms. Composite soil samples were collected from surface soils (0-30 cm) of some cultivated fields and from larva regions besides these fields. Various forms of potassium were determined i.e. soluble-K, NH₄OAC extractable-K, reserve-K, sulphuric acid-K, boiling nitric acid-K to determine primary step-K and total step-K, and total K. Results indicated that all soils have high content of soluble and exchangeable potassium, and within the range of arid and semi–arid soils. Reserve-K was ranged between 0.359– 3.422 cmol

An experiment  was conducted at Central lab of Graduate studies, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad during 2015-2016. The aim was to study the effect of colocynth fruit extract on inducing callus from embryos of two alfalfa cultivars were PAC-78001 and local variety by tissue culture technique using factorial experiment within CRD. Seeds was soaked with colocynth fruit extract at 0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 ml Li^-1 for 24 hours, then, sterilized by NaOCl at 4.5% for 15 minutes. The results showed significant differences between two cultivars responding to colocynth fruit extract levels. Concentration at 150 ml Li^-1 gave the highest both fresh an

 New simple and sensitive spectrophotometric methods for the determination of paracetamol in aqueous medium were developed. The first method is based on coupling of paracetamol with p-amino-2-hydroxy sodium benzoate (AHB) in the presence of sodium periodate, as oxidizing agent, to form a brownish-orange compound which shows a λmax at 470 nm. The molar absorptivity (εmax) of the colored product was found to be (3371) l.mole1.cm-1 and Sandel’s index 0.0449 μg.cm-2. The method follows Beer’s law in the concentration range of 12.5-500.0 μg of paracetamol in a final volume of 25 ml (0.5-20.0) μg.ml-1 with relative standard deviation percent (R.S.D%) ranged between 0.26-4.71% and accuracy, expressed by recover

A total of 109 fish specimens belonging to six species (Barbus grypus, B. luteus, B. xanthopterus, Cyprinion macrostomum, Cyprinus carpio and Liza abu) were collected from Tigris river passing through Salah Al-Deen province during the period from September 2008 till January 2009. These fishes were infected with nine parasite species which included two sporozoans (Myxobolus mülleri and Dermocystidium percae), three ciliates (Trichodina cottidarum, T. elegini and T. murmanica) and four monogenetic trematodes (Dactylogyrus rhodeianus, D. vastator, Paradiplozoon cyprini and Microcotyle donavini). Among these parasites, two trichodinids (T. elegini and T. murmanica) were reported for the first time from fishes of Iraq. Also, B. grypus is c

A   snake   is   an   energy-minimizing   spline   guided   by   external

constraint forces and influenced by image forces that pull it toward features such as lines and edges. Snakes are active contour models: they lock onto nearby edges, localizing them accurately. Snakes provide a unified account of a number of visual problems, including detection of edges, lines, and motion tracking. We have used snakes successfully for segmentation, in  which  user-imposed  constraint forces guide the snake near features of interest (anatomical structures). Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) data set and Ultrasound images are used for our experiments.

For  small   aberrations,  the  Â·suehl'  ratio of  an . im i'ng syStem

• depends on trne aberration v·ariance. Its· aberration fu.nct1on ·is e:qJanded in terms 9f-l nike polynomials. which are_ oirrh6goilal over a circular apeltitte. Their advane Uejn the    f;:l t tbat they call be icl.eritified. witl·c1a:s.sh::aj. abe,ttati{)ns 'balanced to jield  minimum varia,.o_q,and

thuS maximum St:rehl  t"a;tio. [n r«enr pap-er, we derived Cl<lse4 .fonn or

Zmike   polyhotnials  that  ate  orthonormal  over "- horizontal rect'angul'ar pupil'. (p.anil.lel to· the >Htxi.es) with ar'€

Fifty  isolates   of  Psel.ldomonas  aeruginosa were  obtained   from

(170)  isoiates  of ctlinical cases. Sensitivity  of the isolates t()  antibiotic leveled   showed   a   high   resistance    to   cefotaxime,  ceftazidime, gentamicin  and  tobramycin.  To  less  extent   was  the  resistance   to· amikacin  and  ciprofloxacine.  All isolates of        Pseudomonas aeru,ginosa were highly sensitive  tocefepime and imipenem.

Eighty six  perce

  This study aimed to obtain an isolate of a mold that has well characteristic for production of citric acid from raw materials available locally by solid-state fermentation and determination of the optimum conditions for production .Fourteen mold isolates producing acid were obtained from different sources, involved decayed fruits and soils. These isolates were subjected to initial qualitative screening followed by secondary quantitative screening In secondary screening a method combined between the submerged fermentation and solid-state fermentation was followed using a piece of sponge saturated by nutrients required for growth and production of acid. It was found that the isolate of A7 was the highest producer for citric acid tha

This study included the effect of chronic exposure of different concentrations of sodium chloride on the freshwater Crustacean Daphinea pulex from the order of Cladocera. The concentrations used for the chronic exposure were( 0.1‰, 0.5‰, 1‰, 1.5‰, 2‰ )to investigate the effect on the some reproductive parameter which included mean number of eggs and juveniles produced per female and per clutch,and mean number of clutch per female which decline from (6.0) clutch/female in the control treatment to (3.0) clutch/female in (2‰) concentrations, as well as to investigate the number of females produce the clutches and we found only one female produced six cluthes in the( 2‰) concentration of sodium chlor

This study demonstrates the relationship between physical activity, sleep, and health-related quality of life among college students, reporting gender differences in levels of physical activity and sleep.The sample comprised four hundred twenty male and female students from the University of Baghdad's College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. Three questionnaires were finished to gauge the quality of life concerning health, sleep, and physical activity. Stepwise regression, independent t-tests, and descriptive statistics were used to examine the data.The overall sample's health-related quality of life was strongly predicted by sleep characteristics and vigorous physical activity, according to the results (F = 0.017, p = 0.000).

ورد اسم مدينة سامراء في نصوص العصر الاشوري والبابلي سرمراتي كما وردت عند اللغويين والجغرافيين، فتقع مدينة سامراء على ضفاف نهر دجلة، انشأها الخليفة المعتصم واصبحت سامراء مقراً للخلافة العباسية اذ حكمها خمسة خلفاء في سامراء كان فيها الكثير من المعالم الاثرية كالمئذنة الملوية والنافورة قصر باكوره قصر العاشق والمعشوق،.... كما ضمت الكثير من الشوارع والمحلات والمعابد والمساجد مثل المسجد الجامع لمدينة المتوكلي

Communication and media technologies have seen several changes in the last two decades. These changes put the basis for the emergence of communicative and media practices on several levels including political, economic, technological and artistic. And these, in turn, led to the emergence of new media trends and phenomena in various areas of media worthily to be studied and researched for example online advertisings.                                                                                          Online advert

يعتبر فقهاء القانون الدولي القرصنة البحرية من الاعمال المحرمة دوليا ويعطي الحق لأي دولة في مكافحتها ومعاقبة مرتكبيها وانزال العقوبة بهم وهي قديمة قدم الملاحة البحرية ، وهذه الجريمة تعود الى الظهور بين فترة واخرى ومرتكبوها يزدادون قوة وسطوة, لقد اثار انهيار الحكومات في بعض الدول الافريقية كالصومال وعدم سيطرتها على الخارجين على القانون التساؤل حول اسباب انتشار القرصنة في البحر الاحمر وقبالة السواحل الصوما

تعد دراسة الجوانب الاجتماعية للحضارات الإسلامية أمرا في غاية الأهمية لفهم التطور الشامل لهذه الحضارات اذ ارتبطت الحياة الاجتماعية ارتباطاً وثيقاً بالحياة السياسية والاقتصادية في اية دولة أو امارة في العالم الإسلامي، وهذا البحث يسلط الضوء على جانب من الحياة الاجتماعية المتمثل بألعاب التسلية في الامارة السامانية والغزنوية اذ يسلط الضوء على أنواع الألعاب الرياضية السائدة في الامارتين ومدى تأثير البيئة ال

 يتناول البحث أثر الدوافع الدينية في تطور الحضارة العربية الإسلامية حتى نهاية العصر الأموي، إذ شكّل الإسلام منذ بعثة الرسول الكريم محمـد ﷺ نقطة التحول الكبرى في تاريخ العرب، فانتقلوا من حالة التفرق القبلي إلى وحدة دينية وسياسية قائمة على التوحيد والعدل والمساواة. وقد أسهمت التعاليم الإسلامية في تنظيم الحياة الاجتماعية، وترسيخ القيم الأخلاقية، وبناء مجتمع منضبط تحكمه الشريعة.

وفي عهد الخلفاء الراش

الأهداف: يهدف البحث إلى الكشف عن مدى اعتماد الشباب الجامعي العراقي على القنوات الفضائية بوصفها أحد المصادر الرئيسة للحصول على المعلومات المتعلقة بمخاطر المخدرات، والتعرّف إلى دورها في تعزيز الوعي لدى الشباب الجامعي بهذه المخاطر، فضلًا عن تحديد أبرز القنوات والأنماط البرامجية التي تسهم في تحقيق هذا الدور.
المنهجية: اعتمد البحث المنهج الوصفي بأسلوب المسح، لملاءمته طبيعة المشكلة وأهدا

In the contemporary electronic era, the significance of safeguarding information has attained crucial proportions. The watermarking technique has been utilized in several contexts for multimedia copyright protection, as it is recognized as one of the most prevalent protective techniques. This paper is concerned with utilizing a secure blind watermarking system based on the frequency domain, along with the new approach that mixes between the Lorenz chaotic system and the Geffe algorithm as a random key generator, to improve the key's randomness for watermark encryption and thereby increase security. The process primarily involves transforming the cover color image into the YCbCr color model and subsequently applying the Discrete Wavelet T

Doppler broadening technique is suggested to monitor the development of tumours. It depends on the sensitivity of positronium (Ps) annihilation parameters to the sub- microstructural changes in biological tissues. This technique uses high resolution HpGe detector to measure the lineshape parameters (S and W) in normal mice's mammary tissues and adenocarcinoma mammary tissues as a function of tumour growth. The results demonstrate that the central parameter (S) decreases and the wing parameter (W) increases as the tumour grow. It is found that the S parameter changes considerably with the distribution of voids which are affected by the tumour development. Therefore the present technique can successfully be employed to monitor the developm

شهد الاتحاد السوفيتي بعد انتهاء الحرب العالمية الثانية عام 1945 تحديات اقتصادية كبيرة نتيجة الدمار الواسع الذي أصاب البنية التحتية والقطاع الصناعي والزراعي، فأصبحت عملية إعادة الإعمار

Received: 2026 / 04 / 18
Revision: 2026 / 05 / 05
Accepted: 2026 / 05 / 19
Published: 2026 / 09 / 30

في هذا السياق أولوية قصوى في سياسة الدولة، اذ تبنت القيادة السوفيتية بقيادة جوزيف ستالين استراتيجية اقتصادية قائمة على إعادة الإعمار والتخطيط المركزي ركز

Received: 2026 / 03 / 02
Revision: 2026 / 03 / 15
Accepted: 2026 / 04 / 07
Published: 2026 / 09 / 30

يتناول هذا البحث الأوضاع العامة في إنكلترا خلال الحكم النورماندي في الفترة بين (1066-1145م)، مركّزًا على التحولات السياسية والاجتماعية التي صاحبت صعود أسرة بلانتجنيت إلى السلطة. يبدأ البحث بمحور أصول أسرة بلانتجنيت، مستعرضًا خلفيتها العائلية والنفوذ الذي مكّنها من فرض سيطرتها على إنكلترا. ثم ينتقل إلى محور مقاطعة نورماندي، موضحًا أهميته

International satellite channels in Arabic are targeted to the region with their news bulletins and their innovative programs, attracting the interest of the Arab viewers in their news articles and programs with new ideas and methods as well as high technology in the production and synthesis of videos. Therefore, they work on framing the above, And the media policy that governs, so focused the problem of the study to try to answer the question of the President is how to frame the international satellite channels in Arabic to the phenomenon of terrorism? What are the aspects that are working to highlight and aspects that try to hide? The study adopted the survey methodology for the main news bulletins in the Russian channel today for the

Comparative studies are, in a sense, a study of cultural identity in a broader and deeper way, as self-knowledge is in part an awareness of the other. Therefore, every study that falls within the scope of comparative literature is a study of the authentic human identity that is open to the other without distorting the individual self or cancellation of social, environmental or national affiliation.

      Modern comparative studies seek to go beyond the unilateral perspective of knowledge, which often leads its holders to condescend to all that may be the characteristics of the other. They strengthen the human ties between societies that differ in their culture, literature, and language, esp

Dust storms frequent in Iraq can have far-reaching consequences for the distribution and abundance of heavy and trace elements within the soil, ultimately influencing the dynamics of ecosystems. This study aims to identify the sources of the severe dust storm in Iraq on May 16, 2022, and assess the heavy element pollution and their environmental impacts. The results revealed that the hybrid-single-particle-Lagrange-integrated trajectory (HYSPLIT) model trajectory of the dust storm agreed with MODIS visuals. The primary dust storm sources are identified as follows: the first source is from the shared border region between Syria (south of Rif-Dimasshq) and Jordan (north of Al-Ruwaished), and the second is from the northwestern area of Iraq

This experiment was conducted at the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, during 2022 season to investigate the effect of spraying with melatonin, potassium sulfate, and organic zinc on the flowering and production stage, of 3-year old Kumquat saplings grafted onto lemon rootstock. The experiment was factorial within Randomized Completely Block Design using three replications. The factors of the experiment were foliar spraying with melatonin, potassium sulfate, and organic zinc. The treatments were applied at two times, spring and autumn. Each of the three factors independently influenced both the fruit characteristics and the concentration of c

انتجت الحضارة العراقية انواعا مختلفة من مقومات الابداع 

Background: Wound healing, as a normal biological process in the human body, is achieved through four precisely and highly programmed phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Growth factors released in the traumatized area promote cell migration into the wound area (chemotaxis), stimulate the growth of epithelial cells and fibroblasts (mitogenesis), initiate the formulation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis), and stimulate matrix formation and remodeling of the affected region. One of factors that effects on wound healing is a sex hormones and one of these hormones is an estrogen hormone. A wide range of cutaneous cell types (eg, fibroblast, endothelial, epithelial, and inflammatory) expressed estrogen receptors, in

summary of the research

The heart is the pine-shaped flesh on the left side of the chest. The moral gentleness in this flesh is called the home of perception, reason and understanding, as well as the place of desires and passions, so it turns between one desire and another between good and evil. As for its parts, it consists of four main parts called chambers, two rooms on the right As for the two chambers below, it is called the ventricle, the heart works regularly and accurately to pump blood and distribute it to all parts of the body and vital organs. And the Holy Quran divided the types of heart into two main types of healthy hearts, which are types (healthy, hidden, living....)

And the second type is sick hea