Abstract

 The issue of inequality in distribution of income and / or consumption expenditure is related to economic welfare because there is an inverse relationship between the economic welfare on the one hand, and the degree of inequality, on the other hand. Despite the fact that inequality is considered as normal phenomenon in every society, but if it exceeded certain limits it will lead to undesirable economic, social and political consequences. Therefore, the availability of indicators about inequality is a necessary tool for planning and evaluation of economic development programs. So, current study is aiming at measuring and analyzing the degree of inequality in distribution of consumpti

Background: Skull secondary tumors are malignant bone tumors which are increasing in incidence.Objective: The objectives of this study were to present clinical features , asses the outcome of patients with secondary skull tumors ,characterize the MRI features, locations, and extent of secondary skull tumors to determine the frequency of the symptomatic disease.Type of the study: This is a prospective study.Methods: This is a prospective study from February 2000 to February 2008. The patients were selected from five neurosurgical centers and one oncology hospital in Baghdad/Iraq. The inclusion criteria were MRI study of the head(either as an initial radiological study or following head CT scan when secondary brain tumor is suspected , vis

The present study aimed to identify the availability of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standards in the content of mathematics textbooks at the basic education stage in the Sultanate of Oman. The study used the descriptive-analytical approach, adopting the method of content analysis through using a content analysis tool that included (43) indicators distributed on the four NCTM standards related to the field of geometry, after verifying their validity and reliability. The study population consisted of mathematics textbooks (first and second semesters) for ninth-grade students in the Sultanate of Oman in the academic year 2018/2019, while the sample consisted of Geometry units in the content of those books, which a

The business environment is witnessing great and rapid developments due to the economic and technological development that has caused damage to human beings, which requires the need to reduce this damage and work to protect the environment and participate in supporting the social aspects. This requires economic resources to be realized by the economic units. Economic development in preserving the environment that has caused damage and supporting the social aspects that preserve human rights, enhance their position and satisfy their needs in society. Global professional organizations, the United Nations and stakeholder representatives have been issuing the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) to find guidelines for the preparation of

The problem of the research is that some companies lack the mechanisms and policies that to enhance the loyalty of these valuable resources, which led to difficulties in generating knowledge, producing, storing, investing and investing information to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. In addition, companies are still working with the traditional wage system (monthly salaries), which makes people not think about adding value to work. The research aims to determine the level of variables for researchers to clarify the impact of the organizational innovation climate on sustainable competitive advantage. The Qualitative approach is used based on research. The research was applied

The study aimed to recognize the impact of polygamy on academic achievement and self-confidence among Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University students. To achieve this goal, the researchers used the Descriptive Analytical method using The Self Confidence measurement ,that has been prepared for the purposes of this study, consists set of 29 questions, then applied to the students sample that emerges from polygamy and one- wife families, study sample consists of randomly selected 230 students registered for the year .1435-1436
The results of the study showed presence of medium statistical impact on the significance level (a 4 0.05), this proof significant statistical effect of polygamy on self-confidence among the sample of Prince Sat-tam Univ

يعاني الأطفال في الوقت الحاضر مأساة القتل والتعذيب لم يشهد التاريخ الإنساني مثيلا لها منذ مئات السنين. فلا يزال الملايين من الأطفال يتعرضون للقتل والتعذيب من جراء الحروب الأهلية والدّوليّة وبشكل خاص في الوطن العربيّ كالعراق وسوريا وليبيا واليمن وغيرها من الدّول العربيّة.

وقد تضمن البحث قواعد القانون الدّوليّ لحماية حق الحياة للطفل في المعاهدات الدّوليّة وقرارات المنظّمات الدّوليّة التّي ضمنت هذا ال

يحظى موضوع الاستثمار الاجنبي باهتمام دول العالم وخصوصاً النامية منها، وتزايد الاهتمام في الآونة الاخيرة بموضوع الاستثمار في العراق  باعتباره من الدول المتطلعة لجذب الاستثمارات الاجنبية ، ولاسيما في قطاع الموارد الطبيعية والتشييد ، بعد ان تغيرت نسبياً نظرة عدم الاطمئنان تجاه المستثمر الاجنبي سواء من قبل الدولة او المواطن .

فعلى الرغم من وجود نية للاتفاق بين حكومة الدولة  والمستثمرين نحو تحديد ال

لكل شخص مكانة ي المجتمع وقد در شخص مكانته بإرتكابه أفعالا يكشف ا عن . قة والأمانة به ّ سلوك متدن ي الخلق يفقدﻩ إحﺮامه ويضعف الث ، رف ّ نائي ا وصف الإخلال بالش ّ ع الج ّ لذلك ألحق المشر ، جرائما ّ ا كانت هذﻩ الأفعال تعد ّولم رائم ي قانون العقوبات عى سبيل المثال ّ وقد ذكرت هذﻩ الج ا يتطلب دراسة ّ وليس الحصر. مم ، بة عى ذلك ّ تائج المﺮت ّ والن، رائم أل توصف به ّ ة تحديد الج ّ هذا الوصف من حيث إمكاني وقد يرتكا الشخص ،

Out of 1279 stool sample only 245 were found to be infected with E.histolytica with total percentage 19% . Diagnostic study for E.histolytica by using techlab Eliza test showed that the non-pathogen E.dispar was significantly higher (78.9%) than E.histolytica (22%).We test the effect of the attenuated E. histolytica by gamma Radiation on the mortality rate in laboratory animals infected with E. histolytica by using increasing doses of radation (5,10,15,20and 25) Rad., the results showed that the percentage of mortality decrease when increase the dose of attenuated E.histolytica cyst in comparison with positive control group (non – attenuated group) it reached (100% ,66.7%, 33.3% 0% and 0%)respectively. Also we found that gamma radiatio

Simple and sensitive batch and flow injection methods (normal and reverse flow injection analysis (nFIA and rFIA)) for spectrophotometric determination of vancomycin hydrochloride (VHC) in pharmaceutical preparations were proposed and optimized. Both methods are based on the oxidative - coupling reaction between vancomycin hydrochloride and 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) in the presence of sodium periodate in alkaline medium to form a yellow water-soluble product that is stable and has a maximum absorption at 461 nm. Beer’s law was obeyed over the range of 1- 40, 0.5-120 and 0.5-150 μg.mL-1; the limits of detection were 0.537, 0.0823 and 0.233 μg.mL-1 for batch, normal and reverse flow injection methods respectively. The sampling

This paper deals with the Magnetohydrodynyamic (Mill)) flow for a viscoclastic fluid of the generalized Oldroyd-B model. The fractional calculus approach is used to establish the constitutive relationship of the non-Newtonian fluid model. Exact analytic solutions for the velocity and shear stress fields in terms of the Fox H-function are obtained by using discrete Laplace transform. The effect of different parameter that controlled the motion and shear stress equations are studied through plotting using the MATHEMATICA-8 software.

In this research, we built a program to assess Weibull parameters and wind power of three separate locations in Iraq: Baghdad, Basrah and Dhi-qar for two years 2009 and 2010, after collecting and setting the data available from the website "Weather Under Ground" for each of the stations Baghdad, Basrah and Dhi-qar. Weibull parameters (shape parameter and scale parameter) were estimated using maximum likelihood estimation method (MLE) and least squares method (LSM). Also, the annual wind speed frequencies were calculated noting speed most readily available through the above two years. Then, we plotted Weibull distribution function and calculate the most significant quantities represented by mean wind speed, standard deviation of the value

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi Aspergillus flavus in food and animals feed. It is considered as a carcinogenic toxin for human and animals. The current study is designed to investigate the incidence of mycoflora in twenty four samples of local stored maize collected from Iraqi governorates; investigate the presence of aflatoxin B1 on these samples using TLC and ELISA techniques. The fungi recovered from maize samples were Aspergillus flavus (18.57 % ), Fusarium spp. (12.8 % ), A. ocraceus (9.96 % ) , A. terrus (9.07 % ), A. fumigatus (8.46 % ) , Alternaria spp. (6.40 % ) Rhizopus spp. (4.98 % ), A. niger spp., A. oryzae spp. (4.80 % ), Penicillium spp. (4.53 %) A. versicolor spp., Rhizoctonia spp. (4.27 %), A

Pulsar stars divided into two types depending on the periods of rotation, normal
emission Pulsar and Millisecond pulsars (MSPs). In this paper, the effect of the
strong magnetic field on the thermal emission in Millisecond pulsar stars is
concentrated. Also the luminosity spin down (Lsp) are calculated depends on the
periods (P), and Period derivative (
P
) for sample stars which were adopted. The
relation between internal and surface magnetic field is illustrated. The model that
which adopted is Hallo Cone Model (HCM)). The total magnetic dipole radiation
power (heating power Wh) of all super fluid neutrons in MSPs stars is calculated.
For sample stars of MSPs , the value of transition period (Ptr) was d

Ninety eight specimens were collected from patients referring different hospitals in Baghdad in period from August to November in 2012. Specimens including (swabs from (Sputum, burn, wound, urine, ear, and eye).Sixty six isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The isolates were identified according to morphological, cultural, biochemical characteristics and API 20E test. 90% of P. aeruginosa isolates produced pyocyanin pigment on King A medium in different amounts, whereas other isolates were produced other types of pigments such as (pyoverdine-yellow, pyorubin-red, and pyomelanin-black) on King B medium and also in different amounts.Quantitative assay of pyocyanin production was conducted. The results were shown that the iso

Twenty nine core samples were taken from Ratawi 7 Oil well according to the presence of oil in formation and availability of core samples. This well is located in the province of Basra/southern Iraq. The samples were collected from Yamama Formation. The core samples are taken from the well at different depths, ranging between (3663m-3676m). The range of Vp for these core samples is (668-4017 m/sec) and its average is (1779 m/sec), While the range of Vs is (291-1854 m/sec) and its average is (796 m/sec). In the current study the ultrasonic method is conducted to measure Vp, Vs as well as some petrophysical properties for core samples and some elastic moduli such as (Young's modulus, Bulk modulus, Shear modulus, Poisson's ratio and Lame's

The paper focuses on investigating the impact on the Korean financial sphere, specifically Creative Accounting Practices (CAPs), by using the model in the paper, upon any type of AI. Included are various systems used for recording, monitoring, and reporting financial activities with AI as an intermingling agent for financial decision-making and resources management. The survey was carried out in Iraqi Carpet and Furnishing Company, where CAPs were plead to penance for their (mis-) deeds by artificially fast improvements in the appearance of the financial statements, thus eroding the trust in the adequacy and potency of the statements. The study referred to Miller's model in doing some sort of proper line-linking on the spotting as well a

The present study analyses the impact of dynamic capabilities on the high performance that can be developed in administrative units under the Anbar Governorate of Iraq. Sensing, learning, coordinating, and integrating capabilities are dynamic capabilities that actually represent the organization's capacity to adjust itself to changing environments and its sustainable growth. High-performance organization could be reflected through continuous improvement, quality management, excellence in human resources, orientation, and commitment, considering it the measures of organizational effectiveness in reaching strategic objectives.

Research shows that the dynamic capabilities and high performance of the administrative units studied were

The enhancement of predictive accuracy of the first-order integer autoregressive (INAR 1) model is the focus of the study through the effective amalgam of machine learning techniques and classical statistics. INAR (1) model structures are key elements for the prediction of nonnegative integer-valued time series processes. Conventional estimation methods include Classical Least Squares (CLS), Conditional Maximum Likelihood (CML), and Yule-Walker (YW) as compared with advanced methods like Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Genetic Algorithms (GA). A new clustering algorithm was created (with SVR to GA) to determine optimal INAR (1) model parameters. Computer simulation studies confirmed the effectiveness of the INAR-SVR and INAR-SVR-GA m

The purpose of our research is to work to maintain parameters for the Gamma Distribution within a better frame of precision in the context of other methods and dealing with outliers. Outliers are common and pose a threat to modelling because one little outlier scales a statistical model and brings about the estimations of parametric index validity. The objective of this study was to find useful applications for the detection and mitigating effect of outliers accomplished through the Hampel filter, the nonlinear fit of the Gamma distribution using the Median Rank Regression (MRR) method for the calculation of the shape parameter and scale parameters.

This study then generated simulated data drawn from various parameter values of th

تحاول الدراسة إلقاء الضوء على الاتفاقات المعدلة للمسئولية الطبية، وذلك بعد ما لمسناه من  كثرة استخدام هذه الاتفاقات التي تأتي في غالب الأحيان إما معفية  من المسئولية المدنية أو تحد منها، مما يجعل الباحث يقدم هذه الدراسة في ضوء القانونين الإماراتي والإنجليزي ؛ لتكون المحصلة في الأخير توصيات يهتدئ بها المشرع الإماراتي بموجب قانون المسئولية الطبية لسنة 2016.

اشتمل البحث  على مبحثين رئيسيين، تناولت

Quran is a basic reference of production it is as a source to all sciences, Ayat of Quran would mention the importance of benefits of animals.  Quran contain full surrat named in animal names as Al-Baqara that is to clarify its benefits and importance in human’s life.

The study aimed to prepare a set of qualifying exercises to improve the muscular strength of the muscles surrounding the ankle joint by applying different resistances according to the nature of the movement of this joint, which is one of the second moving joints (flexion, extension and rotation of the right and left) in order to increase the efficiency of all muscles working on this joint according to those movements and identification On the impact of these exercises and assume that there will be statistical differences between the two tests of the research sample. The researcher used the semi-articulated experimental method with a pre- and post-test for one group. The injury was evaluated on the women's national team players during the

The advent of UNHCR reports has given rise to the uniqueness of its distinctive way of image representation and using semiotic features. So, there are a lot of researches that have investigated UNHCR reports, but no research has examined images in UNHCR reports of displaced Iraqis from a multimodal discourse perspective. The present study suggests that the images are, like language, rich in many potential meanings and are governed by clearly visual grammar structures that can be employed to decode these multiple meanings. Seven images are examined in terms of their representational, interactional and compositional aspects. Depending on the results, this study concludes that the findings support the visual grammar theory and highlight the va

The study scrutinizes the influence that industrial investment has on unemployment rates in Iraq during the years ranging from 2004 to 2022. Employing the ARDL econometric model, the study analyzes and interprets the net as well as foreign investments and their concomitant relationship with unemployment. The findings reveal a significant and direct qualitative relationship between investment in the industrial sector and unemployment, showing that increased investment in this sector will, indeed, decrease the unemployment level. This has managed to emphasize the importance of an industrial sector in the absorption of surplus labor and contributions to gross domestic product (GDP). Further, by establishing a local industry that meets natio

In the current analysis, the effects of circumferential scratches along the inner surface of a 170ᵒ -arc partial journal bearing has been numerically investigated. Their impact on the thermo-elasto-hydrodynamic performance characteristics, including maximum pressure, temperature, deformation, and stress, has been examined thoroughly. The ANSYS Fluent CFD commercial code was employed to tackle the iterative solution of flow and heat transfer patterns in the fluid film domain. They are then applied to the ANSYS Static Structure solver to compute the deformation and stress resulted in the solid bearing zone. A wide range of operating conditions has been considered, including the eccentricity ratio ( ) and scratch depth (

The research aims to shed light on the importance of Natural gas as a National wealth is not being used optimally to be a financial resource is important to Iraq in addition to Oil, as well as could be used as an important Source of Energy, instead of burning gas is a waste of wealth and Contribute to the contamination of the environment. Research Reviews the importance of Natural gas, where is currently about a quarter of global energy consumption. Then deals with the reality of the gas industry in Iraq and winning because of the volume of waste incineration, which reached a rate (45%) of the gas Associated with oil, where Iraq is fourth globally in Terms of the amount of gas Burned. Finally, this paper discusses the future of n

•هدف البحث: التعرف على العلاقة بين سرعة الاستجابة الحركية ودقه أداء بعض المهارات الدفاعية للاعبي الكرة الطائرة.•فرض البحث: هناك علاقة ارتباط ذات دلالة إحصائية بين سرعة الاستجابة الحركية ودقة أداء بعض المهارات الدفاعية للاعبي الكرة الطائرة.•منهج البحث: استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي بأسلوب العلاقات الارتباطية لملاءمته مشكلة البحث.•عينة البحث: تمثلت بلاعبي نادي الصناعة الرياضي بالكرة الطائرة للمتقدمين.•ا

تكمن أهمية البحث باستعمال وسائل مساعدة بالاعتماد على الادراك الصوتي في تحسين سرعة الاستجابة الحركية لما لها من أهمية في تنفيذ مهارة الدحرجة بالكرة ودقة المناولة. تم تحديد المشكلة من خلال وجود ضعف في سرعة الاستجابة وهذا ينعكس سلبا على مهارتي الدحرجة والمناولة، ويهدف البحث إلى التعرف على تأثير التمارين المعدة من قبل الباحث على متغيرات البحث، استعمل المنهج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعتين المتكافئتين ذات الاختبا