Equilibrium Moisture sorption isotherms are very important in drying and storage analysis. Experimental moisture equilibrium data (adsorption and desorption) of Aspirin were determined using the static method of saturated salt solutions and that by exposing the material to different conditions of temperatures and water activities. Three different temperatures (25, 30, 40Cº) and water activities in the range of (6.3- 83.6%) were used. The results showed that the equilibrium moisture content increased with the increase in water activity at any temperature and decreased with temperature increase at constant water activity. The water activity increases with increasing in temperature when moisture content was kept constant. The sorption isot

This work involves three parts ,  first part  is manufacturing different types of laminated below knee prosthetic socket materials with different classical laminated materials used in Baghdad center for prosthetic and orthotic (4perlon layers+2carbon fiber layer+4 perlon layers) , two suggested laminated materials(3perlon layers+2carbon fiber layer+3 perlon layers) and (3perlon layers+1carbon fiber layer+3 perlon layers) ) in order to choose perfect laminated socket . The second part tests (Impact test) the laminated materials specimens used in socket manufacturing in order to get the impact properties for each socket materials groups using an experimental rig designed especially for this purpose. The interface pressure between

A series of laboratory tests were carried out on disturbed soil samples containing different gypsum contents. The soil samples were obtained from al-Jazeera south-west of Iraq. Tests were performed to obtain the physical and mechanical properties of the soil. In addition; permeability-leaching tests were conducted by using oedometer and large-scale Rowe cell apparatus to obtain the variation of the coefficient of permeability, dissolved gypsum and leaching strain with time. All samples were tested under similar conditions, e.g. the hydraulic gradient, vertical stress and leaching period. The soil samples designated N1, N2, and N3 are obtained from depths (0.5-0.75), (1.0-1.25), and (3.25-3.5) m and having gypsum content (31.43), (51.37),

Surface Plasmon sensor is commonly used in chemistry, biologic, and environments nursing. This type of sensor display strange sympathy depends on surfaces Plasmon resonance (SPRs) or localize surfaces Plasmon resonance (LSPRs) effect, which have a commercial application. In this review, we present current progressing in the fields of surfaces plasmatic sensor, principally in the configuration of planar Meta structure and optical-fiber waveguide. In the Meta structures platforms, the optical sensor depend on LSPRs, hyperbolic dispersions, Fanon resonance, and two-dimension (2Ds) material integrations are presented. The optical-fiber sensor integration with LSPRs/SPRs structure and 2D material are summarizing. In addition, we introduced th

The construction of embankment for roadway interchange system at urban area is restricted due to the large geometry requirements, since the value of land required for such construction is high, and the area available is limited as compared to rural area. One of the optimum solutions to such problem is the earth reinforcement technique which requires a limited area for embankment construction. Gypseous soil from Al-Anbar governorate area was obtained and subjected to various physical and chemical analysis to determine it is properties. A laboratory model box of 50x50x25 cm was used as a representative embankment; soil has been compacted in five layers at maximum dry density (modified compaction) and an aluminum reinforcement strips were i

In this paper, three tool paths strategies; iso-planar, helical and adaptive have been implemented to investigates their effect on the mechanical properties of Brass 65-35 formed by single point incremental sheet metal forming process. To response this task, a fully digital integrated system from CAD modeling to finished part (CAD/CAM) for SPIF process has been developed in this paper.
The photo-micrographs shows an identical grain formation due to the plastic deformation of the incremental forming process, change in the grain shape and size was observed. It's found that the adaptive tool path play a significant role to increase the hardness of the formed specimen from (48 to 90 HV) and the grain texture of the formed specimen found a

The tremendous benefits of using cellular phones, which began to increase and unprecedented spread worldwide last decade, were accompanied by harmful effects on the environment due to the increase in electromagnetic radiation (EMR) which be emitted from mobile phone towers. This effect on humans, animals, and plants, which is considered a form of environmental pollution, was sensed by developed countries and Environmental protection organizations. These countries have established restrictions and enacted laws to reduce their negative impact on living beings. The field survey included six major hospitals and 38 schools were distributed over the central neighbourhoods in Al-Najaf city. The results showed that power density (PD) measurement

Mobile-based human emotion recognition is very challenging subject, most of the approaches suggested and built in this field utilized various contexts that can be derived from the external sensors and the smartphone, but these approaches suffer from different obstacles and challenges. The proposed system integrated human speech signal and heart rate, in one system, to leverage the accuracy of the human emotion recognition. The proposed system is designed to recognize four human emotions; angry, happy, sad and normal. In this system, the smartphone is used to   record user speech and send it to a server. The smartwatch, fixed on user wrist, is used to measure user heart rate while the user is speaking and send it, via Bluetooth,

ان الحاجة المتزايدة للآخر امر لا يمكن البحث عن دليل فيه ، فالإنسان كائن اجتماعي لا يستطيع العيش منفردا ، ومن ثم لا جدال في عجزه عن تلبية احتياجاته بنفسه، فهذا التبادل في المنفعة يجري عبر وسيلة قانونية تدعى ب (العقد) ، فكل ما نحصل عليه اليوم من حاجات اساسية لغرض تأمين العيش والسكن والتجارة وتبادل الخبرات يتم عبر طريق واحد هو الاتفاق الذي قد يتم بين اطرافه مباشرة أو عبر وسيط.

وتختلف العقود من حيث الاهمية ، فم

يعرف القانون الانجليزي أنواعاً مختلفة للتدليس, لا نجد لها نظيراً في التشريعات الأخرى,  معتمداً في تمييزها على معيار العلم بحقيقة المعلومات المدلى بها, أي أنّ تحديد نوع التدليس يعتمد على مدى علم صاحب البيانات الكاذبة بعدم صحتها وقت صدورها, فهذه البيانات الكاذبة اما أنّ تصدر من صاحبها بعلمه الكامل بمحتواها وبالشكل الذي يجعلها قرينة تثبت سوء نيته فيكون التدليس بموجبها غير بريء, أو أنّ تصدر عن طيش و اهمال ودو

في الأزمات الاقتصادية يتطلع الناس وخاصة الأقل دخلاً إلى النظام السياسي القائم للحصول على التوجيه والحماية الاجتماعية والاقتصادية، الأمر الذي يوجب تكاتف مؤسسات الدولة لمواجهة الأزمات الاقتصادية المتعاقبة التي تمر بها البلاد، والضرائب باعتبارها وسيلة مهمة تَمّنح الدولة القدرة على التأثير في النشاط الاقتصادي دور هام لمواجهة الأزمات الاقتصادية، يتمثل في دورها في تحقيق هدف الاستقرار الاقتصادي بخلاف أهداف

The Wheat husk is one of the common wastes abundantly available in the Middle East countries especially in Iraq. The present study aimed to evaluate the Wheat husk as low cost material, eco-friendly adsorbents for the removal of the carcinogenic dye (Congo red dye) from wastewater by investigate the effect of, at different conditions such as, pH(3-10), amount of adsorbents (1-2.3gm/L),and particle size (125-1000) μm, initial Congo red dye concentration(10, 25 , 50 and 75mg/l)  by batch experiments. The results showed that the removal percentage of dye increased with increasing adsorbent dosage, and decreasing particle size. The maximum removal and uptake reached (91%) , 21.5mg/g, respectively for 25 initial concent

This study deals with the aircraft wing analysis (numerical and experimental) which subjected to fatigue loading in order to analyze the aircraft wing numerically by using ANSYS 15.0 software and experimentally by using loading programs which effect on fatigue test specimens at laboratory to estimate life of used metal (aluminum alloy 7075-T651) the wing metal and compare between numerical and experimental work, as well as to formulate an experimental mathematical model which may find safe estimate for metals and most common alloys that are used to build aircraft wing at certain conditions. In experimental work, a (34) specimen of (aluminum alloy 7075-T651) were tested using alternating bending fatigue machine rig. The t

This paper presents an improved technique on Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm. The procedure is applied on Single Machine with Infinite Bus (SMIB) system with power system stabilizer (PSS) at three different loading regimes. The simulations are made by using MATLAB software. The results show that by using Improved Ant Colony Optimization (IACO) the system will give better performance with less number of iterations as it compared with a previous modification on ACO. In addition, the probability of selecting the arc depends on the best ant performance and the evaporation rate.

The main objectives of this study were investigating the effects of the maximum size of coarse Attapulgite aggregate and micro steel fiber content on fresh and some mechanical properties of steel fibers reinforced lightweight self-compacting concrete (SFLWSCC). Two series of mixes were used depending on maximum aggregate size (12.5 and 19) mm, for each series three different steel fibers content were used (0.5 %, 1%, and 1.5%). To evaluate the fresh properties, tests of slump flow, T500 mm, V funnel time, and J ring were carried out. Tests of compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural tensile strength, and calculated equilibrium density were done to evaluate mechanical properties. For reference mixes, the

Modified bentonite has been used as effective sorbent material for the removal of acidic dye (methyl orange) from aqueous solution in batch system. The natural bentonite has been modified using cationic surfactant (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) in order to obtain an efficient sorbent through converting the properties of bentonite from hydrophilic to organophilic. The characteristics of the natural and modified bentonite were examined through several analyses such as Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Surface area. The batch study was provided the maximum dye removal efficiency of 88.75 % with a sorption capacity of 555.56 mg/g at specified conditions (150 min, pH= 2, 250 rpm, and 0.

        أن مصادر تلوث البيئة البحرية متعددة ,حيث تتعدد استنادا لتنوع الأنشطة المقامة في المنطقة ,منها أنشطة استغلال قاع البحار ؛عملية إغراق النفايات والتخلص منها في البيئة البحرية ؛ أنشطة السفن ؛ من عمليات الإسقاط من الجو ,ويمكن تصنيف مصادر تلوث البيئة البحرية :التلوث من المصادر الأرضية ؛التلوث من الأنشطة في أعالي البحار ؛التلوث من الجو .والتلوث النووي سريع الانتشار ويمتد لمساحات واسعة .

The effect of air injection angle on the performance of airlift pump used for water pumping has been studied analytically and experimentally. An airlift pump of dimensions 42mm diameter and 2200 mm length with conventional and modified air injection device was considered. A modification on conventional injection device (normal air-jacket type) was carried out by changing injection angle from 90  (for conventional) to 45  and 22.5  (for modified). Continuity and one-dimensional momentum balance for the flow field with basic principle of two-phase flow and expressions of slip ratio and friction factor as function of flow rates were formulated. The analytical and experimental investigations were carried out f

A3D geological model was constructed for Al-Sadi reservoir/ Halfaya Oil Field which is discovered in 1976 and located 35 km from Amara city, southern of Iraq towards the Iraqi/ Iranian borders.

Petrel 2014 was used to build the geological model. This model was created depending on the available information about the reservoir under study such as 2D seismic map, top and bottom of wells, geological data & well log analysis (CPI). However, the reservoir was sub-divided into 132x117x80 grid cells in the X, Y&Z directions respectively, in order to well represent the entire Al-Sadi reservoir.

Well log interpretation (CPI) and core data for the existing 6 wells were the basis of the petrophysical model (

Warm asphalt mixture (WMA) and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) are the most memorable sustainable materials in world of asphalt concrete pavements . This research aims to study the warm asphalt mixture for different types of filler materials such as ordinary cement and limestone dust. Beside, this research focused on the test of emulsified asphalt properties by evaluating the performance of warm asphalt mixture by Marshall Stability properties as well as moisture sensitivity. The results of this experiment provided many important points. First, The cationic emulsified asphalt is suitable with RAP aggregate for production warm asphalt mixtures .Second, The effective mixing procedure for warm asphalt mixtures consists hea

Production of fatty acid esters (biodiesel) from oleic acid and 2-ethylhexanol using sulfated zirconia as solid catalyst for the production of biodiesel was investigated in this work.

       The parameters studied were temperature of reaction (100 to 130°C), molar ratio of alcohol to free fatty acid (1:1 to 3:1), concentration of catalyst (0.5 to 3%wt), mixing speed (500 to 900 rpm) and types of sulfated zirconia (i.e modified, commercial, prepared  catalyst according to literature and reused catalyst). The results show the best conversion to biodiesel was 97.74% at conditions of 130°C, 3:1, 2wt% and 650 rpm using modified catalyst respectively. Also, modified c

تناولت الدراسة موضوع التنفيذ الجبري بموجب الشيك في القانون الإماراتي، حيث اعتبره المشرع سنداً تنفيذياً في بعض الحالات، وذلك متى توافرت الشروط المقررة قانوناً لاعتباره كذلك.

لم يُحدّد المشرع الإماراتي بشكل صريح فيما إذا كانت حالات اعتبار الشيك سنداً تنفيذياً واردة على سبيل الحصر أم أنها على سبيل المثال، بالإضافة إلى عدم وضوح شروط اعتبار الشيك سنداً تنفيذياً والقواعد الإجرائية المتبعة في هذا الشأن، خا

أنّ تزايد القيود المفروضة على البنوك الأجنبية العاملة في البلدان النامية منذ الأزمة المالية العالمية 2009/2007 يعرقل تحسين آفاق النمو من خلال الحد من تدفق الموارد التمويلية التي تشتد إليها حاجة الشركات والقطاع العائلي.

        ويمكن أن تكون للبنوك العالمية منافع هامة للتنمية، ولكنها ليست دواء شافيا، كما تحمل مخاطر. ويحسن صانعو السياسات بالبلدان النامية الصنع ببحث كيفية تحقيق أقصى قدر من ال

منح القانون حائز العقار المرهون خيارات معينة ، ان يستعمل منها ما يناسبه للحفاظ على ملكية العقار ، ويتجنب ملاحقة الدائن المرتهن الذي قد يفلح في نزع هذه الملكية من يده لتقع في نصيب شخص آخر ، او قد تكون من نصيبه بعد ان يسدد الثمن الذي رسا عليه مزاد البيع طبقا للاجراءات المتبعة .

قد يتعذر على الحائز في حالات معينة استعمال البعض من هذه الخيارات او كلها(Contraindications to using options) ، الامر الذي يضعه تحت رحمة الدائن المرته

توجد في دول عدة لجان وطنية معنية بتنفيذ القانون الدولي الإنساني تهدف إلى إسداء المشورة لحكوماتها ومساعدتها على تنفيذ القانون الدولي الإنساني ونشر المعرفة به. وتعود مسؤولية تشكيل تلك اللجان إلى الدول مدعومة من اللجنة الدولية للصليب الأحمر كإحدى السبل الكفيلة بضمان تطبيق القانون الدولي الإنساني بفعالية. وتسعى اللجان الوطنية للقانون الدولي الانساني الى حث الحكومات لتطبيق وكفالة احترام القانون الدولي الانس

تنبه العراق لحقيقة ضرورة مواكبة العولمة وضرورة استقطاب الاستثمار الاجنبي، على امل ان يجد حلاً او ممكن له من يسيطر على مشاكله الاقتصادية والتي من اهمها مشكلة البطالة فاصدر قانون الاستثمار رقم 13 لسنة 2006 وهذا الاصدار من اهم الخطوات الرئيسية لجذب الاستثمار الاجنبي من خلال ما يحمله القانون من حوافز كالإعفاءات الضريبية.

 اذاً لابد من دراسة تلك الاعفاءات ودراسة دورها في تشجيع الاستثمار الاجنبي في العراق.

تعد اللعنات احدى اهم المظاهر الحضارية التي تميزت بها بلاد الرافدين ،وقد تنوعت هذه اللعنات ما بين لعنات قوية واخرى اقل قوة،كما ان اهم مصادر نزولها وحدوثها هي الالهة والشياطين وغيرها من الاشياء الاخرى،ارتبطت باللعنات ايضا عدة الالهة،ويمكن القول بان جميع الالهة بمقدورها انزال اللعنات على بني البشر،كما ان اللعنات لم تختص بالبشر فحسب بل انها ارتبطت ايضا بالنباتات والحيوانات واشياء اخرى.

اما فيما يتعلق با

       لعبت الأنهار دورا هاما وكبيرا في ازدهار ونمو حضارة بلاد الرافدين بمختلف جوانبها الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والقانونية والسياسية وغيرها من مجالات الحياة المختلفة ، وشكل نهري دجلة والفرات وروافدهما المرتكز الذي قامت عليهما حضارة بلاد الرافدين إذ لم تقّم حضارة البلاد إلا بهما ، ولأهمية الأنهار قدس سكان البلاد النهرين واعتبروهما من جملة الآلهة  ، و حظي نهر الفرات بأهمية فاقت بشكل كبير أهمي

This research aims to create lightweight concrete mixtures containing waste from local sources, such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads and waste plastic fibers (WPFs), all are cheap or free in the Republic of Iraq and without charge. The modern, rigid, and mechanical properties of LWC were investigated, and the results were evaluated. Three mixtures were made, each with different proportions of plastic fibers (0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%), in addition to a lightweight concrete mixture containing steak fibers (0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%), in addition to a lightweight concrete mixture. It contains 20% EPS. The study found that the LWC caused by the addition of WPFs reduced the density (lightweight) of the concrete mixtures because EPS tends

عدم دستورية قانون النفط والغاز في إقليم كردستان رقم (22) لسنة 2007