عدم دستورية قانون النفط والغاز في إقليم كردستان رقم (22) لسنة 2007

قد يتعرض مفتش العمل –اثناء قيامه بوظائفه المكلف بها قانونا- الى التهديد او الاعتداء عليه من قبل اصحاب العمل مما تستحيل معه قدرة المفتش على القيام بتلك الوظائف. وهذا الامر قد دفع معايير تفتيش العمل الدولية والعربية وكذلك قوانين العمل الوطنية الى التأكيد على ضرورة توفير الدعم الامني والحماية القانونية لمفتش العمل والى معاقبة المخالفين من اصحاب العمل وذلك بهدف بسط سلطان الدولة وهيبتها وتحقيق كفالة انفاذ الق

       ان الضرر الذي يحدثهُ منتسب قوى الأمن الداخلي بالغير هو اما ان يسأل عنه شخصياً وفق قواعد المسؤولية عن الاعمال الشخصية متى استطاع المضرور اثبات الخطأ في جانبهِ او ان تسأل عنهُ وزارة الداخلية وفقاً لقواعد مسؤولية المتبوع عن اعمال تابعهِ والتي تلزم المتبوع بأن يجبر الضرر الذي احدثهُ تابعه بالغير متى عجز المضرور عن اثبات الخطأ في جانب منتسب قوى الامن الداخلي اذ يعد الخطأ مفترضاً في جانب وزار

ان الاهتمام بالمستهلك والبحث عن الوسائل الملائمة لحمايته ليست حديثة العهد، فقد كانت حماية المستهلك محور اهتمام قانوني وقضائي وفقهي، منذ منتصف القرن الماضي، وقد نتج عن ذلك الاهتمام اقرار العديد من القواعد التي من شأنها ان توفر الحماية للمستهلك بوصفه الطرف الضعيف في العلاقة العقدية. فسعت القوانين المصرفية الى تحديد من هو المستهلك المصرفي المشمول بالحماية ، فضلاً عن تحديد المؤسسات المالية التي تلتزم بتوفير

The ejector refrigeration system is a desirable choice to reduce energy consumption. A Computational Fluid Dynamics CFD simulation using the ANSYS package was performed to investigate the flow inside the ejector and determine the performance of a small-scale steam ejector. The experimental results showed that at the nozzle throat diameter of 2.6 mm and the evaporator temperature of 10^oC, increasing boiler temperature from 110^oC to 140^oC decreases the entrainment ratio by 66.25%. At the boiler temperature of 120^oC, increasing the evaporator temperature from 7.5 to 15 ^oC increases the entrainment ratio by 65.57%. While at the boiler temperature of 120^oC and

Soil suction is one of the most important parameters describing the moisture condition of unsaturated soils. The measurement of soil suction is crucial for applying the theories of the engineering behavior of unsaturated soils.
The filter paper method is one of the soil suction measurement techniques In this paper, five soil samples were collected from five sites within Baghdad city – al-Rasafa region. These soils have different properties and they were prepared at different degrees of saturation. For each sample, the total and matric suction were measured by the filter paper method at different degrees of saturation. Then correlations were made between the soil properties and the total and matric suction. It was concluded that the

In Incremental sheet metal forming process, one important step is to produce tool path, an
accurate tool path is one of the main challenge of incremental sheet metal forming
process. Various factors should be considered prior to generation of the tool path i.e.
mechanical properties of sheet metal, the holding mechanism, tool speed, feed rate and
tool size. In this work investigation studies have been carried out to find the different tool
path strategies to control the twist effect in the final product manufactured by single point
incremental sheet metal forming (SPIF), an adaptive tool path strategy was proposed and
examined for several Aluminum conical models. The comparison of the proposed tool path with t

This article aims to establish and evaluate standards for critical equipment and materials in highway projects in Iraq. Delphi technique has been used to analyze, explore, and discover the main criteria and sub-criteria that affect equipment and materials in highway construction projects in Iraq. To determine the correct response to the criteria presented in this study, a program (IBM, SPSS/V25) was used to assess the main criteria and sub-criteria using the mean score (MS) and standard deviation (SD) technique, as well as to check reliability using Cronbach's alpha factor (α). The experts' qualifications and the extent to which the person is ready to commit are both important factors in panel selection. The design of a

الجريمة الارهابية تعد فعلا خطيرا تفوق في خطورتها جميع الجرائم الاخرى من حيث التأثير والنتيجة , لان لها مدى واسع على المجتمعات , كما انها تحوي من الخطورة الشي الكبير والمتمثل في الغاية منها, وهنا فان وصف الارهاب بالجريمة هو وصف لا يعطي الحق الكامل لهذا السلوك او انه يختصره فلا يبين حقيقته الفعلية, نظرا ان الارهاب يحتوي على عدة جرائم مختلفة وادوارا لمساهمين فيها وهذه الادوار تكون ضرورية للوصول الى النتيجة او ال

One of the most essential components of asphalt pavements is the filler. It serves two purposes. First, this fine-grained material (diameter less than 0.075 mm) improves the cohesiveness of aggregate with bitumen. Second, produce a dense mixture by filling the voids between the particles. Aluminum dross (AD), which is a by-product of aluminum re-melting, is formed all over the world. This material causes damage to humans and the environment; stockpiling AD in landfills is not the best solution. This research studies the possibility of replacing part of the conventional filler with aluminum dross. Three percent of dross was used, 10, 20, and 30% by filler weight. The MarshallMix design method was adopted to obtain the op

A Genetic Algorithm optimization model is used in this study to find the optimum flow values of the Tigris river branches near Ammara city, which their water is to be used for central marshes restoration after mixing in Maissan River. These tributaries are Al-Areed, AlBittera and Al-Majar Al-Kabeer Rivers. The aim of this model is to enhance the water quality in Maissan River, hence provide acceptable water quality for marsh restoration. The model is applied for different water quality change scenarios ,i.e. , 10%,20% increase in EC,TDS and BOD. The model output are the optimum flow values for the three rivers while, the input data are monthly flows(1994-2011),monthly water requirements and water quality parameters (EC, TDS, BOD, DO and

Geotechnical engineers have always been concerned with the stabilization of slopes. For this purpose,
various methods such as retaining walls, piles, and geosynthetics may be used to increase the safety factor of slopes prone to failure. The application of stone columns may also be another potential alternative for slope stabilization. Such columns have normally been used for cohesive soil improvement. Most slope analysis and design is based on deterministic approach i.e a set of single valued design parameter are adopted and a set of single valued factor of safety (FOS) is determined. Usually the FOS is selected in view of the understanding and knowledge of the material parameters, the problem geometry, the method of analysis and the

Portland cement concrete is the most commonly used construction material in the world for decades. However, the searches in concrete technology are remaining growing to meet particular properties related to its strength, durability, and sustainability issue. Thus, several types of concrete have been developed to enhance concrete performance. Most of the modern concrete types have to contain supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) as a partial replacement of cement. These materials are either by-products of waste such as fly ash, slag, rice husk ash, and silica fume or from a geological resource like natural pozzolans and metakaolin (MK). Ideally, the utilization of SCMs will enhance the concrete performance, minimize

The study of the Baghdad personalities is an important issue because the owners of these personalities usually belong to the elite, which play a distinct role in the development of any society in all political, economic, social and cultural fields. These include the study of the personal personality of Father Anastas Marie Carmeli to highlight many aspects of personality And his clear fingerprints on the movement of society in the field of culture and thought

    That Karamli's efforts in the field of language, literature and history made him one of the most prominent pioneers of Renaissance late in the history of modern Iraq

الموازنة هي البرنامج المالي السنوي للدولة الذي تسير به المرافق العامة فيها والذي يحتوي على النفقات والايرادات وتخضع الموازنة العامة لعدة مبادئ منها واهمها مبدأ عمومية الموازنة العامة والذي يضمن صياغة سليمة للبرنامج المالي من خلال الاستناد على قاعدتين هما قاعدة تخصيص النفقات العامة وقاعدة عدم تخصيص الإيرادات العامة.

وفي بحثنا هذا نسلط الضوء على الاستثناءات الواردة على قاعدة عدم تخصيص الإيرادات العام

This study was carried out to analyze the impact of lines, egg shell colour and intraction between (Line ⁎ eggshell colours) on egg quality characteristics and hatching parameters assess the correlation between these traits in three local quail eggs (desert, brown and white). A total of 409 eggs were collected from female quails during 16 weeks divided into five groups on the basis of eggshell colour and spot colour for each line. The results revealed  that there were significant (P≤0.05) variances among lines for quality characteristics of the whole egg (weight, length, width, Egg volume, Haugh unit), albumen (weight, height, diameter), yolk (weight, height, index, Yolk/albumen) and she

This study was aimed to determine the qualitative and quantitative phenolic compounds. Results revealed that HPLC analysis identified Hydroxy derivatives of benzoic acids, hydroxy-cinnamic acids, in addition to flavonoids. The major compounds detected in clove were eugenol 32.5 mg/L, while in thyme the predominant phenol was gallic acid 35.9 mg/L. Quercetin was the greatest phenolic compound in both eucalyptus and sage 49.8 and 55.6 mg/L, respectively. Clove extract inhibited all selected pathogens entirely when applied at 20%. Subsequently, thyme extract at the same concentration inhibited the growth of B. cinerea completely. Eucalyptus extract revealed a lowest inhibition with 23.2%, 11.83%, and 7.83% after three, six,

This study was aimed to investigate the different effects of folic acid and/or saccharomyces cerevisiae on different aspects of Japanese quails. Eighty quail chicks were used, divided into four groups (20 chicks each), the first group was the control, treated with normal ration and drinking water. The second group was treated with saccharomyces cerevisiae 2.5% in the ration, the third group was treated with folic acid (5mg/L. in drinking water), whereas the last group was treated with both folic acid and yeast as stated above. All treatments were for seven weeks, then the birds were sacrificed, and blood was collected to undergo the parameters. Results revealed that the treatment with yeast or folic acid signifi

The" aim" of this study is to use the natural adsorbents which consist of gum arabic as absorbents for plant products to remove heavy metals from industrial wastewater and standard aqueous solutions with a prepackaged bed column (PBC) technique based on a Box-Wilson design". The gum arabic was modified into carbonated gum by oven maville at 300°C. The influence of were studied: pH value, contact time, and removal efficiency estimation using a packed layer column which gives the best" heavy metal removal" performance."The study showed the removal efficiency tests of charred gum arabic absorbers that the best removal from industrial wastewater wer

This study was aimed to produce potato minitubers via tissue culture technique by testing four cultivars; Agria, Nicola, SM 12-124-15 and JIP 1600-1 under in vitro, greenhouse and open-air field conditions. Nicola cultivar was superior upon the other cultivars under in vitro and greenhouse conditions by producing the best shoot multiplication (1.89 shoots/ explant and 13..27 leaves/ explant) and the highest number of minitubers (8.87 minitubers/ plant) in greenhouse whereas, SM 12-124-15 was better in the open field conditions by producing 11.25 tubers per plant, recording the highest mean weight of tubers (321.33 g), the highest weight of tubers per plant (3.615 kg), the bigger sizes of tubers (length 8.22 cm:

This study was conducted at the different geographical regions at the north of Iraq; during the field trips, many samples of individuals of two genera Valeriana L. and Valerianella Miller were collected. The fruits of specimens morphologically have been inspected, and some parts of fruits were anatomically examined by paraffin method, from both studies the diagnostic characteristics of fruits were determined. This study was proved the morphological characteristics of significance within genera and species levels, while anatomical features had a large role in separation between the two studied genera, it was proved that the cross-sectional outlines of fruits played a significant role in delimiting among species o

The study was conducted on 118 partridges (Alectoris graeca) chicks in order to find the effect of non-genetic factors and genetic evaluation of live weight and carcass of this bird. The results showed a highly significant superiority of the weights of males over females in most age stages (437.71 ± 4.40 vs 375.90 ± 3.66 g/ bird at marketing age) and daily weight gain (ADG) from one day to marketing age (4.70 ± 0.06 vs 4.01 ± 0.04 g/ day/bird). The breeding values (BLUP) ​​of birds for marketing weight ranged from -135.4 g/bird to 56 g/bird. Significant differences were recorded between groups of birds with high and low BLUP values ​​in the average live weight at market (464.21 ± 11.03 vs 352.80 ± 6.47 g/bi

The present study was aimed to find the most common causative agents relates to skin ulceration in most common fish farming (ponds and cages) affects Cyprinus carpio in Wasit province harvested from three different regions. The laboratory isolation and detection of bacteria in this study was carried out in medical laboratory techniques in Middle Technical University and Central Public Health Laboratory in Baghdad from September to December 2020. For this study 240 infected common carp Cyprinus carpio L. were used, 120 samples from cages and 120 samples from ponds. Samples were taken from three regions, which represented the north, central, and south of the governorate. Samples from skin ulcers were taken from af

It is often needed to have circuits that can display the decimal representation of a binary number and specifically in this paper on a 7-segment display. In this paper a circuit that can display the decimal equivalent of an n-bit binary number is designed and it’s behavior is described using Verilog Hardware Descriptive Language (HDL).
This HDL program is then used to configure an FPGA to implement the designed circuit.

Planning for a city with human identity considers the needs of human being that exist in the traditional cities where it was so easy creating place there, on the other hand, modern cities refuse these values and reduce the human characters of urban fabric elements , and the searching for the concept of " Urban Coherence " considers the knowledge about urban theory, especially Morphological attitudes finding three sides of making the coherence of dense urban fabric which are " Functional Complementarily , Formal Complementarily ,

Contextual complementarily “and the differentiation of these sides within the variety of spatial structural patterns between the organic type of traditional city and the gridiron type of modern city. To

One of the major problems facing the industrial utilities especially cooling towers is biofouling. Many techniques and measures have been taken and still continuing researches are under way. Biocides and water qualities were the main area of research for evaluation. Friendly biocides are preferable for controlling viable count and fungi, but many harmful still in use.
The main objective of this research work is to predict a relationship covering the concentration of Cl and Br – containing compounds as biocide and the performance.
It was concluded that the chlorophenol is the major effective biocide used (reduce it for about 80%, while bromophenol to about 65%) and that material although they are highly approved, but suffer pittin

E-learning comprises all forms of electronically supported teaching and learning. The information and
communication system, whether networked or not, serve as specific media to implement the learning
process; Computer based learning is one of the applications and processes of E-learning, sometimes
abbreviated to CBL, refers to the use of computers as a key component of the educational environment [2]. Through my teaching, I found that there is a need for software learning packages at the lab to help students understand their courses especially in the subjects that need imagination like data structure. This research presents a data structure learning package for array and linear structure. Linear structure covers non-linked struc

This study was aimed to investigate weeds kind in palm plantations. Date palm is the most chief economic crop in most countries of the Arabian Peninsula. Many factors, such as the presence of weeds, may cause a huge loss in the production of dates. Despite the severe damage caused by the presence of some weeds in agroecosystems, many weeds have many medicinal and economic uses. A total of 62 species were listed in palm Plantations in Tabuk and Al-Qassim Regions. A total of 51 species were listed in Tabuk Region (The number of unique species in the Tabuk Region reached 32 that not recorded in Al-Qassim Region. Also, 19 species were recorded in both of Tabuk and Al-Qassim Regions). A total of 30 weeds were listed i

Oilwell cementing operations are crucial for drilling and completion, preserving the well's productive life. However, weak and permeable formations pose a high risk of cement slurry loss, leading to failure. Lightweight cement, like foamed cement, is used to avoid these difficulties. This study is focused on creating a range of foamed slurry densities and examining the effect of gas concentration on their rheological properties. The foaming agent and foam stabilizer are tested, and the optimal concentration is determined to be 2% and 0.12%, respectively, by the weight of the cement.

Furthermore, the construction of samples of foam cement with different densities (0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, and 1.6) g/cc is performed to f

اختص البحث بجانب حيوي ومهم من الجوانب الاقتصادية في إقليم خوارزم، إذ أن التجارة الداخلية مرتبطة بحياة الانسان بشكل يومي، وهي حركة السلع التجارية بين مدن الاقليم، واشتهرت التجارة الداخلية في اقليم خوارزم ومدنه، وأغلب المدن الرئيسية في خوارزم مراكز تجارية، وقد عمل العديد من أهل خوارزم بالتجارة، وامتاز الاقليم بالخيرات الوفيرة والمنتجات الكبيرة التي تدخل الى الأسواق التي كان لها أهمية كبيرة في عمليتي البيع