Luminescent sensor membranes and sensor microplates are presented for continuous or high-throughput wide-range measurement of pH based on a europium probe.

Removable dental prostheses remain a reliable treatment for edentulous patients. Conventional fabrication requires multiple steps, whereas computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM), particularly 3D printing, offers faster and more cost-effective alternatives. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of sandblasting on surface roughness and shear bond strength of silicone soft liner bonded to 3D-printed and heat-cured acrylic denture base materials. Eighty specimens were divided into four groups: heat-cured control, 3D-printed control, heat-cured sandblasted, and 3D-printed sandblasted. Surface roughness was measured using a profilometer, while shear bond strength was tested with a universal testing machine. D

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of coconut shell-derived biochar supplementation in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium to suppress contamination and enhance regeneration efficiency. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 11 biochar concentrations (0–5 g/L) was used, each with three replicates. Parameters observed included contamination and browning onset, browning intensity, propagule formation time, fresh weight, shoot number, and shoot height. Results showed that biochar significantly delayed contamination and browning. The 2 g/L treatment yielded the best results: 13.8 days after culture (DAC) for contamination and 12.67 DAC for browning. The lowest browning intensity (score 1.41) occurred at 5 g/L. Propagule

The experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary replacement of fermented potato peels powder (FPPP) with Kiwi juice or probiotics with yellow corn on pre- and post- storage of meat oxidation for 30 days, physiological and microbial of broiler. A total of 231, day old broiler chicks (Rose 308) were used. The chicks were randomly distributed to seven treatments, with 3 replicate per each (11 chicks/ replicate): 6 males and 5 females. Chicks in the first treatment were fed on an ordinary diet and it was considered as a control treatment (T1). The T2, T3 and T4 treatments were considered as replacement treatments in which the (FPPP) by Kiwi juice was replaced by y

The present study was carried out at Grjan Agricultural Research Station and Qaladze Agricultural Research Station, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences-University of Raparin, Kurdistan Region-Iraq, during the growing seasons 2020 and 2021. According to the full diallel mating system using five pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars (Legacy, Rainer, Topaz, P₁₁, P₁₃) with 20 F₁ crosses. The genotypes were planted in a RCBD with 3 replicates. Highly significant mean squares due to genotypes for

This study was conducted to determine the nature of the mineral structure and properties of carbonate minerals of the sediments of the Main downstream and their effect on the chemical behavior of nickel and cobalt in five areas of Baghdad Governorate: Abu Ghraib, Al-Radwaniyah, Al-Yusufiyah, Al-Mahmoudiyah, and Al-Latifiyah. The results showed a difference, to the clay minerals of the water stream sediments. The presence of clay minerals such as mica, smectite, true chlorite, and swollen chlorite was observed in varying proportions, and the latter appeared more at the end of the study area. While a decrease in the percentage of kaolinite minerals was observed, a difference was observed in the quantity and properties of carbonate

This study was aimed to investigate effect of phosphorus, silicon, and citric acid on anatomical traits of pepper, This research was conducted at research stations, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Jadiriyah Campus, during 2021-2022 season. The study employed factorial experiment within randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The first factor included three levels of phosphorus (p) ( 0, 160, and 320 kg Ha^-1 P₂O₅), the second factor included three levels of potassium silicate (s) ( 0, 75, and 100 kg Ha^-1), while the third factor included four levels of citric acid (c ) ( 0, 2, 4, and 6 kg Ha^-1). The results revealed th

This research aimed to study the effect of some economic variables (agricultural output, interest rate, agricultural exports, and imports) in determining the volume of agricultural investment in Iraq during the period (1990-2020) by conducting a dynamic econometric analysis of the data collected from its secondary sources. The Error Correction Model (ECM) was employed, and the statistical analysis was performed using EViews 12 software. The results revealed a positive and significant long-term relationship between the explanatory variables and the dependent variable, agricultural investment. Its equilibrium value in the long term is one unit, and 7% of the divergence from the equilibrium between the long term and the short term c

Mature leaves fully expanded, undamaged were used in this study for leaf anatomy (blade, midrib and petiole) for 12 taxa of subgenera Prunus and Cerasus (P. cerasifera Ehrh., P. domestica subsp. domestica L., P. domestica subsp. syriaca (Borkh.) Janchen ex Mansfeld, P. domestica subsp. insititia (L.) C. K. Schneid, P. domestica subsp.  italica (Borkh.) Gams ex Hegi, P. armeniaca var. armeniaca, P. armeniaca cv. Saeede Meraime, P. microcarpa var. pubescens (Bornm.) Meikle, P. micr

The goal of this research is to detect flavonoids in Polygonum multiforum and use these extracts in the phyto-synthesis of (CdO NPs) Nano-particles (CdO, CdO2) and characterize them.  The HPLC examination yielded five compounds: Emodin (29.55%), followed by Aloe-emodin (24.52%), Chrysophanol (19.24%), Rhein (16.61%), and Physcion (10.06%). Two techniques were utilized to synthesize NPs, and the average size (by AFM) was (83.26 and 86.14) nm for the first and second procedures, respectively. SEM analysis revealed that process 1 produced Nano-rod particles with diameters ranging from (20-50) nm, whereas procedure 2 produced hexagonal Nano-plate crystals with a single Nano-scale size (20-100) nm. TEM pictures s

Infographics have the capability to organize and display information in a way that is easy for viewers to retrieve and make observations. While infographics have been successful in various fields, their potential benefits in composition writing have not been explored. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the perspectives of Iraqi EFL students who used infographics as an educational technology tool in composition writing, and to identify how gender influences students’ performance when using infographics in EFL writing classes. The significance of this study lies in its integration of infographics as an educational technology tool for teaching writing, aligning with the current trend of technology integration in ed

Teachers should have acceptable ratios of multiple intelligences. Knowing their most dominate intelligence, teachers will be capable of understanding and considering the multiple intelligences of their students. Accordingly, they will be able to use Gardner’s theory as an effective approach of teaching for all kinds of learners and not limited to a specific type of students especially those who have high ratios of verbal-linguistic and logic-mathematical intelligences

This study aimed to determine the contribution of women in diversifying sources of farm income, thereby improving the standard of living of the rural family, through their work in various primary and secondary agricultural production activities. Rural women in Iraq constitute a large part of the family's farm work. In addition to her paid work on other farms. Despite the significant role of rural women's contribution to production processes. However, the percentage of their participation in some agricultural operations is less than that of men due to their limited control over production and marketing decisions. This is reflected negatively in their ability to generate income. The research used cross-sectional data for a random s

This study was aimed to assessment of using nano Syrian zeolitic tuff (NSZT) as carrier to produce slow release phosphate fertilizer was executed. phosphate salt was loaded to modified nano-zeolite by HDTMA-Br (hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) surfactant application. Two main treatments (SMZ1, SMZ2), making approximately monolayer (83%) and bilayer (190%) real coverage of external cationic exchange capacity respectively. Phosphate was loaded on SMZ to prepare slow release fertilizer (SRF₁, SRF₂) respectively. Surface characteristics were conducted by using XRD and SEM techniques. Adsorption/ release experiments and incubation column were studied. Results showed that Langmuir isotherm was better

To improve both the quantity and quality of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) seeds, a field experiment was conducted in the fall season of 2021-2022 at two locations: Qlyasan Agricultural Research Station and Kanipanka Research Station. The experiment was designed as factorial experiments (2×2×3) within Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) using 3 replicates, the first factor was two sowing dates (20^th Oct. and 20^th Nov), the second factor was plant density (50 and 100 plants m^-2), and the third factor was the application of Nitrogen (15 and 30 kg ha^-1 as well as control). The mean results of the both locations indicated that the highest seed yield of 2759 kg ha^-1 g

Four genotypes of faba bean Vicia faba L. (Aknadcge, FlIP-17-078FB, FLIP-17-072FB and Fiedo were carried out during 2020-2021 winter season in year under four levels of phosphorus (0.0 18,36 and 54 Kg ha^-1) at the farm of field crops department, college of Agricultural Engineering science, University of Duhok, the experiment unit ranged in factorial within randomized complete block design with three replications. The result show significant effect of faba bean genotypes for all studies traits except plant height and main branches per plant and number of seed per plant, while the phosphorus level exhibited highly significant effect on all studies traits except plant Height and main branches the interaction betw

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection on Immune  organs and Immune response of ND vaccine in broiler chickens .210 day- old Broiler chicks were  randomly assigned to seven equal groups as following  G1: control  was not received any treatment, G2: only M. gallisepticum infection, G3: only ND vaccine, G4 ND vaccine and M. gallisepticum infection  , G5: ND vaccine and M. gallisepticum infection and treated with probiotic G6: ND vaccine and M. gallisepticum infection  and  treated with Glycyrrhizic Acid by drinking water, G7 : ND vaccine and M. gallisepticum

The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding various concentrations of annatto alcoholic extract  of (Bixa orellana) and tocotrienol on characteristics of cryopreserved semen of Holstein bulls. Collected semen were pooled and diluted with tris egg yolk extender, then equally divided into five groups as following: Control group (C) with tris extender only, T1 contain 150 mg annatto seed extract/ 25 ml extender, T2 contain 200 mg annatto seed extract / 25 ml extender, T3 contain 3 Mm tocotreinol /25 ml extender and T4 contain 4

This study was conducted at the Animal Farm of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad during the period from 22/1/2022 to 2/4/2022. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of leptin gene polymorphism on the weight gain, digestibility and rumen fermentations of Awassi lambs. Forty Awassi lambs were selected at age 4-5 months, with an initial weight mean of 25.4 kg, and distributed randomly in individual pens. The results showed that there were three variations in SNP (G>A),  GG, GA and AA it was 66.67, 30.56 and 2.7%, respectively, and the differences between them were highly significant (P≤0.01). No significant differences of leptin gene polymorphism were noticed on the percen

This study was conducted at the poultry farm\Abu Ghraib, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, for the period from 12-10-2022 to 22-11-2022 lasted for 42 days to study the effect of individual and synergistic addition of Moringa oleifera seeds and leaves powder to broiler diets on growth performance. 210 one day old unsexed broiler chicks (Ross-308), randomly distributed in to seven treatments with three replicates per treatment and 10 chicks per replicate as follows: T1 (control treatment) without additive, T2: 1% seeds powder, T3: 2% seeds powder, T4: 1% leaves powder, T5:  2% leaves powder, T6: 0.5% seeds powder + 0.5 leaves powder, T7: 1% seeds powder + 1% leaves powder. <

Background: Color stability of glass ionomers (GIs) could be affected by many factors such as pH and consumption of liquid medications like antibiotics. Most common antibiotics used during childhood are amoxicillin suspension (AM.S) and azithromycin suspension (AZ.S) which have acidic and basic pH respectively. Aim: to evaluate and compare the effect of AM.S and AZ.S on color stability of nano resin-modified GI. Methods: Thirty disc of nano resin-modified glass ionomer (2mm height x 4mm diameter) were divided into three groups (n=10 for each) and independently exposed to AM.S, AZ.S, and artificial saliva (A.S.). Color stability was evaluated in triplicate by VITA Easyshade® before and after three immersion protocols, repeated over

A novel mixed natural coagulant has been developed to remove sewage pollutants and heavy metals from Qanat- al- Jayesh by using low cost adsorbent natural materials. In these materials, significant interaction contains Arabic gum mixed with extracted silica from rice husk ash (natural coagulants) by the Batch device approach, using two variables, pH values ranging from 5-8 and contact times between 0.25-5 hrs. All wastewater samples were collected after treatment by adsorbents and examined for determination of residual heavy metal concentrations: Pb, Ni, Zn and Cu by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), turbidity, pH, total dissolved salts (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC) and total salinity (TS). The results obtained indicate Th