To damp the low-frequency oscillations which occurred due to the disturbances in the electrical power system, the generators are equipped with Power System Stabilizer (PSS) that provide supplementary feedback stabilizing signals. The low-frequency oscillations in power system are classified as local mode oscillations, intra-area mode oscillation, and interarea mode oscillations. Double input multiband Power system stabilizers (PSSs) were used to damp out low-frequency oscillations in power system. Among dual-input PSSs, PSS4B offers superior transient performance. Power system simulator for engineering (PSS/E) software was adopted to test and evaluate the dynamic performance of PSS4B model on Iraqi national grid. The res

دعم التعليم في الصين أركان الامبراطورية لقرون عدّة, وتجسد ذلك في اسناد الوظائف الحكومية للطلبة الذين اجتازوا الامتحانات الموحدة, ليكونوا ضمن الموظفين الأكفاء ممّن أداروا مفاصل الامبراطورية. ومثّل التعليم, على مر العصور, أحد المحركات الرئيسة لمجريات الأحداث في الصين, وفي جميع عهود حكم الأسر التي توالتْ على حكم الصين. كما أثرتْ التطورات التي حدثتْ خلال أواخر القرن الأخير من مدّة الدراسة بدورها في مجال التربي

  بعد الدراسة والبحث لهذا الموضوع الموسوم بـ " المعاملات المالية المحرمة في كتاب الموافقات للشاطبي " إتضحت لنا العديد من النتائج التي أثبتناها بالأدلة الموثقة من المصادر والمراجع وأهمها  هذه النتائج التي توصلنا إليها هي :

 تميز الإمام الشاطبي بعلمه الواسع والمتنوع في العلوم الشرعية ، وكان له الريادة في بيان المقاصد لا سيما في كتابه الموافقات في أصول الشريعة ، وقد أحتوى على المعاملات المالية المت

In this study, the electro-hydraulic servo system for speed control of fixed displacement hydraulic motor using proportional valve and (PID) controller is investigated theoretically ,experimentally and simulation . The theoretical part includes the derivation of the nonlinear mathematical model equation of (valve – motor ) combination system and the derivation of the transfer function for the complete hydraulic system , the stability test of the system during the operation through the transfer function using MATLAB package
V7.1 have been done. An experimental part includes design and built hydraulic test rig and simple PID controller .The best PID gains have been calculated experimentally and simulation, speed control performance te

يعتبر حق الحصول على المعلومات من أقدس الحقوق واهمها والتي تمثل الغذاء الروحي للإنسان، وتأسيساً على ذلك فقد تناول الباحث من خلال خذه الدراسة مضامين هذا الحق وتنظيمه على المستوى الدولي والمحلي, اذ عنيت المواثيق الدولية منذ زمن بعيد بهذا الحق ورتبت له ضمانات كافية على عاتق الدول في مواضع كثير مثل الاعلان العالمي لحقوق الانسان, الا ان هذا الحق قد لقي العديد من الصعوبات في التشريعات الاردنية في بادئ الامر الى ان

تتفق اغلب المصادر التي تناولت الجانب الحضاري للعهد الاخميني على ان ثقافات البلدان التي ضمتها الإمبراطورية الاخمينية الى نفوذها هي اقدم من ثقافة الاخمينيين انفسهم وانها ساهمت بشكل فاعل ومؤثر في وضع اساس الثقافة الاخمينية لاسيما في مجال فن الهندسة المعمارية ، والسؤال الذي يتبادر الى الاذهان هل ان الفنون الفارسية لا سيما في العهد الاخميني  لم يكن لها كيانها الخاص وانها نسخ لفنون الامبراطوريات الأخرى ؟ وهل

The aim of this research was to apply a numerical model capable of describing the thermal pollution in rivers. For this purpose a two-dimensional numerical model was applied for estimating temperature distribution in a river Momentum Conservation Equation and Thermal Energy Equation were used to describe the fdistribution and diffusion of temperature along the river subjected to thermal pollution point source. Furthermore the model incorporates the (k-e) turbulence model to calculate the distribution of turbulent viscosity The pressure distribution was determined using hydrostatic pressure equation. The partial differential equations were formalized and simplified to be solved using Alternative direction implicit- explicit method (ADI) w

تبين لنا من خلال ما مر ذكره في خطب النبي محمد (r) عن القيم الاخلاقية ان القيم بكل اصنافها وانواعها وموضوعاتها السياسية كانت او الاقتصادية او الاجتماعية او الدينية وغيرها قد حظيت وخاصة الاخلاقية منها بعناية بالغة في الدين الاسلامي سواء في القران الكريم او السنة النبوية الشريفة على اعتبارها اساس بناء الشخصية المسلمة من اجل ذاتها ثم من اجل الاخرين وكل ذلك لازم للنهوض بالانسان الفرد ثم بالمجتمع المسلم ولاسيما ش

The study presents the test results of Completely Decomposed Granite (CDG) soil tested under drained triaxial compression, direct shear and simple shear tests. Special attention was focused on the modification of the upper halve of conventional Direct Shear Test (DST) to behave as free
head in movement along with vertical strain control during shear stage by using Geotechnical Digital System (GDS). The results show that Free Direct Shear Test (FDST) has clear effect on the measured shear stress and vertical strain during the test. It has been found that shear strength
parameters measured from FDST were closer to those measured from simple shear and drained triaxial compression test. This study also provides an independent check on

Series compensation is frequently found on long transmission lines used to improve voltage stability. Due to the long transmission lines, voltage begins to decay as the line moves further from the source. Series compensation devices placed strategically on the line to increase the voltage profile of the line to levels near 1.0 p.u.. This paper presents a novel optimum location and optimum percentage compensation value of a series capacitor as a compensation method to enhance the voltage stability and loss reduction. The proposed method is applied to a 11-bus power system.The load flow analysis using Newton-Raphson approach for the 11-bus test system was designed and tested using MATLAB 7 programming language.

This research presents a model for surveying networks configuration which is designed and called a Computerized Integrated System for Triangulation Network Modeling (CISTNM). It focuses on the strength of figure as a concept then on estimating the relative error (RE) for the computed side (base line) triangulation element. The CISTNM can compute the maximum elevations of the highest
obstacles of the line of sight, the observational signal tower height, the contribution of each triangulation station with their intervisibility test and analysis. The model is characterized by the flexibility to select either a single figure or a combined figures network option. Each option includes three other implicit options such as: triangles, quadri

In this study, a 3 mm thickness 7075-T6 aluminium alloy sheet was used in the friction stir welding process. Using the design of experiment to reduce the number of experiments and to obtain the optimum friction stir welding parameters by utilizing Taguchi technique based on the ultimate tensile test results. Orthogonal array of L9 (3³) was used based on three numbers of the parameters and three levels for each parameter, where shoulder-workpiece interference depth (0.20, 0.25, and 0.3) mm, pin geometry (cylindrical thread flat end, cylindrical thread with 3 flat round end, cylindrical thread round end), and thread pitch (0.8, 1, and 1.2) mm) this technique executed by Minitab 17 software. The results showed th

This paper deals with finite element modeling of the ultimate load behavior of double skin composite (DSC) slabs. In a DSC slab, shear connectors in the form of nut bolt technique studs are used to transfer shear between the outer skin made of steel plates and the concrete core. The current study is based on finite element analysis using ANSYS Version 11 APDL release computer program. Experimental programmes were carried out by the others, two simply supported DSC beams were tested until failure under a concentrated load applied at the center. These test specimens were analyzed by the finite element method and the analyses have shown that these slabs displayed a high degree of flexural characteristics, ultimate strength,

A new mathematical model for three-dimensional thin-walled curved beam element of closed
section with seven degree-of-freedom per node is derived using the finite element procedure. The
seventh degree-of-freedom is to account for warning restraint effects in thin-walled closed sections.
These effects may become significant and should be fully considered in such sections for which
warping deformations are relatively large. This model considers the coupled action due to the
curved geometry of the element using its exact static behavior in the derivation of the displacement
field. Also, the modei considers the non-uniform torsional behavior of closed thin-walled sections
in cases where additional axial direct stresses a

_{The aim of this paper, is to analyze the assignment problem in industry where the constraint of allowing to allocate only one job to each machine is relaxed. Thus, splitting the job is permitted and processed by more than one machine. The problem is demonstrated with a real life case study. We solved the problem by splitting the jobs and converting lot of jobs as well as the actual hours of each machine to Standard Machine Hours (SMH). Transportation model is also suggested to overcome the problem, and the optimum solution is obtained by using POM software}

This work deals with the production of light fuel cuts of (gasoline, kerosene and gas oil) by catalytic cracking treatment of secondary product mater (heavy vacuum gas oil) which was produced from the vacuum distillation unit in any petroleum refinery. The objective of this research was to study the effect of the catalyst -to- oil ratio parameter on catalytic cracking process of heavy vacuum gas oil feed at constant temperature (450 °C). The first step of this treatment was, catalytic cracking of this material by constructed batch reactor occupied with auxiliary control devices, at selective range of the catalyst –to- oil ratio parameter (  2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5) respectively.  The conversion of heavy vacuum gas

In this paper different channel coding and interleaving schemes in DS/CDMA system over multipath fading channel were used. Two types of serially concatenated coding were presented. The first one composed of Reed-Solomon as outer code, convolutional code as inner code and the interleaver between the outer and inner codes and the second consist of convolutional code as outer code, interleaved in the middle and differential code as an inner code. Bit error rate performance of different schemes in multipath fading channel was analyzed and compared. Rack receiver was used in DS/CDMA receiver to combine multipath components in order to enhance the signal to noise ratio at the receiver.

Housing planning is one of the most important subjects in the housing sector studies. It
is wide and has many branches . .
Housing planning according to the cost and social benefit is the solution to prevent the
escalating rise in Housing shortage .
This fact is combined with which is estimated at more than three million housing unit .
And big a reduction in housing construction rate , which lead to increase the housing problem
in the country. This matter needs a clear policy from the authorities to accelerate the planning
process and to adopt that strategy to solve the housing problem in Iraq.
This strategy should adopt the principal of constructing low – cost housing complexes
through the

Different methods of encryption that are widely used in smart card have been presented. Because of the usefulness and widespread application of Food Ration Card throughout our country, three models of designing and simulations are developed. A comparison between the different models is done. The first model is the Food Ration Card without using any security method. The second model is the Food Ration Card with using an AES algorithm as a security method. The third model is the Food Ration Card with using RSA method. All models are implemented and simulated using  BasicCard Development kit Environment. For the first model, a Compact BasicCard version ZC1.1 is used. While for the second and third models, a Professional BasicCard versi

 We use the idea of Grill, this study generalized a new sort of linked space like –connected –hyperconnected and investigated its features, as well as the relationship between it and previously described notation. It also developed new sorts of functions, such as hyperconnected space, and identifying their relationship, by offering numerous instance and attributes that belong to this set. This set will serve as a starting point for further research into the sets many future possibilities. Also, we use some of the theorems and observations previously studied and relate them to the grill and the Alpha group, and benefit from them in order to obtain new results in this research. We applied the concept of Connected to them and obtained

 

اشتمل البحث على خمسة ابواب استهلها الباحث بمقدمة البحث واهميته التي بين فيها تطور المجتمع البشري وتقدمه الكبير نحو الرفاهية الذي ترك اثاراً سلبية على صحة الانسان واضعف نشاطه الحركي الذي اثر على وظائف اجهزة الجسم ومنها الجهاز الدوري، وجاءت اهمية البحث في دراسة تاثير منهج تاهيلي معد من تمارين متنوعة تلائم حاجة مرضى قصور الشرايين التاجية، اما مشكلة البحث فكانت تبدر حول ازدياد المشاكل الصحية حول الق

تكمن أهمية البحث في استخدام الأجهزة الحديثة والمتطورة لقياس مؤشر النبض بشكل مباشر(ميدانياً) في تقنين الحمل التدريبي، ووضع ركيزة أساسية لتدريب رياضة السباحة عن طريق تطبيق المناهج التدريبية المبنية على أسس علمية، أما مشكلة البحث فتكمن في أن تقنين الحمل التدريبي باستخدام أجهزة حديثة ومتطورة تقيس معدل النبض أثناء التدريب غير مستخدمة سابقاً في تدريب رياضة السباحة في العراق. ويهدف البحث إلى : 1 – التعرف إلى تقني

This paper reports the conversion of a large unsignalised roundabout (HURIYA SQUARI!) relatively close to the University of Baghdad campus to a signalized intersection. The study focused on reduction of vehicle delay and queue length at this  intersection area. During the course of this research project, two software packages for the analysis and design of isolated intersection, SIDRA (Akcelik, R.1986 and 1991) and HCS (Transportation Research Board, National Research Council 1994) were available. A trial site selected and the observed dara used in the evaluation of the SIDRA and HCS outputs. The evaluation process indicated that SIDRA produce vehicle delay, which is reasonably consistent with the observed vehicle dela

Knapsack problems are a class of common but difficult (NP-complete or NP -hard) problems. Since, it is believed that no knapsack problem algorithm can be constructed whose computation time optimality increases as any polynomial function of the problem size. There is a variety of knapsack-type problems in which a set of entities, together with their values (profits) and sizes, is given, and it is desired to select one or more disjoint subsets so that the total of the sizes in each subset does not exceed given bounds and the total of the selected values is maximized. Diploid representation and dominance operator are advanced operators that attempt to improve upon the power of traditional genetic algorithms. Pseudo Meiosis Genetic Algorithm

تطرق الباحثون الى اهمية القدرات البدنية للاعبي الالعاب الجماعية  (كرة السله وكرة اليد)  اما اهمية البحث فتركزت على التعرف الدقيق للاختلافات النسبية لبعض القدرات البدنية لدى لاعبي تلك الالعاب ومن ثم المقارنة بينها في تلك المتغيرات اما مشكلة البحث فتكمن في معرفة الفروقات من حيث التشابه والاختلاف بين لاعبي الالعاب الجماعية من ناحيه القدرات البدنية وهدف البحث في التعرف على بعض القدرات البدن

Fourteen Bulgarian pregnant ewes (three months of gestation), were used and divided in two groups, one group was inoculated with 500 infective larvae /kg. body weight, the other group remained non-infected control. Productive parameters, blood changes were recorded and faecal egg counts were examined weekly. Marked reduction in food intake was recorded in infected ewes, especially during prelambing period. No obvious differences were noted between both groups after lambing. Slight differences in body weight gain were recorded between both groups until labour, while after lambing, the weight losses of infected ewes were highly significant 1%. No effect of infection has been seen on fleece weight, while significant depression in the haemog

Laser assisted skin wound closure offers many distinct advantages over conventional closure
techniques. The objective of this in vitro experimental study, carried out at the Institute of Laser for
Postgraduate Studies/Baghdad University, was to determine the effectiveness of 980 nm diode laser in
welding of human skin wounds. Multiple 3-4 cm long full thickness incisions in a specimen of human
skin obtained from the discarded panniculus of an Abdominoplasty operation were tried to be laser
welded using a 4 mm spot diameter laser beam from a 980 nm diode laser at different laser parameters
and modes of action. The tensile strength at the weld site was analyzed experimentally. Although laser
assisted wound welding did

هدف البحث الى إيجاد صدق وثبات مجموعة من الاختبارات البدنية (رمي الكرة الطبية للأمام من وضع الجلوس والاستناد الامامي والضغط على المسطبة) واختبار وينكيت لقياس القدرة اللاهوائية لعضلات الطرف العلوي. واعتمد الباحثان المنهج الوصفي وتمثلت عينة البحث بطلاب كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة في جامعة بغداد والبالغ عددهم (25) طالباً. وبلغ المتوسط الحسابي لعينة البحث في قياسات الطول والوزن والعمر (175.63 ±4.83 سم) (65.94 ±1.64

   Rotating cylinder electrode (RCE) is used . in weight loss technique , the salinity is 200000 p.p.m, temperatures are (30,5060,7080Co) . the velocity of (RCE) are (500,1500,3000 r.p.m). the water cut (30% , 50%). The corrosion rate of carbon steel increase with increasing rotating cylinder velocity. In single phase flow, an increase im rotational velocity from 500 to 1500 r.p.m, the corrosion rate increase from 6.88258 mm/y to 10.11563 mm/y respectively.

   In multiphase flow, an increase in (RCE) from 500 to 1500 r.p.m leads to increase in corrosion rate from 0.786153 to 0.910327 mm/y respectively. Increasing brine concentration leads to increase in corrosion rate at water cut 30%.

    This study was carried out from February to October 2012 in six semi salty ponds in Gwer sub-district which is the first work in the area. A total of 32 species and 2 genera of algae where reported as the new records. Mostly the non diatoms are belonging to Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta, Cryptophyta, Chrysophyceae, while diatoms or Bacilariophyceae are belong to pennals- order.