يسلط البحث الضوء على ماجرى من ظلم واضطهاد للعرب المسلمين وغيرهم من الديانات الأخرى، ولكننا ليس بصدد الحديث عمّا حلّ بأهل الديانات الاخرى لكون البحث يتناول العرب المسلمين في الأندلس بعد سقوطها بيد الإسبان الذين أُجبروا على ترك الاسلام والتنصر بالقوة حفاظًا على ارواحهم وممتلكاتهم وهم الذين أُطلقت عليهم تسمية المورسكي أي العرب المتنصرين. وبالرغم من كل تلك الظروف القاسية والمحن والشدائد التي مرّ بها هؤلاء إل

Efficient and cost-effective drilling of directional wells necessitates the implementation of best drilling practices and advanced techniques to optimize drilling operations. Failure to adequately consider drilling risks can result in inefficient drilling operations and non-productive time (NPT). Although advanced drilling techniques may be expensive, they offer promising technical solutions for mitigating drilling risks. This paper aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of advanced drilling techniques in mitigating risks and improving drilling operations when compared to conventional drilling techniques. Specifically, the advanced drilling techniques employed in Buzurgan Oil Field, including vertical drilling with mud motor, managed pres

Abstract: Microfluidic devices present unique advantages for the development of efficient drug assay and screening. The microfluidic platforms might offer a more rapid and cost-effective alternative. Fluids are confined in devices that have a significant dimension on the micrometer scale. Due to this extreme confinement, the volumes used for drug assays are tiny (milliliters to femtoliters).

 In this research, a microfluidic chip consists of micro-channels carved on substrate materials built by using Acrylic (Polymethyl Methacrylate, PMMA) chip was designed using a Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) laser machine. The CO2 parameters have influence on the width, depth, roughness of the chip. In order to have regular

Raising children occupies a prominent place in Islam as a step paving the way for the success of reform projects on the level of diverse human life, and for this reason the recommendation for education was mentioned in the mission entrusted to the Prophet (PBUH), the Almighty said:

(( هُوَ الَّذِي بَعَثَ فِي الْأُمِّيِّينَ رَسُولًا مِّنْهُمْ يَتْلُو عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتِهِ وَيُزَكِّيهِمْ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَإِن كَانُوا مِن قَبْلُ لَفِي ضَلَالٍ مُّبِينٍ))  Jumaa verse /38

The topic of the research that is in your hands deals with the

 The line is among a nation of civilized nations did not attain what Muslims took care

The reaction of LAs-Cl8 : [ (2,2- (1-(3,4-bis(carboxylicdichloromethoxy)-5-oxo-2,5- dihydrofuran-2-yl)ethane – 1,2-diyl)bis(2,2-dichloroacetic acid)]with sodium azide in ethanol with drops of distilled water has been investigated . The new product L-AZ :(3Z ,5Z,8Z)-2- azido-8-[azido(3Z,5Z)-2-azido-2,6-bis(azidocarbonyl)-8,9-dihydro-2H-1,7-dioxa-3,4,5- triazonine-9-yl]methyl]-9-[(1-azido-1-hydroxy)methyl]-2H-1,7-dioxa-3,4,5-triazonine – 2,6 – dicarbonylazide was isolated and characterized by elemental analysis (C.H.N) , 1H-NMR , Mass spectrum and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) . The reaction of the L-AZ withM+n: [ ( VO(II) , Cr(III) ,Mn(II) , Co(II) , Ni(II) , Cu(II) , Zn(II) , Cd(II) and Hg(II)] has been i

  Amidst the changes resulting from the subject matter of expression in art. The necessity of searching for the expressive features of thought that leaves different imprints with aesthetic features and values which called for re-modifying the expressive vision of contemporary drawings. Therefore, this research has been concerned with the study of (abstract expressive features in the drawings of (Serwan Baran) and (Eric Barto) - a comparative study), and the research includes four chapters. The first chapter is devoted to explaining the research problem, its importance, need, purpose, and limits, then determining the most important terms mentioned in it. Where the research problem dealt with the subject of abstract expressive feature

The oil and gas production industry is considered the most important industries in the modern world because of its large relative significance among the group of energy recourses required for the world, where the natural resources represent the oil and natural gas fields, phosphate, gold, coal, forests and others. The most important advantage of the natural resources is its need for huge financial investments for a relatively long period of time from the beginning of the work until the start of extracting natural resources. Also, there are numerous cases where the natural source is not feasible exploited economically and is not discovered until after the passage of a long period of time from the start of work and paying relatively high a

Salbutamol sulphate nebules is considered as the most rapid effective route of
administration for treatment of acute attacks of asthma .
This study was carried out to formulate a stable formula of salbutamol nebules
containing 0.1% (2.5mg / 2.5ml) of the active ingredient in a buffered solution .
Stability study in different buffers at pH 3 showed that the longest shelf life was
equal to 3.5 years for formula F .In addition the bioequivalency of this formula
incomparison to ventolin® nebules was measured and it was equal to (± 5.2) %.
Also it was found that there was no significant difference between the formula
and ventolin® nebules regarding their pharmacokinetic parameters which include
elimination

In the last few years, following the relative stability of the political, economic, and security environments, Iraq has embarked on a transformation towards an ambitious program of automation across various sectors. However, this automation program faces numerous challenges, including significant investments in technology and training, addressing social impacts, and combating widespread illiteracy

  The ceramics specimens as superconducting phase (Bi2PbxSr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ) with different concentrations of Pb from (0.0-0.5) were prepared by solid-state reaction method. Superconducting samples were exposed to high humidity (RH 75% at 25ºC) for seven weeks time interval. The humidity has a negative effect on the transition temperature of superconductor phase .It destroys the superconducting phase and the samples were converting to insulator.  
 

    In this work, animal bones with different shapes and sizes were used to study the characteristics of the ground penetrating Radar system wares reflected by these bones. These bones were buried underground in different depths and surrounding media. The resulting data showed that the detection of buried bones with the GPR technology is highly dependent upon the surrounding media that the bones were buried in. Humidity is the main source of signal loss in such application because humidity results in low signal-to-noise ratio which leads to inability to distinguish between the signal reflected by bones from that reflected by the dopes  in the media such as rock .

التنافس الدولي وضمان امن النفط

Genetically altered stable non reverting aromatic dependent (aro)
Salmonella typhimurium,strain SL1479 was administrated intramuscularly to
healthy pregnant guinea pigs as alive vaccine. Twenty one pregnant guinea pigs
were divided into two groups, the first group (15 animals) was vaccinated twice
with 1ml containing 17 C.f.U /ml approximately fourth and second week preparturition
and the second group (6 animals) injected with 1ml trypticase soy
broth (TSB) as a control group.
Adverse reaction to vaccination were not observed in the pregnant guinea
pigs, which parturated normally. The vaccine induced humoral and cellular
immune response as measured by tube agglutination test and delayed type
hypersensitivity

Locally isolated fowl pox virus was inoculated on chorioallantoic membrane
of chick embryos, leads to the appearances of odema and pocks lesion on the
membrane , 120 hours post inoculation .Virus assay showed that the infectivity
titer were 106.8 to 107.5 EID50/0.1 ml in embryonated chicken eggs. Monolayer
tissue cultures of chick embryo fibroblast cells infected with fowl pox virus were
examined by acridine orange staining and indirect immunoperoxidase test to study
the cytopathogenic effects of the virus . The most striking cytoplasmic changes
observed was the presence of the intracytoplasmic inclusions at 24-48 hours post
inoculation, numerous inclusions were clearly seen at 72 hr. P.I.in addition to
cytopla

The present study aimed to synthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) using aqueous extract of black currant as a reducing agent. The green synthesized black currant selenium nanoparticles (BCSeNPs) were identified by color change. The characterization of SeNPs was achieved by Ultraviolet-visible (UV–VIS) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X–ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). These tests were used to detect: stability, morphology, size, crystalline nature, and functional groups present on the surface of BCSeNPs. The results revealed appearance of the brick-red color indicating the specific color of selenium nanoparticles, and UV-Vis spectroscopy showed band absorbance at

Sixty samples of bursa of Fabricius were collected from broiler chickens suspected to be infected with infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in different areas of Iraq for molecular evaluation. The extracted nucleic acid was amplified using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting genes of segment A (Vp2, Vp3, Vp4 and Vp5 genes) and segment B (VP1 genes). The products of amplification were sent to Korea for sequencing using Sanger method. The sequencing analysis of the IBDV from the Iraqi isolates revealed that each gene had different transition and transversion (nonsense and missense of point mutation) compared to reference genes. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the VP2

       The use of heavy ions in the treatment of cancer tumors allows for accurate radiation of the tumor with minimal collateral damage that may affect the healthy tissue surrounding the infected tissue. For this purpose, the stopping power and the range to which these particles achieved of  Nitrogen (N) in the skin tissue  were calculated by programs SRIM (The Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter),(SRIM Dictionary) [1],(CaSP)(Convolution  approximation for Swift Particles )[2]which are famous programs to calculate stopping power of material and Bethe formula , in the energy range (1 - 1000) MeV .Then  the semi - empirical formulas to calculate the stopping power and range of Nitrogen io

Perpetual research endeavors have been created within the existing research to improve the sustainability elements concerning the road structure sector, i.e., minimize possible pollutants and improve monetary profitability. This study aims to determine how recycled concrete aggregates (RCA), which come from tearing down buildings, affect rutting performance using specimens prepared in a laboratory. Four replacement proportions (0, 25, 50, 75)% were studied for the coarse portion of natural aggregate. RCA was treated by immersing it in hydrochloric acid (HCL). The surface morphology of treated RCA was investigated using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) test. This study employed two preliminary assessments: the typical

Real-world signals are often intricate and difficult to analyze. Therefore, to facilitate the analysis of signal components, the researchers represent the signal in different domains (transform domain), providing a new perspective and offering significant advantages in understanding the various components of signals. Therefore, discrete transforms have been the subject of extensive study.  In this paper, a new hybrid form of orthogonal polynomial is introduced named discrete Cosine-Krawtchouk–Tchebichef transform (DCKTKT). Which is based on combining discrete Cosine transform with krawtchouk and tchebichef polynomials. The mathematical and theoretical formulations of DCKTKT are presented, followed by an evaluation of

This study investigates the Linguistic and Conceptual equivalence of Conner’s Revised Scales when applied on a Sudanese sample. Sudanese parents and teachers completed behavior-rating scales on a stratified sample of 200 children. These instruments were based on Conner’s parent -48 and teacher-28 questionnaires. Following a reliable translation into Sudanese Arabic the test-retest reliability of the items and the internal consistency of the original Conner’s' revised scales were explored. The associations between scale scores and between parents and teachers scores were also examined. Both instruments displayed good reliability and the original Conners scales had satisfactory internal consistency. The inter-correlation sugg

Galvanic corrosion of stainless steel 316 (SS316) and carbon steel (CS) coupled in 5% wt/v sulfuric acid solution at agitation velocity was investigated. The galvanic behavior of coupled metals was also studied using zero resistance ammeter (ZRA) method. The effects of agitation velocity, temperature, and time on galvanic corrosion current and loss in weight of both metals in both free corrosion and galvanic corrosion were investigated. The trends of open circuit potential (OCP) of each metal and galvanic potential (E_g) of the couple were, also, determined. Results showed that SS316 was cathodic relative to CS in galvanic couple and its OCP was much more positive than that of CS for all investigated ranges of

Objective; swine flu is known to be caused by influenza A subtypes H1N1,H1N2, H2N3, H3N1, and H3N2, was first proposed to be a disease related to human flu during the 1918 flu pandemic, Iraq face the epidemic of 2009, many patients admitted to the medical word of alkindy teaching hospital, the clinical features were observed and managed according to WHO protocols.
The aim of the study; is to asses some features of morbidity and mortality of swine flu epidemic admitted patients in 2009 in alkindy teaching hospital.
Methods; A total 131 patients with suspected influenza
admitted to Alkindy Teaching Hospital all complain of
fever more than 38c, sore throat with or without cough.
The admitted patients are of two main
groups

This study aims at measuring the sectarian prejudice attitude with sample of college student and secondary school students. It also aims at detecting the impact of similarities and differences of the sectarian belief with the parents on the development of sectarian prejudice with their parents according the following variables (gender,grade,achievement of the parents).

 The study restricted by a sample consists of (Baghdad,Al-mustansiriya,and Al-Qadisiyah) students and the fourth grade students (males and female). To achieve the goal of this study , the researcher built atoll to measure the sectarian prejudice attitude after verifying its psychometric characteristics , after analyzin

تكوين النص الكانطي لإتجاه المثالية النقدية

 في الفكر العربي المعاصر

أ.م.د- عمار عبد الكاظم رومي           

                                                            جامعة بغداد

– كلية ا

      ان تحقيق التطوير المطلوب في التعليم الجامعي يستلزم القيام ببحوث علمية تساعد في الوصول الى معادلات سليمة لأحداثه، وتجنب سلبيات التغيير غير المدروس وغير المخطط علميا ، والبحث الحالي هو محاولة في هذا الأتجاه، ويهتم بوضع خطوط عريضة تتضمن مجموعة الآراء والأفكار والتوجهات ذات الاهمية لتطوير دور التعليم العالي في تنمية العلم والتكنولوجيا، والتنمية البشرية ، أيضا في توجيه

Characterizing the reservoir accurately and understanding its rock’s composition is essential in predicting performance and determining reservoir designs. In this study, the carbonate Khasib formation from the late Cretaceous period for x oil field- southern Iraq has been examined characterizing. To achieve this, different characterization techniques were utilized. Firstly, using the flow zone indicator method revealed five hydraulic flow units (HFUs) of the Khasib formation. Every HFU represents a particular quality of reservoir rock. HFU1 is the one that refers to poor quality, while bad-quality reservoir rock is displayed as HFU2. HFU3 and HFU4 signify the intermediate and good reservoir rock quality respectively. The last hydraulic