The anatomical study showed the epidermis leaves of Ricinus communis L.glabrous and withparacytic pattern, also the midrib of leavescomposedfrom a pyramidal shapearea with a circular tip like ascamel humpfrom the upper side consisting of supported collenchyma tissue, and the cross section of leaf petiole formed as an ovate shape as for the cross section of stem was a circular, also observed many druces crystaland aleuron grains that are spread in the cortex area. Pollen grain appeared under a scanning electron microscope that tricolporate, either the surface pattern was reticulate and the shape of pollen grain prolate spheroidal to subprolate

يُعد المراهقون أهم عنصر من عناصر المجتمع المنتج والمتقدم، وذلك لأنهم يمثلون أهم الموارد البشرية ويمثلون الركيزة الأساسية والطاقة الفعالة التي يعتمد عليها في دفع عجلة التنمية وتحقيقها بكل أبعادها، لذلك يجب غرس مفاهيم الأمن الفكري في نفوس وعقول المراهقين لما في ذلك من أهمية للتصدي لكل أنواع المؤثرات التي قد تؤدي إلى الانحرافات الفكرية، وذلك من خلال فهمهم للقضايا الإنسانية والاجتماعية والثقافية، والمواطنة

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى قياس مستوى الوعي بأبعاد المواطنة الرقمية لدى طلاب برامج بكالوريوس التربية بجامعة ظفار، وعلاقته بمتغيرات النوع، التخصص، والمعدل التراكمي. تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في الدراسة، وقد تكون مجتمعها من جميع طلاب قسم التربية بكلية الآداب والعلوم التطبيقية بجامعة ظفار، حيث تم اختيار عينة عشوائية تكونت من (81) طالبًا وطالبة خلال العام الدراسي 2024 / 2025 من طلاب برنامج بكالوريوس التربية تقني

Numerical and experimental investigation of blood flow through stenotic and tapered arteries under pulsation condition are studied. Blood is considered as non-Newtonian fluid. Artery is considered as a rigid wall tapered vessel with different tapering angles (0.5o
, 1o ,1.5o ), as well as, straight vessel for comparison. The governing equations have been written in stream- vorticity method
and are transformed into generalized coordinate system. The time marching has been employed to solve the resulting partial differential equations. The experimental work carried out to examine pressure in vessel and pressure drop across the stenosis under pulsation condition. Differential pressure transducer coupled to the data acquision card

Sewer system plays an essential task in urban cities by protecting public health and the environment. The operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation of this network have to be sustainable and scientifically. For this purpose, it is crucial to support operators, decision makers and municipalities with performance evaluation procedure that is based on operational factors. In this paper, serviceability and performance indicator (PI) principles are employed to propose methodology comprising two enhanced PI curves that can be used to evaluate the individual sewers depending on operational factors such as flowing velocity and wastewater level in the sewers. To test this methodology; a case study of al-Rusafa in Baghdad city is

تحرص رؤية المملكة 2030م على الاهتمام بالتنمية البشرية وتعزيز الجهود الملائمة لنتائج العملية التدريبية مع احتياجات سوق العمل المحلي ، وتُعد الفتاة السعودية عنصر قوي من عناصر الوطن ، لذا تتبنى المملكة تنميتها واستثمار طاقاتها وتمكينها من الحصول على كافة الفرص المناسبة لبناء مستقبلها والإسهام في تنمية المجتمع والاقتصاد .

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    والصناعة بالعصر الحالي أحد أهم الركائز والدعائم في البنيان الاقتصا

The scope of the world of translation is an area filled with different types of translations, whether translations of scientific, social, political or economic in addition to the other types are endless, but the translation problematic grammatical that may confront us if we proceed to translate any subject are important issues that must Translator whether translators or interpreters that puts it into consideration and attaches great importance to the translation is very clear and without any ambiguity. One of these forms of grammatical task is to translate the relative pronoun (que) from Spanish into Arabic language, which revolves around the subject of this research.

    The relative pron

  In this paper, Cu2S/CdS solar cells were prepared with different thickness of CdS layer, these layers were prepared by using chemical spray pyrolysis technique. The chemical spray solution was prepared by mixing cadmium chloride CdCl2 and thiourea CS(NH2)2 of molar concentration 0.1 M/L, the CdS layer was formed after the solution was sprayed on hot Aluminum substrate at temperature 400°C. Experimentally the type of CdS film was found as n–type depending on the results of Hall Effect, the value of the Hall factor (RH) is about – 1.348 x 10–6 m3/C and the density of the majority charge carriers (N) is about 4.64x1018 cm–3.       The prepared film was tested by using X-Ray

The bacteria Azotobacter Vinelandii  was taken from a central research in Baghdad, The purification of alginic acid which produced from the bacteria by several steps starting with precipitation with isopropanol (3:1) v/v , Washing by ppt with 100ml of isopropanol       : distilled water (3:1) v/v , then the ppt was dissolved in warm distilled water and dialysis against distilled water from 24 h/s . To Complete the purification , gel filtration chromatography was conducted on sephacryl s-100 column followed by ion – exchange chromatography . Using DEAE cellulose column . The molecular Weight of purified al ginic acid was higher than that of blue dextran 2000,It was more than (2) millions Dalton .<

This research included clinical biochemical study of some important biochemical variations of diabetes patients of type II ( NIDDM ) in comparison with the normal serum of healthy persons (control group ) , aiming to explain the relation between these variations .       The following tests were done :FBS,HbA1cTF, LAF Lipid profiles ,Cu, Zn , and Cu/Zn ratio.                   The results have been constructed by studying  the values of the  relation between the variations . The relation between TF, LAF, FBS, HbA1c, Cu and CU/ Zn ratio is positive , while the relation between the above mentioned variations and

New metal complexes of some transition metal ions [Fe(III) , Co(II) , Ni(II) and Cu(II)] of two previously prepared ligands HLI=(P-methyl anilino)- P-methoxy phenyl acetonitrile and HLII =(P-methoxy anilino)-P- methoxy phenyl acetonitrile were synthesized. The two ligands were prepared by Strecker's procedure which included the reaction of Pmethoxybenzaldehyde with p-toluidine and P-anisidine respectively. The structures of the new metal complexes were characterized by atomic absorption , i.r and U.V.-visible spectra . Magnetic susceptibilities and conductivity measurements in DMF of metal complexes were also studied. These ligands coordinate as abidentate molecules through nitrogen atoms of amino group and nitrile group except the

Phytoplankton  flora in southern marshes of govemorate Al- Basrah ( Al-SallaJ   marsh   )                                  Meissan   (Al-   Hwizah   marsh)   and   Di-qar   (Al­ Chebiaysh  marsh ) were studied from August 12005 to November /2005,

Four Stations were Chosen in each marsh. Identified  species and total

cell count were recorded . As aquality study, (35) species of algae were identified belonged to (23) genus in Al-Sallal  marsh  , (46) speci

     In vivo study was made for the coumpounds 3-(ocetyl Salicyloyl)-5,6-O-isoprpy lideneL-ascorbicocid,2,3-(acetyl Salicyloyl )-5,6-o- isopropylidene-L-ascorbic acid and 2,3,5,6(acetyl Salicyloyl )-L- ascorbic acid .And a measurement was mod for the concentration of the liberated aspirin in blood samples a fter (2,3,4,6,8,10) hours of the initial dose for the animal .The results showed that the highest concentration of aspirin was after four hours of giving the dose to the animal which is in accordance with pharmacokinetics studies

      A new approach presented in this study to determine the optimal edge detection threshold value. This approach is base on extracting small homogenous blocks from unequal mean targets. Then, from these blocks we generate small image with known edges (edges represent the lines between the contacted blocks). So, these simulated edges can be assumed as true edges .The true simulated edges, compared with the detected edges in the small generated image is done by using different thresholding values. The comparison based on computing mean square errors between the simulated edge image and the produced edge image from edge detector methods. The mean square error computed for the total edge image (Er), for edge regio

The  role  of  free  radicals  generation  and  Lipid  Peroxidation

during the course of ischemic heart disease is well establshed as a basic for Pthogenesis and subsequent tissue damage consequenes . In an attempt to shed a light on the possible relationship between lipid peroxidation and some antioxidant.

The effect of vitamine E  (as a potent antioxidant free radical scavenger) . On the serum levels of the Lipoproteins, (HDLc) High Density Lipoprotein , (LDLc) Low Density Lipoprotein and (VLDLc) very Low Density Lipoprotein in healthy donors.

The  study  includes  (50) healthy  donors  from  males  and  females  ,

       Modification of gas chromatographic technique for the separation and determination of methyl ethoy silane compounds which were synthesized by the addition of absolute ethanol to methyl chlorosilane compounds have been elaborated experimentally.  The addition of absolute dry ethanol to methyl chlorosilane compounds in the presence of a dry stream of nitrogen gas led to sweep out the liberated HCl gas. This method was found to be the suitable method for the preparation of methyl ethoxy silane compounds. The optimum parameter selected after careful and precise studies was between 20 – 30 ml \ min to carrieir gas flow rate, while applied temperatures of detector and injection part were 250 Â

 The junction between  polythiophene,  a conducting  polymer formed by  electrochemical polymerization,  and n-type silicon was  studied the temperature and doping dependencies were observed in the junction characteristics. The increase of junction  temperature leads to increase the saturation current, the barrier height, and decrease of the ideality factor for  junction. While the reduction in doping concentration causes a decrease  in the forward current. The results were  explained  according to the conventional  Schottky diode theories. 

   Crade extract of dried fruit piper nigrum was made by useing sexhdet for three hours.The dried material was extracted with 95% ethanol and water as solvent.            A test was made to the extract effect in certain concentration to 32 Gram of negative bacterial isolates , collected from patient admitted to Ibn-AL-balade hospital . Ethanolic extract showed antibacterial activity against bacterial isolates and water extract reveled effectivnes.Such isolates showed highly sensitive to Norfacin and Impinene and less sensitve to Amoxicillin .

     This research was conducted in (Baghdad Teaching hospital) and (Al-Alwiya obstetrics hospital). The Samples were as follows : (150) (Pregnant women) in different times of pregnancy. (25) Married women (non pregnant) . (25) Un married women Capable of pregnancy . The range of their ages was (18-45) years. (10) Samples were taken from pregnant women with no evidence of infection as (Control) for the comparison of number and type of bacteria which exists naturally (in area surrounded external opening of urinary duct) (Urethral meatus) of the infected pregnant women . The result showed that Staphylococcus Saprophyticus is a common Cause in these infections .appearing in (19%) of the studied group, while klebsiella wa

Spectrophotometric  methods  were  developed   for    the determination of rantidine-HCl in pharmaceutical tablets. These methods were based on the reaction of DDQ and p-chloranil with rantidine-HCl, resulting in the formation of an orange-red and purple colored products which are quantified spectrophotometrically at 460 and 540nm in DDQ and p-chloranil, respectively. A graph of absorbance versus concentration show that Beer’s law is obeyed in a concentration ranges of 20-160 and (30-120)g/ml with molar absorptivities of 2.631 x 103 and 1.052 x 103l .mol-1-cm-1 for DDQ and  p-chloranil, respectively. The optimum conditions for  color development  are described and 

 One hundred and fifteen isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from human infected wound and burn. The resistance of this organism for eight commonly used antibiotics was determined by disc diffusion methods.          The minimum inhibitory concentration MIC was determined for each drug by tube dilution method. Results showed significant variations in the MIC values. It was found that two isolates had high resistance for the eight antibiotics used. Effect of ascorbic acid on bacterial growth was studied singly and in combination with antibiotics. Reductions in MIC value were reported for different antibiotics when tested by growth curve method too. 

 The solar radiation plays an important role on the energy balance of the earthatmosphere, which is the main source of energy.  Also the solar radiation is a main factor of all applications which use a solar energy as renewable energy source.  The purpose of this research is to study the monthly average changes for solar radiation for the period from 1985 to 1989 by using satellite Antenna Alignment from (NASA). The result shows that the monthly average radiation changes from one year to another because of the changing of it component of atmosphere, (gases, clouds and Aerosols) and as an enhancement for this conclusion, we compared the results with the monthly average radiation at clear atmosphere where the change was slig

         The optimum balance values for different coefficient of spherical aberration (third and fifth degree also focal shift) were studied, the optical system includes different apertures (circle, ellipse, square and triangle) using point spread function (PSF).       By using (Marechal) method; the minimum value of mean square of variance in wave front was founded, so we can get the maximum of central intensity according to (Strehl) criterion.

For the first time, the life cycle of Neoechinorhynchus iraqensis, a parasite of Liza abu and other freshwater fishes in Iraq and its larval development in the intermediate host, the copepod Cyclops hyalinus was given. Hatching took place in the intestine of the copepod host within 10 minutes of exposure to the infective eggs. Motile acanthor penetrated the wall of the intestine within 2-4 hr. after exposure and was found free in the hemocoel where it metamorphoses through the acanthella stage. Acanthella stage revealed changes in the entoblast where the anterior section gave rise to brain, proboscis and proboscis receptacle. The posterior section differentiation gave rise to the genital system. By  12 days, development in the copep

Electron Transfer reaction rate constants at Semiconductor / Liquid interfaces are calculated dy using the Fermi Golden Rule for Semiconductor. The reorganization energy   eV is computed for Semiconductor / Liquid Interfaces system in two solvents and compared with experimental value. The driving force (free energy) ΔGo(eV) is calculated depending on spectrum Ru(H2L`)2 (NCS)2 . The transfer is treated according with weak coupling (nonadiabatic) for two – state level between the Semiconductor and acceptor molecule state.

Establishing the systemic character of vocabulary, its relationship with other language systems, their interdependence creates the possibility of a comprehensive scientific study and description of the lexical system of each language, as well as contrastive comparative studies of several languages, including their phraseological composition.

It is known that not all words-components of phraseological units are equivalent in their role in the formation of the semantic content of phraseological units. In this regard, it is necessary to introduce the concept of a lexical dominant. To this we include words, which are kind of centers around which the entire semantic complex of phraseological units, the entire set of its words-componen

الإضاءة عنصر هام وفعال في العمارة ، وسبب تفاعل الفرد مع الفراغ والكتلة ، فتصميم الإضاءة هو خليط بين العلم والفن ، فهي عملية تصميمية وإبداعية وفنية لإبراز القيم الجمالية والوظيفية في العمارة .

    ويلعب اللون أثر عنصرياً حاسماً في الهندسة المعمارية الداخلية ، فاختيار الألوان يمكن أن يؤثر بشكل كبير على التصميم العام ، ويعد أحد الأسباب الرئيسية التي تجعل اللون ضرورياً في الهندسة المعمارية هو قدرته

تتناول هذه الدراسة موضوع الفقد كواحدة من أكثر التجارب الإنسانية عمقًا وتأثيرًا، مستعرضةً كيفية استخدام العين البشرية كرمز بصري للتعبير عن مشاعر الحزن ومراحل تقبل الفقد في الفن المعاصر. تسعى الدراسة إلى تقديم فهم أعمق لدور العين البشرية كرمز بصري و كوسيط تشكيلي يظهر الانفعالات العاطفية المختلفة، من خلال الوقوف على بعض الممارسات التشكيلية المعاصرة. تبرز أهمية البحث من خلال الدمج بين الفسيولوجيا والرمزية ا

هدف البحث الحالي إلى التعرف على المفاهيم الجمالية لفن تجهيز الفراغ، لإستحداث صياغات تشكيلية مبتكرة للقطع الخزفية، ولتحقيق ذلك تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي الشبه تجريبي، وتكونت العينة من مجموعة من القطع الخزفية وهي عبارة عن: (كوب خزفي، فازة، طبق، مجموعة من القطرات الخزفية، جرة خزفية) لتحويلها من قطع خزفية نفعية إلى أعمال جمالية، واتضح من نتائج البحث أن المفاهيم الجمالية لفن التجهيز في الفراغ أثرت التفكير البصر

Objective: Determination the effectiveness of educational program on female students’ practices toward premenstrual.

Methodology: A quasi-experimental design study was conducted involving (140) student purposely in four secondary schools at Al-sadder city (70) student for study group and (70) for control group. The prevalence of PMS selected through American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) (2015) criteria to select PMS students before program. The education program were set in four steps, the first step (pre-test) is to assess the practices, before the implementation of the program, the second step is implementing the program, following two steps post-test  I and II betwe