Academic chemical laboratories (ACL) are considered public places  the employees come in contact with a variety of pollutants. The aim of the current study was to detect heavy metals levels in the indoor air of ACL in two universities in Baghdad city and assess their levels in the academic employees’ scalp hair as biomarkers. Air samples inside ACL were collected to detect Fe, Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu. Scalp hair samples were collected from 40 adult chemical laboratory employees aged 30-60 years, who worked 5 days/week for 6 hours a day. Personal information relating to employees such as age, duration of exposure, smoking habit and sex, was collected as a questionnaire. The results of this study concluded that academic laboratory employees w

Let M be a semiprime 2-torsion free inverse semiring, and let α be an endomorphism of M. Under some conditions, we prove a Jordan α-centralizer of M is a α-centralizer of M, also we prove  if R: M→ M be an additive mapping such that R(r³) + α(r)R(r)α(r)' = 0 holds for all r ∈ M, where R is a centralizer, and α is a surjective endomorphism of M.

 Klebsiella pneumoniae has become one of the most common etiologic agents in the context of recurrent UTI. Capsule is the earliest recognized factor determining bacterial pathogenicity. This study aimed to test the effects of staphyloxanthin, meropenem and a combination of them on capsule genes of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Eighty-eight gram negative bacterial isolates were collected from 150 urine specimens between September and November of 2022.after cultivation on MacConkey agar medium. Oxidase (negative) and catalase (positive) tests were performed. In addition, all isolates were found to be non-motile when their motility was further examined. The results presented that 77 (51.3%) could ferment lactose (lactose ferment

Breast cancer (BC) is a diverse disease with heterogeneous subgroups in pathophysiology and behavior. Recent advances in biomarker-based therapy may help improve treatment options for BC. Thus, this study aimed to assess the role of interleukin (IL)-31 and IL-33 as biomarkers associated with BC risk. Serum concentrations of IL-31 and IL-33 were quantified in women with BC (n = 77), women with benign breast lesion (BBL; n = 51), and healthy women (n = 75), using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Compared with BBL or healthy women, IL-33 concentrations were significantly greater in BC patients and were associated with a 1.33-fold increased risk of disease and had excellent prognostic value in BC (area under the curve = 0.89). In addi

The study targets to assess the potential of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) in detecting ground distortion caused by earthquakes. The inSAR technique integrates Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and interferometry to reveal the slightest changes on the earth's surface through a specified period, impregnable to climate or time of day. The research analyses some scholarly articles to demonstrate the interest of InSAR in examining earthquakes and their outcome. These articles demonstrate the practical application of InSAR in enhancing fault slip analysis, ground deformation assessment, and early post-seismic changes in earthquakes. InSAR is beneficial with measurements from other tools, such as GPS and time series analysis, b

This study focuses on the automatic detection of human actions in video streams. The requirement to detect what human activities happen in videos is recognition of human action due to significant differences in people's visual and motion appearance and actions, camera perspective shifts, moving background, occlusions, noise, and a massive amount of video data. The human activity recognition challenge involves identifying physical activities carried out by individuals or groups based on traces of movements, including gestures, actions, interactions, and group activities. The detection of concepts usually requires additional annotations for the training dataset.  In this paper, useful methods for categorizing human action recognition are

For intelligent systems, argumentation is a very important factor to point out in Artificial Intelligence (AI) as it represents an essential component. It is one of the critical approaches to making a decision, whereas Dung introduces a mathematical model that classifies attacks among arguments based on ordered pairs. Furthermore, weights’ addition to the arguments is one of the most important developments. It is done by several methods of weight calculation; hence, the Fuzzy weights method is a suitable method when working with game theory (GT). To this end, this paper introduced the GT in a Nash equilibrium method to redraw the acceptable arguments. It depends on the fuzzy weight for reducing the acceptable arguments and acceptable a

The applications of herbal medicine have recently acquired growing interest in range of the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases. Olibanum has been used since ancient eras and several reports studied the pharmacological characteristics of boswellic acid, particularly their effect on the inflammatory response, analgesic properties, and anti-arthritic activity mostly in cell lines, but new approaches include animal models to assess these natural derivatives effects taking into consideration of being safer than synthetic preparations.  The impact of olibanum oil on several parameters was studied in rats during this study. These included white blood cell (WBC) count, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and C reactive protein (CRP), as well as oth

It is thought that the monoamine oxidase-A (MAOA) enzyme, which catalyzes key brain signaling chemicals like serotonin, noradrenaline, and dopamine, indirectly influences antisocial behavior by disrupting the neurotransmitter balance in brain regions and neural networks. This study aims to assess the MAOA enzyme level in serum and serotonin linked to antisocial behavior in cases in the prison of Baghdad City, Iraq. Blood samples were collected from (63) prisoners and (27) control groups, ages 18 years to 65 years, with a mean ± SD of 37.8 ± 8.8, all males, with different prison terms and different crimes for prisoners in the prison at Baghdad City, Iraq. MAOA and serotonin levels were measured in serum in prisoners and healthy men, and

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infectious disorders worldwide. The most frequent cause of UTIs is uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). The current study is designed to assess the resistance of antibiotics, the formation of biofilm, and the detection of adhesion genes in E. coli isolated from patients with UTIs. A hundred and fifty samples were collected from patients with confirmed UTIs in Baghdad province during the period of October 2022 to February 2023. Isolation and identification of E. coli were performed using cultural characteristics, gram staining, and biochemical examination, and the results indicated that 52 (35%) isolates were identified as E. coli. Eleven anti

Thyroid dysfunction (TD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are two of the most frequent chronic endocrine disorders. This study included 60 women with thyroid disorders: 30 with hypothyroidism and 30 with hyperthyroidism, aged between 20 and 40 years. This study used 30 healthy women aged 20-40 years as a control group. Anthropometric measurements of Body Mass Index (BMI), hematological analysis of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), biochemical parameters (Thyroid-stimulating hormone TSH, Free triiodothyronine FT3, Free thyroxine FT4, Fasting Blood Sugar FBS), and adipokine concentrations zinc-α2-glycoprotein (AZGP-1) and retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4) were performed for all participants. The results revealed that the serum levels of zinc-α2-gly

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) creates detailed images by combining a powerful magnetic field with high-frequency radio waves. MRI images need to increase brightness and contrast to facilitate distinguishing diseases. This study aims to improve the MRI images depending on the suggested algorithm, including three main stages. The first is to divide the image into three main areas using Multilevel image thresholds and then improve using CLAHE for each area separately. Finally, these images combine to form one image and improve it again. By analyzing the results and calculating non-referenced quality measures, the proposed method obtained the best quality results compared to the rest of the methods with quality rates of EN(6.14), AG(6.79)

The microwave (MW) method was used to create a series of new thiazolidin-4-one derivatives containing benzothiazole and azo groups. Azoaldehyde derivative A was synthesized via the coupling reaction of 2-aminobenzothiazole diazonium ions and 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The resultant azoaldehyde A was then subjected to condensation reactions with the primary aromatic amines using the MW method to give azoimines derivatives S1-S5. Finally, compounds S1-S5 were reacted with α-mercaptoacetic acid by the MW method to generate the thiazolidin-4-one derivatives T1-T5. The novel-produced compounds T1-T5 were identified by FT-IR, ¹

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that has a genetic predisposition and a complex pathogenesis in which the involvement of various cytokines has been shown. In the current study, serum interleukin-39 (IL-39) levels from 99 patients with SLE and 33 healthy control subjects who attended the Baghdad Teaching Hospital Rheumatology Unit were examined. Patients were divided into 3 subgroups according to disease status: inactive (n = 33), active moderate (n = 33), and active severe (n = 33). This topic has not yet been explored, so the significance of IL-39 as a biomarker for SLE was evaluated. Cytokine levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Full medical histories, body mass index, ge

The study was carried out to see whether it would be possible to use remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) to create a morphometric geodatabase for the largest valley basin in the western Plateau (Houran Valley), Iraq. ArcGIS V.10.8 measured morphological or hydrological features using a digital elevation model (DEM). These properties are considered a crucial database for planning for dry or wet river basins and valleys, saving time, money, and resources compared to extensive regional research. A quantitative investigation of the morphological characteristics determined that the longitudinal drain density was 0.1698 km/Km², indicative of both high soil permeability and an arid to semi-arid desert environment.

The upward continuation technique was applied to the gravity and magnetic data to obtain the residual anomalies maps in eastern Iraq. A new processing method is introduced to calculate the crustal layers depending on the relation between the total range of the residual anomalies of gravity, magnetic data and the upward continuation, with multi-elevations. The significant relationship shows slope variations, which may reflect the maximum contrast in the physical properties (density and/or susceptibility) and the intersection point representing the depth of layer contacts. This method was applied to the eastern central part of Iraq, adjacent to the Iranian borders. It is found that the average depth range to the Jurassic formations, top ba

Hyaluronidase is an enzyme that breaks down primarily hyaluronic acid, thereby disrupting the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix (ECM) found in connective tissues, which is considered a virulence factor. The aim of this research was to study the effect of a plant-active compound (vasicine) that was separated from a plant sample as an inhibitor agent for the hyaluronidase enzyme that was isolated from Staphylococcus aureus, which is considered a virulence factor. 120 samples were randomly isolated from infected burns. The isolates showing highly hydrolyzed zones were identified. Cell growth as well as hyaluronidase activity are measured spectrophotometrically by the turbidity reduction assay. The results showed tha

Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been found to be highly effective as electrolytes in TiO₂ NTAs-graphite cells when combined with additives that enhance conductivity by reducing the viscosity of these liquids. The presence of CaCl₂.6H₂O: Acetamide DES with DI water as an additive resulted in a cell voltage of 1.31V and an internal resistance of 19 ohm. This can be attributed to the concentration and quality of the ionic species. The cells exhibited an interesting response to the AlCl₃-chloroacetamide IL with dichloromethane DCM as an additive, with a cell voltage of 1.81V and an internal resistance of 5.0 ohm. Once again, this is influenced by the quality and concentra

Security plays a vital role in various domains, including blockchain technology. The Blockchain serves as a secure data structure for storing transactional records. Hash functions are employed in cryptography to ensure integrity and authentication within the blockchain. The widely used SHA256 algorithm has faced recent attacks, prompting the development of stronger hash functions. This paper presents a novel modification approach to enhance the performance of SHA256 by introducing an extended mechanism for generating a 288-bit message digest and reducing the number of rounds to 44 instead of 64 while preserving the diffusion of data through its complex iterative process, which involves multiple rounds of bitwise and logical operations. T

A series of novel pyrazoline derivatives 5-13 were synthesized in three steps from isatin, with yields ranging from 40 to 72% over the multistep procedure. The first step included the condensation of isatin with p-aminoacetophenone to afford the corresponding Schiff base 1 in a 75% yield. In the second step, the enolate form of Schiff base 1 was reacted with different aromatic aldehydes (benzaldehyde, p-nitrobenzaldehyde, and p-chlorobenzaldehyde) to give the title chalcone derivatives 2-4 in 60-72 yields. In the third step, pyrazoline derivatives 5-13<

High antibiotic resistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa could be viewed as the primary cause of nosocomial infections. In this study, 60 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from urine, sputum, burn, ear and wounds swab. The major goal was to determine the relationship between MexX and MexY and the resistance of MDR P. aeruginosa to many drugs. Prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 22 isolates (36.66%) and 38 isolates (63.34%) were found to be non-MDR isolates. Moreover, molecular detection of MexX and MexY genes was done for MDR isolates.MexY gene was found in all MDR isolates and MexX gene was detected in 2

Results of the current study demonstratedthat out of eighty-three isolatesof Pseudomonas aeruginosa,only twenty-five isolateswere resistant to five different antibiotics (of different classes) that were consequentlyconsideredmultidrug resistant isolates.These isolates developed variable susceptibility toward Eucalyptuscamaldulensisleavesoil (ECO). GC-MS analysis of ECOrevealed that the aromatic oil eugenol is the major constituent.However, the most frequent MIC was 0.39 µg/ml, while the lowest frequent MIC was 3.125 µg/ml.Moreover, this oil at ½ MIC (0.195µg/ml) increased the gene expression of exoU. Itis concluded from the outcomes of the studythat ECOmay cause severe damagewhen used to treat infections ca

The lightweight block cipher is an encryption technique with negligible computational overhead. Despite its advantages, it faces a substantial challenge. Correct handwriting of the script code for the cipher scheme is a challenge for programmers. In this research, we suggest a new graphical domain-specific modeling language to make it easier for both non-technical users and domain specialists to implement lightweight block cipher schemes. The proposed language, called LWBCLang, is a modular and extensible language that offers graphical components for constructing three essential types of inner block cipher structures. Seven different methods of keystream generation and all the tests of the NIST suite with performance analysis are provide

In this article, two-dimensional unsteady incompressible viscous nanofluids magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) flow among two parallel plates extended infinitely is investigated. The equations that results from the use of similarity transformations for non-linear partial differential system are solved by the new algorithm. The important key to this construct is the derivatives that appear as coefficients in the power series. The effects of apparent physical parameters on velocity concentration and temperature distributions are described using a schematic diagram and interpreted physically. The effects of apparent physical parameters on concentration, temperature, and velocity distributions are described by graphs. For the flow of nanofluids, the

This article introduces the concept of strongly-WH module which is a proper generalized of Hopfian modules.  A module  is called strongly-WH, briefly -WH if, any -small surjective -endomorphism of  is an automorphism. We specify and provide some properties of this concept. Furthermore, we have established connections between strongly-WH modules and various other concepts. We demonstrate that every strongly-WH module is -weakly Hopfian. As well as, we provide cases in which the concepts of WH, -weakly Hopfian, and strongly-WH modules are equivalent.  

Postmenopausal women with hypertension may be linked with cardiovascular risk factors like visceral obesity. Changes in antioxidant levels  and lipid profile are considered risk factors concerning heart disease that arises during postmenopausal. Ninety Iraqi women aged between 53-70 years, sixty women with postmenopausal hypertension, and thirty healthy postmenopausal women were selected  as control for this study. Blood samples were taken to measure some antioxidants through enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) and lipid profile by enzymatic technique. Results  showed that the mean of catalase levels was significantly lower in patients (257.62±6.99) compared towith the control group (499.30±13.08). Glutathione results were si

In response to the growing interest in green chemistry and the adoption of environmentally friendly and cost-effective compounds in industrial and agricultural applications, this study focuses on exploring the potential of natural compounds. Specifically, the research investigates the corrosion inhibitory properties of Iraqi plum tree gum. The natural gum is characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to identify its functional groups and atomic force microscopy (AFM) for further analysis. The electrochemical polarization technique was used to study corrosion measurements for carbon steel (C.S) in saline solution and in the presence of the inhibitor (Plum Tree Gum) in different concentration solutions. The findings reveal

Making use of the geomagnetic field and the electron density data from the ionosphere observed by the three Swarm satellites that were recorded through 2020, 303 days before and 62 days after the Samos earthquake were investigated, which occurred at 11:51 UTC on Oct 30, 2020, happened in an offshore location around 60 km southwest of Izmir, western Turkey, and 16 km north of Samos Island, Greece 37.897°N 26.784°E. Magnetic and electron density data abnormalities were examined using the Analysis of Magnetic Swarm (AMSW) and the Analysis of Electron Density Swarm (AEDSW) algorithms. The quiet time abnormalities during nighttime within the Dobrovisky region showed exciting results. It showed an enhancement in the cumulative number of trac

Although deep learning-based object detection has produced excellent performance, there are still many issues with images from real-world capture, including rotating jitter, blurring, and noise deletion. The impact of these issues on object detection is significant. The main goal of this paper is to develop a real-time “You Only Look Once” (YOLOv3) algorithm to detect traffic signs. Compared to all other object detection algorithms, the YOLO method has a number of benefits. In contrast to different algorithms, YOLO looks at the image entirely by making predictions of the bounding boxes utilizing a convolutional neural network (CNN), determining the probability of each class for these boxes, and detecting the image more quickly. The p

This article presents the theoretical analysis of the nonlinear behavior of the blood flow through an angled arterial segment with overlapping stenosis. A mathematically created time-variant stenosis emerges from the formation of arterial narrowing brought on by atheroma. An elastic cylindrical tube with a moving wall is used to represent the artery, and the Casson liquid is used to simulate blood that flows through it. The nonlinear elements that arise in the equations, govern blood flow are taken  into account.  The impact of the pulsatile pressure gradient that caused by the regular heartbeat on the flow process in the stenosed artery is demonstrated  mathematically. By employing the boundary conditions, the present analytical tech