Let G be a finite group, the result is the involution graph of G, which is an undirected simple graph denoted by the group G as the vertex set and x, y ∈ G adjacent if xy and (xy)2 = 1. In this article, we investigate certain properties of G, the Leech lattice groups HS and McL. The study involves calculating the diameter, the radius, and the girth of ΓGRI.
The need for information web-searching is needed by many users nowadays. They use the search engines to input their query or question and wait for the answer or best search results. As results to user query the search engines many times may be return irrelevant pages or not related to information need. This paper presents a proposed model to provide the user with efficient and effective result through search engine, based on modified chicken swarm algorithm and cosine similarity to eliminate and delete irrelevant pages(outliers) from the ranked list results, and to improve the results of the user's query . The proposed model is applied to Arabic dataset and use the ZAD corpus dataset for 27
... Show MoreWith simple and undirected connected graph Φ, the Schultz and modified Schultz polynomials are defined as and , respectively, where the summation is taken over all unordered pairs of distinct vertices in V(Φ), where V(Φ) is the vertex set of Φ, degu is the degree of vertex u and d(v,u) is the ordinary distance between v and u, u≠v. In this study, the Shultz distance, modified Schultz distance, the polynomial, index, and average for both have been generalized, and this generalization has been applied to some special graphs.
The topological indices are functions on the graph that do not depend on the labeling of their vertices. They are used by chemists for studying the properties of chemical compounds. Let be a simple connected graph. The Hyper-Zagreb index of the graph , is defined as ,where and are the degrees of vertex and , respectively. In this paper, we study the Hyper-Zagreb index and give upper and lower bounds for .
In a connected graph , the distance function between each pair of two vertices from a set vertex is the shortest distance between them and the vertex degree denoted by is the number of edges which are incident to the vertex The Schultz and modified Schultz polynomials of are have defined as:
respectively, where the summations are taken over all unordered pairs of distinct vertices in and is the distance between and in The general forms of Schultz and modified Schultz polynomials shall be found and indices of the edge – identification chain and ring – square graphs in the present work.
Antimagic labeling of a graph with vertices and edges is assigned the labels for its edges by some integers from the set , such that no two edges received the same label, and the weights of vertices of a graph are pairwise distinct. Where the vertex-weights of a vertex under this labeling is the sum of labels of all edges incident to this vertex, in this paper, we deal with the problem of finding vertex antimagic edge labeling for some special families of graphs called strong face graphs. We prove that vertex antimagic, edge labeling for strong face ladder graph , strong face wheel graph , strong face fan graph , strong face prism graph and finally strong face friendship graph .
This paper proves the existence of face antimagic labeling for double duplication of barycentric subdivision of cycle and some other graphs
The accuracy of the Moment Method for imposing no-slip boundary conditions in the lattice Boltzmann algorithm is investigated numerically using lid-driven cavity flow. Boundary conditions are imposed directly upon the hydrodynamic moments of the lattice Boltzmann equations, rather than the distribution functions, to ensure the constraints are satisfied precisely at grid points. Both single and multiple relaxation time models are applied. The results are in excellent agreement with data obtained from state-of-the-art numerical methods and are shown to converge with second order accuracy in grid spacing.
Let/. It :0 ---0 G be any two self maps of a compact connected oriented Lie group G. In this paper, for each positive integer k , we associate an integer with fk,hi . We relate this number with Lefschetz coincidence number. We deduce that for any two differentiable maps f, there exists a positive integer k such that k 5.2+1 , and there is a point x C G such that ft (x) = (x) , where A is the rank of G . Introduction Let G be an n-dimensional com -pact connected Lie group with multip-lication p ( .e 44:0 xG--+G such that p ( x , y) = x.y ) and unit e . Let [G, G] be the set of homotopy classes of maps G G . Given two maps f , f G ---• Jollowing [3], we write f. f 'to denote the map G-.Gdefined by 01.11® =A/WO= fiat® ,sea Given a point g
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