By producing reactive oxygen species, primarily reactive hydroxyl radicals, iron overload may contribute to cellular damage and change the integrity of essential organelles. Echinacea Purpura; a medical plant with a root liquid extract contains various biologically active phytochemical compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Echinacea Purpura on bone marrow suppression with liver and spleen cells apoptosis induced by iron overload. Fifty albino rats were divided into five groups: Group (I) [negative control] intraperitoneally injection with (0.2 ml) normal saline solution every 3 days; with daily oral gavage of (1 ml) normal saline for 4 weeks. Group (

The unique opportunity lies in targeting tumor cells through glycolysis, a pathway that compensates for decreased ATP production by increasing sugar consumption. This strategy allows for the development of a novel therapeutic approach, targeting malignant cells with selective pharmacological inhibitors of glycolysis without harming normal cells. In this study, hexokinase, glycolytic enzyme, was targeting to selectively inhibit energy production pathways in cancer cells without harming normal cells. The anticancer mechanisms of 2 Deoxy-D-Glucose (2DG) and Mannoheptulose (MH) in esophagus adenocarcinoma (SK-GT-4) and HBL-100 normal cell lines were investigated using MTT and wound healing assays to assess their cytotoxic effects and cellula

Doxorubicin is a potent anthracycline antibiotic used to treat many types of human neoplasms. The long-term adverse effect is cardiomyopathy, which is primarily caused by the extensive production of reactive oxygen species, which relates to several events related to nucleic acid metabolism and the activation of the immune system. Chromium is a trace element mostly utilized to regulate glucose levels and enhance the body's response to insulin, particularly in people with diabetes. Chromium picolinate often contains Chromium in its trivalent state, coupled with picolinic acid. The current study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of chromium picolinate in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity of rats. Twenty eight Wister male rats w

             One of the most potent and effective drugs in the field of chemotherapy is doxorubicin. It has shown remarkable efficacy against multiple cancer targets. Despite the effectiveness of this treatment, an important drawback is the cardiotoxicity caused by doxorubicin. This limitation has led oncologists to explore potential ways to prevent or reduce this toxic side effect. We will investigate in this study whether saxagliptin and telmisartan have any protective effects on heart tissue. We will study their effects on oxidative stress and apoptotic indicators in particular. There were a total of 28 rats, with 7 animals in each of the four groups: First group(control group): seven rats in good health were given distill

A novel glycine-based sulfonamide derivates were synthesized. This study presents the newly synthesized compounds (G1-G6) that exhibit promising DHPS inhibition activities, designed through a molecular docking analysis targeting the Yersinia pestis DHPS protein (PDB ID: 5JQ9). The docked compounds were subsequently subjected to ADME study to evaluate their pharmacokinetic properties. This work started with the synthesis of the glycine methyl ester HCL salt by esterification of the carbonyl group of the carboxylic acid functionality of glycine with thionyl chloride and methanol and the synthesis of 4-acetamidobenzene sulfonyl chloride from acetanilide, the reaction of the latter two intermediates using the TEA as base and neutralizing age

Background: Paracetamol poisoning is a global issue that results in severe liver failure and permanent liver damage, necessitating the need for liver transplantation. The objective of our study was to assess and compare the preventive effects of Apigenin and vitexin against paracetamol-induced liver damage in rats.

Methods: Rats were divided into four groups and treated for seven consecutive days. Group I received 0.5% DMSO, Group II received a single paracetamol dose, and Groups III-IV received 10 mg/kg Apigenin or 40 mg/kg vitexin i.p for 7 days. On the seventh day, all groups except the Group I received a single oral dosage of 3000 mg/kg paracetamol three hours after their final Apigenin or vitexin dose. After 24 hours of parac

الأهداف: يهدف البحث إلى الكشف عن دور صورة إيران في المواقع الإلكترونية للقنوات الفضائية العربية في تشكيل وتعزيز اتجاهات الإعلاميين العراقيين تجاه الصراع في الشرق الأوسط، وانطلقت المشكلة البحثية من التساؤل الرئيس الآتي: ما دور صورة إيران في مواقع القنوات الفضائية العربية في تعزيز اتجاهات الإعلاميين العراقيين إزاء الصراع في الشرق الأوسط؟
المنهجية: اعتمد البحث على المنهج الوصفي بأسلوب

الأهداف: يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على طبيعة المعالجة الصحفية لموضوعات الرياضة النسوية في المواقع الإلكترونية العراقية، مع إبراز الأساليب والفنون الصحفية المستخدمة، وفهم اتجاهات هذه المعالجة، كما يسعى البحث إلى تسليط الضوء على أهمية الإعلام الرقمي في نقل ومناقشة الموضوعات الرياضية النسوية، وتقييم مستوى الاهتمام بها من قبل المواقع الإلكترونية.
المنهجية: اعتمد الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحل

الأهداف: يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على الصورة الذهنية التي يحملها جمهور العملاء وأصحاب المصلحة عن الجهاز المركزي للتقييس والسيطرة النوعية، عن طريق تقييم مستوى أداء الجهاز، ودرجة مصداقيته وشفافيته في التعامل، ومدى كفاءته في الفحص والرقابة، فضلاً عن تحديد أبرز مصادر تشكيل الصورة الذهنية لدى جمهوره.
المنهجية: ينتمي البحث إلى البحوث الوصفية، واعتمد المنهج المسحي لملاءمته لطبيعة الدراسة. واس

An intranasal drug delivery system offers a non-invasive, effective, reliable, direct, and alternative route to the CNS via the neural connections between the nasal mucosa and the brain. Paliperidone (PAL) is mainly used to treat schizophrenia and disorder. It’s practically insoluble in water class II with low bioavailability 28%. Therefore the aim of preparation of nano nasal suspension gel is in order to target PAL to brain via neural connections of nasal mucosa and the brain, and then enhance the uptake and bioavailability of the drug near and at the site of action. Different variables were investigated in this study, in order to recognize the best formula that aims the drug

Nimodipine (NID) is used for the prevention of ruptured intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). The objective of study using the benefits of a combined approach of polymeric nanoparticles and microneedles to fabricate NID as polymeric nanoparticles (NID-NPs) loaded in a bilayer dissolving microneedle (bDMNs) patch to enhance the delivery of drugs through skin layers as a promising noninvasive and painless delivery system, improving poor solubility and lower oral bioavailability (5–10%) owing to first-pass metabolism, which leads to frequent dosing, inconsistent clinical responses, and poor patient compliance. The NID-NPs formula was fabricated with a (1:8) drug to polymer, Soluplus®, w/w ratio and 0.25% polyvinylpyr

Nimodipine is a vasodilator medicinal agent approved for the prevention of cerebral vasospasm, a major risk factor that causes deaths in patients diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The current marketed products of this drug are associated with challenges such as frequent dosing orally, or continuous infusion through central vein. Therefore, transdermal delivery of nimodipine via transferosomes can overcome these difficulties. Solvent evaporation-hydration method followed by sonication was applied for the preparation of transferosomes. The aim of present study is to investigate and optimize the processing parameters of this method through the utilization of Design-Expert software. Box-Behnken statistical design was selected for this

     The present work aims to formulate carvedilol as nanomicelle and study variables effect on the particle size of nanomicelle, and on the entrapment efficiency (EE%). The formulations were performed by two methods; thin film hydration method and direct dissolution method using soluplus® and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K-25) as polymers. The results revealed that formulations prepared by direct dissolution method exhibits lower size and higher EE% as compared with thin film hydration method, it was found that soluplus® produces larger size of nanomicelle and lower EE% as compared with PVP K-25, it was found that as the amount of polymer raised, the size of nanomicelle increased in both polymers, the effect of solvent indicates that

الأهداف: يهدف البحث إلى دراسة دور العلاقات العامة الحكومية في إدارة قضايا الذكاء الاصطناعي، مع التركيز على كيفية توجيه الرأي العام العالمي في إطار خطة العمل الأمريكية للذكاء الاصطناعي، وتحليل قدرتها على تحقيق التوازن بين الأبعاد التقنية والاقتصادية والأمنية لهذه التكنولوجيا الحديثة.
المنهجية: اعتمد البحث منهج دراسة الحالة، مستفيدًا من أداة تحليل المحتوى بشكل كمي ونوعي، وقد جرى تحلي

Among the many NSAIDs generated from phenyl acetic acid is Aceclofenac, or ACE. Its antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects are noteworthy. However, the substance's delayed dissolution, limit permeability, and inadequate bioavailability are caused by its low solubility in water, which hinders its usefulness. Nanosponges (NS) are tiny particles with nanoscale holes and a distinctive three-dimensional nanostructure. The incorporation of both water-soluble and fat-soluble molecules into these hollow spaces enhances the efficacy and safety of medication delivery. This study aims to improve and advance the formulation of ACE-containing nanosponges. The emulsion solvent diffusion procedure is used to prepare the nanosponges that

الأهداف: يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على استراتيجيات الترويج الإلكتروني التي يعتمدها المروجون العراقيون عبر شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي، وتحليل أبرز التحديات والفرص المرتبطة بهذه الممارسات، فضلًا عن تقييم مدى فاعلية هذه الاستراتيجيات في تحقيق أهداف الحملات الترويجية، مثل جذب الانتباه، وزيادة المبيعات، وبناء العلامة التجارية.
المنهجية: اعتمد الباحث المنهج المسحي في جمع البيانات، باستخدام اس

الأهداف: يهدف البحث إلى رصد الدور الإعلامي لجهاز الأمن الوطني في العراق من خلال المحتوى الأمني الرقمي، ولا سيما مقاطع الفيديو المنشورة عبر منصات التواصل الاجتماعي، في الحد من ترويج المخدرات، كما يسعى إلى الكشف عن معرفة مدى فاعلية هذا المحتوى بوصفه أداة تأثير في الجمهور، ورصد أنماط تفاعلهم معه، فضلًا عن تقييم نظرتهم تجاهه في إطار نظرية المسؤولية الاجتماعية.
المنهجية: اعتمد الباحث المنه

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Pentagram strategy as a contemporary approach in teaching chest pass and layup skills of basketball among under 14 years junior students. The researcher employed experimental method with equivalent groups (experimental and control) with pre-test and post-test. The sample of the study was composed of 16 players from the specialized school of Youth and Sports Ministry that was divided into two groups. The experimental group received a program of 24 instruction units, three per week, using the Pentagram strategy where the skills are divided into five dimensions and developed progressively. The findings indicated that significant differences at chest pass and layup skills wer

The volleyball spike has been widely recognized as one of the fundamental skills that influence match outcomes. The performance of this skill is largely a function of the orchestration of several biomechanical factors including: angular and linear velocity of the power-arm, launch angle, ball height to the point that it is struck and step stop technique. The purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of these variables in accuracy of spike related to volleyball players in the age group 14-16. The study was descriptive in nature, involving a sample of 7 players from the National Talent Development Centre. Spike accuracy was assessed with the modified high spike test, which evaluates the speed as well as the accura

The study aimed to identify the effect of combined (physical - skill) exercises using a designed device on developing certain shooting skills for basketball players under 18 years old. The researchers used the experimental approach on a sample of 14 players, divided into an experimental group and a control group.To achieve the study's objectives, the researchers designed a basketball shooting development device, which consists of a rotating base, poles, and a main body, in addition to an electronic system that rotates the device towards the player approaching the proximity sensors.The researchers also prepared a set of physical and skill exercises using the designed device. These exercises were applied to the experimental sample for eigh

The importance of this research lies in highlighting one of the modern training methods that may contribute to improving the athletic performance of handball players, whether on the physical or tactical level. From the perspective of physiological variables, repeated-sprint training at maximal and sub-maximal intensities is employed to enhance anaerobic capacity and increase the efficiency of the nervous system. The research problem emerged from the observation that many coaches focus heavily on offensive skills, neglecting the fact that an offensive mistake results in losing the ball, whereas a defensive error grants the opponent a scoring opportunity. Additionally, poor performance results may be attributed to the inability of the body

The research aims to identify the administrative transparency of school principals from the perspective of physical education teachers in Karbala Governorate. The experiment was conducted to apply the scale to a sample of (408) physical education teachers in middle, preparatory, and secondary schools for boys. The researchers used the descriptive approach with a survey method to suit the nature of the problem to be solved. The statistical package (SPSS) was used to extract the results of the arithmetic mean (Mean), standard deviation (Std-Deviation), and the statistical (t) test for two independent samples. The Spearman-Brown equation and the simple correlation coefficient (Pearson) were used. The result was the construction of a scale o

The research aims to prepare preventive exercises using different weights to improve some health fitness variables to reduce injury among female students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls, first stage. The researcher used the experimental method because it is suitable for the nature of the research. The researcher used the experimental design with pre- and post-measures for two groups, one experimental and the other control. The research was conducted on a sample of (65) female students of the first stage of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls, Section (A), Section (B), and Section (C). One of the most important results was that the experimental group outperformed the control g

       Advanced nations put a lot of effort into implementing different models, ideas, and instructional practices that help athletes reach greater heights in their chosen sports. They use contemporary methods to improve their physical and motor capacities, which helps them acquire skills for a variety of situations. The importance of research resides in testing and applying the strategies of the Schmach educational model as a legitimate scientific undertaking. The primary focus of the research is the uneven acquisition of fundamental football abilities among first-year students at Wasit University's College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. The goal of the project is to create an educational program based on the Schmach m

The study aimed to develop a measure of competitive excellence for sports clubs affiliated with the Iraqi Ministry of Interior from the perspective of employees and to identify the level of competitive excellence of these clubs from the perspective of employees. The researcher used a descriptive approach with a survey method and correlational studies. The researcher constructed a measure of competitive excellence for sports clubs from the perspective of employees, and the results were processed using SPSS statistical software. The results were presented in tables and points and discussed. The study concluded that the sports clubs of the Iraqi Ministry of Interior have a good level of competitive excellence from the perspective of employe

This study concentrates on the analysis of 2D seismic reflection surveying data obtained from a seismic line characterized by a considerable amount of noise and reverberations. The goal is to enhance data quality by employing the surface-consistent deconvolution technique, which encompasses two variations; gapped and spike deconvolution. The unique applications offered by utilizing the Global Claritas software to achieve optimal outcomes, which assist in the quality of seismic data analysis and interpretation. Several tests were carried out on the seismic data, revealing that the application of Spike deconvolution with an operator length of 220 milliseconds and a prediction lag of 2 milliseconds led to enhancements in the data. This proc

This research aims to determine the extent of change in the vegetation cover of the Al-Suwaira region in the period 2017-2023, as this region faces many problems, the most important of which are urban expansion at the expense of agricultural land, soil erosion, climate change, pollution. The region is located in southern Iraq, where water resources are scarce compared to the northern and central parts. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier was applied to the seven scenes adopted in this work from Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 satellite data, and the area and percentage of each land cover category in the study area were calculated. The results indicated that the percentage of vegetation cover during 2017-2023 decreased by 1% annually usin

The spectral remote sensor technology was used to study the Kurdistan region of Iraq to determine the characteristics of surface minerals and by analyzing satellite images across multiple spectral ranges, distinctive spectral signatures were specified for several metals such as zinc (ZN), Lead (PB), and Parium (BA), as well as the use of thermal infrared to detect free abnormalities and the results were verified through field measurements and admonitory, where the selection accuracy was 85% according to the absolute error (MAPE) and 0.045 for RMSé and the results showed that spectral signatures for metals were distributed in nearby and remote IR ranges, helping to determine mineral sediments such as zinc and lead in carbonate rocks and