The study involved 120 women, who were distributed into two groups of breast tumor patients (30 malignant and 30 benign) and a group of controls (60 women). The patients were referred to the Center for Early Detection of Breast Tumor at Al-Alwayia Hospital for Gynecology and Obstetrics (Baghdad) during the period June-December 2011. They were investigated for the frequency of ABO blood group phenotypes, menopausal status, oral contraceptive use, body mass index and family history of breast cancer or other cancers. The results demonstrated that 60.0% of malignant cases clustered after the age 50 years, while it was 20.0% in benign cases. Fifty percent of malignant breast tumor patients reached menopause, while in benign cases, the corresp

Some metal complexes of Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) of the formula [M(PVA-oxi)2 (NO3)2] [M= Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II) and Ni(II)] and vanadyl complex with formula [VO(PVA-oxi)2SO4] were prepared and characterized by atomic absorption, IR, UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility as well as the rel
It was found that the prepared complexes were formed only with partially oxidized PVA, which has carbonyl and hydroxylic groups through PVA chains and then react with metal ion in N,N-dimethylformamide as a solvent in (1:2) molar ratio (metal : Ligand) in neutral or slightly basic solution.
The results showed that the ligand (PVA-oxi) was bidentate ligand coordinated with metal ion through the oxygen ato

Recently, in the last years, the world interested with Ecosystem is increased, and
that is interrelation with global atmospherically, by the existence followed
continuous animate variables, that is immediately influence at ecosystem nature by
inspection systems process such as satellite imagery or aerial photographs, that can
determination the wetland regions which aid fulfillment balance globe ecosystem. In
this study a determination of wetland regions in IRAQ, was done for Anbar
province, because many of regions Saturated with water or sponge and aquatic of
plant, additionally, existence metrology factors that significant role were depended
to be as important factor to define the wetland regions as temperatures,

Mango fruit is one of the most nutritionally rich fruits with unique flavor, this fruit belonged to family of Anacardiaceae and it is an excellent source of vitamins specially vitamin A, carotene pigments and potassium. In this study the antimicrobial activity of mango seeds extract has been investigated against gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus spp.) and gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli) and yeast Candida albicans by well diffusion method in nutrient agar and the results were expressed as the diameter of bacterial inhibition zones surrounding the wells, and the antibiofilm of its extracts was observed against Staphylococcus aureus. The seeds extractions prepared by two solvents: 85% eth

Direct FIA methods for estimation of Naringenin (NG) in different samples were proposed. These methods are based on diazotization coupling reactions of two reagents: method (A) p-chloroaniline (PCA) and method (B) procaine hydrochloride (PRH) with NG in basic medium. Yellow dyes with maximum absorption at 416 and 415 nm were formed respectively. Calibration curves were constructed over different NG concentrations, linearity was from 1- 70 and 1- 40 µgmL^-1 with detection limits of 0.55 and 0.24 µgmL^-1 for (A) and (B) respectively. All analytical variables involved in the FIA procedure were evaluated and optimized. The established methods were successfully applied for the determination of NG in its supplements and u

Five additives were used in this work namely: tetra ethyl ammonium tribromophenyl phosphine (I), tetra ethyl ammonium chlorodibromophenyl phosphine (II) chlorinated rubber (III), a mixture of 50% by weight of each of I and III (additive IV), a mixture of 50% by weight of each of II and III (additiveV) in order to study the synergetic effect of these compounds as flame retardants with epoxy and unsaturated polyester resins.
The results showed that all these additives are active and the synergetic effect was very clear in which the additives IV and V gave the best results. The retarding activity of these compounds is following the order:-
IV > V > I > II > III
The tests depended on the ASTM ( in which the limitin

In this paper we prove some theorems, the first states: If R is an almost
Noetherian domain, then the following statements are equivalent: ١- R is an almost
Dedekind domain.
٢- A(B∩C)= AB∩AC, for all ideals A, B and C of R. ٣- (A+B)(A∩B)= AB, for all
ideals A and B of R and the second states: If R is an almost Noetherian domain
which is not a field, then the following statements are equivalent: ١- R is a valuation
domain. ٢- The nonunits of R form a nonzero principal ideal of R. ٣- R is integrally
closed and has exactly one nonzero proper prime ideal. In addition to the above
some other results are proved.

Let H and K be separable complex Hilbert spaces, and let B(H,K) be the space of bounded linear operators from H to K. If H=K we write B(H) for B(H,H).In this note we study separating vectors for separators on B(HK) that have representations of the form , where AB(H),BB(K) and CB(K,H).

Let R be a commutative ring with ١, and let Aut(R) denote the group of ring
automorphisms of R. We will usually consider a group G⊆ Aut(R).
In this paper we will study the relation between G- invariant ideals and their traces.
Also we study C.P modules and C.F modules.

This paper is concerned with the existence of a unique state vector solution of a couple nonlinear hyperbolic equations using the Galerkin method when the continuous classical control vector is given, the existence theorem of a continuous classical optimal control vector with equality and inequality vector state constraints is proved, the existence of a unique solution of the adjoint equations associated with the state equations is studied. The Frcéhet derivative of the Hamiltonian is obtained. Finally the theorems of the necessary conditions and the sufficient conditions of optimality of the constrained problem are proved.

     Yamama Formation is an important sequence in southern Iraq. Petrographic analysis was used to determine and analyze the microfacies and pore types. The diagenetic processes and the impacts on the petrophysical properties of the rocks were also identified. The petrographic identification was based on data of 250 thin sections of cutting and core samples from four wells that were supplied by the Iraqi Oil Exploration Company (O.E.C). The present study focuses on the depositional environment and the microfacies analysis of Yamama Formation. The results revealed several types of microfacies, including  peloidal wackestone-packstone, algal wackestone-packstone, bioclastic wackestone-packstone, fo

Cell-mediated immunity was estimated in diabetic patients by evaluation a level
of CD4 and CD8 in type 1 and 2 diabetic patients. Of the 33 patients with type 1
diabetes mellitus 17 were males and 16 were females, as well as the type 2 diabetes
mellitus patients were made up of 17 males and 16 females. Both groups attend the
outpatient Clinic in the National Diabetes Center, Al-Mustansiriya University.
Besides that, the results of this study recorded that the mean of age among patients
with type 1 diabetes mellitus was 23.42 ± 4.25 y whereas mean of age among
second group was 51.27± 7.83 y with highly significant difference was noticed
between them. In addition, the result of this study indicated that duration o

      Water balance approaches are strategies for resolving key theoretical and practical hydrological issues. The major goals of this study are to examine climatic elements and conditions to calculate groundwater recharge using the water balance approach. The study area is located in Mandaly city, Diyala Governorate, eastern Iraq. The metrological data was gathered between 1994 and 2020 to evaluate the study area's climate. The annual rainfall rate has been 248.61 mm, with a relative humidity of 43.89%, a temperature of 24.41 ^oC, a wind speed of 1.99 m/sec, sunshine of 8.32 hours per day, and evaporation of (268.09 mm). The total amount of corrected evapotranspiration was 1010.09 mm, with a peak value of 225.29 mm in Jul

The aim of this study is to determine and evaluate the units and subunits of Mishrif Formation in Garraf oil field 85 km north of Nasiriyah city depending mainly on the geophysical well logging data and other amiable geological information. The sets of the geophysical well logs data acquired from GA-4, GA- AIP, GA- B8P, GA-3 and GA-5 wells of Garraf oil field are used to determine the petrophysical and lithological properties for each zone in Mishrif Formation to locate, define and evaluate hydrocarbon production from each zone in the reservoir which is also known as formation evaluation. The digitization was done by using Didger software and the interpretations were made using Interactive Petrophysics Program v 3.5 and Petrel software.

This research deals with study of the Petrology and mineralogy of the Rus and Jil Formations at Najif and Al-Muthanna Governorates, Southern Iraq. The Rus Formation consists mainly of evaporites and subordinate carbonates. The evaporites are characterized by nodular structure (compound wispy, wispy, structureless and mosaic structures) with some laminated structure at the studied sections. Compound wispy to wispy structure are the dominant structures. The Jil Formation consists almost entirely of carbonate. The carbonate rocks are dolomitic limestone and dolomite beds, massive, fossiliferous, cavernous sometime friable and bioturbated in its lower part. The Jil Formation contains evaporites as thin beds, sometimes nodular and contains se

In this paper, we proposed a new class of Weighted Rayleigh Distribution based on two parameters, one is scale parameter and the other is shape parameter which introduced in Rayleigh distribution. The main properties of this class are derived and investigated in . The moment method and maximum likelihood method are used to obtain estimators of parameters, survival function and hazard function. Real data sets are collected to investigate two methods which depend it in this study. A comparison was made between two methods of estimation.

     The research deals with an evolutionary-based mutation with functional annotation to identify protein complexes within PPI networks. An important field of research in computational biology is the difficult and fundamental challenge of revealing complexes in protein interaction networks. The complex detection models that have been developed to tackle challenges are mostly dependent on topological properties and rarely use the biological  properties of PPI networks. This research aims to push the evolutionary algorithm to its maximum by employing gene ontology (GO) to communicate across proteins based on biological information similarity for direct genes. The outcomes show that the suggested method can be utilized to improve the

Toxoplasmosis is usually asymptomatic, but can have severe consequences if it occurs in immunodeficient subject or fetuses. The diagnosis of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy is often based on maternal serological testing for IgM and IgG anti- Toxoplasma antibodies. Persistence of IgM for long periods, posses’ problems in distinguishing acute from chronic infection. The evaluation of specific IgG avidity enables more accurate dating, since avidity rises progressively during the course of infection.
Seventy six women in the first 16 weeks of pregnancy were screened for VIDAS IgM, IgG antibodies and VIDAS toxo-IgG avidity. Low avidity antibodies were demonstrated in 2 (33.3%) of 6 sera positive with IgM assay and 4 (12.12%) of sera pos

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral infection that produces characteristic abnormalities in routine blood tests, yet these hematologic changes are typically analysed separately for each parameter rather than as a combined multivariate profile. This study investigated whether the joint hematologic profile of adult dengue patients in Bangladesh is systematically displaced from healthy adult reference values. We analysed a cohort of laboratory-confirmed adult dengue cases from a Bangladeshi hospital and focused on four core hematologic indices: haemoglobin, white blood cell count, platelet count, and platelet distribution width (PDW). External adult reference means were used to define a healthy location vector, and robust multivariate infer

Olfactory impairment and abnormal frontal EEG oscillations are recognized as early markers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Using a publicly available olfactory EEG dataset of 35 subjects spanning normal cognition, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and AD, each with MMSE scores and demographics, stimulus-locked epochs from four electrodes (Fp1, Fz, Cz, Pz) were processed with wavelet-based time–frequency analysis. Band-limited power ratios (delta, theta, alpha, beta) were computed as log-transformed post-odor/baseline values and aggregated to subject-level features. Statistical analyses revealed graded attenuation of odor-evoked frontal (Fp1) band-power ratios across groups, with significant differences in several band–od

In petroleum refineries, cooling towers, steam engines, and vacuum distillation all require a large volume of water. Before being dumped into the water bodies, it is then transported to an industrial water treatment facility. One of the study's objectives is to verify how well different processing units in the industrial wastewater treatment plant at the cycle refinery remove concentrations of chemical and biological oxygen demand (COD) and BOD. Five samples of industrial wastewater were collected before and after each treatment unit and one sample of wastewater was drained as a final product to the Tigris River. Over the summer, the BOD5 values after each processing unit were 180.8, 175.2, 111, 43, and 37 ppm. Winter readings were

Water pollution is widely regarded as one of the most pressing global challenges, exacerbated by human progress in industrial, agricultural, and technological sectors. Wastewater often contains non-biodegradable heavy metals that accumulate in living organisms. This accumulation poses significant risks to both environmental ecosystems and human health. The structures and surface morphology were characterized by FTIR, UV-vis measurements, XRD, SEM, and AFM. TiO2 nanoparticles could remove heavy metal ions (Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cr3+) from two samples (laboratory samples and real samples from Babylon battery factory in Al-Waziriya, Baghdad/Iraq) and measured by AAS. The results indicated that the removal percentages of heavy metal ions by T

تصف هذه الدراسة تطوير تقنية سهلة ورخيصة ودقيقة وسريعة لقياس 4-اثيل فينول وتنطوي الطريقة الأولية على تحويل -3 نيترو انيلين إلى ملح ديازونيوم ثم التفاعل مع 4 - إثيل فينول في وسط قلوي.المعقد المتكون هو أصفر اللون وله امتصاص عند اعلى طول موجي عند 426 nm. ويتبع قانون بير في مدى خطي قدره 5-12 μg mL-1 مع معامل ارتباط قدره 0.994 وامتصاص مولاري 6.0024x10^3  L.mol-1.cm-1  وتم استُخدِام تقنية نقطة السحابة لقياس كميات قليلة جدا من الفينول باس

This work describes the development of new spectrophotometric techniques for 3-aminophenol assessment. The first technique involves using benzidine in an alkaline solution to convert 3-aminophenol into a colored complex. The produced complex has a red color with an absorbance of 462 nm. Between the concentration range 5–14 μg mL−1, Beer's law is obeyed with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99781, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0423 μg mL−1, and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.1411 μg mL−1. The recovery was between 87.2–95.43%, the relative standard deviation (%RSD) was 2.40–3.31% and the molar absorptivity was 3.545 × 103 L mol−1 cm−1. Secondly, cloud point extraction (CPE) was used to determ

يتناول هذا البحث موقف إيران من الاتحاد العربي الهاشمي لعام 1958، وهو الحدث الذي مثل محاولة فريدة في التاريخ العربي المعاصر لتوحيد القوى الملكية بين العراق والأردن في إطار سياسي مشترك، بهدف مواجهة المد القومي العربي بقيادة الجمهورية العربية المتحدة برئاسة جمال عبد الناصر.

تسعى الدراسة إلى تحليل الموقف الإيراني الرسمي وغير الرسمي من هذا الاتحاد، من خلال تتبع ردود الأفعال السياسية والدبلوماسية الإيرانية

        يتناول البحث أهمية موقع اليمن القديم ودوره في طبيعة العلاقة والاتصالات بين مناطق البحر الأحمر والقرن الافريقي منذ بداية المراحل المبكرة من العصر الحجري والتي استمرت وتطورت حتى مراحل متأخرة من العصور التاريخية، وذلك من خلال الأدلة والشواهد الأثرية. ويركز البحث على كل من جغرافية البحر الأحمر وأثرها في تشكيل الصلات الحضارية بين شعوبه، بالإضافة إلى موقع جنوب الجزيرة العربية الذي ساعد على تعدد وتنوع ا

يتناول البحث ظاهرة العمالة الوافدة في العراق بعد انتهاء الحرب، مركزاً على العمالة المصرية التي أدت إلى تصاعد مشكلات البطالة والصراعات الاجتماعية مع المجتمع المحلي. فقد أدى تسريح الآلاف من العراقيين إلى تولي العمالة الأجنبية، ولا سيما المصرية، لفرص العمل، مما أسهم في ز

     نتناول في هذه الدراسة سيرة حياة المجري الرحالة والمؤرخ آرمنيوس فامبري صاحب المؤلفات العديدة ,الذي اوقف حياته في معرفة الحياة الاجتماعية للترك سواء في تاريخهم المعاصر او الاسلامي بعد ان اجاد اللغة التركية اجادة تامة حتى اللهجات التي اختلفت عن اللهجة التركية العثمانية في اواسط آسيا من خلال تخفيه بزي مسلم متصوف مسجلا اوائل المدونات الاوربية عن شعوب تركستان وخاصة بلاد ما وراء النهر فكانت مقالاته

يعد التدوين في ميدان النظم العسكرية الإسلامية من الحقول التاريخية التي كان نتاج المسملمين فيها شحيحا قياسا بصنوف التدوين التاريخي الأخرى، لكن محمد بن منكلي ( ت ٧٨٤ هـ / ١٣٨٢ م ) يعد علما بارزا في هذا الصنف من التدوين التاريخي ولا سيما انه قد عاش في كنف دولة كان قوام نشأتها وديمومتها هو النشاط العسكري وهي الدولة المملوكية فضلا عن ان ابن منكلي قد تولى بنفسه مناصب عسكرية مرموقة في دولة المماليك، لذا فان الآراء ال