The study aimed to investigate the effect of adding humic acid on the adsorption of zinc and boron and on sunflower growth and yield. Field experiment was conducted at one of the research fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, during the spring season of 2022, using sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), cultivar Shamoos planted in Clay loam soil. The experiment involved three factors using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates: humic acid (0 and 50 kg ha¹)and them symbols H₀,H₁, zinc sulfate (0, 15, and 30 kg ha^-¹) them symbols Zn₀,Zn₁,Zn₂, and boron (0, 6, and 12 kg ha^-¹) and its symb

Background: Internally displaced persons (IDPs) living in camps often face substandard living conditions that may adversely affect renal health. This study aimed to assess and compare the renal function biomarkers between IDPs residing in camps and healthy individuals living outside camps in Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 300 participants (150 IDPs and 150 controls), aged 18–65 years. Individuals with chronic diseases, smokers, alcohol consumers, or other potential confounders (such as pregnancy, recent acute illness, use of nephrotoxic medications, or history of kidney surgery) were excluded. Blood and urine

Three transects were chosen in Sulaymaniyah governorate / Iraq. The first was located within the Bazian Plain, while the second was in Sulaymaniyah plain, and the third was located within the plain of Shahrazur, in order to study the effect of parent material and toposequence on the status and distribution of Iron oxides in these soils. Results Shows that there is a differences in the amount and distribution of free iron oxides between the studied pedons, and even within one Pedon. These differences can be attributed to the effect of the difference in the parent materials and topography. Also, the soils developed on Basalt rocks and Red Mudstone were characterized by their high iron oxides and dark brown color, while those developed on L

Background: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a chronic lymphocytic autoimmune thyroid disease that results in gradual destruction of the thyroid gland. Interleukin-30 (IL-30) is one of the interleukins that controls inflammatory response since it enhances T-reg cells' suppressive function and induces IL-10 production. The aim of this study was to assess the serum level of IL-30 as an indicator for understanding the pathology of this autoimmune disorder.

Subjects and Methods: A single-center, case-control study was carried out on Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis patients who were admitted to the department of medicine at Al-Yarmook Teaching Hospital and Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Ir

The recent research aims to collect fungal fruiting bodies from the Iraqi environment / Baghdad Governorate /Al-Salihiya and diagnose them morphologically and molecularly using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.The fruiting bodies obtained from wild mushrooms were subjected to quantitative and qualitative analysis using HPLC to detect biologically active phenolic compounds in the fungus. The effect of some physical factors and conditions on the growth rate of fungal mycelium and its density was also studied in terms of (temperature, pH, type and concentration of materials used in preparing the media in addition to the effect of light and darkness factors). The results of BLAST analyses showed that there is a 99% match between

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to pose significant public health challenges worldwide. This study aimed to assess the STI surveillance system in Iraq, including the Kurdistan Region, to identify gaps and areas for improvement.

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 12 to October 1, 2023. A total of 116 health facilities (HFs), including HIV control sections, Primary Health Care Centers (PHCCs), and hospitals, across 20 Directorates of Health (DOH) were included in the assessment. A structured questionnaire was developed by the researchers and administered through interviews. The questionnaire collected demographic, surv

This study was aimed to investigate relationship between the utilization of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences students for green spaces and their impact on their life quality in its cognitive and social dimensions. The research adopted the descriptive analytical approach to the reality of the green spaces most frequented by students through a field survey, in addition to adopting a questionnaire form distributed among a sample of college students from various departments. after collecting and transcribing the data, it was analyzed statistically and the significant differences between the means were compared with the Least Significant Difference (L.S.D.) test. Results showed that the most important thing provided by

This experiment was carried out at one orchards grapes in Diyala, during two seasons 2022-2023 on grape, to study the effect of adding bacterial and fungal biofertilizers, vermicompost fertilizer, and foliar applied mineral fertilizer NPK on growth and production characteristics on cv. Helwani, the experiment was carried out a randomized complete block design within split plot with three factors and three replicates, using of 72 trees. The first factor included the addition biofertilizers which included: without inoculation (M0), inoculation with 400 g of fungi (M1).Inoculation with 200 g of bacterial (M2) and inoculation with both fungi and bacteria (M3). The second factor included the addition of organic fertilizer with three treatment

The research  was aimed to develop a proposed vision to develop the effectiveness of the use of information and communications technology in agricultural extension work/Iraq, To achieve the research goal, the questionnaire was prepared as a tool for collecting information and included 109 items distributed over 8 axes, which are (formulating a strategic plan, providing infrastructure, disseminating culture, Security and safety of information extension, developing workers’ capabilities, improving cooperation and coordination between the extension organization and relevant authorities, Improving the target population’s access to information and extension knowledge, monitoring and evaluation. The research included the governorates

This study investigates the hydrogeological parameters through detailed pumping test analysis in the Qushtapa and Shamamik areas within the Erbil Basin. This study aims to assess key aquifer parameters, including hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, and storage coefficient, which are substantial for sustainable groundwater management. Data from 10 groundwater pumping tests were analyzed using established analytical approaches, such as the Cooper-Jacob straight-line method, and the Theis recovery method using AQTESOLV and the Microsoft Excel program to derive hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer. The results show significant spatial variability in aquifer properties impacted by lithological variability and the rate of groundwater

The urban development of areas directly affects hydrological processes by changing patterns of surface runoff. Cities growing experience increased flood risks as natural water absorption is reduced by changing permeable ground with structures non-absorbent. The research analyzes how expansion of urban between 2017 and 2023 influenced the Curve Number (CN) in the Erbil Sub-Basin, 1318 km2 using (GIS). This study stands differ from earlier research by focusing solely on how LULC changes affect CN values without considering precipitation data. The study achieves a more precise understanding of urbanization impacts on hydrological responses through its precipitation-independent methodology. This research methodology utilizes high-resolution

This study was executed in the northern part of Basrah Governorate in southern Iraq to evaluate the suitability of lands for date palm cultivation by integrating fuzzy logic, remote sensing, and geographic information systems. Nine criteria were studied, including chemical properties (EC, pH, O.C, CaCO₃, and CEC) and physical properties encompassing soil particle size distribution, soil depth, and soil bulk density, in addition to the supervised classification map. The importance and influence of all criterion have been determined through a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) method. Fuzzy logic was then employed to develop a specific mathematical model for evaluating land suitability for date palm cultivation and to produce a land s

This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity and molecular evolution of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) populations from various countries, which hold significant potential for future breeding strategies and germplasm conservation. To achieve this, a total of 15 sequences deposited in GenBank were analyzed using the complete internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA). The spacer sequence lengths ranged from 156 base pairs (bp) in the Swedish tomato to 713 bp in the Palestinian tomato. A notable variation in GC content was observed, with the Thai tomato exhibiting the highest value (67.48%) and the South Korean tomato the lowest (49.56%). Phylogenetic trees were constructed using both the dist

Enhancing asphalt binder performance against anticipated distresses is a critical focus in pavement engineering. This study investigates the synergistic influence of nano titanium dioxide (NT) and nano zinc oxide (NZ) on asphalt binder performance. Nine NT:NZ combinations (1:1 to 3:3) were prepared with 1–3% by binder weight, in addition to a reference binder (RB). The performance test program included; conventional tests (penetration, softening point, viscosity, and ductility), Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) for performance grading, Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) for rutting evaluation, and Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS) for fatigue resistance. Furthermore, Statistical analysis (ANOVA) was performed to determine the significa