An intranasal drug delivery system offers a non-invasive, effective, reliable, direct, and alternative route to the CNS via the neural connections between the nasal mucosa and the brain. Paliperidone (PAL) is mainly used to treat schizophrenia and disorder. It’s practically insoluble in water class II with low bioavailability 28%. Therefore the aim of preparation of nano nasal suspension gel is in order to target PAL to brain via neural connections of nasal mucosa and the brain, and then enhance the uptake and bioavailability of the drug near and at the site of action. Different variables were investigated in this study, in order to recognize the best formula that aims the drug

Nimodipine (NID) is used for the prevention of ruptured intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). The objective of study using the benefits of a combined approach of polymeric nanoparticles and microneedles to fabricate NID as polymeric nanoparticles (NID-NPs) loaded in a bilayer dissolving microneedle (bDMNs) patch to enhance the delivery of drugs through skin layers as a promising noninvasive and painless delivery system, improving poor solubility and lower oral bioavailability (5–10%) owing to first-pass metabolism, which leads to frequent dosing, inconsistent clinical responses, and poor patient compliance. The NID-NPs formula was fabricated with a (1:8) drug to polymer, Soluplus®, w/w ratio and 0.25% polyvinylpyr

Nimodipine is a vasodilator medicinal agent approved for the prevention of cerebral vasospasm, a major risk factor that causes deaths in patients diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The current marketed products of this drug are associated with challenges such as frequent dosing orally, or continuous infusion through central vein. Therefore, transdermal delivery of nimodipine via transferosomes can overcome these difficulties. Solvent evaporation-hydration method followed by sonication was applied for the preparation of transferosomes. The aim of present study is to investigate and optimize the processing parameters of this method through the utilization of Design-Expert software. Box-Behnken statistical design was selected for this

     The present work aims to formulate carvedilol as nanomicelle and study variables effect on the particle size of nanomicelle, and on the entrapment efficiency (EE%). The formulations were performed by two methods; thin film hydration method and direct dissolution method using soluplus® and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K-25) as polymers. The results revealed that formulations prepared by direct dissolution method exhibits lower size and higher EE% as compared with thin film hydration method, it was found that soluplus® produces larger size of nanomicelle and lower EE% as compared with PVP K-25, it was found that as the amount of polymer raised, the size of nanomicelle increased in both polymers, the effect of solvent indicates that

الأهداف: يهدف البحث إلى دراسة دور العلاقات العامة الحكومية في إدارة قضايا الذكاء الاصطناعي، مع التركيز على كيفية توجيه الرأي العام العالمي في إطار خطة العمل الأمريكية للذكاء الاصطناعي، وتحليل قدرتها على تحقيق التوازن بين الأبعاد التقنية والاقتصادية والأمنية لهذه التكنولوجيا الحديثة.
المنهجية: اعتمد البحث منهج دراسة الحالة، مستفيدًا من أداة تحليل المحتوى بشكل كمي ونوعي، وقد جرى تحلي

Among the many NSAIDs generated from phenyl acetic acid is Aceclofenac, or ACE. Its antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects are noteworthy. However, the substance's delayed dissolution, limit permeability, and inadequate bioavailability are caused by its low solubility in water, which hinders its usefulness. Nanosponges (NS) are tiny particles with nanoscale holes and a distinctive three-dimensional nanostructure. The incorporation of both water-soluble and fat-soluble molecules into these hollow spaces enhances the efficacy and safety of medication delivery. This study aims to improve and advance the formulation of ACE-containing nanosponges. The emulsion solvent diffusion procedure is used to prepare the nanosponges that

الأهداف: يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على استراتيجيات الترويج الإلكتروني التي يعتمدها المروجون العراقيون عبر شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي، وتحليل أبرز التحديات والفرص المرتبطة بهذه الممارسات، فضلًا عن تقييم مدى فاعلية هذه الاستراتيجيات في تحقيق أهداف الحملات الترويجية، مثل جذب الانتباه، وزيادة المبيعات، وبناء العلامة التجارية.
المنهجية: اعتمد الباحث المنهج المسحي في جمع البيانات، باستخدام اس

الأهداف: يهدف البحث إلى رصد الدور الإعلامي لجهاز الأمن الوطني في العراق من خلال المحتوى الأمني الرقمي، ولا سيما مقاطع الفيديو المنشورة عبر منصات التواصل الاجتماعي، في الحد من ترويج المخدرات، كما يسعى إلى الكشف عن معرفة مدى فاعلية هذا المحتوى بوصفه أداة تأثير في الجمهور، ورصد أنماط تفاعلهم معه، فضلًا عن تقييم نظرتهم تجاهه في إطار نظرية المسؤولية الاجتماعية.
المنهجية: اعتمد الباحث المنه

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Pentagram strategy as a contemporary approach in teaching chest pass and layup skills of basketball among under 14 years junior students. The researcher employed experimental method with equivalent groups (experimental and control) with pre-test and post-test. The sample of the study was composed of 16 players from the specialized school of Youth and Sports Ministry that was divided into two groups. The experimental group received a program of 24 instruction units, three per week, using the Pentagram strategy where the skills are divided into five dimensions and developed progressively. The findings indicated that significant differences at chest pass and layup skills wer

The volleyball spike has been widely recognized as one of the fundamental skills that influence match outcomes. The performance of this skill is largely a function of the orchestration of several biomechanical factors including: angular and linear velocity of the power-arm, launch angle, ball height to the point that it is struck and step stop technique. The purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of these variables in accuracy of spike related to volleyball players in the age group 14-16. The study was descriptive in nature, involving a sample of 7 players from the National Talent Development Centre. Spike accuracy was assessed with the modified high spike test, which evaluates the speed as well as the accura

The study aimed to identify the effect of combined (physical - skill) exercises using a designed device on developing certain shooting skills for basketball players under 18 years old. The researchers used the experimental approach on a sample of 14 players, divided into an experimental group and a control group.To achieve the study's objectives, the researchers designed a basketball shooting development device, which consists of a rotating base, poles, and a main body, in addition to an electronic system that rotates the device towards the player approaching the proximity sensors.The researchers also prepared a set of physical and skill exercises using the designed device. These exercises were applied to the experimental sample for eigh

The importance of this research lies in highlighting one of the modern training methods that may contribute to improving the athletic performance of handball players, whether on the physical or tactical level. From the perspective of physiological variables, repeated-sprint training at maximal and sub-maximal intensities is employed to enhance anaerobic capacity and increase the efficiency of the nervous system. The research problem emerged from the observation that many coaches focus heavily on offensive skills, neglecting the fact that an offensive mistake results in losing the ball, whereas a defensive error grants the opponent a scoring opportunity. Additionally, poor performance results may be attributed to the inability of the body

The research aims to identify the administrative transparency of school principals from the perspective of physical education teachers in Karbala Governorate. The experiment was conducted to apply the scale to a sample of (408) physical education teachers in middle, preparatory, and secondary schools for boys. The researchers used the descriptive approach with a survey method to suit the nature of the problem to be solved. The statistical package (SPSS) was used to extract the results of the arithmetic mean (Mean), standard deviation (Std-Deviation), and the statistical (t) test for two independent samples. The Spearman-Brown equation and the simple correlation coefficient (Pearson) were used. The result was the construction of a scale o

The research aims to prepare preventive exercises using different weights to improve some health fitness variables to reduce injury among female students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls, first stage. The researcher used the experimental method because it is suitable for the nature of the research. The researcher used the experimental design with pre- and post-measures for two groups, one experimental and the other control. The research was conducted on a sample of (65) female students of the first stage of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls, Section (A), Section (B), and Section (C). One of the most important results was that the experimental group outperformed the control g

       Advanced nations put a lot of effort into implementing different models, ideas, and instructional practices that help athletes reach greater heights in their chosen sports. They use contemporary methods to improve their physical and motor capacities, which helps them acquire skills for a variety of situations. The importance of research resides in testing and applying the strategies of the Schmach educational model as a legitimate scientific undertaking. The primary focus of the research is the uneven acquisition of fundamental football abilities among first-year students at Wasit University's College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. The goal of the project is to create an educational program based on the Schmach m

The study aimed to develop a measure of competitive excellence for sports clubs affiliated with the Iraqi Ministry of Interior from the perspective of employees and to identify the level of competitive excellence of these clubs from the perspective of employees. The researcher used a descriptive approach with a survey method and correlational studies. The researcher constructed a measure of competitive excellence for sports clubs from the perspective of employees, and the results were processed using SPSS statistical software. The results were presented in tables and points and discussed. The study concluded that the sports clubs of the Iraqi Ministry of Interior have a good level of competitive excellence from the perspective of employe

تتناول هذه الدراسة بحث موقف التشريعات المقارنة (التشريع الفرنسي، و التشريع الانكليزي،) من التصدي لتنظيم مسالة تعويض الاضرار التي تنشأ في اطار ممارسة حرية التظاهر بقواعد قانونية خاصة ذات شروط متميزة عما هو مرسوم في القواعد العامة التي تندرج ضمن نصوص القانون المدني في الدول محل المقارنة , وذلك لخصوصية تلك الاضرار وما يكتنفها من صعوبة في التعرف على محدثها في الغالب الاعم من الاحوال من جهة , ولصعوبة اثبات خطأ من

In recent years, literary studies have witnessed a remarkable shift towards employing digital technologies, particularly artificial intelligence tools, in analyzing literary texts and exploring their linguistic and semantic structures. This trend has provided researchers with new possibilities for understanding texts in quantitative and qualitative ways that transcend traditional methods based solely on critical reading. The current research aims to introduce professors and students of Arabic to artificial intelligence tools that contribute to the analysis of literary texts, focusing on exploring their mechanisms for studying style, meaning, structure, and emotion. It also seeks to highlight the most prominent challenges facing researchers

Objectives: This research aims to study the artificial intelligence (AI) skills re-quired by employees in information institutions, specifically university libraries in Iraq, to enhance their services and align with modern technological advancements. It highlights the gap between the current knowledge of employees in Al technologies and their practical applications to improve the services of information institutions. Methodology: The research adopted a descriptive survey method, targeting em- ployees in three prestigious university libraries in Baghdad: the Central Library of the University of Baghdad, the Central Library and House of Books of Al-Mustansiriyah University, and the Central Library of the Iraqi University. A sample of (160)

Background: Trastuzumab is a blockbuster monoclonal antibody that has revolutionized the treatment of HER2-positive breast and gastric cancers. With the increasing availability of biosimilar monoclonal antibodies in clinical practice, independent verification of biosimilarity using products sampled from a real-world supply chain is important to assure clinicians and the patients to use these products confidently. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the biosimilarity of AryoTrust, a trastuzumab biosimilar, in comparison with the reference product Herceptin. AryoTrust and Herceptin products were randomly withdrawn from Iraqi hospitals to reflect medicines administered in real clinical settings. Methods: AryoTrust and Hercept

Bombay (Oh) and Para-Bombay are rare variants of the ABO blood group system that carry significant clinical importance. They are characterized by the absence or a marked reduction in the expression of the H antigen on red blood cells (RBCs). This deficiency leads to a failure in the synthesis of A and B antigens, predisposing patients—particularly those with the Bombay phenotype—to developing potent anti-H antibodies, which can cause severe hemolytic transfusion reactions. Objective: The primary goal is to provide clinicians and laboratory specialists with a practical and comprehensive framework to prevent avoidable blood mismatch and improve clinical outcomes for patients suffering from H-deficient phenotypes. Methods: This rev

Background: Antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli is a major concern for public health, as it reduces options to treat infections such at urinary tract infection (UTI). Green tea (Camellia sinensis) and other natural plant products have been of interest for their ability to modify antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria, a capacity largely attributed to bioactive polyphenols. Objective: The purpose of this work was to investigate in vitro the potential effect of green tea leaf ethanol extract on the antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli isolates. Materials and Methods: Green tea leaves was extracted using ethanol and re-dissolved 1% DMSO. Five concentrations of green tea leaves ethanol extract 0.60, 0.50, 0.30, 0.16 and 0

The feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious and infectious virus that infects cats and causes moderate to stringent respiratory infections and oropharyngeal illness. It is prevalent in shelters and birthplace colonies and frequently infects kitten cats. 50 distinct cats were involved in the research, with samples acquired between October 2020 and January 2021. Swabs were taken from the oropharynx and conjunctiva, conditional on the signs of FCV disease septicity, to inspect viral nucleic acid from collecting samples, then extract the RNA from the swabs and turn it into a cDNA particle, and finally distinguishing the open reading frame nucleic acid gene 2 using a primer special for feline calicivirus, All specimens were taken

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious virus that causes a mild to severe respiratory infection and oral disease in cats. It is especially common in shelters and breeding colonies, and often infects young cats, this study contained 50 different cats and samples were collected from September 2020 to January 2021. Samples taken by swabs from oropharyngeal and conjunctival area depending on the lesion of FCV infection to investigate viral nucleic acid from collected swabs, then extracting RNA from the swabs and converting it to a cDNA molecule, and last detecting the open reading template gene 2 using specific primer, these samples isolated from veterinary clinics, and shelters, all samples were collected from Baghdad city .Ra

e current research aims to know the effect of fishbone strategy on achievement of chemistry and visual thinking among middle school students, the research sample consisted of 89 students divided into two experimental groups consisting of 44 students who studied fishbone strategy, and a control group that consisted of 45. A student studied in the usual way; the two groups were rewarded in a number of variables, and the researcher built two tools for the research: the first is an achievement test consisting in 30 paragraphs, and the second is a visual thinking test consisting in 18 paragraphs. Keywords: Chemistry, fishbone, seven grade, students, visual thinking..