In this study presents a numerical investigation of natural convection heat transfer in an annular enclosure partially filled with metal foam. The inner cylinder is maintained at a constant temperature, while the outer cylinder is subjected to a uniform heat flux; both vertical sidewalls are thermally insulated. The fluid flow is modeled using the Navier–Stokes equations under the Boussinesq approximation, and the porous medium is described by the Brinkman–Forchheimer Darcy model, assuming local thermal equilibrium. Simulations are conducted using ANSYS FLUENT to examine the effects of pore density (10 PPI and 40 PPI), inclination angle (0°, 30°, 60°, 90°) and Rayleigh number (10⁴ ≤ Ra ≤ 10⁶) on thermal p

This study evaluates the performance of Self-Compacting Engineered Cementitious Composites (SCC-ECC) under standard 28-day water curing, aiming to develop a mixture with optimal flowability, high mechanical strength, and enhanced durability. Twenty-seven SCC-ECC mortar mixtures (without coarse aggregate) were prepared and tested according to EFNARC (2002) guidelines for self-compacting mortars. Fresh results (slump flow 240–260 mm, V-funnel 6–12 s, L-box >0.80) confirmed adequate flowability. In addition, direct tensile tests on dog-bone specimens demonstrated strain-hardening with multiple fine cracks and strain capacity exceeding 2%, verifying the ECC behavior. The mixtures were prepared with varying fly ash con

Earth dams in regions with moderate to high seismic activity are crucial for protecting downstream communities. Iraq and its neighboring areas have seen recurrent seismic activity, notably the 2017 Halabja Earthquake, which potentially compromised the integrity of the existing earth dam. The Darbandikhan Dam, affected by an earthquake, has inadequacies in its crest and downstream slope, presenting a greater danger of significant earthquake-induced damage compared to cyclic shocks.  Consequently, evaluating the dam's safety is essential for safeguarding downstream residents and identifying optimal ways to avert slope stability failure amid recurrent seismic activity. Iraq's seismicity map is being updated to reflect eart

This research demonstrates an efficient method for the synthesis and storage of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) using bulk polymerization of Pregabalin (PGB), which is carried out at room temperature. This method has the advantages of high sensitivity, low cost, increased stability, and longer lifetime of the polymers. The research used specific ratios between template, monomer, and cross-linking agents to ensure suitable adsorption capacity. Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) was used as an initiator for the functional monomer styrene and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) cross-linking to create the MIP of Pregabalin (PGB-MIP). The molecularly imprinted polymer was studied using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS) a

This study experimentally investigated Free-Fall Gravity Drainage (FFGD) under combination-drive conditions in a two-dimensional Hele-Shaw model representing a water-drive reservoir. An initially high gravity potential from the oil column enabled early oil drainage before aquifer support became dominant. Three water-drive strengths were tested, demonstrating that a stronger aquifer (1.15 psig) accelerated oil recovery to approximately 75% of the original oil in place (OOIP) within 60 minutes, resulting in a final recovery of 79.5%. However, this was accompanied by rapid water breakthrough after 2.5 minutes and high-water cuts exceeding 90%. In contrast, a weaker aquifer (0.725 psig) stabilized the oil–water contact

The relationship between cinema and architecture has witnessed an increasing presence in contemporary studies, as both converge at a common point: shaping human experience within a specific temporal and spatial space. Cinema uses the principles of rhythm, sound, and memory to shape visual and auditory narratives, while architecture seeks to embody these principles in tangible spaces that organize human movement and influence sensory and emotional perception. This relationship demonstrates that cinematic expression tools can enrich architectural experience. However, the challenge lies in the limited theoretical frameworks that explain how to translate these principles into design strategies, particularly in cultural archi

The process of drilling wells has become more complex today due to greater depths and advanced drilling techniques. Therefore, obtaining ideal specifications for drilling fluids has become of great importance to overcome drilling problems and reduce costs. Therefore, studies have begun to investigate the effect of nanomaterials on drilling fluids. This study is an investigation into the effect of nano-iron oxide on drilling fluid specifications. Saturated salt mud was used, and different physical properties such as viscosity, density, and filtrate loss were measured at different temperatures (30 ˚C, 50 ˚C, and 70 ˚C), and adding different proportions of nano iron oxide (0.75 and 1.5 gm). This study is characterized by

Despite the visual and structural integration that characterizes Islamic architecture, reflecting religious and cultural values, the expressive relationship between form and structure has not yet been systematically studied in a comprehensive manner that reveals its symbolic, functional, and aesthetic dimensions. Hence, a research problem arose in the absence of a theoretical framework that interprets this relationship as a single unit that conveys meaning and embodies identity. Therefore, this is research aiming to analyze the expressive relationship between form and structure in Islamic architecture, using the Al-Mustansiriya School as a model to uncover the mechanisms that enable form and structure to work in tandem t

Traditional concrete has gained several uses in recent decades; yet, it poses some concerns in the building business.  The weight of the product is a limitation when it is used in applications that are more specialized. As a result, the building and construction sectors were the ones to introduce the idea of lightweight concrete.  In this study, five different pumice lightweight mixtures were utilized (a reference mix that did not include any fiber, a mix that contained 1% glass fiber, a mix that contained one layer of fiber glass mesh, a mix that contained three layers of fiber glass mesh, and a hybrid mix that had both glass fiber and three layers of fiber glass mesh). Every single one of the mixtures that were used

The growing intricacy and financial risk of residential complex projects in emerging nations require dependable decision-support tools for early investment evaluation. This research presents the design and implementation of the Residential Investment Decision Support System (RIDSS), a specialized platform based on Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA). RIDSS facilitates stakeholders to assess financial feasibility by employing economic indicators such as Return on Investment (ROI) and Profitability Index (PI), while also integrating sensitivity analysis (±10% or ±20% change in cost) and dynamic cost adjustment mechanisms. Through the application of a real case study in Iraq, the system demonstrated its capability to simulate

This study aims to explore the similarities and differences in cultural dimensions between primary and secondary school teachers in Jordan and Turkey, based on Hofstede's model of cultural dimensions. The problem of the study stems from the need to understand and analyze these dimensions among teachers in both countries, to reveal the similarities and differences between them, and to explore their implications for different educational contexts. The research relied on a field survey of a sample of 100 teachers in the Jordanian and Turkish contexts, based on the recommendations of Minkov and Hofstede as preliminary data, in addition to the use of official secondary data from Hofstede's global indicators. This methodological design allowed

This study aims to analyze the mediating role of strategic planning in the relationship between zakat compliance and institutional performance in the General Authority for Zakat in Yemen, filling a research gap in fragile environments (Bin-Nashwan et al., 2021; Bryson, 2018).  The study employed a quantitative descriptive-analytical approach using a questionnaire as a key tool which was distributed to all administrative and functional leaders in the Authority and its branch in the capital, Sana'a, totaling 515, thereby representing a comprehensive survey of the research community. A total of 417 questionnaires were received. However, 398 were valid for final statistical analysis. The data were analyzed using SPSS v24 and PLS-SEM softwar

This research investigates the influence of momentum and liquidity factors on stock returns in the Iraq Stock Exchange, employing the six-factor Fama-French model and enhancing the analysis with sophisticated machine learning techniques, including Random Forests. This research seeks to address deficiencies in prior studies by implementing an integrated model within the Iraqi market context, which is under-researched in the context of multi-factor asset pricing models. A quantitative analytical approach was applied to a sample of 10 companies listed on the market from 2014 to 2023. The findings indicate that the random forest model markedly outperforms conventional regression models, elucidating 72% of the variance in stock returns and at

This paper has presented a simulation-based framework for analyzing supply chain reliability under uncertainty, supported by a comprehensive literature review, theoretical grounding, and a real-world case study. The main contribution lies in demonstrating how simulation modeling — particularly hybrid approaches — can capture the complex dynamics of modern supply chains and provide decision-makers with practical tools for stress-testing, scenario planning, and reliability enhancement.

This study aims to evaluate supply chain reliability under uncertainty by integrating simulation and probabilistic modeling. The purpose is to investigate how disruptions in supply, demand, and logistics affect performance indicators such as servi

يشخص البحث دور القيادة التشاركية في تعزيز الاستبصار الاستراتيجي في المديرية العامة لتربية الرصافة الاولى

The research problem of this study is to determine the connection between organizational culture and faculty performance in higher education, specifically, in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, which consists of the public universities. Using the organizational culture theory and performance management models, the study explores three dimensions of culture, such as cooperation and communication, innovation and development, and appreciation and rewards, and their effects on the performance of the faculty in terms of academics, research, and administration/service. Quantitative approach was adopted through a structured questionnaire that was issued to faculty members working in different fields. The conceptual model of the research involves org

This paper examined the administrative outlooks of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq regarding the issue of recruiting international students, based on the perceived obstacles, institutional approaches, and the desired support of the government. The study is based on institutional theory and strategic management in higher education, which offers a strong theoretical framework for investigating how universities can ensure their internal capabilities are aligned with external policy structures. Quantitative research design was incorporated, and a structured survey was introduced to the presidents, deans, vice presidents, and directors of international relations and admissions of various universities. The collected data were analyzed using infer

The aim of this study is to explore the effect of banking awareness and deposit strategies on banking financing. It presents a theoretical framework to achieve this goal, utilizing a descriptive methodology, followed by a causal approach based on the joint integration method for the period 2000–2020, which is informed historical data. The study has drawn several conclusions, including banking awareness, which stems from customers’ trust in banks, their culture, perception of banking services, and their attitudes and behavior towards banks, all of which significantly contribute to deposit strategies. Furthermore, there exists a positive mutually reinforcing relationship between deposits in Yemeni banks and the volume of banking financ

Predicting gold prices is crucial for policymakers, investors, and financial planners, especially in commodity-dependent economies like Iraq. This study examines the forecasting performance of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Seasonal ARIMA (SARIMA) models using daily gold price data in Iraq from (April 30, 2015, to April 30, 2025). After preprocessing and testing for stationary, both models were estimated using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) and further refined with modern machine learning post-processing, Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method demonstrated greater stability and interpretability compared to the machine learning-based approach. However, the application of Gradient Boosted Trees (GBDT) to the

In recent years, increasing concerns regarding the implications of climate change and associated environmental risks on global financial stability have led both investors and stakeholders to demand more comprehensive disclosures on how economic entities impact the environment and climate. Also, the climate-related risks influence their operational sustainability and future cash flow generation. This study aims to investigate the effect of climate change disclosures according to IFRS-S2 on the going concern status of Iraqi listed banks. The research involves a sample of 30 banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2023.

The study employed an analytical survey method combined with a binary scoring approach to evaluate ban

This study investigates the impact of agricultural investment policy—represented by agricultural loans and investment allocations—on rice crop production in Iraq over the period 2003–2023, employing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. Using time-series econometric analysis, the study confirms a short-term positive and statistically significant effect of financial support on rice output, while revealing statistically insignificant long-term effects. The presence of a cointegration relationship suggests long-term equilibrium between agricultural policy variables and rice production. However, the absence of causality in the Yamamoto-Toda test implies that structural and institutional inefficiencies may dilute the long-ter

ان في الفن العراقي المعاصر معطًى مفاهيمياً وجمالياً جديداً في كل مرفقاته وطروحاته واستعمالاته وفي مجالات الرسم التي تشكل إفرازاً لابد منه لمخاضات وصراعات وتحولات مستمرة بضغوطاته السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والثقافية التي تشكل إزاحة على مستوى الرؤيا والذائقية والتلقي في الفن العراقي المعاصر .

            لقد سعى البحث الحالي (التشيؤ في الفن العراقي المعاصر) الى دراسة  منظومة التشيؤ

، و

ارتبط مفهوم النقد الفني بالتطور الحاصل للعلوم الانسانية والذي ادى الى اتسام الفلسفات الحديثة بالطابع النقدي التي تركز على الفهم والتحليل لآليات النتاجات الفنية والفكرية، فهو من المركبات المعرفية التي تتجه نحو الاتجاه التحليلي والذي يركز على الوصف، فضلا عن انه يرتبط برؤية مهارية وفلسفية مركبة لا تخلو من التباين في الرأي والاتجاهات، لذا من الضروري ان تؤدي المعرفة النقدية الى بناء اداة او تصميمها للوصول ال

تدارس البحث موضوع التعقيد اللانهائي وفقا لمرجعياته في الهندسة الكسرية في تصميم الاقمشة والازياء, عبر مناقشة المفاهيم الأساسية انطلاقا من مشكلة البحث والتي تمثلت في التساؤل حول: ما هو دور التعقيد اللانهائي للهندسة الكسرية في تصميم الاقمشة والازياء؟ مرورا بهدف البحث والذي تحدد في: تحديد ماهية التعقيد اللانهائي عبر طروحات الهندسة الكسرية وبيان طبيعته الشكلية والتركيبية في تطبيقات الاقمشة والازياء. عبر تناو

Polyethylene (PE) waste is both an environmental threat and a chance for innovation in pavement engineering. This review examines low-density (LDPE) and high-density (HDPE) PE as asphalt modifiers, outlining their influence on binder performance, mixture properties, environmental gains, and economic viability. Drawing on laboratory studies and field trials, it compares PE types, dosages, and mixing methods. PE raises the binder’s softening point, viscosity, and elasticity, while reducing penetration and ductility. In mixtures, it can lift Marshall stability by up to 167%, cut rut depth by about 70%, and raise tensile strength by 30%. HDPE usually delivers the bigger mechanical boost thanks to its higher crystallinit

Smart emergency hospitals constitute a transformative model that addresses the continual challenges of traditional healthcare systems, together with delayed reaction times, elevated clinical errors, and inefficient resource utilization via the combination of superior technologies, which include Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and scientific robotics. Despite the growing body of research on medical and administrative benefits, confined interest has been paid to the architectural and spatial implications of this technology. This examines objectives to discover how clever technologies influence the architectural layout of emergency hospitals, particularly in terms of spatial configuration, operat

يهتم البحث بدراسة اسلوب البناء التصميمي في تشكيل الفن المفاهيمي للاعمال الفنية التي أساسها الفنان فهو مصدر المدخلات والمخرجات الحسية والمعطيات الأساس في تشكيل التجربة البصرية الفنية داخل البنى التصميمة للعمل الفني بالتحويلات التي تغير نمط الاتجاه الذي يشتغل علية الفنان فيظهر لنا فنا وجدانيا يسمو بمظاهر الواقـع بتطويعها لغايات الفنان الذاتية والجمالـية لطرح رؤية جديدة كفضاء حي يصطبغ بصبغة  الع

تناول البحث الحالي (الوعي الثقافي في الرسم المعاصر وتمظهراته في نتاجات طلبة التربية الفنية) تقصي اتجاهات فنون ما بعد الحداثة , والتي شهدت تحولات في الانجازات الفنية منذ , ثمانينيات القلان العشرين وظهور الاتجاهات الفنية التي تتناسب مع التقدم العلمي والتكنلوجي وانفتاح الوعي الثقافي عل مختلف التقنيات المختلفة التي شهدها الغرب في النصف الثاني من نفس القرن, وخصوصاً في مجال الفنون بواسطة التجارب التشكيلة في (الر

تعتبر الدراسة الموضوعية للتدرج النسقي في تصاميم الريازة العمارية من حيث تكويناتها التصميمية واهميتها داخل الفضاء الداخلي لمداخل القصور الاسلاميه وكيفية تنفيذها ، أمر مهم في التصميم الداخلي لجميع القصور الأسلامية ، أذ أنها تمثل سمة مميزة بوصفها فناً جميلاً .. ويمكن للمصمم الداخلي ان يلمس نواحي هذا التطور في أنواع تصاميم الريازة العمارية نتيجة للتطور العمراني للقصور,

شهد العقد الأول من القرن الحالي، تسارع ملموس في التطور التكنولوجي، في جميع المجالات، وخاصة في مجال التقنيات الرقمية في تصميم الإعلان؛ بمختلف أنواعه، ونتج عن ذلك التطور تباين وتعدد في التقنيات الرقمية، من حيث البرامج، والمواد المستخدمة، ويأتي هذا البحث موضحاً لتلك التقنيات وجوانبها وماهيتها، وموضحاً لأهمية إختيار النوع المناسب من التقنيات حسب المهام والإمكانيات والظروف الزمانية والمكانية، وموضحاً لأهم