BACKGROUND: Many genetic factors are known to be related to osteoporosis, and currently the role of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) gene in bone health has been studied intensively. Some variation of this gene, such as rs1042044 and rs6458093, are known to be linked to metabolic diseases and lower bone mineral density, however their specific contribution to osteoporosis remains largely unexplored. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the combined genotypic effect of rs1042044 and rs6458093 as a genetic risk factor for osteoporosis in postmenopausal Iraqi women.METHODS: Blood samples from 75 osteoporosis patients and 75 healthy controls, aged 45-85, were collected. DNA was extracted, and a region of GLP-1R

The present study was conducted on the Iraqi Pin-tailed Sandgrouse (Pterocles alchata) to study the lung's morphological description and histological structure. This study was used 5 samples of adult male sandgrouse bird. The birds were dissected. The lungs were removed from the coelomic cavity, cleaned to remove impurities, and photographed to describe their morphological features. The samples were fixed using formalin (10%) solution for 36-48 hours and then preserved in alcohol (70%) to prepare the microscopic slides. The results showed that the lung of the Iraqi sandgrouse bird is red in color, has a trapezoidal shape and has three surfaces (costal, visceral, and vertebral). The costal surface shows ribs impressions that extend f

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has evolved network management by detaching the control plane from the data forwarding plane, resulting in unparalleled flexibility and efficiency in network administration. However, the heterogeneity of traffic in SDN presents issues in achieving Quality of Service (QoS) demands and efficiently managing network resources. SDN traffic flows are often divided into elephant flows (EFs) and mice flows (MFs). EFs, which are distinguished by their huge packet sizes and long durations, account for a small amount of total traffic but require disproportionate network resources, thus causing congestion and delays for smaller MFs. MFs, on the other hand, have a short lifetime and are latency-sensitive, but they accou

ory and cytotoxic activities of M. peregrina seed ethanol extract (MPSE). Based on using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis MPSE is rich in flavonoids, isothiocyanate, tocopherols, triterpenoids, and phenolics compounds. The immunomodulatory effect of MPSE was determined on whole blood and polymorphonuclear (PMNs) cells and macrophages. The in vitro antiproliferative effect was determined on the non-small-cell lung cancer, NCI-H460, cell line. Real-time quantitative PCR and flow cytometry were used to determine the expression of apoptotic genes in the MPSE-treated NCI-H460 cells. MPSE significantly (p < 0.001) suppressed whole blood, PMN cells and macrophage ROS production with IC50 values of 40.3 ± 0.3, 33.0 ± 0.6, and 26.1 ±

Abstract This study explores the extent to which public relations (PR) departments within Traqj governmental institutions are integrating artificial intelligence (AI) applications into their communication activities. The research adresses the growing importanc of AI in enhancing administrative efficieney, communication transparency, and stakeholder engagement. Adopting a descriptive research design, the study relied on an electtonic questionnaire distributed to PR profesionals across various ministries and government bodies, collecting 100 valid responses. The indings reveal that while younger PR practitioners are actively embracing AI, older employees show limited engagement. Most participants acquired AI-related skills through self- learn

This review examines how artificial intelligence (AI) including machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and the Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming operations across exploration, production, and refining in the Middle Eastern oil and gas sector. Using a systematic literature review approach, the study analyzes AI adoption in upstream, midstream, and downstream activities, with a focus on predictive maintenance, emission monitoring, and digital transformation. It identifies both opportunities and challenges in applying AI to achieve environmental and economic goals. Although adoption levels vary across the region, countries such as Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Qatar are leading initiatives that align with global sustainability targets.

The utilization of carbon dioxide (CO₂) to enhance wellbore injectivity presents a cost-effective and sustainable strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions while improving reservoir performance. This study introduces an environmentally friendly method employing a water-soluble chitosan salt (CS) that generates a carbonated-rich acid solution upon contact with dry CO₂ at 25 °C and 508 psi. CS solutions (100–2000 ppm) were prepared and evaluated for CO₂ uptake, acid generation, and rheological behavior. Results show that 1000 ppm achieves an optimal CO2 uptake (2612 mg/l), with moderate viscosity increase (from 1.52 to 3.37 cp), while higher concentrations exhibit a sharp rise due to polymer-like network formation. Core floodi

   The region of Kirkuk and its surrounding areas, including (Baba, Jambour, Qara Chuq, Qaiyarah, Demir Dagh, Bai Hassan, Taq Taq, Makhul, Gilabat as well as southern Mosul and the cities of Erbil and Sulymania, are known as one of the oldest discovered oil fields in northern Iraq. This area presents a significant opportunity for further organic geochemical analysis to describe maturation zones and estimate economically generated hydrocarbons with particular reference to the Sargelu formation, to enhance hydrocarbons productivity. To assess the potential of these oil fields, it is essential to perform correlation, comparisons, and geochemical analyses of the data collected from exploration wells in the surrounding area. This appro

The permeability estimates for the uncored wells and a porosity function adopting a modified flow zone index-permeability crossplot are given in this work. The issues with implementing that approach were mostly crossplots, due to the influence of geological heterogeneity, did not show a clear connection (scatter data). Carbonate reservoir flow units may now be identified and characterized using a new approach, which has been formally confirmed. Due to the comparable distribution and flow of clastic and carbonate rock fluids, this zoning method is most effective for reservoirs with significant primary and secondary porosity. The equations and correlations here are more generalizable since they connect these variables by combining cor

يعكس البيت التقليدي أهمية كبيرة من الناحية الاجتماعية والثقافية، فهو يُمثِّل انعكاسا للتراث العربي والقيم العائلية، ويبرز استمرارية التراث في مواجهة تحديات الطبيعة كما يتأثر بالعوامل البيئية والتراثية والاجتماعية. نتيجة للالتزام بالمبادئ الإسلامية، ومراعاة للمناخ المحلي والعادات والتقاليد، يتم تصميم مساحات خاصة للعائلات، مع التركيز على الخصوصية للنساء خاصة في التصميم السكني التقليدي. وتُشكِّل الوحد

تُعدُّ العشوائيات من مقدمة المشاكل التي تعانيها الدول النامية, ونلاحظ اتساع نطاق هذه الظاهرة وتداعياتها في السنوات الأخيرة في العراق على وجه العموم وفي بغداد خاصة فكانت مساحة التجاوز لسنة 2013 (47.23 كم2) في حين أصبحت مساحة التجاوز لسنة 2022 (81.72 كم2) أي انها زادت الى الضعف تقريبا لذا اصبح من الضروري معالجة تلك الظاهرة وتقديم حلول ناجعة لما هو موجود على ارض الواقع والحد من انتشارها , ومن بين تلك الحلول هو تطبيق سياسة ا

Baghdad has a rich cultural and cultural heritage, as it has historically been a center of civilization and science and a destination for visitors from all over the world. However, the wars and conflicts that the region has witnessed in recent decades have negatively affected the tourism sector. The research problem stems from the unclear impact of the development of heritage paths in stimulating local economic activity and increasing the income of local communities.

The paper based on the premise that the development of heritage paths leads to strengthening the local economy and increasing income for local communities. The paper aims to determine the impact of heritage paths in stimulating economic activity and increasing the in

The research presents how various variables and factors interact and influence the urban form of the city over successive periods. Iraqi cities, like other cities, have witnessed numerous urban transformations due to the impact of several factors .One of the most prominent cities that embodied these changes is Baghdad, the current capital of Iraq, where the roots of its design and urban planning first emerged during the Abbasid period as a fortified circular city and a center of Islamic civilization, exemplifying power and authority.

The city subsequently faced a series of challenges and changes in rulers that affected its structural composition, leading to new transformations in its architectural structure influenced by the mode

أسهمت زيادة اعداد السكان في مدينة الحلة وإمكانية اقتناء السيارة لدى الكثير منهم في زيادة اعداد السيارات يوما بعد آخر ، مما أدى إلى زيادة معدل الرحلات التي يقوم بها سكان المدينة لمختلف الأغراض التي تتولد من اجلها الرحلات داخل  او خارج المدينة ، مما انعكس سلبا على شبكة الطرق والشوارع ،فأصبحت غير قادرة على أداء وظيفتها بالمستوى المطلوب ، لا سيما انها أنشأت في مرحلة سابقة لم تأخذ بعين الاهتمام الزيادة الكبير

Urban expansion has been identified as a causative factor for numerous environmental issues in urban areas, such as diminished air quality, elevated local temperatures, and poor water quality. This research aims to detect change in urban areas in Baghdad over a period of approximately 30 years, spanning from 1993 to 2023. The Landsat (TM5, ETM+7, and OLI8) images were used in this research. After performing image pre-processing, a supervised classification was used by the Support Vector Machine (SVM) to classify the images into five land cover classes, namely urban areas, water bodies, vegetation, soil, and wetlands. The classifications' accuracy assessment for the years 1993, 2003, 2013, and 2023 were 89%, 91%, 92%, and 90%, respectivel

تواجه المدن التاريخية المتضررة من النزاعات تحديات معقدة في مسارات إعادة الإعمار، تتعدَّى البُعد الفيزيائي إلى أبعاد اجتماعية ووظيفية وثقافية، مما يستدعي أطرًا تخطيطية جديدة تستوعب هذا التعقيد. تُركّز هذه الدراسة على مدينة الموصل القديمة، وتحديدًا محلة الجامع الكبير، باعتبارها نموذجًا حيًّا لموقع تراثي حضري تعرّض لتدمير واسع النطاق نتيجة الحرب، في ظل غياب رؤية تخطيطية مرنة تستوعب خصائص المكان وضرورات ا

ساهم تغير المناخ في العالم في زيادة عدد الدراسات التي تبحث في أساليب التخفيف من آثار تغير المناخ على المدن عموماً والمباني خصوصاً. تعاني المدن اليوم من مشاكل عديدة مرتبطة بهذه الظاهرة، كارتفاع درجات الحرارة والتصحر، لا سيما في المناطق الحارة والجافة، ونظرا الى التوجهات الحديثة في تصميم المباني بصورة عامة والادارية منها بصورة خاصة من تعدد الطوابق بصورة كبيرة واستعمال الاكساءات الزجاجية مما يعرض المبنى من

Transient displacement of laminated plates under combined load based on Mantari' s displacement field are investigated. The solution is implemented under transient mechanical load (sinusoidal, step and triangular sinusoidal distributed pressures pulse) and thermal buckling for plates with different layer orientation and thickness ratio. Equations of motion based on higher-order theory are derived through Hamilton' s principle, and solved using Naviertype solution for simply supported laminated plates. The results are presented for many effective parameters such as the number of laminate and orientation on the dynamic response of plates. Results show the validity of this displacement field in studying response of laminated thick and

كانت المجالس وما ا زلت تعقد فػي البيػوت او الػدواويف الرسػمية ينػاقش فيهػا المجتمعػوف امػوره الخاصػػة والعامػػة وقػػد اخػػذت هػػذ المجػػالس عمػػ عاتقهػػا نشػػر عمػو العممػػا والقصائد الشعرية والاخبار السياسية والفكاهية وكاف يحضرها مختمؼ ش ا رئح المجتمع ساعدت هػذ المجػالس عمػ حفػظ التػ ا رث العربػي الاسػلامي مػف مثُػؿ وقػي خمقيػة لكػف بسبب الفػتف المذهبيػة التػي سػادت المجتمػع فػي القػرف الخػامس الهجػري

Stability of laminated plate under thermal load varied linearly along thickness, is developed using a higher order displacement field which depend on a parameter “m”, whose value is optimized to get results closest to three-dimension elasticity results. Hamilton, s principle is used to derive equations of motion for laminated plates. These equations are solved using Navier-type for simply supported boundary conditions to obtain non uniform critical thermal buckling and fundamental frequency under a ratio of this load. Many design parameters of cross ply and angle ply laminates such as, number of layers, aspect ratios and E1/E2 ratios for thick and thin plates are investigated. It is observed that linear and uniform distribution of

Various literary studies have investigated the psychological, social and cultural effects of traumatic events. They give voice to traumatised victims and enable them to convey and confront their traumas. However, these studies present a one-sided view, concentrating largely on the presentation of trauma in the industrial societies of the Western world. Recently, increasing attention has been devoted to identifying and depicting the forms and types of trauma that have been experienced in marginalised and neglected societies, such as the Iraqi society. Iraq has witnessed the unexpected fall of a brutal dictatorship, Western invasion and an unprecedented rise of sectarian discourses. This extreme violence has deeply affected many aspec

Language and politics go hand in hand and learning and comprehending political genre is to learn a language created for codifying, extending and transmitting political discourse in any text/talk. Drawing upon the theoretical framework of Fairclough’s CDA and Rhetoric, the current study aims at investigating Donald Trump’s First Speech, from the point of frequency and functions of some rhetorical strategies (Parallelism, Anaphora and the Power of Three, Antithesis and Expletive, etc.), Nominalization, Passivization, We-groups and Modality as well as Lexical and Textual Analysis, presented to the UN delivered on Sep. 19, 2017. Specifically, the study seeks to determine: (1) how President Trump succeeded in conveying his notions an

5-((2,4-dibromo-6-((cyclohexyl(methyl)amino)methyl)phenyl)diazenyl)quinolin-8-ol azo ligand (L) has been synthesized through the reaction of diazonium salt for 2,4-dibromo-6-((cyclohexyl(methyl)amino)methyl)aniline with 8-hydroxyquinoline. The azo ligand (L) was characterized utilizing spectroscopic techniques, including FTIR, UV-Vis, 1H and 13C NMR, as well as mass spectrometry and micro-elemental analysis (C.H.N). Metal complexes containing Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) were synthesized and analyzed through mass spectrometry, flame atomic absorption, elemental analysis (C.H.N), infrared and UV-Vis spectroscopy, along with measurements of conductivity and magnetic properties. The experimental findings suggested that all met

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Abstract This study examines the working capital management