The present study is an attempt for detection of A. baumannii by conventional and PCR methods using species-specific primers for these A. baumannii. A total of 87 samples were collected from hospitals in Baghdad (Al-Rasafa and Al-Karkh Hospitals) during the period from 2019 to 2020.The samples included: 40 specimens, from wounds, respiratory infections (sputum), burns, CSF and 47 samples from the hospital environment (swabs), while samples collected from intensive care unit including patient beds, surgical instruments and appliances, emergency lobby and baby incubators. A. baumannii isolate identification depending on the morphologic characteristics on the culture media including, blood agar, MacConkey  agar, as well as t

A total of 335 suspected fecal sample were collected from calf of cattle and buffalo with age in between (3 days to 4 months) from middle area of Iraq between November 2016 to May 2017.

organic chmistry

Spanlastics are nanovascular drug delivery systems that use surfactants, including hydrophilic and hydrophobic medicines . Spanlastics enhance the ability of medicines to enter the body and provide a continuous release over extended periods . These vesicles possess a high degree of elasticity and flexibility , enabling to improve the transportation of medications through different methods of administrations . Box-behnken design was utilized to establish a relationship between the formulation parameters, specifically the amount of Span 60 , cremophor EL 40 and sonication time and important quality attributes , namely particle size , polydispersity index (PDI) and entrapment efficiency (EE%) . The spanlastic formulations were developed usi

One of the main obstacles to early pregnancy and assisted reproduction is embryo implantation failure. Endometrial receptivity and the interactions between the embryo and the mother determine implantation. The control of implantation involves several molecules. One such molecule is microRNA (miRNA), which is known to have a role in embryo implantation as a transcriptional regulator of gene expression. The current study evaluates the Expression level of miR-210 and miR-1226 with mucin-16 in infertile females under the IVF program and its influence on embryo implantation by measuring the fold change. This study included 26 successful implantations and 58 failed implantations under an in vitro fertilization program and 44 fertile females as

The research aimed to use the method of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection as a relatively modern therapeutic approach to improve the range of motion and reduce pain in Muay Thai players suffering from rotator cuff injuries in the shoulder joint. The research sample included (5) Muay Thai players with rotator cuff injuries in the shoulder joint, with an age of (23.43 ±0.64) years, a mass of (87.74 ±8.19) kg, and a height of (181.39 ±4.21) cm. Their injuries were diagnosed by specialized doctors. Platelet-rich plasma injections were administered once, with a prohibition on training and specific use of the injured joint for 3 days post-injection. Training was resumed after 2 weeks with moderate intensity, and they returned to their de

This work concentrates on the effect of a flex-skin trailing edge flap on the aerodynamic characteristics of SD7037 airfoil at low Reynolds numbers, in the range of 2^10 to 5^10 using computational methods. The study used a range of angle of attack (AOA) associated with the take-off phase and different flap angles. The numerical model was set up in Siemens STAR-CCM+ package using the κ-ω shear stress transport turbulence model and the (γ-Reθ) transition model which ensured the approximate solution of Navier-Stokes equations. The verification of the computational solution was done by the comparison with the available experimental data of the plain flap, and it was discovered that the results matched pretty well at lower AoAs. Results in

Background: Gallstone disease (GSD) is a significant global health burden with variable prevalence influenced by metabolic, genetic, and infectious factors. Increasing evidence suggests that Gram-positive bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus species, contribute to gallstone pathogenesis through enzymatic activity and biofilm formation. Objectives: To characterize Gram-positive bacteria within gallstones from Iraqi patients, evaluate their biofilm-forming capacity, and analyze the relationship between bacterial colonization, gallstone type, and cholesterol levels. Methods: A total of 100 gallstones were obtained from patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy between October 2024 and March 2025. Stones were

ان حـق التنميـة والتطـور مـن احلقـوق التـي طالبـت هبـا املجتمعـات الدوليـة كافـة السـيام بعـد احلــرب العامليــة الثانيــة، ولكــن العقوبــات االقتصاديــة التــي فرضــت عــى العــراق مل تراعــي حقــه يف التنميــة فبعــد ان كان العــراق يتجــه نحــو التقــدم والتطــور يف منطقــة الــرق االوســط عــاد إىل التدهـور والضعـف بسـبب فـرض العقوبـات االقتصاديـة عليـه مـن قبـل املجتمـع الـدويل ، ونظـرا المهي

المستودع الرقمي العراقي. مركز المعلومات الرقمية التابع لمكتبة العتبة العباسية المقدسة

This article aims to investigate how war contributes to the pollution of water bodies with harmful substances including heavy metals and toxic substances. The paper explains how these pollutants, carelessly dumped by military operations, have severely damaged the water quality of rivers and lakes all across Iraq. Based on the Jassim River as case study, the paper shows a close relationship between military operations and pollution. Shown is the effects of this pollution on local ecosystems like fish and wildlife, and human population, dependent on the river for drinking, irrigation, and other basic needs. The article reveals the problem of military waste in Iraq, focusing on the absence of satisfactory waste disposal techniques and

The study aimed to design resistance training for discus throwers, identify their starting and performance variables, and examine the effect of resistance training on developing these variables. The researchers employed an experimental approach with two equivalent groups using pre- and post-tests, suitable for the research problem. The research population included female athletes participating in the Iraqi Athletics Clubs and Institutions Championship in November 2022, with 13 participants. Eight athletes were selected based on achievement levels and research requirements. They were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group (4 athletes) training with resistance according to a graduated bumper network, and a control group (4

      The aim of the research is to identify the effect of exercises with blended learning according to the sequential and random exercise and learning the skills of settings and receiving the serve with volleyball for students in the fifth grade of middle school. The importance of the research comes in developing the skills of setting and receiving the serve with volleyball in the physical education lesson for the fifth stage of middle school through blended learning and by scheduling the sequential exercise. random exercise, the research problem revolved around the fact that the performance is not at the required level among students at this stage in learning how to perform volleyball skills. This is due to the fact that most of t

This study aimed to develop a guidance program based on reality therapy and construct a scale to measure motivation toward playing volleyball among first-year middle school students at Al-Mustafa Boys’ School. The counseling sessions sought to enhance students’ motivation to engage in volleyball. The research question focused on whether motivation could be increased through the proposed program. To achieve this, the researcher used an experimental design with two equivalent groups experimental and control employing pre- and post-tests. The study population consisted of 250 students across five classes in the 2023–2024 academic year. After administering the motivation scale, a purposive sample of 40 students with the lowest scores w

This study investigates the effect of interactive video analysis on the acquisition of dribbling skills in basketball among first-year students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Baghdad. A sample of 50 students was divided into an experimental group (n=25) receiving training with interactive video analysis and a control group (n=25) trained using traditional methods. The Johnson Basketball Dribble Test was administered as pre- and post-tests over an 8-week intervention (December 2024 to April 2025). Results showed significant improvements in both groups, with the experimental group demonstrating greater gains in dribbling speed and accuracy (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.32). The findings highlight t

The research aimed to prepare and apply third zone intensity training for 50-meter freestyle swimmers, examining its impact on the speed strength of the arms, some biochemical indicators, and the completion time for 50 meters freestyle. The researcher hypothesized that there would be statistically significant differences between pre- and post-test results for the experimental and control groups in arm speed strength, biochemical indicators, and completion time. The experimental method involved a design with both experimental and control groups, consisting of 11 swimmers from the Army Club participating in the 2024/2025 sports season, selected intentionally with a 100% comprehensive approach. After determining the tests and preparing the

This research is concerned with the effect of learning on movement activity to develop groundstroke (Forehand and backhand) tennis skills for 14 year age group female players at Diyala specialized Center of Baghdad. The study was conducted with two groups (experimental and control), one of which was taught using motor activity based instructional modules, while the other was taught through traditional teaching techniques. Analysis included before and after for each set of skills. The results showed that the experimental group was able to achieve a significantly better improvement in accuracy and consistency than the control group, thanks to variety of practice including immersion in practical experience. This made them even more

This research aimed to develop two measurement scales (i.e., one for the assessment of Unrealistic Optimism and another of Cognitive Intuition) and investigate the levels in young athletes, specifically from track and field. Furthermore, the study sought to examine whether there was a link between unrealistic optimism and cognitive intuition. The researcher tested the following the hypothesis: there is a significant relationship between both scales. A descriptive correlational approach was used, and the study sample included 198 young track and field athletes from clubs in Baghdad at season (2024 /2025). A purposeful sampling was used with 8 athletes as a pilot sample, 100 athletes for scale construction and 90 for main applica

The purpose of the study is to uncover the reality of women empowerment in leadership positions in Iraqi sport institutions by identifying the most significant inhibitors and contributors driving participation. They employed descriptive survey and sampled 211 female employees at the Ministry of Youth and Sports, Olympic Committee, as well as sports federations. It was discovered that cultural and social constrains are still the greatest obstacle (80%) for women’s empowerment, weak support from institution along with no genderfriendly organizational environments restrained their progress. Additionally, a dearth of Iraqi sports institutions necessitates an all-inclusive process that increases social awareness, develops better ins

This study aimed to identify the effect of group exercises using repetitive training on the speed endurance of under-21 football players. The researcher used a set of group exercises on a sample of 32 under-21 players from the Electrical Industries Club, with a mean age of 20.4. The players were divided into two groups, an experimental group and a control group, each consisting of 14 players. A comparison was then conducted between the two groups to ensure the validity of the starting line. The exercises were then implemented with two training sessions per week, totaling eight training sessions over a month. These exercises were applied to the players during their special preparation phase. After conducting the main experiment

 This research aimed to investigate the impact of Using wearable technology for improving backhand stroke among students of Physical Education and Sports Science, in University of Baghdad. It aimed at assessing better performance with respect to stroke accuracy, feeling and reduction of vibrations, as well as being capable to provide real-time feedback on the student's quality of movement with wearable sensors. An experiment designed conducted with the sample 24 novice students (12 experimental, 12 control) during intervention period of 8 weeks. The experimental group received real-time biomechanical feedback using wearable sensors, whereas the control group underwent conventional training. Accuracy, speed and vibration were evaluated b

Through the researcher's field follow-up and his knowledge of the wrestling game, he noticed that the level of performance of wrestling players is not at the required level. From the researcher's point of view, he sees that one of the reasons for this is due to their distraction as a result of the many variables present during the game. Therefore, the researcher decided to design special exercises in order to develop some mental aspects such as selective attention, which is the most important mental process and skill performance of the player. The aim of the research was to prepare special exercises and know their effect on selective attention and the performance of the lifting skill for wrestling players aged under (16) years. It was as

This research aims to clarify the importance of practicing sports and its role in improving the lifestyle of university students. By understanding how sports contribute to strengthening social relationships within the academic community and enhancing the physical and mental health of university students, sports have become an effective tool in the modern era. They are not limited to entertainment or amusement but also contribute to building the character of university students, enhancing their interactive abilities, and instilling moral values such as cooperation, tolerance, and discipline. The study highlights the historical background of sports, starting from the civilizations of the Mesopotamian Valley, thru the Islamic civilization,

The study is interested in examining the organizational reputation of the Women's Committee at the Iraqi Football Association. Description of Work The descriptive design was conducted on a community sample of 218 Iraqi Football Association population. The researchers utilized a questionnaire as a data collection instrument and included 5 domains including leadership, creativity culture and structure; public relations capability, quality of performance and governance in their instrument. The findings demonstrated an acceptable level of institutional image for the women's committee altogether (firms and organizations) which would suggest that constructive measures have been taken regarding performance enhancement and promotion of s

            this study sport-related anxiety is explored by examining its influence on performance of young goalkeepers (under 20 year) in relation to key skills such as shot-stopping, positioning and reaction speed. The study population will be drawn from youth club teams in the Baghdad Governorate by experience and performance to achieve objectivity and generality. The study includes the 2023–2024 year sports season (preparation, training, competition periods) with measurements at different times to measure the effects of anxiety in various contexts. Information will come from local clubs and training centers that focus on the development of goalkeeper skills. The use of psychological measurements to ascertain anxiet

         The participation in the rehabilitation of injuries among athletes and non-athletes from various sports, as well as the prevention and reduction of sports injuries and the restoration of athletes to their pre-injury condition, represent a fundamental goal in the sports field. Progressive rehabilitative exercises, applied from simple to complex, play a crucial role in restoring function and reducing pain among injured athletes. This study aimed to design and implement rehabilitation sessions composed of targeted exercises to treat partial Achilles’ tendon rupture in football players and to examine the differences between pre- and post-tests in static strength and balance. Using an experimental one-group pre–post desig

            The study aimed to investigate the effect of individual long jump slops and its effect on some biomechanical variables of U20 of triple jump. It is hypothesized that there is statistically significant difference between the results of the pre and posttests in the biomechanical variables of U20 of triple jumps. To achieve the aim of the study, one group pre-test post-test experimental design is used. A sample of (6) triple jump players under 20 years from the specialized schools of the Ministry of Youth and Sports, is non-randomly chosen during the academic year (2023-2024). The pilot study was carried out to on Tuesday and Wednesday (10/24/2023) at 4:00 p.m. at the Ministry of Youth and Sports stadiums on a group o

Purpose of the research was to determine sustainable development degree in besiege youth and sports from performance level of directors forum about employees perspective according to Baghdad. A case study was adopted on a randomly selected sample of 316 (28.546% of the original calculation) members of the population that are working officially in the digit youth and sport forum staff in Baghdad for employees ' year represented workers employed officially to its affiliates in 2023. They are located within an overall 1,107 members of staff spread across three forums and constitute the focus of the research problem. A minority exploratory sample of 9 subjects, that represented 0.813% of the original population was also randomly sele

            The study aimed to develop plyometric exercises with a proposed device to enhance reaction speed and defensive movement in basketball players under the age of 18. The researchers used an experimental approach, employing an equivalent control-experimental group design and conducting pre- and post-tests. The research sample was selected from Al-Nu'maniya Sports Club's youth category (under 18 years old). The results of the pre- and post-tests were presented, analyzed, and discussed using data processing methods. The researchers concluded that plyometric exercises with the proposed device had a positive impact on enhancing reaction speed and defensive movement in players under 18 years old. They also recommended sever

Sports Medicine is unique as the injuries and treatments require specialized considerations in both diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. The frequency of these injuries has increased in athletes, especially in sports that require contact with the opponent, like basketball. This study is important in that it intends to be able to perform pain-free training until the back to baseline with physiotherapy devices, isometric exercises and moderate progressive load increases from easy to difficult. The following is the central research question: because some injuries are such that a patient cannot have control of a given range of motion, and this will weaken the knee. Precisely, there is a critical demand to develop targeted rehabilita