Theobromine, theophylline, and caffeine retention times in a C₁₈ HPLC column (stationary phase) were investigated as a function of mobile phase flow rate, mobile phase composition, and column temperature. When the mobile phase flow rate increased from 0.1 to 1 mL/min and the methanol concentration increased from 5 to 30%, the retention time and peak width of these three compounds were found to be reduced. While there was a small influence of increasing the mobile phase flow rate on the resolution, decreasing the methanol concentration in the mobile phase considerably reduced the resolution. In addition, the mobile phase flow rate and composition were determined to have a more significant impact than the column temperature

   Recently, one of the most crucial objectives for the petroleum refining industries is producing clean or eco-friendly fuel. The world demands clean diesel utilizing simple processes under safe conditions (i.e., moderate operating conditions). For this purpose, an oscillatory helical baffled reactor (OHBR) was designed to improve the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process, which is achieved here by converting sulfur compounds found in diesel fuel using a new homemade nanocatalyst. First, the homemade catalyst support, γ-alumina nanoparticles, was prepared using precipitation technology. The γ-Al₂O₃ was then used to design the synthetic nanocatalyst made of iron oxide using the IWI technology with 5% Fe_2<

Autopsy study of 218 (106 male and 112 female) animals slaughtered in Baghdad ( Al-ZAWRA ) Zoo, of central Iraq (Diyala, Wasit, Baghdad) .The total infection rate of Setaria equina was 11.9% and the highest infection rate (22.2%) was recorded in October, where is no infection in January, February and August. It has been observed that the high infection rate (14.5%) during the months of spring and autumn (18.8%) and decrease in winter and summer 3.6% and 10%. Female donkeys with a higher proportion (13.5%) than male10.3% respectively differences ( P < 0.05 ).Worm intensity ranged between 1-6 worm and was shown high worm burden in Autumn and Spring fallowed by Summer and finally Winter seasons, which no infection was recorded in some mo

Two oil wells were tested to find the abnormal pressure zones using sonic log technique. We found that well Abu-Jir-3 and Abu-Jir-5 had an abnormal pressure zones from depth 4340 to 4520 feet and 4200 to 4600 feet, respectively. The maximum difference between obtained results and the field measured results did not exceed 2.4%.
In this paper, the formation pressures were expressed in terms of pressure gradient which sometimes reached up to twice the normal pressure gradient.
Drilling and developing such formations were dangerous and expensive.
The plotted figures showed a clear derivation from the normal trend which confirmed the existence of abnormal pressure zones.

This article proposes a current mode inverting and non-inverting Schmitt trigger circuit, which utilizes a Current Follower Transconductance Amplifier (CFTA) and its application in square and triangular wave generators. The hysteresis of a Schmitt trigger is directly influenced by the process variations and transistor mismatches. This issue is more challenging in applications where the level of noise and disturbances is not predictable. To overcome this deficiency, Schmitt triggers with tunable hysteresis can be used as a practical solution. The suggested circuit consists of a single CFTA analog building block laterally with one grounded resistor. The grounded resistor makes the realization of the above-mentioned circuit

The Fauqi field is located about 50Km North-East Amara town in Missan providence in Iraq. Fauqi field has 1,640 MMbbl STOIIP, which lies partly in Iran. Oil is produced from both Mishrif and Asmari zones. Geologically, the Fauqi anticline straddles the Iraqi/Iranian border and is most probably segmented by several faults. There are several reasons leading to drilling horizontal wells rather than vertical wells. The most important parameter is increasing oil recovery, particularly from thin or tight reservoir permeability. The Fauqi oil field is regarded as a giant field with approximately more than 1 billion barrels of proven reserves, but it has recently experienced low production rate problems in many of its existing wells. This study

   تعد جرثومتي (M.haemolytica و P.multocida ) من العوامل الرئيسة المسببة لأمراض الجهاز التنفسي في الابقار والاغنام والماعز و أحد اهم أسباب الخسائر الاقتصادية التي لحقت بهذه الحيوانات. استخدمت اللقاحات المتاحة تجاريا للوقاية من الاصابات التي تسببها هاتين الجرثومتين , لذلك كان الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تقييم كفاءة الحماية التصالبية لنوعين من اللقاحات لحماية الفئران ضد جرثومة M.haemolytica  وذلك من خلال دراسة المناعة الخل

Abstract

The current research aims to identify the typical effect of Flower and Coscroft on expressive performance and the development of lateral thinking among literary fifth-grade students. To achieve the research objective, the researcher chose a sample of (90) female students from the fifth literary grade, with two experimental groups and a control group. The research groups are of six subjects. The research found that the two experimental groups have more expressive performance than the control group. Students of the first experimental group outperformed the students of the second experimental group in expressive performance and lateral thinking tests. In light of the findings of the research, the researcher

This current research aims to reveal the difference between the levels of teaching expertise of physics teachers according to the years of service by answering the following question: does the educational skill level of physics teachers work according to the service? The sample of the study consisted of (225) physics teachers by (125) females (56%), and (100) males (44%), distributed on (4) education directorates in Baghdad governorate on both sides of al-Karkh and al-Rusafa. In order to achieve the aim of the study, the researcher prepared a note card for expertise teaching, consisting of (39) paragraphs distributed into (5) fields. The apparent validity and reliability of the card were verified through an agreement (the researcher hers

The proliferation of electronic games, video games and computers has caused children and teenagers to become attracted to these games and become their favorite entertainment. The widespread of these games has generated widespread debate about positive aspects and negative aspects. It is evident that there are two main trends in the impact of electronic games on the behavior of children and adolescents. The first trend is that e-games have positive effects on children and adolescents, especially in cognitive abilities and skills in learning. While the second view sees that electronic games have negative effects that appear in social isolation and lack of movement and aggression. Through the review of previous literature, the current resea

This work was conducted to study the oxidation of phenol in aqueous solution using copper based catalyst with zinc as promoter and different carrier, i.e. γ-Alumina and silica. These catalysts were prepared by impregnation method.
The effect of catalyst composition, pH (5.6-9), phenol to catalyst concentration ratio (2-0.5), air feed rate (30-50) ml/s, stirring speed (400-800) rpm, and temperature (80-100) °C were examined in order to find the best conditions for phenol conversion.
The best operating conditions which lead to maximum phenol conversion (73.1%) are : 7.5 pH, 4/6 phenol to catalyst concentration, 40 ml/s air feed rate, 600 rpm stirring speed, and 100 °C reaction temperature. The reaction involved an induction period

        يأخذ هذا النوع من الدراسات أهميته في مجال الدراسات التاريخية لاسيما انه يقوم على أساس البحث والتقصي عن بعض الظواهر في المعاجم كونها  تمثل المصدر الأساسي الذي وجدنا فيه الجزء الأعظم من  تلك المادة المفقودة لكتاب النبات لابو حنيفة الدينوري.

This research was aimed at analyzing the saving behavior of Saudi households in AL-HASA governorate, the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. Data was collected via questionnaire randomly distributed to a sample of 308 Saudi households. The poverty line income was estimated as equivalent to break-even level in saving function, was estimated at 10500 Saudi Riyals per month. Using OLS method consumption and saving functions for Saudi households in AL-HASA governorate were estimated.  The marginal propensity to save for poor was higher than that of non-poor households with a statistically significant difference of about 0.35. This indicates that poor households are more willing to save compared to non-poor households if income incre

To evaluate the impact of two medicinal plants Quercus infectoria and Astragalus eriocephalus on digestibility, milk yield, its compositions and economic efficiency, twenty eight lactating Awassi ewes at their mid-lactation were selected based on their pre-treatment milk yield, were divided into four groups and fed ration containing 1% Gall oak, 2% Astragalus, 0.5% Gall oak with 1% Astragalus, and Control. Twelve ewe lambs were used to study the effect of rations on the digestibility. Herbal active compounds were obtained by GC-MS analysis. Results revealed that fifty-six and twenty-four compounds identified in Astragalus eriocephalus and Quercus infectoria samples, with the major compound bein

This study was performed at a private orchard in the Ekmale area of Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, during the seasons of 2016 and 2017 to investigate the effects of foliar sprays of three concentrations of aminoplasmal (0, 100, 200 ml.L⁻¹), three concentrations of boron (0, 200, 300 mg. L⁻¹) and three concentrations of zinc (0, 400, 600 mg. L⁻¹) on fruit set and yield characteristics of 14-years old "Halaby" pistachio. The factorial experiment within randomized complete block design was used. Foliar spraying of studied elements was applied at twice during growing seasons. The res

Mg/Fe layered double hydroxides (LDH) as highly effective clay adsorbents coating activated carbon derived from agricultural waste (AW) were prepared by activation of date palm leaf base (LB) synthesized on Mg/Fe layered double hydroxides. FTIR, SEM and EDS were used to characterize the obtained adsorbent for the copper removal from aqueous solutions. The evaluation of adsorption performances was carried out at various metal concentrations, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and pH. The pseudo-second-order kinetic and the Langmuir isotherm model showed a good compliance with the experimental data, the result demonstrated that the improving adsorption capacity and fast rating adsorption for Cu²⁺ resulted from successful in

This study was aimed to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases from diesel engines used in agriculture. Indicators are provided for a technical assessment of the efficiency of exhaust gas cleaning for diesel engines that have a significant impact on agricultural crops. A scheme for the installation of a common device to reduce the exhaust toxicity of diesel engines on the YaMZ-238 engine was described during the test and a research methodology is presented. The main results obtained during the improved toxicity testing device installed on the ULTZ-700 tractor are given with the YaMZ-238 engine, which fully reflects the efficiency of cleaning emissions. The reliability graphs are designed to characterize cleaning ef

A field study was conducted to observe the effects of chemical fruit thinning and their time of application on fruit yield and quality of date palm cv. Khalas at Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. Fourteen date palm trees were randomly selected for the experiment, which was laid out on two-factorial randomized complete block design having six replicates for each treatment. Factor-one comprised of the six chemical (ammonium thiosulphate at 1, 2, and 3% and ethephon at 100, 200 and 300ppm) excluding control, whereas the second factor was the time of application of these two chemical thinners (5 and 10 days after pollination). The findings of this study indicated that the chemical fruit th

The aim of this study was to estimate the profit and cost functions as well as economic, price, cost, and technical efficiencies beside the other economic indices at actual, optimal and profit-maximizing output of rice. A random sample of 240 rice  farms in Nejaf province was used during the agricultural season 2016. From efficiency scales of profit function, it was shown that the output quantity had the greatest impact on the profit compared to other variables (average output costs and price). According to the cost function, the optimum output level and the profit- maximizing output  level for the short run were 64.84 tons and 117.4 tons respectively. The lowest price

The aim of this study was extraction of jojoba oil using different solvents. A mixture of water-hexane and water-ethanol are used as solvents to extract jojoba oil in a batch extraction process and compared with a pure solvent extraction process. The effects of particle size of crushed seeds, solvent-to-water ratio and time on jojoba oil extraction were investigated. The best recovery of oil was obtained at the boiling temperature of the solvent and four hour of extraction time. When seed particle size was 0.45 mm and a pure ethanol was used (45% yield of oil extraction), whereas, it was 40% yield of oil at 25% water- hexane mixture. It was revealed that the water-ethanol and water-hexane mixtures have an effect on the oil extrac

مثل عام 1875 نقطة الذروة في حركة التحرر في البوسنة والهرسك ضد السيطرة العثمانية، إذ اندلعت في هذه السنة انتفاضة فلاحية عارمة شملت معظم الولاية، وتسببت بأزمة عالمية استمرت حتى عام 1878 عرفت بالأزمة الشرقية، وفتحت من جديد قضية المسألة الشرقية العويصة، وأملاك الرجل المريض، التي كانت قد هُـدِئَتْ نسبياً بمؤتمر باريس 1856.

في الوقت الذي كانت فيه القوى القومية والتحررية تنخر في كيان الدولة العثمانية من الداخل، أخ

This experiment conducted for studying the effects of crushed cinnamon and ginger to the diet at levels 0.1, 0.3, 0.6% in the bacterial growth of gastrointestinal tract of the quail. Ninety birds one day age divided randomly into ten transactions as 9 birds per treatment (three birds per duplicate). The numbers of bacteria, total aerobic bacteria in the colon of feces of birds were calculated, the results showed a significant reduction in the number of aerobic bacteria and the numbers of bacteria in the colon. Proportionally increase in the levels of crushed cinnamon, ginger, individually or in combination in comparison the control group showed influence inhibitory to the numbers of bacteria in the colon and aerobic bacteria when you add

الخلفية :تعتبر الحالة المؤكدة من عدوى فايروس ( H1N1 ) لشخص يعاني من أعراض تشبه الإنفلونزا ويؤكد الفحص المختبري وجود فايروس ( H1N1 ) عن طريق فحص تفاعل البلمرة المتسلسل - الوقت الحقيقي RT- PCR أو زرع الفيروس .

 أهداف الدراسة : لتحديد الخواص الديموغرافية والوبائية والسريرية لإنفلونزا H1N1 في الأطفال الذين أدخلوا المستشفى يعانون من اعراض الانفلونزااثناء فترة الوباء.

      Semiotics has been through wide experiences in various human sciences, especially in the fields of poetry, novel and myths. But its interest in the theatre and drama was much less and unique despite the richness of the theatrical connection as it is a probable field for the semiotic investigation which may require the semiotic approach in dealing with the theatrical and dramatic show during the two processes of: structural construction and deconstruction starting from a set of overlapping and interconnected texts inside the show, which can be limited in the text, then it would be difficult to semiotically cover all these complex and tricky texts. The theatre in its structural and aesthetic construction is c

Objective(s): Assess the effectiveness of osteoporosis prevention instruction program on nursing college students’
knowledge at Baghdad University.
Methodology: A quasi-experimental design was used to assess the effectiveness of osteoporosis prevention
instruction program on nursing college students at University of Baghdad from April 2011 to September 2011. A
random sample consisted of (40) females students from first year of Nursing College \ Baghdad University. The data
was collected by using constructed questionnaire, which consists of three parts. Part one: consists of demographic
information and health characteristics .Part two: consists of students’ daily life behaviors which include, dietary
behaviors, an

الخلاصة:

خلفية البحث: تعتبر الرعشات من أكثر مشاكل الحركة شيوعًا في الممارسة السريرية. وتعرف ب التذبذبات المتكررة واللاإرادية. يمكن أن تستغرق عملية التشخيص لمرضى الرعاش وقتًا طويلاً ومعقدة ، لأن تحديد الرعاش الأساسي وتمييزه عن الأنواع الأخرى من الرعاش يمكن أن يكون مستهلكًا للوقت ومعقدًا.

الأهداف: باستخدام التخطيط الكهربائي السطحي للعضلات ومقياس التسارع ، هدفت ه

Education quality evaluation is one of the objectives of education quality. The evaluation includes assessing the education standards and academic program outcomes to develop intellectual, scientific and practical concepts for the educational structure. It considers the determination of the rates of the number of accepted students and graduates. The research focuses on "what are the levels of education quality according to the evaluation mechanisms in the design department" to enhance the quality system and the objectives of theoretical and applied education.
It is identifying the levels of education quality and evaluating it according to the numbers and rates of graduate students of the design department branches for morning and ev

خلفية البحث: تعد متلازمة تكيس المبايض حالة مرضية مرتبطة بعدم الأباضة وزيادة الأندروجينات. تعاني مريضة تكيس المبايض سريرياً من عدم انتظام الدورة الشهرية، العقم، وظهور الشعر. والنساء اللاتي تعاني من هذه الأعراض تكون أكثر عرضة للأصابة بالمتلازمة الأيضية.

الهدف من الدراسة: دراسة مظاهر المتلازمة الأيضية لدى النساء المصابات بتكيس المبايض.

ا

المقدمة: أن واحدة من الأسباب الرئيسية لضعف الحركة بعد الاصابة بالسكتة الدماغية هو التقلص غير الطبيعي للعضلات المشلولة . اقترحت العديد من الدراسات أن التقلص غير المتوافق للعضلات  قد تترافق مع تعزيز النقل العصبي في السبيل الوارد في مجموعة احادي المشبك (Ia) في الطرف المصاب للمرضى بعد الاصابة بالسكتة الدماغية و المنعكسات العصبية لمجموعة احادي المشبك (Ia) قد ارتفعت بشكل غير طبيعي و فشلت في