The recent trend towards the use of a blockchain as a means to guarantee the security of health data has raised concerns with regard to its applicability in Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios due to computationally heavy primitives (e.g. hashing functions) and lack of scalability. As a solution to this problem, this article introduces Rabbit-256: an addition–rotation–XOR-based sponge construction derived from the Rabbit stream cipher that is twisted and adapted to a lightweight hash function, suitably adapted for distributed solutions in healthcare systems with a blockchain nature. Rabbit-256 is a lightweight encryption cipher that wears the mask of a hash function but with better diffusion and avalanche through an official buildup i

تناول البحث موضوعاً مهماً وحيوياً لارتباطه بحياة المواطن العراقي ارتباطاً وثيقاً ألا وهو الوضع الاقتصادي لذلك وقف على أهم مقومات هذا الوضع وهي الزراعة، والصناعة، والتجارة، والضرائب والسكة، كما وقف على أهم المشكلات التي أدت إلى تدهور هذه المقومات، فضلاً عن وقوفه على العوامل التي كان لها الأثر البالغ في تراجع الوضع الاقتصادي في العراق، وما أدت إليه من مشاكل أثرت بصورة مباشرة على حياة الفرد ومن ثم المجتمع .

حرص ملوك بلاد الرافدين في مختلف العصور على كسب ود الآلهة والتقرب اليها من طريق تحقيق ما تريدهُ وبما ان الملك وكيلاً ونائباً للإله على الارض فكان المسؤول المباشر على المعابد التي تعتبر مساكن خاصة للآلهة ، لذا لفتت عناية الملوك للاعتناء بها وبناء معابد جديدة وترميم القديمة منها ونقش اسمائهم على جدرانها من اجل توثيق اعمالهم فيما يخص المعابد وعُدّ بناء المعابد في بلاد الرافدين من الأعمال المقدسة التي تتطلب الق

• ناقش المؤلف الدراسات والنظريات والمذاهب الغربية التي تناولت مفهوم الدولة إذ تركز اهتمامه على النظرية الليبرالية، والنظرية الهيغلية المثالية، فالماركسية وصولا إلى الوجودية.
• أن المؤلف لم يتعامل مع هذه النظريات والمذاهب الغربية بالوصف والتشخيص وحسب، وإنما حاول مناقشتها على مستوى التصور وعلى مستوى الواقع، ومن ثمة، نقدها ومحاولة الخروج باستنتاجات واضحة بينة، ومحاولة تبين نظرة كلّ مذهب للدولة.

تعد الصيغ التاريخية أحدى أنظمة تدوين التاريخ التي أعتمدها العراقيون القدماء أذا أعطوا لكل سنة أسماً  يمثل حادثه وقعت أما في السنة السابقة أو في بداية السنة الحالية وقد ابتدأوه باستخدام هذه الطريقة منذ العصر الاكدي وحتى نهاية العصر البابلي القديم  بسقوط مدينة بابل سنة 1595 ق.م وفي العصر الكاشي كان التاريخ بسني الملوك  وبقي متبعاً  الى العصر السلوقي عندما أتخذ  العام 311 ق.م  عهداً ثابتاً  يؤرخ ب

تهدف الدراسة إلى إبراز دور حزبي الاشتراكي والمؤتمر في الوحدة اليمنية 78/1982م ـ 1990م، واقتضت الدراسة استخدام المنهج التاريخي والمنهج الوصفي التحليلي، إذ احتوت الدراسة على ستة محاور ومدخل تمهيدي وخاتمة، تضمن التمهيد: التطور السياسي الذي شهدته اليمن بعد نجاح ثورة السادس والعشرين من ايلول 1962م، أما المحور الأول: الدور الوحدوي للجبهة القومية، وتضمن المحور الثاني: الحزب الاشتراكي اليمني ودوره الوحدوي، في

   ان اغلب الدول التي قامت في المشرق الاسلامي قامت على انقاض الدول التي كانت قبلها، وكذلك الامر مع الدولة الخوارزمية، وكان علاء الدين تكش على مقدرة عالية في ادارة الامور، وبذلك نجده يحاول استغلال الثغرات التي يقع فيها الاخرين لصالحه، كما حصل مع اخيه سلطان محمود، وكذلك في استغلاله للصراع القائم بين الخلافة العباسية وبين السلاجقة لصالحه من اجل انهاء الدولة السلجوقية.

اشتهرت الاعظمية باحتوائها على العديد من المعالم والمباني التراثية التي ساهمت في ابراز خصائصها الجوهرية وقدرتها الابداعية الجمالية للمعمار العراقي لاسيما مباني البلاط الملكي والمقبرة الملكية اللذان اصبحا يمثلان طرازاً فريداً جمع ما بين الحداثة والاسلوب التقليدي من حيث الشكل والبناء في تخطيط عمراني تعيش فيه روح الحضارة العربية الاسلامية بكل ابعادها وموروثها الحضارية واصبحا معالماً بارزاً ذات قيمة

Whilst wireless communication technologies proliferate, putting extra demand on the finite radio frequency spectrum and leading to issues of congestion, underutilisation and interference, this dissertation presents a modern spectrum management model on the binary genetic algorithm (BGA) capable of improving detection accuracy and adaptive spectrum access in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). BGA follows binary encoding to determine optimum weighting factors for secondary users in a CRN scenario with a much faster performance and better reliability than conventional genetic approaches. In the cooperative spectrum-sensing scheme proposed in this paper, multiple secondary users will forward their local sensing outcomes to a fusion centre in w

Traffic lights operating on a fixed schedule are mostly time-consuming; for example, running green signals in the absence of vehicles, leading to a buildup of long queues at red lights. This inefficiency results in congestion in cities, contributes to delays and economic losses and intensifies pollution levels. In this study, a deep learning-based adaptive image processing traffic light control system for real-time dynamic regulation of signals was proposed. Different from typical sensor-based solutions, the proposed method uses established surveillance cameras, enabling cost-efficient deployment and easy installation. A YOLOv10-based detection model identifies and classifies vehicles by type, applying weight factors to effectively estim

This study presents the preparation method and characterisation of activated carbon (AC) from pomegranate waste by using chemical with microwave activation. Pomegranate peels in powder form were impregnated in 40–60 %wt sulphuric acid with different ratios (1:3 of pomegranate to sulphuric acid) and times (2–6 h) for chemical activation. The impregnated samples were activated in microwave under inert atmosphere at different powers (450–900 W) and activation times (7–21 min) to produce AC. Design-Expert software (version 13) was selected with the I-optimal method to analyse the effects of AC preparation variables. The preparation variables, including acid concentration, impregnation time, impregnation rat

يعد ابن ابي زيد القيرواني احد علماء القيروان من حيث المنبت والنشأة وقضى عمره فيها حتى وافاه الاجل ، ولد سنة ٣١٠ ه وتوفي سنة ٣٨٦ ه ، نال الشهرة من خلال علمه في العالم الإسلامي والعربي  الا أن عقيدته لم تأخذ نصيبها الكافي من الاشتهار في المعرفة والكتابة  لذا احببت  القيام على هذه الدراسة لإيضاح آرائه الفقهية والتاريخية ومكانته بين أهل السنة والجماعة على قدر الوسع .

كانت مؤلفاته مستمدة من كتاب الله وس

The aim of this research to study the role of modern communication technologies in improving agricultural extension work in middle Iraqi governorates by providing infrastructure to use modern communication technologies in Agricultural extension work , support agricultural extension system to transform agricultural work to electronic government , electronic management of human resources , extension services introduced for the targeted people through internet  and the contribution of modern communication technologies in improving agricultural work .The population of the research includes the middle region governorates numbered (8) governorates .Anbar and Tikret were excluded because of the security conditions in the time of da

Iran is a part of the secondary center of origin of melons, and therefore, there is a wealth of genetic variation of these species in this country. In this work, 14 morphological traits were studied in order to select the most discriminating traits. Significant difference among accessions was revealed for almost quantitative traits. KMO coefficient obtained was 0.723 that is explaining of appropriation of this test. The results of the principal component analysis (PCA) for the morphological traits indicated that the first three PCs explained 53.46% of the total variation. Principal component analysis results (PCA) for morphometric data indicated that samples of Semnan and Khorasan showed high degree of  variation and were hi

A project to develop new maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds from inbred populations, crossed, and tested for performance. The project elapsed six seasons, 3 spring and 3 full plantings during 2015-2017. Newly developed inbreds showed significant grain yield increase as compared to the cross of its progenitor inbred. An increase of 2 t ha^-1 was obtained with one of the new inbreds. The crosses obtained were evaluated in field trials with a registered hybrid (60×21). Method of selection counts on a unique plant trait in the inbred population, such as longer ear, thicker ear diameter, stay-green leaves, large kernel, and so on. The merit obtained due to hybrid vigor could be attributed to parental inbreds that have hig

Field experiment was conducted at field of Fallujah- Anbar Governorate/ Iraq, during the two seasons of 2017. Seeds of eight maize inbred lines were cultivated, and line × tester method was used to produce 16 crosses. The seeds of parents were cultivated and crosses in the fall season of 2017 in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The objectives of the study were to estimate gene action, hybrid vigour, and the effects of general and specific combination abilities of the inbred lines  and to evaluate test cross performance of the hybrids for grain yields and yield related traits. There were significant differences between parents and their crosses for all studied traits. The results showed that crosses

The certain crop cultivars could be adapted that characterized their performance via given trait over given environments. Thus this adaptation could be investigate by many methods. Therefore, ternary plot method advocated to assess the adaptation of ten caraway cultivars using seed yield (Mg ha^-1) over two environments viz. Fallujah and Ramadi for two successive seasons (2011/2012 and 2012/2013). This method was fortified with AMMI Biplot technique. PAST software was adopted to construct triangle graph. Cropstat7.2 software was also applied to extract cultivars own biplots. Results from ternary plot showed that G7 was the both most adaptable cultivars over most circumstances, G3 irresponded because it located on point

Bradyrhizbium sp. was isolated from 40 legumes roots and soil samples collected from various agricultural areas of Iraq by growing them on yeast extract mannitol agar (YEMA) and identification based on culture and microscopic characteristics, biochemical and physiological test and PCR technology.  A split plot experiment was carried out to study the effect of biofertilizer prepared from this isolate on the growth and yield of mungbean plant in sterile and non-sterile soil. The results showed a significant increases in all studied growth and yield traits due to biofertilization. The increase percentage  for the biofertilized treatments was 159.3

The present study included the collection of 144 samples from various clinical and environmental  sources  to investigate the presence of P.aeruginosa. 45 isolates were identified as P.aeruginosa  based on morphological and biochemical tests in addition to molecular diagnostics  used of 16S rRNA. This diagnosis proved that all isolates belong to P. aeruginosa. All isolates selected susceptibility toward 11 antibiotics using disc diffusion method. The results showed a high resistance among isolates against Tetracycline, Cefixim, Cefotaxim, Amoxicillin,   Erythromycin, Methicillin,

The objective of this study, to was measure concentrations of some heavy metals in various imported and locally produced vegetable crops, including root crops (Turnips ''Brassica rapa'' and Carrots ''Daucus carrota''), stem crops (Potatoes ''Solanum tuberosum'' and Onion ''Allium sativa''), leaves (Lettuce ''Lactuca sativa''), and fruits (Tomatoes ''Lycopersicon esculentum'').These crops were collected from Baghdad central whole sales. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry technique was applied to measure heavy metal concentrations. In the imported vegetables, heavy metal mean concentrations were arranged in the following increasing order: Fe>Zn> Cu>Ni>Co>Cd>Cr>

The present study deals with the estimation of gill surface area for orange spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) collected from Iraqi marine water, north west Arabian Gulf. In the laboratory, fishes were separated in to five different length groups ranging from 200-325 mm and weight range of 108.8-582.2g. Absolute and relative total gill surface area (GSA) were estimated for 33 fish from different lengths. Statistical analysis of results revealed that there were significant differences (P<0.05) between total length of gill filaments (TFL) in different length groups, while there were no significant differences (P>0.05) between secondary lamellae (Bl) in different length groups. St

A comparison was conducted  between volatile oil of the plant parts leaves and stems of Pelargonium graveolens as antioxidant by using the compound  DPPH as a free radical. This study aimed at isolation and diagnosis the active compounds of the volatile oil  .The volatile oil was extracted by using the water distillation Clevenger .Volatile oils were detected by using  the liquid gas chromatography. The results showed that 100 g of leaves and steams produced a volatile oil estimated by 5% and 2.3% respectively. The study has shown that volatile oil of leaves contains 12compounds and the highest was Terpineol reaching

This study  was aimed to measure the production efficiency, cost efficiency, profit-maximizing production level, and net income at actual, cost-minimizing, and profit-maximizing production, as well as to calculate the minimum priced accepted by cucumber producers to supply their products, estimate supply function for cucumber producers, estimate the marketing efficiency of cucumber grown in greenhouses. A random sample of 45 cucumber growers from Dhi Qar governorate, Al-Shatra district/ Iraq during the agricultural season 2017 was selected. Due to its harmony with economic and statistical logic, cubic formula was used to estimate the cost function. Results showed that the optimal production of cucumber was 59.54 tons, and th

Wheat is one of the most important strategic crops that have an important role in people's life and food security. Therefore, the research depends on the methodology value chain analyses to discuss and follow the most important determinants and problems facing wheat value chains in Iraq, as well as analyzing the costs and revenues for a different series of the chains, and then calculate the profits and value added in each of its chain .The results showed that the achieved profits by the producers of the wheat crop was 384258 dinar / dunum, while the value by weight was 371263.9 dinar / ton, The added value of the wheat producers and the marketing chain when the grain is delivered by  (local wholesalers) was 212000.8 ID / ton

This study aimed to identify pathogenic bacteria in contaminated food from cafeterias and restaurants at the University of Kerbala. Thirty-nine bacterial samples were collected from various foods, such as salads, falafel, and meat products (burger, kebab, and shawarma), before cooking. Bacteria were serially diluted, isolated on selective media, and identified based on biochemical characteristics, and 16S rDNA sequencing. Hemolysin production, seen in most bacteria from raw food samples, was determined using blood agar. Genomic DNA was extracted from all bacterial samples, and their 16S rDNA were analyzed through PCR, gene sequencing, and phylogenetic tree construction. Twenty-seven genetic variants representing both gram-positiv

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It was in the statement of the impact of moderation in preserving the freedom of individuals, including freedom of personal opinions, freedom of belief and freedom of language. It was dedicated to explaining the negative impact on the future of the nation in opposing moderation, including: dispersal of society, weakening the capabilities of society, and ease of control and occupation

The current research aims to evaluate the level of inclusive leadership within the General Secretariat for the Council of Ministers, and its role in achieving integration in work through the need to improve relationships between different administrative levels, facilitate participation, expression of opinions, and belonging to the organization. In order to achieve the research objective, the descriptive analytical statistical method was chosen using the SPSS V.25 programs, with various statistical methods and measures, including mean, standard deviation, variance coefficient, relative importance, and simple regression, through a questionnaire tool for data collection. The research community included the leadership in the sample of resear

The nanocompsite of alumina (Al₂O₃) produced a number of beneficial effects in alloys. There is increasing in resistance of materials to surface related failures , such as the mechanical properties , fatigue and stress corrosion cracking .The experimental results observed that the adding of reinforced  nanomaterials  type Al₂O₃  enhanced the   HB hardness, UTS, 0.2 YS and ductility of 2014 Al/Al₂O₃ nano composites . the analysis of experiments, indicated that The maximum enhancement was observed at 0.4 wt.% Al₂O₃. The ultimate improvement percentage were 15.78% HB hardness, 18.1% (UTS), 12.86% (

The goal of the research is to identify prevailing values in Kurdish children’s stories, and statistically significant differences between groups. In the theoretical framework, the definitions of values are reviewed. Furthermore, a range of previous studies were offered, with the most important findings.
To achieve the goals of this research, an amount of 14 Kurdish children’s must be analyzed. The selected Kurdish children’s stories must be translated to Arabic conform the classification ’White’.  After confirming the stability of this tool, the researcher reached the following results:

The cognitive and physical values received the highest ratios, while the moral, practical, patriotic and nationalistic values