This research included the preparation of Ni, Pd oxide and Pt metal nanoparticles derived from Schiff base (E)-2-(((2,5-dichlorophenyl)imino)methyl)-4-methyl phenol octahedral from Ni(II) complex and square planar from Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes using pulsed laser ablation immersed in deionized water. The optical properties of the prepared NiO, PdO, and Pt nanoparticles were investigated using UV-Visible spectra and FTIR spectrophotometer. The shape and structure were analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and the X-ray Diffraction Instrument XRD. By using the Scherrer equation, the results showed Ni, Pd, and Pt nanos with average particle sizes of 28.53nm, 20.47nm, and 22.30nm. The biological acti

The current study was designed to identify the histological composition of the ileum in the Caucasian squirrel Sciurus anomalus. Ten adult squirrels were used for the present study. Animals were anesthetized, anatomized, fixed the study specimens in 10% formalin solution, and conducted a series of histological staining techniques. The ileum consists of four main tunicae represented by mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. The tunica mucosa consists of three secondary layers: the epithelial lining layer, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosa. The epithelial lining comprises simple columnar epithelial tissue composed of columnar cells and goblet cells. The lamina propria contains simple straight tubular glands called the int

 We use the idea of Grill, this study generalized a new sort of linked space like –connected –hyperconnected and investigated its features, as well as the relationship between it and previously described notation. It also developed new sorts of functions, such as hyperconnected space, and identifying their relationship, by offering numerous instance and attributes that belong to this set. This set will serve as a starting point for further research into the sets many future possibilities. Also, we use some of the theorems and observations previously studied and relate them to the grill and the Alpha group, and benefit from them in order to obtain new results in this research. We applied the concept of Connected to them and obtained

     Pumpkin waste powder was used as a coloring and strengthening filler in epoxy to prepare a natural gelcoat . The Pumpkin powder was mixed with different weight ratios (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8%) to the epoxy matrix to select the best value of powder addition. The effect of the pumpkin particle size on the mechanical properties (impact, flexural, hardness, and wear loss) using two different sizes (2.5 and 1.25 microns) was studied. The impact strength increased from (10.09 KJ/ m²) for neat epoxy to (14.79 KJ/ m²) for epoxy with  1% of micron pumpkin fibers ( MPF) with particle size 2.5 micrometer and (14.21 KJ/ m²) for epoxy with 4% (1.25 MPF), flexural strength increased from (41.94 MPa) for n

In the present study, an attempt has been made to study the change in water quality of the river in terms of turbidity during lockdown associated with COVID-19. Iraq announced the longest-ever lockdown on 25 March 2020 due to COVID-19 pandemic. 

In the absence of ground observations, remote sensing data was adopted, especially during this period. The change in the visible region's spectral reflectance of water in part of the river has been analyzed using the Landsat 8 OLI multispectral remote sensing data at Tigris River, Salah al-Din province (Bayji / near the refinery), Iraq. It was found that the green and red bands are most sensitive and can be used to estimate turbidity. Furthermore, the temporal variation in turbidity was a

The aims of the paper are to present a modified symmetric fuzzy approach to find the best workable compromise solution for quadratic fractional programming problems (QFPP) with fuzzy crisp in both the objective functions and the constraints. We introduced a modified symmetric fuzzy by proposing a procedure, that starts first by converting the quadratic fractional programming problems that exist in the objective functions to crisp numbers and then converts the linear function that exists in the constraints to crisp numbers. After that, we applied the fuzzy approach to determine the optimal solution for our quadratic fractional programming problem which is supported theoretically and practically. The computer application for the algo

Using an electrochemical polymerization technique at room temperature, poly nicotine amide (PNA) was produced from the monomer nicotine amide (NA) in aqueous solution. The structure of polymer layer generated on the stainless steel surface (316 L) (working electrode) is investigated by Fourier Transmission Infrared Region (FT-IR). The anti-corrosion activity of polymer coating on the stainless steel (SS 316 L) is investigated by electrochemical polarization in 0.20M solution of HCl at 293-323K. The graphene -modified polymer film-coated SS had greater protection efficiency (PE percent) when compared to Nano ZnO -modified polymer film-coated SS. For the corrosion process of SS 316 L, kinetic and thermo-dynamic parameters of activation are

     The present study includes a theoretical treatment to derive the general equations of pumping threshold power ( ), laser output power (P_out), and laser device efficiency (ƞ) of the element-doped thin-disk laser (Yb³⁺) with a quasi-three-level pumping scheme in the continuous wave mode at a temperature of (299K^°). In this study, the host crystals (YAG) were selected as typical examples of this laser design in a Gaussian transverse mode. The numerical solution of these equations was made using Matlab software by selecting the basic parameters from the recently published scientific articles for the laser design of these crystal hosts. According to this simulation, this article studied the effect o

This work used the deposition method to synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticles. The materials mainly used in this study were nickel sulfate hexahydrate (as a precursor) and NaOH (as a precipitant). The properties of the nanopowder were characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, and VSM. The obtained results confirmed the presence of nickel oxide nanoparticles with a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure with a lattice constant (a=4.17834 Å). Scherer and Williamson-Hall equations were used to calculate the crystallite size of about (30.5-35.5) nm. The FE-SEM images showed that the particle shape had a ball-like appearance with a uniform and homogeneous distribution and confirmed that the particles were within the nanoscale. The presence of oxygen a

  The influence of annealing on quaternary compound Ag0.9Cu0.1InSe2 (ACIS) thin film is considered a striking semiconductor for second-generation solar cells. The film deposited by thermal evaporation with a thickness of about 700 nm at R.T and vacuum annealing at temperatures (373,473) K for 1 hour. It was deposited in a vacuum of 4.5*10-5 Torr on a glass substrate. From XRD and AFM analysis, it is evident that Ag0.9Cu0.1InSe2 films are polycrystalline in nature, having ideal stoichiometric composition. Structural analysis indicated that annealing the films following the deposition resulted in the increasing polycrystalline phase with the preferred orientation along (112) direction. , increasing crystallite size and average grain size

Different compositions of hydrogels composed of mathacrylamide homopolymer (60 and 90% of PMAM) were prepared using the free radical polymerization technique, with and without methylene bisacrylamide as crosslinker (0 and 3%). Several parameters and properties were studied to evaluate their performance as oil/water separators. Many parameters are used, such as residual oil in water, water recovery, separation time, hydrogels coated percentages, swelling parameters, mechanical properties, microscopic and photographic images, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that water recovery (87-97), Separation efficiency (96.2-99.6 %), separation time (6-9.5 min.), hydrogels coated percentages (18-23 %), water content (70-97 %), and

In this research, the concentration of radon gas has been calculated in the classrooms of schools in Diyala Governorate by using the nuclear track detector (CR-39), which was one of the organic solid-state nuclear detectors (SSNTDs). After calculating the radon gas concentration, the lung cancer cases were calculated. The results showed that the lowest value was found in (Alshumue) school (4.753) people. In contrast, the highest value was found in (Habhib) school (20.421). The average values of lung cancer cases in Diyala governorate were equal to (9.319) per person. The results showed that the number of lung cancer cases per year per million persons in Diyala Governorate schools was below the allowed limit from (ICRP) agency (170-230) p

A fracture is a damage to bone tissue that causes damage to the tissue surrounding the bone and may penetrate the skin. Subjects and methods: the present study included (80) fractured Iraqi patients (and 40) patients with DM2 and (40) without DM2 and compared them with (40) healthy control. Patients and control are matched in age. This study showed a significant increase in retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and a considerable decrease in Vit .A GPT and GOT in fracture patients with and without DM2. In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between RBP4 with (GPT and GOT) in fracture patients with DM2 and a significant positive correlation between RBP4 with (GPT and GOT) in fracture patients without DM2.          

This study presents the execution of an iterative technique suggested by Temimi and Ansari (TA) method to approximate solutions to a boundary value problem of a 4th-order nonlinear integro-differential equation (4th-ONIDE) of the type Kirchhoff which appears in the study of transverse vibration of hinged shafts. This problem is difficult to solve because there is a non-linear term under the integral sign, however, a number of authors have suggested iterative methods for solving this type of equation. The solution is obtained as a series that merges with the exact solution. Two examples are solved by TA method, the results showed that the proposed technique was effective, accurate, and reliable. Also, for greater reliability, the approxim

The free electron laser (FEL) represents a significant advance over conventional laser systems by allowing a wide range of operating wavelengths without changing the active laser medium or undergoing extensive redesign. Central to this ability is the Wiggler component, which influences many of the properties of the emitting laser through its wavelength ( ) This study investigates the influence of ( ) on the FEL's performance metrics, including magnetic field strength, photon wavelength, and laser power, by utilizing MATLAB R2023a for simulation. The study employs a set of equations to explore how variations in ( ) affect these parameters. The undulator's role, a critical component of the FEL, is analyzed for its ability to convert high-s

This research presents a synthesis approach for BSCCO superconductor with barium (Ba) substitution, involving a minor substitution at a fixed ratio of lead (Pb) and europium (Eu) through the chemical sol-gel method. The systematic exploration involves incorporating 0.1 of Eu instead of Bi into the BSCCO matrix to comprehend its impact on superconducting properties and the feasibility of producing superconducting material using the sol-gel route. Superconductor samples denoted as Bi_1.6Pb_0.3Eu_0.1Sr_2-yBa_yCa₂Cu₃O_10+δ, where y varies from 0.0 to 0.3, were prepared. The investigation focused on understanding the effect of partially substituting Ba for Sr o

This study investigates new concepts in grill topological spaces by employing specified sets in which the α-open sets are defined. Many scholars, such as Choquet, who is considered the first to lay the foundation stone for the concept of a grill and formulate its definition, were interested in studying it. After that, many attempts have been made to study the properties associated with this concept and to understand the relationships among these properties. There are several types of grill topological spaces, including discrete and cofinite topologies. Properties of this set and certain relationships are studied, as well as examining a group of functions, like open, closed, and continuous functions, determining their relation with each

The efficiency of solar systems was developed through the design of a torus waveguide, which provides high flexibility in the design of the solar system. The design was simulated using the optical design program (ANSYS Zemax Optic Studio 2022). The circular cross-section torus waveguide was shaped like the letters (U, S) to transmit solar radiation through total internal reflection inside the waveguide to the receiver (solar cell or thermal reservoir). To improve the solar system's efficiency, a group of optical parameters related to the waveguide's shape were changed to demonstrate the effect of changing them on the system's performance. These parameters include the radius of curvature of the waveguide, the width of the entry apertures,

 In this paper, the oscillation property and the asymptotic behavior of solutions of neutral second-order differential Equations of the Emden-Fowler type were studied under the influence of the coefficients of forces. It has been shown through this research that the coefficients of forces in addition to the Emden-Fowler type have a major role on the oscillation of solutions of neutral Equations. As well as its effect on the convergence and divergence of nonoscillatory solutions. For this purpose, some conditions are obtained to ensure that all solutions of the neutral Equations Emden-Fowler type oscillating or nonoscillating go to ∞, as t → ∞. Some of these conditions are the development of conditions similar to them in some of th

The pathogen "Pseudomonas aeruginosa" is extremely hazardous for people with weak immune systems because it has several virulence factors and can resist antibiotics. During the time period between October 2022 and February 2023, 102 specimens from different clinical sources, including burn, mid-stream urine, wound, ear, and sputum were collected. From 102 clinical specimens, only 33 isolates (32.35%) of P. aeruginosa were identified by Phenotypic characteristics, a biochemical test, the Vitek-2 compact system, and confirmed by Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The antibiotic susceptibility test AST was done by the Vitek 2-Compact system. The highest resistance percentages were for Cephalosporin category at 8

This study's primary objective was to create nanotechnology-based, precisely regulated drug delivery devices. Antibiotic Amoxicillin was chosen, and chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) were chosen to transport the medicine. Using the ionic gelation process, chitosan solution NPs were synthesized using tripolyphosphate (TPP). Antibiotic-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) were then used to create a nanocomposite with good performance. The resultant nanocomposite can be put to use as an effective, non-toxic antimicrobial agent. CMCS has a considerably wider range of uses as an anti-bacterial agent than chitosan since it is soluble in a wide pH range. Due to its water solubility, Ten S. mutans isolates were purified in two mediums, making it e

Thin films (CuxZn1-xS) with x = 0.75 nano crystallized were deposited from the alloy on glass substrates in a vacuum ~ 2 × 10− 5 mbar by thermal evaporation technique with 450±20 nm thickness. The effects of annealed temperature (deposits, 423, 523, and 623) K for one hour on the structure, morphology, and optical properties of Copper Zinc Sulfide (CZS) films were investigated. The structural properties of Cu0.75Zn0.25S films were examined using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique as a function of annealed temperatures. XRD presented the Cu0.75Zn0.25S films as polycrystalline in the environment by a mixed hexagonal structure of CuS-ZnS, preferred orientation along the (201) plane, and crystallite size varying from 8.41-23.28 nm wit

     Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms depend on different algorithms to track moving objects. The surrounding environment, like lightness, affects detection accuracy. A new algorithm is designed to detect moving objects in real time automatically and calculate the speed of tested objects based on the deep learning algorithm RCNN using MATLAB software. The suggested system consists of a phone camera, four balls in different colors (red, green, blue, and black), and various environmental lights consisting of eight lights. Two luxmeters were used to check the light intensity around the ball and the camera phone. Detecting moving objects has gained a lot of desirability because of its applications like video surveillance, person m

     Nuclear fusion technology for power production is considered a renewable and clean energy source, and it is used in many applications such as scientific research, systems for electrical energy production, and fast charge particles such as protons, alpha particles, electrons, beta particles, positrons, etc. In addition, there exists another application such as materials irradiation and artificial elements production. There exist more than 51 fusion reactions in nature. The most important thermonuclear fusion reactions are those used in one of the common hydrogen isotopes such as deuterium, the D-D and D-³He reactions. A laboratory fusion cross-section data fitting equations are calculated theoretically by using the lea

Out of 207 specimens,118 Enterococcus faecalis isolates were obtained from different sources (urine, root canal, wound, vagina, and blood). The commonest sites of infections were the root canal (50.8%), followed by the urinary tract (38.1%), wound (8.4%), and the vagina (2.5%). Urine, root canal, and wound samples from individuals aged 20–40 years old showed the highest prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis isolates, except for the vagina, where those over 40 years old recorded the highest rates of isolates. According to gender, females had the highest prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis isolates in urine, root canal, and vaginal samples, with the exception of the wound source, where males had a higher rate of isolates

 Otitis media is one of the most common types of ear infections, plus bacteria are to blame. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most frequently diagnosed pathogen causing this infection. P. aeruginosa has virulence factors that lead to damage to the middle ear mucosa. This study was conducted to identify Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing chronic suppurative otitis media and to determine its antibiotic sensitivity. A total of (100) ear swabs were collected from patients suffering from otitis media attending the ENT outpatient clinic at Baghdad Teaching Hospital from July 2022 till the end of December 2022. Age range was (18-75) years. Identification of bacteria and biochemical testing and antibiotic sensitivit

     Due to several environmental contaminants, the textile industry's wastewater disposal presents significant dangers, including to drinkable water. This study aims to synthesize polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and examine how well it adsorbs methyl green color from aqueous solutions. The synthesis steps were performed after the PAN was characterized using various techniques, including FTIR, SEM, EDS, TGA-DSC, and XRD. Research was conducted on the quantity of adsorbent utilized, the initial concentration, and the contact time. All of these factors were shown to impact the adsorption process. The findings indicated that a dose of 0.01 g, an initial concentration of 30 mg/L, and a contact duration of 60 minutes produced the best r

This research dealt with the preparation and study of the properties of (In 2O3) as a film. Indium films were used by the vacuum thermal evaporation technique on a glass base, and then these films were thermally treated at a temperature of 300 in the presence of oxygen for some time (30, 60, 90, 120) minutes to obtain films. Through X-ray diffraction examinations, atomic force microscopy, and ultraviolet radiation, the thin, transparent indium films revealed that the prepared films are cubic crystalline semiconducting materials. The dominant orientation of this crystal is 222, and the energy gap ranges between 2.1 and 2.7 eV. It can be prepared in the form of a film and varies with the oxidation times and depends on the surface roughness

     The configurations of the nuclear shell model were employed to study and inspect the form factor of a scattering electron in the ⁵⁸Ni nucleus. The wave function of the model space was obtained through the (fp-orbits) and (fpd6) effective interactions within the model space by utilizing the Harmonic Oscillator wave functions as a single particle's wave function. In the (fp-LS) shell, the correction for the main calculations of model space was performed by the 1^st-order perturbation theory to estimate the effects of core polarization with the (2ℏω) energy of excitation that has been carried out. Core polarization combined the model space with the discarded space (higher configuration core)

     This research has been conducted to determine the level of radioactive contamination from uranium and some heavy elements (Pb, Cd, Ni  & Cu) in 60 blood samples taken from individuals living in four areas (Ishtar, Jeser Diyala, AL-Wardiya, and Tameem) near the Iraqi Atomic Energy Organization, south of Baghdad, bordered by the Tigris River to the west and the Diyala River to the north. This organization was established in 1967 and was used for legitimate nuclear operations. It was targeted during the Gulf Wars in 1991 and 2003, leading to leaks of containers containing uranium oxides and radioactive sources from the organization to surrounding areas. Living near a nuclear testing site exposes residents to internal and exter