Purpose: The aim of this study was to gain insight into causes of time delays and cost overruns in a selection of thirty case projects in Iraq. Delay factors have been studied in many countries/contexts, but not much data exists from countries under the conditions characterizing Iraq during the last 10-15 years.Design/methodology/approach: A case study approach was adopted, with thirty construction projects selected from the Baghdad region, of different types and sizes. For the case of the study, the participants in the projects provided data about the projects through the data collection tool distributed through the questionnaire directed to them. Statistical data analysis was used to build statistical relationships between time and cost d

Background: Osteoporosis affects almost all of the bones in the female body; the most important one in the facial bone is mandible. Menopause is defined as an absence of the menses for one year. During this time, estrongen, progesterone and ovarian androgens production are diminished due to adult onset ovarian failure which leads to osteoporosis. This study aimed to evaluate the use of computed tomography mandibular morphometric indices for the assessment of pre and postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Subjects and material: This study conducted on 50 Iraqi females divided into 2 groups 20 -30years old as a control group and over50 years old as a study group attending Al-Karkh hospital, Department of Computed Tomography.(each group25 female).

The research aims to measure the sustainability of the Iraqi economy for the period 1990-2018 as well as to show the impact of fluctuations in the level of GDP on financial sustainability, where financial sustainability is the necessary and sufficient condition for achieving economic and financial balance in the country, as financial sustainability reflects the movement of the state budget and its relationship to GDP through the indicators of deficit, fiscal surplus and public debt internal and external, as well as reflecting the art of managing public debt, and the more managed public debt is achieved, the more the management of public debt is achieved financial sustainability. for the state in the sense that there is a reciprocal

The present work aimed to study the efficiency of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) process for water recovery from electroplating wastewater and study the factors affecting the performance of two membrane processes. Nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes are made from polyamide as spiral wound module. The inorganic materials ZnCl2, CuCl2.2H2O, NiCl2.6H2O and CrCl3.6H2O were used as feed solutions. The operating parameters studied were: operating time, feed concentrations for heavy metal ions, operating pressure, feed flow rate, feed temperature and feed pH. The experimental results showed, the permeate concentration increased and water flux decreased with increase in time from 0 to 70 min. The permeate concentrations incre

Aluminum doped zinc selenide ZnSe/n-Si thin films of (250∓20 nm) thickness with (0.01, 0.02 and 0.03), are depositing on the two type of substrate (glass and n-Si) to manufacture (ZnSe/n-Si) solar cell through using thermal vacuum evaporation procedure. physical and optoelectronic properties were examined for the samples. X-Ray and AFM techniques are using to study the structure properties. The energy band gap of as-deposited ZnSe thin films for changed dopant ratio were ranging from (2.6-2.68 eV). The results of Hall effect show that pure and doping films were (p-type), and the concentration carriers and the carriers mobility increases with increase Al-dopant ratio. The (C-V) have shown that the heterojunction were of abrupt type. In add

The current research aims to focus on strategic vigilance dimensions and contained (environmental vigilance, technological vigilance, competitive vigilance, vigilance marketing) to improve nursing services, which include a) the quality, timeliness, problem-solving and decision-making, relationships with others, leadership skills) and measure the degree link and influence between strategic vigilance in the hospital respondent and improve nursing service that the problem of the research lies in the weakness of strategic plans and health organizations in general and the hospital surveyed (martyr Ghazi al-Hariri), in particular, the lack of awareness of the hospital researched strategy vigilant management to improve nursing services,

يسعى البحث الموسوم (الحياد الإعلامي في القنوات الفضائية-دراسة نظرية) إلى معرفة مفهوم وأهمية الحياد الإعلامي وكذلك معرفة المعايير والمرتكزات التي يعتمد عليها القائم بالاتصال لتحقيق الحياد الإعلامي، ويعد هذا البحث من البحوث الوصفية التي تبحث في وصف الظاهرة العلمية، واستعمل الباحث منهج المسح في البحث عن المعلومات التي تخص الظاهرة الإعلامية (الحياد الإعلامي). ومن أهم النتائج التي توصل إليها الباحث أن مفهو

Prince Kikaus  explained  to us Conditions of writing and establishing .Then he touched  upon the Conditions of the ministry and qualities that must be characterized Author and minister both need machines must be availabla in person if given these positions .he was creative in presenting his ideas which is not  without judgment an knowledge.He had a distinct style in mentioned professions and administrative hierarchy As explained in his speech About the writer and his Correspondence and construction and writer position who has developed into a minister then he touched it to the cabinet system and what the minister should do.of qualities .and the importance of the post of minister who mentioned several points to him ou

DBN Dr. Liqaa Habeb, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Reseach, 2015

Financial institutions, including banks, remain a major target for money launderers in order to transfer illegal funds to legitimate funds through limited internal audit procedures and external auditing.

The study is a study of the operations of money laundering and what can be done by the verification efforts when integrated in the fight against them, by analyzing the level of cooperative relationship and communication between them. To achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire prepared for this purpose was distributed to an appropriate sample of (60) auditors of the internal audit staff of the Central Bank of Iraq and the external auditors working in the Federal control foundation Accordingly , appropriate methods wer

Reconstruction in Iraq requires coherent legitimate frameworks that are able to detail obligations, rights and responsibilities of the parties participating in reconstruction projects, regardless their type or delivery system.
Conditions of Contract can be considered an important component of these frameworks. This paper investigates flexibility and appropriateness of the application of Iraqi conditions of contract in reconstruction projects. These conditions were compared to FIDIC Conditions. The objective wasn't comparing individual clauses, but rather exploring the principles and philosophy laying behind each conditions, and to what extent each conditions care about realizing equity between main contract parties. Validity of applic

  Chronic viral hepatitis is an important health problem in the world, where hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are the main causes of liver insufficiency. The study included 100 blood samples from patients with chronic viral hepatitis, fifty of them with HBV infection and 50 with HCV infection. Twenty apparently healthy age and gender matched subjects were included as a control group. Out of the 50 patients with HBV, 36(72%) were males and 14(28%) were females. Thirty two (64%) patients with HCV were males and 18(36%) were females. The mean age for HBV patients was 36.9 ± 15.8 year and for HCV patients it was 39.9 ±14.2 year.  The results of the liver function tests showed no significant differ

    In the present study, a total of 272 freshwater fishes belonging to three species namely: Cyprinus carpio, Barbus xanthopterus and Aspius vorax, were collected from Euphrates river at Al-Haklania distrct, Al-Anbar province  during the period from August 2008 till the end of July 2009, by using gill nets and cast nets.       Fishes were survyed for intestinal parasitic worms. The investigation revealed the infectation of these fishes with four parasitic species: the digenetic trematode  Aspidogaster limacoides from the intestine of C. carpio, B. xanthopterus and A. vorax, larval nematode Contracaecum spp. from the body cavity of C. carpio and the external surface of intestine of B

Sheets of Epoxy (EP) resin with addition of TiO2 of grain size (1.5μm, and 50nm) and weight percentage (1%, 3%, and 5%) were prepared. Discs of 20mm diameter and 3mm thickness were cut for dielectric measurements. Dielectric properties (dielectric constant, dispassion factor and electrical conductivity) over the frequency range 102 -106 Hz were measured.
Comparison was made between the effect of micro and nano particles of TiO2 on the dielectric properties of EP composites with different weight percentage. Epoxy composites with micro sized particles of TiO2 were observed to have the better values of dielectric properties.

The work aims to calculate pollutants gases concentration that are emitted from gasoline
engine Vehicles exhaust .These concentration are compared with emission limits in other
countries. These gases are carbon monoxide (CO), unburned or partially burned hydrocarbons
(HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), lead oxides, particulate matter and soot. The research is carried out on a new and old cars .which are widely used in Iraqi roads .these cars are different in product year , distance travelled and in Exhaust- gas treatment techniques which used. The analysis of exhaust gases carried out by using the electronic exhaust gas analysis system (T156D). Which is maunfactured in Italy and operate with windows system. The results show decre

This study was aimed to investigate the possibility of using iron slag by product as reactive materials in the porous reactive barriers technologies to achieve the principles of sustainability. Results reveal that the maximum adsorption capacity of iron slag (=2.309 mg/g) can be calculated by Langmuir model because it is more representative for adsorption data. This means that the chem-sorption is predominant mechanism for sorption of lead ions where the dissolution of calcium oxide by hydrolysis and ion exchange can enhance the removal of lead ions by iron oxide surface sites. In addition, the results of continuous tests conducted for 140 hours certified that the longevities of the barriers is proportional straightforwardly with

Forty broiler chickens, One - day old were randomly divided into four equal groups:  1^st group was immunized with 0.5 ml of whole sonicated salmonella antigens (WSSAgs), protein concentration 1.89 mg/ml. Two dose  two weeks intervals, S/C at 7 days old  and  the  chicks  fed   contaminated diet with  mycotoxins for 7 week,   2^nd group was immunized with WSSAgs only and treated  as  1^st group,  3^rd group fed diet contaminated with  mycotoxins  and 4^th

The field trial was conducted at Qwshtapa district , Grdmala village, which is 30 km far from center of  Erbil city to compare between nine genotypes of cotton (Gossipum hirsutum L) during the growing season 2016, the genotypes were (Coker 310, Lachata ‘Iraqi genotypes ’ Cafko, Dunn 1047, Montana, Stone Ville ‘ USA genotypes ‘, Bakhtegon, Khdorda , Vanamin   Iranian genotypes )  using randomized complete block design  (RCBD)with three replicates. any fertilizers were not added to the field during the research and Irrigation was done using Statistical analysis of the traits shown significant differences among genotypes , Coker 310 obtained  the highest value for  number of fruiti

A field trails was carried out during winter season of 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 at Field Crops Department - College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad / Jadriyah to study the effect of salicylic acid spraying on yield and it's components of linseed cultivars. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) arranged within split plots was used with three replicates. The trail included three salicylic acid concentrations (100, 200 and 300 mg L^-1) in addition to control treatment (distilled water spraying) within main plots and three linseed cultivars (Syrian, Egyptian and Iraqi local) within sub plots. The results showed that the Syrian cv. produced the hi

An attempt was done to develop a micropropagation protocol for oak using embryo culture. Oak is considered a hard-to-root woody plant by conventional propagation methods, that’s why using tissue culture techniques is a very suitable alternative method. For oak embryo culture, WPM was used and found to be better than MS medium for embryo germination which gave 66.13%. As well as adding of GA₃ to the medium improved the germination rate of embryos (43.25% and 82.25 %). At initiation stage, WPM was used and found to be the best medium by giving the highest number of shoots/ explant which was 1.80, the highest number of leaves (15.17 leaves/ explant) and the longest shoots (1.42 cm) followed by MS medium then GD which ga

To evaluate the role of anti-inflammatory and analgesicof Iraqi pumpkin seed oil. The oil seed (25-100 mg / kg) were investigated using various experimental models for analgesic and anti-inflammatory benefit. Acetic acid and thermal induced models of pain were used to examine the anti-nociceptive property. Though models of oedema induced by carragenin were used to evaluate anti-inflammation. Results were reported from these studies that the extract prepared from Iraqi pumpkin seeds possess potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity when  compared with standard drug Diclofenac. Even though all the co

The study focused on the identification of the natural relation between the organizational components, and the most important is the organizational structure, which not hid its effect on each function and operation of the organizational structure through commanding the individual craters and its forms according to the requirement of these function, also it has relation with an organic synthesis that between the dimensions of the organic synthesis and the practice side in the commission of Integrity.

The problem of the research pensioned in some questions about hypothesis and theoretical parts, in which they go a mention about the hypothesis questions is to use all the knowledge's in this atmosphere and th

إعداد مقياس المناخ الصفي لدى طلبة اقسام اللغة العربية

 هدف البحث الحالي  إلى اعداد مقياس المناخ الصفي لدى طلبة اقسام اللغة العربية وقياس مستوى المناخ الصفي لديهم، استعملت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي، اما عينة البحث فبلغت (400) طالب وطالبة تم اختيارهم من مجتمع البحث بطريقة عشوائية. اعدت الباحثة مقياس المناخ الصفي, وقد تألف المقياس في صيغته النهائية من (16) فقرة توزعت على (3) مجالات هي:( البيئة المادية

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of phosphogypsum and humic acids on the leaching and releasing of salts from saline- sodic soil. A laboratory experiment was conducted in polyethylene columns (60.0 cm and 7.1 cm). The columns were filled with 30 cm soil (EC=73.78 dSm^-1). The experiment included two factors, phosphogypsum added at levels 0, 5, 10 and 15 mtons ha^-1 with symbols PG₀,PG₁, PG₂ and PG₃ respectively, and humic acids were added at levels 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha^-1 with symbols HA₀, HA₁, HA₂ and HA₃, mixing them with the top 5 cm of soil column. The electrical conductivity

The element-substituted calcium Deficient hydroxyapatite samples were synthesized using liquid-phase precipitation method. Different element ions (Mg⁺², Zn⁺², and Cu⁺²) were added at constant ratio (5% wt.). The phase composition of the element-substituted calcium hydroxyapatite samples was investigated by using X-ray diffraction. A comparison with known characteristics of the synthetic ion-substituted forms of hydroxyapatite was conducted. It was determined, that the investigated materials are single-phase solid solutions of the element-substituted hydroxyapatite. By the methods of IR spectroscopy and Raman scattering (RS) it was discovered the dependence of incorporation of the carbonate anion t

This study was aimed to evaluate the ability of local oyster mushroom(Pleurotus ostreatus; ID: MF065715.1; cultivated until maturation in growth medium containing cumin extract) to modulate the genotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) in bone marrow cells of mice. In vivo genotoxicity was assessed by quantifying the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in the bone marrow cells of mice that were administered different doses of P.ostreatus extract (150, 200,250, and 300 mg/kg/day( respectively, individually, and in combination with CP (40 mg/kg body weight) according to the following three experimental protocols (pre 2h, post 2h, and concomitant treatment for 14 day