يتناول هذا البحث دراسة الصناعات الجلدية في بلاد الرافدين، من حيث المواد الخام المستخدمة من الحيوانات المذبوحة أو الميتة ، ومراحل التصنيع، والاستخدامات اليومية، اعتمادًا على نصوص مسمارية موثقة وأدلة أثرية , كما يسلط الضوء على دور الجلود في الحياة الاقتصادية والاجتماعية، ويعرض نماذج من الألواح المتحفية التي تؤكد انتشار وتنوع استخدام الجلود في ذلك العصر.
لم تكن مكة المكرمة في بلاد الحجاز هي الوجهة الدينية الوحيدة في شبه الجزيرة العربية قديماً التي كان يحج إليها طوائف من العرب، بل كانت هناك العديد من البيوتات الدينية والمعابد التي بنيت على نفس الشكل والطراز المكعب في مواقع مختلفة، والتي يمكن أن نطلق عليها لفظ ( كعبات )، وكانت هذه المعابد، تشهد طقوسا مشابهة إلى حد ما التي كانت سائدة في العصر الجاهلي، فقد كان المؤمنون بكل كعبة يحجون إليها ويقدمون القرابين إلى ال
... Show Moreتناول البحث دراسة منطقة جغرافية لا نستطيع أن نقول أنها تمتلك مقومات حضارة قديمة كتلك الحضارات التي قامت في بلاد الرافدين ووادي النيل وغيرها من حضارات العالم ، إذن لديها حضارة في نظر مواطنيها كانت حضارة تعتز بهويتها وبمقومات كيانها ، وفي الوقت الذي كانت فيه تلك المنطقة (غرب أفريقيا) تعيش وفق نظام بسيط يتخذ من الصيد والرعي وسيلة للعيش ، ومن أغصان الأشجار والخرز وسيلة لستر العورة ، ومن الطين والأخشاب وسيلة ل
... Show Moreيسهم أحد الفروع الحديثة نسبياً لعلم الآثار، وهو علم الآثار الشرعي أو القضائي (The Forensic Archaeology)، في تزويد نظام العدالة بالمعلومات العلمية الدقيقة عن مواقع الإبادة الجماعية، ومحتوياتها, وتكون هذه المعلومات حاسمة في إثبات أن جريمة كانت قد أُرتكبت، فضلاً عن أنها من الممكن أن تشير إلى من إرتكبها.
ومع تطور علم الآثار في القرن العشرين وظفت طرائقه وتقنياته في خدمة أعمال الطب الشرعي والتحقيق الجنائي في مواق
... Show Moreظهرت الخلافات بين العراق والكويت على مسألة تسوية الديون المتراكمة على الحكومة العراقية خلال حربها مع النظام الايراني ، فضلاً عن الخلافات الحدودية مع الكويت وكان لتركيا وموقعها الاستراتيجي دورا مهما في الحرب خاصة وانها القواعد الامريكية التي كان من المفترض استخدامها لاجبار العراق على التراجع عن احتلال الكويت كانت على اراضي تركيا ولما كانت تركيا تؤمن بالحلول الودية فقد صوتت لجانب قرارا
... Show Moreتبحث هذه الدراسة في العادات والتقاليد الاجتماعية لمسلمي قومية الهوي في الصين خلال الفترة الممتدة بين عامي 1911 و1925م، وهي مرحلة تاريخية اتسمت بتحولات سياسية وثقافية عميقة عقب سقوط أسرة تشينغ وقيام الجمهورية الصينية. يهدف البحث إلى تحليل البنية الاجتماعية للهوي، واستك
... Show Moreالقرابة من الركائز الأساسية في البناء الاجتماعي للمجتمع العراقي، وتؤدي العلاقات الاسرية والعشائرية دوراً محورياً في تشكيل الأنماط الاجتماعية والثقافية والسياسية، والقرابة في العراق أكثر من مجرد روابط عائلية وهي شبكة معقدة من التفاعلات التي تؤثر في تشكيل وتحديد السلطة وتوزيع النفوذ وبناء الهويات الاجتماعية والسياسية. وكانت السلطة العشائرية محورية في أدارة شؤون المجتمع العراقي حيث تساهم العشائر في بلور
... Show Moreيتناول البحث الجوانب الحضارية لمدينه ارجان من عناصر سكان وطبقات مجتمع الى زراعه وصناعه وتجاره وعملات التي كانت تعتمد عليها سكان مدينه ارجان آنذاك حيث ان مدينه ارجان تعد من مدن السكة الرئيسية باقليم فارس
وان مدينة ارجان كانت تتميز بتنوع طبقات المجتمع واختلافها فقد شملت طبقه الامراء والحاشية وطبقه التجار وطبقه الفلاحين اما عناصر المجتمع في ارجان فقط كانوا خليط من الفرس والعرب وايضا من ناحيه العادات وال
... Show MoreThis research aims to provide insight into the Spatial Autoregressive Quantile Regression model (SARQR), which is more general than the Spatial Autoregressive model (SAR) and Quantile Regression model (QR) by integrating aspects of both. Since Bayesian approaches may produce reliable estimates of parameter and overcome the problems that standard estimating techniques, hence, in this model (SARQR), they were used to estimate the parameters. Bayesian inference was carried out using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques. Several criteria were used in comparison, such as root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and coefficient of determination (R^2). The application was devoted on dataset of poverty rates acro
... Show MoreRecently, some prostate cancer patients have acquired resistance to the second -generation drugs (anzalutamide and apalutamide) prescribed for the treatment of this disease due to the emergence of the F876L mutation, which represents a challenge to modern medicine. In this study, a new series of 2-thiohydantoin derivatives were prepared through the reaction of different derivatives of maleimide (1c-4c) with isothiocyanate derivatives. The prepared compounds were diagnosed using FT-IR,1H-NMR ,13C-NMR, Mass spectra. The prepared series compounds has been studied against prostate cancer cells. The MTT assay was used to determine the activity of the prepared compounds against prostate cancer cells. The da
... Show MoreSequence covering array (SCA) generation is an active research area in recent years. Unlike the sequence-less covering arrays (CA), the order of sequence varies in the test case generation process. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of the SCA strategies, earlier works reported that finding a minimal size of a test suite is considered as an NP-Hard problem. In addition, most of the existing strategies for SCA generation have a high order of complexity due to the generation of all combinatorial interactions by adopting one-test-at-a-time fashion. Reducing the complexity by adopting one-parameter- at-a-time for SCA generation is a challenging process. In addition, this reduction facilitates the supporting for a higher strength of cove
... Show MoreWell integrity is a vital feature that should be upheld into the lifespan of the well, and one constituent of which casing, necessity to be capable to endure all the interior and outside loads. The casing, through its two basic essentials: casing design and casing depth adjustment, are fundamental to a unique wellbore that plays an important role in well integrity. Casing set depths are determined based on fracturing pressure and pore pressure in the well and can usually be obtained from well-specific information. Based on the analyzes using the improved techniques in this study, the following special proposition can be projected: The selection of the first class and materials must be done correctly and accurately in accordance with
... Show MoreSocial media is known as detectors platform that are used to measure the activities of the users in the real world. However, the huge and unfiltered feed of messages posted on social media trigger social warnings, particularly when these messages contain hate speech towards specific individual or community. The negative effect of these messages on individuals or the society at large is of great concern to governments and non-governmental organizations. Word clouds provide a simple and efficient means of visually transferring the most common words from text documents. This research aims to develop a word cloud model based on hateful words on online social media environment such as Google News. Several steps are involved including data acq
... Show MoreThe current research deals with studying the petrophysical properties represented by the porosity and its distribution on the level of all units of the top and bottom of the Kirkuk Formation Group. The study area is located in Maysan province in the south-eastern part of Iraq in the Amara field. The Kirkuk Group was deposited in the Tertiary Age. The post-stack method using seismic inversion and creating a relationship between seismic data was accomplished using Hampson-Russel software at well Am-1 and Seismic lines Ama 20 and 30. The research results indicate high porosity values on top of the formation with a decrease in acoustic impedance (Z) and, therefore, a reduction in the density. At the same time, low porosity values were indica
... Show MoreBackground Anorectal carcinoma includes the anal margin, the anal canal, and the lower rectum. The incidences of anal tumors represent 1.4 % of all gastrointestinal tumors.
Patients and methods Our study is retrospective and was conducted at Baghdad Medical City. Patient’s data were collected from the medical records through a predesigned sheet that included the following information: demographic data, medical history, past-history, presenting symptoms, pathological data, and treatment details.
Results The median age was 49 years. As regard tumor extension, 85.71 % of patients had anal disease, while anorectal cancer was encount
The middle Cenomanian – early Turonian Mishrif Formation, a major carbonate reservoir unit in southern Iraq, was studied using cuttings and core samples and wireline logs (gamma‐ray, density and sonic) from 66 wells at 15 oilfields. Depositional facies ranging from deep marine to tidal flat were recorded. Microfacies interpretations together with wireline log interpretations show that the formation is composed of transgressive and regressive hemicycles. The regressive hemicycles are interpreted to indicate the progradation of rudist lithosomes (highstand systems tract deposits) towards distal basinal locations such as the Kumait, Luhais and Abu Amood oilfield areas. Transgressive hemicycles (transgressive systems tract deposits)
... Show Moreهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى قياس مستوى الوعي بأبعاد المواطنة الرقمية لدى طلاب برامج بكالوريوس التربية بجامعة ظفار، وعلاقته بمتغيرات النوع، التخصص، والمعدل التراكمي. تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في الدراسة، وقد تكون مجتمعها من جميع طلاب قسم التربية بكلية الآداب والعلوم التطبيقية بجامعة ظفار، حيث تم اختيار عينة عشوائية تكونت من (81) طالبًا وطالبة خلال العام الدراسي 2024 / 2025 من طلاب برنامج بكالوريوس التربية تقني
... Show MoreNumerical and experimental investigation of blood flow through stenotic and tapered arteries under pulsation condition are studied. Blood is considered as non-Newtonian fluid. Artery is considered as a rigid wall tapered vessel with different tapering angles (0.5o
, 1o ,1.5o ), as well as, straight vessel for comparison. The governing equations have been written in stream- vorticity method
and are transformed into generalized coordinate system. The time marching has been employed to solve the resulting partial differential equations. The experimental work carried out to examine pressure in vessel and pressure drop across the stenosis under pulsation condition. Differential pressure transducer coupled to the data acquision card
Sewer system plays an essential task in urban cities by protecting public health and the environment. The operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation of this network have to be sustainable and scientifically. For this purpose, it is crucial to support operators, decision makers and municipalities with performance evaluation procedure that is based on operational factors. In this paper, serviceability and performance indicator (PI) principles are employed to propose methodology comprising two enhanced PI curves that can be used to evaluate the individual sewers depending on operational factors such as flowing velocity and wastewater level in the sewers. To test this methodology; a case study of al-Rusafa in Baghdad city is
... Show MoreTumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) antagonists’ therapy are expensive and has a non-responsive rate between 30% to 40% in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Genetic variation plays a vital role in the responsiveness to this type of therapy.The aim of this study is to investigate if the presence of genetic polymorphism in the TNF-α gene promoter region at locations -376 G/A (rs1800750), -806 C/T (rs4248158), and -1031 T/C (rs1799964) affects rheumatoid arthritis patient's tendency to be a non-responder to etanercept.
Eighty RA patients on etanercept (ETN) for at least six months were recruited from the Rheumatology Unit at Baghdad Teaching Hospital. Based on The European League Against Rheumatism response (EULAR) criteria, patient
... Show MoreGypseous soils are considered one of the most problematic soils. The skirted foundation is an alternative technology that works to improve the bearing capacity and reduce settlement. This paper investigates the use of square skirted foundations resting on gypseous soil subjected to concentric and eccentric vertical load with eccentricity values of 4, 8, and 17 mm in 16 experimental model tests. To obtain the results by using this type of foundation, a small-scale physical model was designed to obtain the load–settlement behavior of the square skirted foundation; the dimension of the square footing is 100 mm × 100 mm with 1 mm thickness, the skirt depth (
Recent years have seen an explosion in graph data from a variety of scientific, social and technological fields. From these fields, emotion recognition is an interesting research area because it finds many applications in real life such as in effective social robotics to increase the interactivity of the robot with human, driver safety during driving, pain monitoring during surgery etc. A novel facial emotion recognition based on graph mining has been proposed in this paper to make a paradigm shift in the way of representing the face region, where the face region is represented as a graph of nodes and edges and the gSpan frequent sub-graphs mining algorithm is used to find the frequent sub-structures in the graph database of each emotion. T
... Show Moreيُعد المراهقون أهم عنصر من عناصر المجتمع المنتج والمتقدم، وذلك لأنهم يمثلون أهم الموارد البشرية ويمثلون الركيزة الأساسية والطاقة الفعالة التي يعتمد عليها في دفع عجلة التنمية وتحقيقها بكل أبعادها، لذلك يجب غرس مفاهيم الأمن الفكري في نفوس وعقول المراهقين لما في ذلك من أهمية للتصدي لكل أنواع المؤثرات التي قد تؤدي إلى الانحرافات الفكرية، وذلك من خلال فهمهم للقضايا الإنسانية والاجتماعية والثقافية، والمواطنة
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