A study was conducted to investigate the effect of the brick industry on the environmental system of these project soils of the brick factories in Alnahrawan district. Remote sensing techniques was used to study the relationship between the spectral reflectivity and the vegetative index on the one hand and some surface soil characters of the project and to determine the variation in vegetation cover for the same area and for two different periods.Ten sites were selected to study spectral reflectivity under similar geomorphological conditions near the brickworks project in the Anahrawan district with an area of 10,000 hectares. Soil samples were taken from the surface and at a depth of 0-30 cm. Some chemical and physical character

An experiment was conducted to study the thermodynamic parameters (Q₁₀, Ea, Ha, Sa and Ga) of urease in loamy sand and silty clay soils treated with different sources of organic residues (cow residue, alfalfa leaves, wheat straw and poultry residue). Residues were mixed with soil at rate of 2%. The amended soils were incubated at 30°C for 30 days to undergo biochemical, chemical and physico-chemical reaction. Amended soils were incubated at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80°C. Urease activity was assayed and thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Results indicated that urease activity of amended soil was higher than that of con

This study was aimed to evaluate the anti-oxidant activity of mmthanol extracts from roasted and unroasted sesame seeds cake (RSC, URSC) and ethanol extracts from sesameccoat (SC) usingDDPPH and reducing power activity (RPA) assay. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of obtained extracts were done using RP-HPLC technique, the results revealed that the extracts were contained anti-oxidents(lignans ) sesamin ,ssesamolin andssesamol in different amounts Also the RPA of URSC extract at (10, 20, & 50 mg/ml) was similar to that ofbBHT , while that for RSC was similar to BHT at 30 mg/ml. Additionally, The RPA SC extract was comparable to that of BHT at ( 20 , 30  , and 50 mg/ml). It has been noticed that the radical scave

Fifteen local isolates of Pseudomonas were obtained from several sources such as soil, water and some high-fat foods (Meat, olives, coconuts, etc.). The ability of isolates to produce lipase was measured by the size of clear zone on Tween 20 solid medium and by measuring the enzymatic activity and specific activity. Isolate M3 (as named in this study) was found to be the most efficient for the production of the lipase with enzymatic activity reached 56.6 U/ml and specific activity of 305.94 U/mg. This isolate was identified through genetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. and it was shown that the isolate M3 belongs to Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 99% similarity.&n

 Seventeen local isolates of Bacillus were isolated from soil to produce extracellular xylanase under submerged fermentation process by using xylan as carbon sole source. All isolates were subjected  to quantitative scanning to select the most efficient one. The highest activity of xylanase (2680u/ml) was obtained from isolate Bacillus sp RS1. The isolate identified by 16SrRNA gene sequence of Bacillus subtilis  ( accuracy of 99%)which was matched with sequence of Bacillus subtilis VBN25 that recorded in Genebank under the Accession Number of

Two field experiments were carried out during winter seasons 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 at the Research and Production Station, National Research Centre, El-Nubaria Province, El-Behira Governorate, Egypt. The main objective of this study is to evaluate growth, yield and yield component of some lentil varieties (Giza 29, Giza 51, Giza 9, Giza 370 and Giza 4) under different irrigation system (sprinkler and dripping irrigation). Results were showed that Giza 29 produced the highest 100 seed weight (1.50 gm), seed yield (1.23 ton/ha) and harvest index 2.34%, however Giza 51 recorded the highest number of pods and seed yield/plant. Furthermore, Giza 9 recorded the highest number of branches and biological yield (1.25 ton/ha), however ei

This study was aimed four electrodes were synthesized based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). Two MIPs were prepared by using bromhexine hydrochloride (BHH) as the template, acryl amide (AA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as monomers as well as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and penta erythritol triacrylate (PETA) as cross linkers respectively and benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The same composition was used in preparation of non-imprinted polymers (NIPs), but without the template (Bromhexine hydrochloride). To prepare the membranes, different plasticizers were used in PVC matrix such as: Di butyl sebacate (DBS), acetophenone (AP), di-octyl phthalate (DOPH) and tri-2-ethyl hexyl phosphate (TEHP). The characteristics

Plastic food containers and bags are classified as the most dangerous food and water contaminants around the world, because of the possibility to transfer the chemicals from it to food as a result of heating. Therefore this study was aimed to estimate the chemical pollutants (heavy metals included lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and zinc) that transfer from plastic food containers and bags to food. Thirty food containers (15 packages and 15 bags) synthesized from Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) were purchased from the local market in Baghdad. Cut each into small equal pieces (0.5×0.5) cm and placed in a thermo glass containers then submerged 3 food solution (D.

The research Milled I building proposed mechanism for institutional coordination between apicultural research and agricultural service ordain Faction operating in the و agricultural extension Governorate of Karbala, In order to achieve the objectives of the research, a questionnaire was prepared, including a five point scale consisting of (120) items distributed on (5) fields and (9) axes, the research was carried out in Karbala governorate on a random sample of 24 % of the research Community, which is composed of 524 respondents thus the research sample become 126 respondents. By presenting the proposed mechanism on the sample of the research, the final forum was Weight mean greater reached using the following standard: the ite

Soybean is the most important pulse crop in the world and especially Egypt. It’s import a lot of soybean.  Water is one of the major limiting factors of soybean production in semiarid regions as Egypt. Therefore, choosing the appropriate irrigation system and quantity are very important for obtaining high crop production and overcoming the lack of water and not affect yield. Experiments ware conducted carried out during summer season at years 2017 and 2018, in privet Farm in north Delta, in Qalbsho area, Belqas Center, Dakahlia Government, Egypt, to investigate production of five varieties of soybean (Giza 22, Giza 21, Crawford, Giza 111 and Giza 35), affected by three irrigation intervals (4 and 6 days) and treatment (pot

 This study was conducted in lath house, Dept. of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, Coll. of Agricultural Engineering Sciences – Univ. of Baghdad during 2017 / 2018 growing seasons to investigate the influence of biofertilizers and poultry manure on 2 year's old trees of hawthorn transplants. This study included two treatments: four types of biofertilizers control (B₁), Azospirillum brasilense (B₂), Bacillus megatherium (B₃) and A. brasilense + B. megatherium (B₄) and thre

This study was aimed to found out the type of  bacterial species grown on the surface of date palm tissue culture media. Shoot tips of date palm (Barhi cv.) were cultured on MS media supplemented with various combinations of hormones. During  growth an infection was appeared in all cultures with gray colour. Primarily identification, proved  a bacterial infection due to its colour and appearance. The genus Arthrobacter was isolated Antibiotic sensitivity test showed that the isolate was sensitive to ciprofloxacin,Trimethoprim, and Amikacin and resistant  to Clarithromycin,Ceftriaxone and Gentamycin. Sequence analysis of 16 rRNA indicated a new isolates   were closely related to the  

Water pollution with toxic heavy metals represents a most important problem, as a result of releasing these metals to ecological ambient without treatment, leading to their persistence and non-biodegradation. A variety of traditional methods are utilized as an attempt to remove heavy metals from waste water, but still without making any actual progress. In present work Eichhorniacrassipes (water hyacinth) root and  shoot powder ,and ash case with chitosan  are used as a removal system for  heavy metals (HM), including lead, copper and  cadmium from waste water via biosorption process .It  was carried out by using two different experimental conditions: (i) heavy metal concentration (1000 ppm), wit

This study was aimed to explore the safe levels of the aqueous and alcoholic extract of the pamper (Cordia myxa) fruit in used mice, and its effect on vital organs.Various doses of 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 mg/kg  body weight were used in this study for both aqueous and alcoholic extracts for the entire week. The safe doses of aqueous and alcoholic extracts were then used with 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg / kg body weight and continued observation for two weeks. At the end of the experiment, animal weights were taken, mice were then executed and weights of some of important biological organs such as kidney and liver were weighed and examined for histopathological segments. The results of the study did not show any l

A simple, rapid, accurate, sensitive and ecofriendly method has been developed for the quantitative determination of Cefixime (CFX) in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations by using a combination of cloud point extraction with UV-Visible absorption spectrophotometric method. Analytical applications of complexation with metal ions by reacting Cefixime (CFX) with  Iron (III) to form chelate complexes under limited experimental conditions. The method based to dissolved CFX in 0.1 M NaOH,  10% (v/v) Triton X-114 and  mixed with (1000 μg mL^-1<

This study was aimed to investigate the Portulaca oleracea is a succulent plant in Portulacaceae family distributed around different regions of Iraq as collected widely in the gardens of Baghdad governorate. The results of this study shown that a systematic significant of morphological and anatomical data. Individuals of purslane showed herb habit with branched shoot stems. Stems and leaves are glabrous and leaves are alternate, the petiole is absent. There is variation in morphological characters as (Flowers, inflorescence architecture), these inflorescences were viewed as clustered in the form of small one carrying many male and female flowers as the inflorescences take the form of lon

The current research was carried out to enhance Aloe vera propagation via tissue culture technique. BA at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/l alone or combined with 0.1 mg/l NAA were used for shoot proliferation. The best result was recorded by using 2mgl-1 BAP (5.33 shoots/ explant). Meanwhile, combination between 2 mg/l BAP with (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6) mg/l kinetin, NAA or IBA were tested and best protocol was shown by using 2 mg1-1 BAP + 0.6 NAA which recorded 4.89 shoots/ explant. For rooting, MS medium at half and full strength salts were used supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4mgl-1 of NAA. The result revealed that 3 mg1-1 NAA at half strength of MS medium regenerate developed roots (8.67 roots / shoot) within 4 weeks. The well successful healthy plantl

This research was aimed at analyzing the saving behavior of Saudi households in AL-HASA governorate, the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. Data was collected via questionnaire randomly distributed to a sample of 308 Saudi households. The poverty line income was estimated as equivalent to break-even level in saving function, was estimated at 10500 Saudi Riyals per month. Using OLS method consumption and saving functions for Saudi households in AL-HASA governorate were estimated.  The marginal propensity to save for poor was higher than that of non-poor households with a statistically significant difference of about 0.35. This indicates that poor households are more willing to save compared to non-poor households if income incre

A field study was conducted to observe the effects of chemical fruit thinning and their time of application on fruit yield and quality of date palm cv. Khalas at Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. Fourteen date palm trees were randomly selected for the experiment, which was laid out on two-factorial randomized complete block design having six replicates for each treatment. Factor-one comprised of the six chemical (ammonium thiosulphate at 1, 2, and 3% and ethephon at 100, 200 and 300ppm) excluding control, whereas the second factor was the time of application of these two chemical thinners (5 and 10 days after pollination). The findings of this study indicated that the chemical fruit th

A study was conducted to specify mutations of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)  in the nucleotides of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) and their molecular relationship with heterosis exhibited by the six A- lines and three R-testers of sunflower. The trail was conducted at the fields of the College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, Abu Ghraib during two seasons (spring and fall 2016). Parental lines were crossed according to lineΧtester crossing scheme to produce 18 single hybrids, genotypes were sown to assess their phenotypic performance in the fall season. Results of the molecular analysis of ITS sequencing showed that the rearrangement of single nucleotides had acc

The aim of this study is to develop and predict models of tractive efficiency using the artificial neural network and stepwise approach. The tractive efficiency of tractor (CASE JX75T) was measured experimentally. Experiments were conducted in the site of Basrah University. Which had silty clay soil texture. The field conditions included effect of two level of cone index (550 and 980 kPa), two level of moisture content (8 and 21%), three forward speeds (0.54, 0.83 and 1.53 m/s) and four level of tillage depths (10, 15, 20 and 25 cm). The results illustrated that both developed models (stepwise approach and ANN technique) had acceptable performance for predicting tractive efficiency of tractor und

Corrosion is the deterioration or destruction of metals and alloys in the presence of an environment by chemical or electrochemical means. The phenomenon of corrosion behavior studies is three elements include economic, safety and maintenance. Pitting corrosion is a localized form of corrosion by which cavities or "holes" are produced interring the material layer surface. It's considered to be more dangerous than uniform corrosion damage because it is more difficult to detect, predict and design against. Pitting corrosion can produce pits with open holes or covered with a semi-permeable capsule of corrosion products. In this review, we study about the pitting corrosion mechanism and stages in the manufacture food equipment metals

A research  was  carried out in the lath house of the College of Agricultural Engineering sciences / University of Baghdad / Al-Jadriyah,  for three growth seasons Spring 2017, Fall 2017 and Spring 2018 to study the effect of different fertilization methods, were Fertigation (Ft) , Foliar application (Fa), traditional soil fertilization (Fo) and growth stimulant with two concentrations 0 (D0) and 1.5 mg.L^-1 (D1)  on the growth of local Citrus limon L. Saplings grafted on Citrus aurantium L. (So), C. volkameriana  (Vo), and Citrumello (Co). Saplings were cultivated in 10 kg plastic containers. A factorial experiment was carried out according to the Nested-Factorial Exp

This experiment was conducted to study the association of Ghrelin gene polymorphisms and expression levels with some productive and carcass traits of broiler chickens. Two hundred broiler chicks, one day old Ross308, were wing-tagged and reared under conventional conditions. Blood samples were collected individually of all birds to study of ghrelin gene polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP technique. Proventriculus was collected at 35 days of age from thirty birds of each groups sorted according to high, moderate and low growth rate to measure ghrelin gene expression by real-time RT-PCR. Result revealed that final body weight and weight gain were not significantly influenced by ghrelin gene , whereas body weight and weight gain of males and

This study was conducted to determine the description of Mn adsorption phenomena through adsorption isotherms in some calcareous soils at Sulaimani governorate. Soil samples were taken at 0-30 cm depth from five different agricultural locations. Duplicate 1 gm of soil samples were equilibrated at 298 and 318°K with 50 ml of 0.01M CaCl₂ containing (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40) mg Mn L^-1 as (MnSO₄. H₂O). The concentration of Mn determined in solution by using ICP-OES. The amount of Mn adsorbed by each soil samples was calculated. The thermodynamic parameters ΔH°, ΔG°, ΔS° were determined using adsorption data and concentration of Mn in equilibrium solution at two different temperatur

The aim of this research is to identify the role of the agricultural initiative and the supporting devices in the development of palm orchards in Diwaniyah and Muthanna provinces. The aims of the research a questionnaire was prepared consisting (62) items distributed over (7) roles. The provinces of Diwaniyah and Muthanna were chosen for conducting the research. The owners of palm orchards benefiting from the agricultural initiative in the development of palm orchards in the provinces of Diwaniyah and Muthanna were (623) borrowers: including (294) borrowers for the establishment of modern palm groves and (329) borrowers  for the development and service of existing palm orchards. A random sample 20% was selected from the rese

This research was aimed to identify the most important factors affecting the production of wheat crop in Iraq for the period 1990-2016. The ARDL model was used to interpret the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables in the search. The research concluded that the continuous increases in the population would lead to increases in support to the wheat crop due to the increase in consumer demand for this crop, which prompts the state to try to encourage producers to achieve increases in production. The research also found that increases in inflation led to higher levels of support because rising inflation rates unfairly distribute income among individuals, therefore the government is

The first and only annotated index of the domestic literature on cedar for 1755–1957 «Cedar forests and integrated use» was compiled by well-known local historian M.F. Petrov and published in Sverdlovsk in 1961. The index includes 614 works combined into 7 sections: fruiting of cedar forests, pine nuts, resin tapping of cedar, physicochemical properties of cedar wood, natural regeneration and cedar cultures, insect pest and complex use of cedar forests. Interest in study and use of cedar forests increased sharply after the decree of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR of October 26, 1957 «On measures to improve the use of cedar plantations, development of handicrafts and increase in harvesting of pine nuts, fur peltries, u

This study was aimed to determine the effect of milk fortification with encapsulated and non-encapsulated iron on the physiochemical, rheological and sensory properties of the functional yoghurt. Different concentrations of capsulated ferrous sulphate 5, 7.5, 15 mg / 100ml milk were used and represented as T2,T3 and T4 treatments respectively, as well as the treatment with non-encapsulated iron 15 mg / 100 ml as T1 and control treatment (C) in which yoghurt was made from whole milk without iron addition. The physiochemical, rheological and sensory properties of the products were tested during storage period at a temperature ( 5 ± 1) ° C.

The present study has been done to assess the mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of honey formed by innovative way (HW) in comparison with two  honey formed by different feed sources ; nectar of flowers (HF) and sugar syrup (HS), against the cytotoxity and genotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) in mice bone marrow cells ,which was evaluated using chromosomal aberration (CA).  This search was carried out through two stages. In the first stage, mice were orally treated daily with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) as negative control group, and the other three groups were orally  treated daily with two doses  of the three types of  honey (300 and 600 mg/kg) for  7 a