The purpose of this study is to demonstrate a simple high sensitivity vapor sensor for propanol ((CH3)2CHOH). A free space gap was employed in two arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to serve as the sensing mechanism by adding propanol volume (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1) ml and to set the phase reference with a physical spacing of (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2) mm. The propagation constant of transmitted light in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer’s gap changes due to the small variation in the refractive index inside sensing arm that will further shift the optical phase of the signal. Experimental results indicated that the highest sensitivity of propanol was about 0.0275 nm/ml in different liquid volume while highest phase shift was 0.182×103 i

The codification of the social history of the city of Baghdad will be filled with an inherited folklore that has been descended to it from the previous generations with all its tales of folk tales, metaphors, parables, crafts and industries. Immortal

Abstract :

The study seeks to highlight the importance of moderate religious discourse and dialogue and the rejection of extremist discourse that renews the crises and wounds of history.  And that is through the means and efforts exerted, which is changing the extremist religious discourse to a moderate religious discourse, as well as calling on religious figures, whether they are followers of Judaism, Christianity or Islam, to search for a common ground for understanding and coexistence, because extremism in the name of God is the enemy for all and not for countries or religions in particular.

 Also, through the necessity of confronting terrorist threats by making more efforts

Catalytic microwave-assisted pyrolysis of biomass is gaining popularity as an alternative to fossil fuels due to health, environmental, climate, and economic issues. This study conducted a catalytic pyrolysis process of the Albizia plant's branches using an Iraqi clay catalyst (bentonite) focusing on the variables including the biomass-particle size, experimental time, microwave power level, and the catalyst-to-biomass ratio. The physical and chemical properties of the resulting biofuel were analyzed presented by HHV, acidity, density, viscosity, GC-MS, FTIR for bio-oil and SEM, EDX, BET, HHV, FTIR for biochar. The study revealed that addition of bentonite as a catalyst led to enhanced production of biogas produced from 5% to 45% and dec

The research aims to determine what a photograph intends to convey as a visual text. Photographs are not captured randomly, especially those of politicians. Each photograph carries a message, even if interpretations of that message vary from person to person. The research adopts a methodology based on semiotic analysis, applying Laurent Gervero's model to analyze a photograph of the Iraqi Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kadhimi's visit to Fallujah on the anniversary of the victory over ISIS. The photographs in question constitute a visual language built upon a sequence of iconic symbols and signs. These elements coalesce to give rise to an image centered around a particular theme, one designed to convey a precise messag

                يهدف البحث إلى دراسة تقدير التعويض المستحق للمتضررين من الأعمال الإرهابية بالاسترشاد بالأنظمة القانونية في المملكة العربية السعودية وتجربة المشرع الفرنسي والمصري بداية بالخلاف حول تعريف العمل الإرهابي، وتحليل مدى التزام الدول بتعويض المضرور من الأعمال الإرهابية، والأساس القانوني لتعويض الضرر، وكيفية استحقاق المضرور للتعويض وعلاقته بمعايير التعويض وكي

The importance of physical and nonphysical architectural design values made architectural designers need good experience to be experts of architectural values reasonably without neglecting any value in the design process.  The importance of such values made that ignoring any values and mistakes occurs in the design process. Simultaneously, architectural designers' different nature and the difference in their experiences are causing different understandings of the design values, thus causing architectural mistakes. The research problem appears from the randomly propagating of mistakes in contemporary architecture, which is about to become a phenomenon in Al Sulaymaniyah city. The research aims to find the main reason

The study of the good and malignant traumas constitutes an important aspect of the medicine science currently simply because most of these traumas are considered one of the incurable morbid cases,

بدأت التطورات في تكنولوجيا السِيارات ذاتية القيادة بالفعل في تعطيل اعتبارات تصنيع السِيارات والتأمين عليها، وبالمثل ظهرت أسئلة جديدة لاسيما إذا علمنا أن اضرارها قد تكون تقنية، لذا فأن الخطأ التكنولوجي قد يحتاج أيضًا إلى النظر فيه مع خطأ السائق، لذا بدأت هذه الظواهر في إثارة أفكار جديدة حول من يتحمل الخطر وكيف يقع التأمين، ومدى المساس بالبيانات الشّخصية عند الاطلاع عليها من لدن شركات التامين.

Liquid-liquid membrane extraction technique, pertraction, using three types of solvents (methyl isobutyl ketone, n-butyl acetate, and n-amyl acetate) was used for recovery of penicillin V from simulated fermentation broth under various operating conditions of pH value (4-6) for feed and (6-8) for receiver phase, time (0-40 min), and agitation speed (300-500 rpm) in a batch laboratory unit system. The optimum conditions for extraction were at pH of 4 for feed, and 8 for receiver phase, rotation speed of 500 rpm, time of 40 min, and solvent of MIBK as membrane, where more than 98% of penicillin was extracted. 

The Studying of  historian aspects in Al-Hadieth books  , such as " Al-Musnad  Book    " subjected to  Al-Imam Abi Yalaa Al-mousily" ,has great importance in the field of Islamic history , in which Al- Al-Imam Abi Yalaa Al-mousily  has presented valued information that  have significant impact on the understanding of history, Have a significant impact on the understanding of Islamic history

Convert is one of the Islamic manuscript that contains an important data as the finishing date of copy , the place of copy ,the name of the copy in addition to mention converting of many data about schools,and holy places. Many copiers tried to record historical data that can not be found in other places.

الاستثمار الاجنبي المباشر في العراق ودوره في تحقيق التنمية الاقتصادية

     The study was conducted to evaluate antitumor effects of green tea (Camellia sinensis) extracts (aqueous and methanolic) on Rhabdomyosarcoma; cell line and a normal cell line; mouse embryo fibroblast; Chemical detections of green tea extracts revealed that the aqueous and methanolic extracts were positive for flavonoids, alkaloids, phenol and glycosides. The percentage growth inhibition of five plant concentrations (50, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 µg/ml) were assessed in vitro using tumor cell lines Rhabdomyosarcoma and normal cell line mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The results revealed that the five concentrations of the plant extracts showed anti-tumor properties in a concentration-dependent manner

  Coccidiosis is the most common and important disease of poultry resulting in great economic losses world widely. The objective of this study was to define the species of Eimeria, their prevalence, and gut histopathological lesions in quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in Thi-Qar province, Iraq. Over the period of ten months (December 2019 to September 2020), a total of 330 fresh fecal samples (201 from males and 129 from females) were collected from different marketplaces and farms in Thi-Qar province. Direct smear and flotation techniques were used to examine the presence of Eimeria oocysts in the fecal samples. The sporulated oocyst shape indices were measured microscopically. Hematoxylin and e

This study was aimed to prepare ready food from some meat proteins

   جاء البحث تحت عنوان (( التنظيم القانوني لتوزيع المقاعد النيابية في العراق في ظل قانون رقم ( 45 ) لسنة 2013 المعدل وآثاره على قيمة المقعد النيابي )) كجزء من الاستجابة لمتطلبات الظروف الراهنة التي يمر العراق، فبعد خوض غمار كل تجربة من التجارب الانتخابية التي نخوضها كل اربعة سنوات لانتخاب مجلس نواب جديد تتعالى الصيحات لتعديل نظم توزيع المقاعد النيابية، حتى توهم البعض انه الشيطان الكامن خلف كل ظلام الازمات ال

المقدمه:  يُعرَّف العقم بأنه عدم قدرة الأزواج المصابين بالعقم على الحمل بعد عام واحد على الأقل من الجماع غير المحمي ، حيث تمثل العوامل الذكورية نصف الحالات الموثقة تقريبًا. تم تحديد عدة أسباب لعقم الذكور ، ولكن السبب الحقيقي في غالبية الحالات غير معروف.

الاهداف: دراسة تأثيرن-استيل سستين على معاملات السائل المنوي في المرضى الذين يعانون من قلة,وهن وامساخ الحيوانات ا

Background: Wounds are any disruption to the normal anatomic structure of tissue which leads to the loss of epithelial continuity with or without a loss of underlying connective tissue, as well as the anatomic and functional integrity of the living tissue . Wound healing is a complex process with overlapping phases haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and maturation/matrix Remodeling. Each phase of wound healing requires different management strategies, and inappropriate treatment can delay wound healing. The aim of wound treatment is a rapid wound closure and re-establish tissue function,chia seeds oil are widely used herbal medicines because of their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity as they considerd agood source of polyunsa

       تستعرض هذه الدراسة التحولات التي طرأت على الشعارات السياسية، والعبارات الرائجة، والقوالب النمطية في روسيا والعراق خلال فترات تغيير الأنظمة السياسية في أواخر القرن العشرين وأوائل القرن الحادي والعشرين. الهدف الرئيسي من العمل هو التحديد والتحليل المقارن للتغيرات اللغوية والثقافية التي رافقت التحولات السياسية في كلا البلدين.

تشمل منهجية البحث تحليل محتوى النصوص السياسية، والتحليل المقارن للتح

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على تأثير الاسلوب التبادلي للاختبار القبلي بعدي في تعلم بعض المهارات الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة لطلبة المرحلة المتوسطة نمط الشخصية (B) و(C) والتعرف على تأثير الاسلوب التبادلي للاختبار البعدي بعدي بين نمطي الشخصية (B) (C)، وتم استخدام المنهج التجريبي (تصميم المجموعتين التجريبيتين)، لنمطي التفكير (B) و(C)، وتمثلت عينة بمجموعة من طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة للمرحلة الثانية تم اختيار (10) طلاب منهم، وتم

De-waxing of lubricating oil distillate (400-500 ºC) by using urea was investigated in the
present study. Lubricating oil distillate produced by vacuum distillation and refined by furfural
extraction was taken from Al-Daura refinery. This oil distillate has a pour point of 34 ºC. Two solvents
were used to dilute the oil distillate, these are methyl isobutyl ketone and methylene chloride. The
operating conditions of the urea adduct formation with n-paraffins in the presence of methyl isobutyl
ketone were studied in details, these are solvent to oil volume ratio within the range of 0 to 2, mixer
speed 0 to 2000 rpm, urea to wax weight ratio 0 to 6.3, time of adduction 0 to 71 min and temperature
30-70 ºC). Pour poin

Stylistics represents a modern approach in understanding the literary text through the linguistic patterns that form it. The distinctive phenomena that the text includes constitute special features in it. As well as exploring its aesthetic aspects through description and analysis at the same time. The close link between stylistics and linguistics made stylistics occupy a prominent place in modern literary criticism.
In this regard, we do not want to dwell on the different directions of stylistics. Rather, we will prolong the discussion in the study of the style as a (deviation. Aversion) from the original. Because this trend plays on the chord of the paradox between the surface structure and the deep structure, especially when the sur

The infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease of broiler chickens and the development of a new genetic variant of the virus is responsible for major economic losses in the poultry industry. For this purpose, it was essential to isolate the molecular characterization of the virus from vaccinated broiler in Erbil, Iraq. Clinically, the infectious bursal disease is characterized by high mortality (10-15%) with hemorrhagic lesions on the breast and thigh muscles, hemorrhagic and edematous bursa of diseased chickens. In this study, the Bursa of Fabricus (BF) samples were collected between June 2018 and January 2019. Histopathological changes of the bursal sections showed

    ان التقسيم المعقول للدوائر الانتخابية سيؤدي الى استقرار النظام السياسي ، وطالما ان المواطن سيصوت وسيكون له تأثير في العملية الانتخابية ، فينبغي ان يكون صوته له وزن يعادل صوت الناخبين في الدوائر الأخرى ، لذلك يبرز مبدأ التقسيم المعقول للدوائر الانتخابية كأساس سليم لإقامة اي نظام قانوني خاص بالدوائر الانتخابية ، وضمانة اساسية لتطبيق العدالة في كل مفاصل عملية التقسيم بحكم ما يتمتع به من عمومية وقا

Administration of bromocriptine (100 g) to rats on day 7 of pseudopregnancy (P.P.) caused a marked reduction in P.P. length associated with a significant reduction

The study aimed to assess the expression of CD49d and CD26 in newly diagnosed CLL patients and find their correlation with clinical Binet stage, and other clinical parameters. This study was conducted on 51 newly diagnosed CLL patients based on lymphocyte count > 5×109/L and immunophenotyping. The expression of CD49d, and CD26 were investigated using eight-color flow cytometer. The expression of CD49d and CD26 were detected in 56.9 %, 68.8 % of CLL patients, respectively. The correlation between CD49d expression and CD26 expression was statistically significant (p < 0.001) with high concordance rate between them. The positive expression of both CD49d and CD26 had statistically significant association with clinical Binet staging (p < 0.001,

Praise be to Allah the Merciful, Praise be to him what has guided us and blessed, with thanks for what Olanna, Akram, and prayed God to Muhammad, the Seal of the Prophets and The God of the good and virtuous, and to his family Almentajabin.