The organation ⁄monomer N-naphthylacrylamide (NAA) was prepared; subsequently the synthesized monomer was successfully copolymerized with acrylicacid (AA) and methylacrylate (MA) by free radical technique using dry benzene as solvent and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as initiator. The overall conversion was kept low (≤ 10% wt/wt) for all studies copolymers samples. The synthesized monomer and copolymers were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and their thermal properties were studied by DSC and TGA. The copolymers compositions were determined by elemental analysis. Kelen-Tudes and Finmman-Ross graphical procedures were employed to determine

The investment government expenditure is considered the fundamental of enhancing the economic activity as it has become a mean for achieving capital accumulation in all economic  sectors, The Iraqi economy is characterized of being yield unilateral depending petroleum  revenues as an essential  resource of financing government expenditure , as  the contribution of petroleum  sector in GDP is large in proportions to other economic sectors  contribution.

 The relationship between investing government expenditure, and non-oil GDP  is about to be not existent during the

Background: Practicing self-medication is common and a worrisome issue because of irrational drug use. This study aimed to evaluate self-medication knowledge and views among the final year pharmacy students in Iraq.  Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from December 2018 to January 2019. A pre-validated and self-administered questionnaire was recruited to survey pharmacy students at the University of Baghdad and Al-Rafedain University College. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20 (SPSS v. 20) software used to save and analyze the data. Results expressed as numbers and percentages. Results:  A total of 344 students (response rate: 94.24%) with a mean age of 22.10 years includ

The study was conducted in the Tigris River in Baghdad during May 2021 until March 2022 to follow the impact of climate change, rising temperatures, and the presence of pollutants on the dynamics of phytoplankton and some physicochemical variables from four sites. The results showed that the climatic conditions during different seasons, in addition to the nature of the sampling sites, have a clear and significant impact on the studied traits and, in turn, affect the phytoplankton community. The highest average temperature (30.67 ˚C) was recorded; the pH values ranged between 8.70 & 6.75; the electrical conductivity (1208.18-770.11 µS/cm ) and the total dissolved solids (TDS) (778.95- 439.49 mg/L) were evaluated. Upon measuring

Background: The human face has its special characteristics. It may be categorized into essentially three kinds in horizontal and vertical directions: short or brachyfacial, medium or mesofacial and long or dolichofacial. The aim of this study was to describe several orofacial indices and proportions of adults, according to gender in Iraqi subjects by using cone beam computed tomography . materials and methods: This prospective study included 100 Iraqi patients (males and females) ranging from 20 to 40 years. All subjects attended the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department of Health Specialist Center for Dentistry in AL Sadr city in Baghdad taking cone beam computed tomography scan for different diagnostic purposes from October 2016 to

The research aims to explain the stage of recording Qur’anic readings in the blogs and writings of other sciences until it reached an independent, integrated science based on its principles, for which separate books were devoted to it, because of the necessity of highlighting that stage in which the science of Qur’anic readings overlapped with the blogs of other sciences. Because it relates to the gradual maturity of this science and its historical paths, the goal of the research is achieved by answering questions, the most important of which are: What are the science records in which Quranic readings were found, and what are the books that were unique to writing about this science. The researcher followed the inductive and desc

The condition known as hypothyroidism is common in women, even in those who are fertile. The quantity and caliber of follicles present in the ovary at any one moment are known as the ovarian reserve. Individuals who are susceptible to a decreased ovarian reserve ought to have an assessment of their ovarian reserve conducted. The purpose of this research is to assess the impact of hypothyroidism on Iraqi women's ovarian reserve using Inhibin B hormone and hormone tests FSH, LH. There was no discernible variation in the average (±SD) age from (20 to 40) years of the patient group compared to the control group (p-value 0.08). However the mean BMI of the patients were statistically significantly different from the controls (P- value 0.006).Wom

من الضروري جدا ان يكون المسرح السياسي داخل فضاء كل عرض مسرحي ، لكون المسرح بشكل عام يحمل القيم والثقافات المختلفه في كافة بلدان العالم ، كان الاداء التمثيلي يلعب دورا مهما في منظومه العرض المسرحي وتعدد  أيضا جماليات الاداء في العرض المسرحي، وكذلك العروض المسرحية التي تقدم على خشبة المسرح هدفها الاساسي أيصال أفكار ورسائل وموضوعات متعددة الى الجمهور في ظل الاحداث والظروف التي لامست الواقع، أذ أصبح المتلقي

شهدت العملية التعليمية تطوراً ملحوظاً نتيجة التقدم التكنولوجي، مما جعل استخدام الوسائط المتعددة في التدريس ضرورة تربوية. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على دور الوسائط المتعددة في التدريس من وجهة نظر طلبة قسم التربية الفنية في كلية الفنون الجميلة بجامعة بغداد للعام الدراسي 2024–2025. اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وشملت عينة مكونة من 65 طالباً من الصف الرابع. استخدم الباحثان استبانة لجمع البيانات. أظهرت

يُظهر الإنتاج الخزفي المعاصر تبادلاً مؤثراً بين علم المواد والنظرية الجمالية والأسس المفاهيمية، مما يتطلب مهارات تقنية متطورة تتناسب مع الانخراط الفكري. تركز هذه الورقة على الدمج بين العوامل الجمالية والمعرفية في تشكيل الخزف، موضحةً كيف تسهم صيغ المواد المختلفة في دعم الممارسات المعاصرة في هذا المجال.

تُجري هذه الدراسة تحليلاً شاملاً لعدد من الحركات الفنية المؤثرة مثل التعبيرية التجريدية، التكعيبي

تعد الإعاقة البصرية (المكفوفين) إحدى فئات التربية الخاصة التي تحتاج إلى رعاية تبعاً لقدراتهم بهدف الاستفادة من طاقاتهم كأفراد منتجين في المجتمع مما يساهم في تحقيق الدمج الاجتماعي، ويعني ذلك توفير كافة السبل وإتاحة الفرص لهم كي يحيوا حياة كريمة في البيئة التي يحيا فيها أقرانهم العاديون وكل ما من شأنه تيسير سبل دمجهم مع أقرانهم والمحيطين بهم في المجتمع الذي يعيشون فيه. ولعدم وجود دراسة تناولت خصائص التعبير ا

تتلخص فكرة البحث بدراسة الكورال في الكنيسة الأرمنية العراقية والذي يمتد لقرن من الزمن او اكثر من ذلك. ضمن التراتيل الأرمنية التي تتجه خصائصها الفنية الموسيقية نحو الكورال المتعارف عليه في العالم والموسيقى والغناء المنهجي الأكاديمي، لذلك كان مبرر لدراسة هذا الفن لما له من اهمية وتأثير في بناء التراث العراقي الغنائي الديني والغناء المنهجي الدنيوي، وخصوصا ان فن الكورال يفتقر الى الدراسات العلمية العميقة في

The research deals with solar energy as one of the sources of renewable energies available in Iraq, which can be utilized. The research aims to identify the design pillars of the use of solar energy in street furniture and its relationship to formal variables. The research limits included street furniture manufactured by JCDecaux in Boston during the period 2015-2016, and included the theoretical framework which consists of two sections: solar energy (its beginnings and uses), and solar energy and its uses in Street furniture design.

As far as the research procedures and methodology are concerned, it adopted the descriptive approach in describing and analyzing the sample models in addition to describing and analyzing the sample i

This study examines how artificial intelligence (AI)-driven decision-making can be effectively balanced with human judgment to enhance organizational performance and ethical leadership. The research adopts a systematic literature review covering studies from 2015 to 2025, retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar. Through thematic analysis, the review identifies three core dimensions: (1) the impact of AI on strategic accuracy and operational efficiency, (2) the mediating role of human judgment in fostering innovation and trust, and (3) the influence of ethical AI governance on employee well-being and accountability. The findings reveal that organizations integrating AI’s analytical precision with leaders

Abstract The painful history of slavery has profoundly affected the identities and social interactions of Afro-Caribbean migrants, whose descendants continue to contend with prejudice and socio-economic marginalization. Andrea Levy's semi-autobiographical novel, The Long Song (2010), traces the turbulent history of Jamaica in the nineteenth century through the lens of Miss Kitty, a character based on Levy's great-great-great grandmother, who was born a slave on the plantation Amity in Saint Catherine's parish. The narrative blends the historical with the fictional and depicts various environmental contexts, inscribed meanings, and human exchanges, including the prominence of social situations perceived through race and class tensions ironic

Core decompression is one of the commonest used techniques in the handling of osteonecrosis of the pre-collapsed head of the femur. Core decompression had succeeded in preserving the hip joint and delaying the requisite for total hip replacement, but it had failed in the induction of osteogenesis in the necrotic area, thus augmenting core decompression with biological agents to induce osteogenic activity. To assess the effects of platelet-rich plasma in non-traumatic avascular necrosis of the hip joint (early stage) after core decompression. Interventional comparative study for twenty-four patients (32 hip joints) with AVN of the head of the femur was involved in this prospective study, and they were separated into two groups of 16

The present work aims to study the embryonic development of forebrain (Cerebrum) of a white-cheeked bulbul Pycnonotus leucotis (Gould, 1839) (Aves, Passeriformes, Pycnonotidae). Specimens for embryonic development were processed for paraffin embedding and stained with haematoxylin and eosin for histological study. The forebrain incubation consists of three layers, ependymal, mantle and marginal. The thickness of telencephalon was 43 μm while the thickness of diencephalon was 37 μm in an embryo of 48 hours incubation. The telencephalon consisted of two vesicles called cerebral hemispheres. The thickness of the telencephalon wall was 57 μm. The cerebral hemispheres in the embryo at 72 hours of incubation were differentiated, and the ave

This study aimed to identify and describe one of the bacterial feeder nematode Acrobeloides varius Kim, Kim and Park, 2017 (Rhabditida, Cephalobidae), which was isolated from soil samples that were collected from Baghdad, central of Iraq, and was classified using both morphological and molecular criteria. All specimens of A. varius were cultured, identified and described using morphometric criteria. Selected specimens (Zah. IRQ3 OR994579.1 isolate) of this species were characterized by having the body length of the male ranging from (184.94 – 221.72 μm), the body length of the female ranging (507.38 – 521.92 μm) and the body length of the juvenile ranging from (355.53 – 490.35 μm). Selected specimens of this species were molecul

انطلاقاً من ضرورات التجديد والتطوير لمجلتنا العزيزة، ستجرى اضافات عليها بين الحين والآخر، قد تتناول شكلياتها و/ او محتوياتها. والبداية ستكون بترجمة المقالات والبحوث التي تقع في اختصاصها من المجلات الاجنبية المرموقة عالمياً، فإختارت هيئة التحرير المقالات الخمسة التي سيرد ذكرها لاحقاً للقيام بترجمتها بأسلوب علمي يعطي للتصرف والاضافات حدوداً لتصبح مقبولة وسهلة على القراء. فالمهمة هذه وان كانت صعبة وتت

The aim of the research is to assess the quality of the university accounting education system in Iraq. The researcher relied on the opinions of a sample of academics specialized in this field by preparing a checklist focusing on a set of axes that would affect the quality of accounting education in the Iraqi environment.

 The most prominent finding of the research is that the quality of accounting education in Iraqi universities is medium and differs from one university to another in some quality components. In addition, the prescribed curricula and study plans applied in the accounting departments do not live up to the required level, as the largest proportion of those curricula are theoretically d

The research aims to evaluate the radioactivity in elected samples of cereals and legume which are wide human consumption in Iraq using Nuclear Track Detectors (NTDs) model CN-85.
The samples were prepared scientifically according to references in this field. After 150 days of exposure, the detector were collected and chemically treated according to scientific sources (etching chemical), nuclear effects have been calculated using the optical microscope.
Radon (222Rn) concentration and uranium (238U) were calculated in unit Bq/m3 and (ppm), the results indicate that the highest concentration of radon and uranium was in yellow corn where the concentration of radon was 137.17×102 Bq/m3 and uranium concentration 2.63 (ppm). The lowest

جاءت لفظة شيطان في اللغة العربية من الفعل شطن: ويعني الحبل، وقيل الحبل الطويل الشديد الفتل يُستقى به وتُشد به الخيل، والجمع أشطان، وقيل الشيطان فعلان من شاطَ يَشيط إذا هلك وإحترق، قال: الازهري الاول اكثر، قال: والدليل على انه من شَطَنَ قول امية بن ابي الصلت يذكر سليمان النبي (عليه السلام): ايما شاطِنٍ عصاه عَكاه⁽¹⁾، في حين تطلق لفظة شيطان على الكائن الخارق للطبيعة او الروح، واصلها الاغر

     تُعد اشكالية التمرّد من طبيعة التغيّرات السريعة التي يمرّ بها مجتمع ما في مجالات وتوجهات الحياة كافّةً وعلى وجه الخصوص في مجال العلاقات الاجتماعيّة والعادات والتقاليد والقيم والمبادئ ... وقد يتجلّى التمرّد في التمرّد على الذات، أو التمرّد على العادات، أوالتمرد على المبادئ والاعراف، أو في التمرّد على السلطة السياسيّة و الاجتماعية، وقد نجد الخضوع يأخذ حيّزًا مهمًّا في تلك العلاقات كافّة.

      سنعا

The primary aim of this study was to find out the effect of a training program on the development of physical abilities in football goalkeepers. The current study was conducted on goalkeepers of the Academy of Espanyol Sports Club in the premises of Haifa Sports Club Stadium. The study was completed by the researchers within the timeline of May 2021 to August 2021. A total of 7 goalkeepers falling within the age group of 15-17 years were recruited as the sample participants for the study. Out of 7 goalkeepers, 5 goalkeepers were included in the primary experiment and 2 of them were excluded. The training program applied had a positive effect on the development of physical abilities in the football goalkeepers of the sa

ABSTRACT Backgrounds: Maxillary canine impaction is complicated and time consuming to treat, for being highly diverse in inclination and location; it may be a companied by root resorption of the neighboring teeth. CBCT has been used for its' diagnostic reliability in localization of impacted canine and revealing its' serious local complications. Objectives: Localization of maxillary impacted canine using cone beam computed tomography for assessment of angulation, distance from occlusal plane, alveolar width and proximity to adjacent teeth. Subjects and Methods: The study sample was 33 subjects 16 females and 17 males attended to Al-Wasitti general hospital in Baghdad city-Oral and maxillofacial radiology department for CBCT scan investigati

Thermal conductivity measurement was done for specimens of Polystyrene/ titanium dioxide, Polycarbonate/ titanium dioxide and Polymethylmetha acrylate/ titanium dioxide composites for weight ratio of 1.9/ 0.1 and 1.8/ 0.2 wt% for different thickness of the samples. The experimental results show that the thermal conductivity is increased with the increasing of thickness of layers and with the weight ratio of TiO2

    This paper presents the results of the slope failure analyses from fracture distributions and their relation to tectonic activity; the analytical results have indicated that the phenomena of plane failure, wedge failure and toppling failure can occur at almost of the survey sites within the study area.

    The statistical data show that the fracture orientation mainly develop in the E-W, N-S and NW-SE due to the influence of tectonic activity. The occurrence of them together with the rock slope surface orientation has formed plane failure on the slope surface of the 3B highway in the E-W direction and the types of wedge failure and toppling failure on the slope surface of the highw

 .يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على تأثير التمرينات الخاصة في تطوير السرعة الحركية وفق خطوط اللعب المختلفة وتأثيرها على مهارة الجري بالكرة. تكونت عينت البحث من (20) لاعبا بحيث تم اختيار العينة بصورة عمديه وهم نادي القوة الجوية وتم تقسيم العينة إلى مجموعتين تجريبية وضابطة عن طريق القرعة وبالطريقة الفردية والزوجية بحيث تكونت المجموعة التجريبية من (10) لاعبين والمجموعة الضابطة من (10) لاعبين على وفق خطوط اللعب (4) للدفاع