احد اهم الاهتمامات والمسارات لدى الدكتور إبراهيم سعيد البيضاني كمؤرخ واكاديمي عراقي، كان مجال البحث في الفكر التاريخي وصناعة التاريخ، وهذا الامر تجسد من خلال كتابة الأبحاث والمقالات في مجال الفكر التاريخي في مقالات وابحاث عديدة منها الأهمية التاريخية للوثيقة والنقد التاريخي وعلم التاريخ والمعرفة التاريخية، فضلا عن موضوع الزمن والدعوة الى تأسيس مدرسة فكرية تاريخية عراقية، وتجسد هذا الاهتمام بالفكر التا

     شهدت دولة أور الثالثة نمواً اقتصادياً كبيراً، لاسيما وأنها اتبعت نظاماً إدارياً محكماً، وتطوراً سياسياً شاملاً وتوسعاً عسكرياً كبيراً، والذي انعكس بشكل كبير على الحياة الاقتصادية للفرد والمجتمع، ومن أبرز نتائج النظام الاقتصادي المتطور هو سعة الأراضي الزراعية وازدياد الحقول وتوسع الدور السكنية وتنظيم البساتين، مما تطلب منهم استعمال أدوات قياس تُنظم من خلالها الاوزان والقياسات وا

Asmari is the main productive reservoir in Abu Ghirab oilfield in the south-east part of Iraq. It has history production extends from 1976 up to now with several close periods. Recently, the reservoir suffers some problems in production, which are abstracted as water production rising with oil production declining in most wells. The water problem type of the field and wells is identified by using Chan's diagnostic plots (water oil ratio (WOR) and derivative water oil ratio (WOR') against time). The analytical results show that water problem is caused by the channeling due to high permeability zones, high water saturation zones, and faults or fracturing. The numerical approach is also used to study the water movement insi

The  objective  of this study was manufacturing and testing  a vibration motorized date palm fronds cutter equipment  used to pruning date palm tree, this equipment is man back handling and easily used for cut date fronts base. Gasoline two stroke engine which handle on worker's  back  was used  to provide  a vibration movement for sharp blade to cut the fronds,  machine   consists of many parts includes engine, flexible shaft, fixed shaft, gear case and knife. Three knives cutting angle were used in this research. Frond cutting time ,one palm tree pruning (three rows of fronds)  vibration of cutting level ,noising level and productivity were measured in this study 

The solar dryer is designed and manufactured to dry some medical plants at the  Research Center for Energy and Environment of the Ministry of Industry and Minerals. this experiment was included two factors, where three levels speeds for the fan were selected (0.101, 0.065, 0.056 m3/s)  which represented the main factor  and  three kind of medical plants ,( mint, pepper and ginger).factorial experiment within  Complete Randomized Design with three replications  was used to study the effect of the dried substance type ,air flow rate and their overlap with  studied parameters. The results indicated that when the air flow rate increased, daily theoretical efficiency increased by 6.74%. and the theoretical a

This study was carried out at the experimental farm College of Agriculture; Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad, Iraq during from end of march 2014 to mid of August 2015. The main objective was to find out the effect of zinc concentration (0, 30, 60 and 90) mg.L^-1 on seed yield and its components of four alfalfa varieties (Local, Hamaddan, Vernal and Lodi). Layout of the experiment was R.C.B.D arranged within split –plots with three replications. Zinc concentration were used as main plot, while varieties were used as sub-plot. Results, showed that foliar application of zinc at concentration more than 30 mg.L^-1 (60 and 90 mg.L^-1) resulted in a significant increment in the No. of ovules floret^-1, No. o

Background: Fiber-optic endoscopy is an important
investigation of the large intestine, whether or not the
radiologist (barium enema) has discovered a lesion in
the bowel. Colonoscopy affords a unique opportunity
to direct visualization of entire colonic mucosa. At
the same time, the physician can obtain biopsy specimens, remove polyps, and decompress volvuli.
Most experienced endoscopists and well prepared
patients can reach the cecum in over 90% of patients.
If colonoscopy is properly performed, it has a low
risk of complications, such as perforation and bleeding.
Methods: A total of 70 consecutive patients admitted
to Endoscopy department at Al-Kindy Teaching hospital from September- 2008 to July-2009.

The  a i m  of  the  present  study  is  to  shed  some  light  on  the

imm u nol ogica l     effect   of  so lub l e  protei ns  extracted   from  Proteu mirabilis  th rough  em ployi ng t he  level  of  the en zy mati c  activity  of Superoxide Dismutase,SOD.

The    olublc  proteins·Sp I       and  Sp2,were  extracted   by  usi ng th e lysosyme   enzyme  .The  rabbits  were divided  into three groups  ,the fir t one was injected w

To evaluate the effects of the thermal analysis and temperature of the atmospheric heat on the optical system. it varying the thermal expansion  (positive  or  Negative  Values)  of  the  material  and  then changes the characteri of the optical system properties such as radius of curvetur of the surfaces, size of the aperture stop     ect.

This paper  had calculated the accepted ratio of the temperature variable   on the optical system during analyzing the effect of thermal analysis on the Radial Energy Distribution for +20C0 and +50C0  â€¢

In this study new derivatives of O-[2-{''2-Substituted Aryl (''1,''3,''4 thia diazolyl) ['3,'4b]-'1,'2,'4- Triazolyl]-Ethyl]-p- chlorobenzald oxime (6-11) have been synthesized from the starting material p-chloro – E- benzaldoxime 1. Compound 2 was synthesized by the reaction of p-chloro – E- benzaldoxime with ethyl acrylate in basic medium. Refluxing compound 2 with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol absolute afforded 3. Derivative 4 was prepared by the reaction of 3 with carbon disulphide, treated of compound 4 with hydrazine hydrate gave 5. The derivatives (6-11) were prepared by the reaction of 5 with different substitutes of aromatic acids. The structures of these compounds were characterized from their melting points, infra

An experiment was conducted in the green garden of Department of Biology/ in College of Education for Pure Sciences Ibn-Al-Haitham/ Baghdad University for the grouth season (2012-2013) to study the effect of three concentrations of gibberellic acid (0, 50, 100) ppm and three concentrations of proline (0, 25, 50) ppm on micronutrients content (Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn) and Copper (Cu) ppm) in addition to total chlorophyll content (µg. cm-2) for the green part of peas plant (Pisum sativum), pots of (8 kg) soil were used, the experiment was conducted according to complete randomized design (CRD) and three replicates, whereby the experiment included (27) pots, the significant variations were compared between means using least s

Single crystals of pure and Cu+2,Fe+2 doped potassium sulfate were grown from aqueous solutions by the slow evaporation technique at room temperature. with dimension of (11x9 x4)mm3 and ( 10x 8x 5)mm3 for crystal doping with Cu &Fe respectively. The influence of doping on crystal growth and its structure revealed a change in their lattice parameters(a=7.479 Ã… ,b=10.079 Ã… ,c=5.772 Ã…)for pure and doping (a=9.687 Ã…, b=14.926 Ã… ,c= 9.125 Ã…) & (a=9.638 Ã… , b= 8.045 Ã… ,c=3.271 Ã…) for Cu & Fe respectively. Structure analysis of the grown crystals were obtained by X-Ray powder diffraction measurements. The diffraction patterns were analyzed by the Rietveld refinement method. Rietveld refinement plo

   Undoped and Al-doped CdO thin films have been prepared by vacuum thermal evaporation  on  glass  substrate  at  room  temperature  for  various  Al  doping ratios (0.5, 1 and 2)wt.% . The films are characterized by XRD and AFM surface morphology properties. XRD analysis showed that CdO:Al films are highly polycrystalline and exhibit cubic crystal structure of lattice constant averaged to 0.4696 nm with (111) preferred orientation. However, intensity of all peaks rapidly decreases which indicates that the crystallinity decreases with the increase of Al dopant. The grain size decreases with Al content (from 60.81 to 48.03 nm). SEM and AFM were applied to study the morphology an

Extended calculations for  sputtering yield   through bombed Iron – target   by ( H,D ,T ,He )  ions plasma are accomplished .The calculations include changing the  input    parameters  :    the energy  of ( H,D ,T ,He ) ions plasma, the hit target angle of Iron, change  atomic   mass  of incident ion. The program TRIM is used to accomplish these calculations. The results     show   that   sputtering   yield is   directly   dependent   on   these parameters. It can   change the incident angle of ( H,D ,T ,He ) ions   and energy&n

In this research, we prepared a hybrid composite material of polymeric matrix hand cast method, composite material has been attended from epoxy resin EP as matrix materials reinforced woven roving fiber jute is constant volume fraction (13%), PVC fibers and woven glass fiber with different fraction on the properties of prepared composite materials to PVC fiber and glass fiber, some of mechanical tests were done at room temperature (impact test and banding test). Result shows that the values of (modulus bending elastic and fracture toughness) increase fraction of fiber with the increase of PVC, E-glass, there include (thermal conductivity and dielectric constant). Also experimental result indicated that the (thermal conductivity and diele

   The formulations and the properties of the Zinc Polycarboxylate Dental Cements are reviewed then new cements of this type are prepared with modified solid part of the cement. High silica glass powder with different particle sizes is prepared and added with different weight percentages to the zinc oxide. The liquid part of the prepared cements was merely 44% concentration of the polyacrylic acid. Accordingly, the usual and expensive additives to the liquid and solid part of the cement are eliminated. The working and setting times, compressive strength, flexural strength and modulus are measured according to ADA specifications. The formulated cement has long working times without much lengthening of the setting times. In addit

  In this paper,  design computationl investigation in the field of charged-particle optics with the aid of numerical analysis methods  under the absence of space charge effects. The work has been concentrated on the design of three-electrode  einzel electrostatic  lens accelerating and decelerating operated under different magnification conditions.     The potential field distribution of  lens has been represented by exponential function.  The paraxial-ray equation has been solved for the proposed field to determine the trajectory of charged-particles traversing in the lens.  From The axial  potential distribution and its first and second derivatives, the optical propertie

 The species Cyclops varicans G.O.Sars (Which was recorded for the first time in Iraq ) was chossen to study the effect of photoperiods on the species reproduction growth . The chossen photoperiods were 0:24 , 12: 12 , and 24 : 0  L.D.  The data showed obvious statistical effect of photoperiods specially  24 : 0   L.D. on the mean of clutch size ,  produced eggs , no. of nauplei  , transformation time of  nauplius I to copepodid I and transformation time of copepodid I to adult stage . The data also showed uneven effects of photoperiods on the number and maturation period of both males and females . Temperature , transparency , PH , and electrical conductivity also have been studied for the ad

Одной из трудностей, вызывающих искажение смысла предложения, при переводе и понимании любых текстов зачастую является неправильное понимание функций и значений: союзов и союзных слов или замена одного значения другим. Это объясняется прежде всего тем, что при чтении основное внимание сосредоточено на переводе главных частей речи, на их многофункциональности и многозначности и упускаются из вида втор

الجريمة الارهابية تعد فعلا خطيرا تفوق في خطورتها جميع الجرائم الاخرى من حيث التأثير والنتيجة , لان لها مدى واسع على المجتمعات , كما انها تحوي من الخطورة الشي الكبير والمتمثل في الغاية منها, وهنا فان وصف الارهاب بالجريمة هو وصف لا يعطي الحق الكامل لهذا السلوك او انه يختصره فلا يبين حقيقته الفعلية, نظرا ان الارهاب يحتوي على عدة جرائم مختلفة وادوارا لمساهمين فيها وهذه الادوار تكون ضرورية للوصول الى النتيجة او ال

إن سلسلة من الأزمات التي تهدد الاستدامة تضع البشرية في مأزق بين المخاطر البيئية والمخاطر المجتمعية المرتبطة بالاستخدامات اليومية. ولمواجهة احد التحديات الروتينية في الحياة اليومية، بحثت هذه الدراسة في حل الاحتكاك بين استدامة الاقتصاد الأخضر والحفاظ على البيئة من خلال مقارنة تجربة استخدام زجاجات المياه البلاستيكية ذات الاستخدام الواحد والزجاجات العادية بين فئات عمرية مختلفة.

وهدفت الدراسة تسليط الض

An Indirect simple sensitive and applicable spectrofluorometric method has been developed for the determination of Cefotaxime Sodium (CEF), ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride (CIP) and Famotidine (FAM) using reaction system bromate-bromide and acriflavine (AF) as fluorescent dye. The method is based on the oxidation of drugs with known excess bromate-bromide mixture in acidic medium and subsequent determination of unreacted oxidant by quenching fluorescence of AF. Fluorescence intensity of residual AF was measured at 528 nm after excitation at 402 nm. The fluorescence-concentration plots were rectilinear over the ranges 0.1-3.0, 0.05-2.6 and 0.1-3.8 µg ml^-1 with lower detection limits of 0.013, 0.018 and 0.021 µg ml^-1 an

The research utilizes data produced by the Local Urban Management Directorate in Najaf and the imagery data from the Landsat 9 satellite, after being processed by the GIS tool. The research follows a descriptive and analytical approach; we integrated the Markov chain analysis and the cellular automation approach to predict transformations in city structure as a result of changes in land utilization. The research also aims to identify approaches to detect post-classification transformations in order to determine changes in land utilization. To predict the future land utilization in the city of Kufa, and to evaluate data accuracy, we used the Kappa Indicator to determine the potential applicability of the probability matrix that resulted from

Prediction of the formation of pore and fracture pressure before constructing a drilling wells program are a crucial since it helps to prevent several drilling operations issues including lost circulation, kick, pipe sticking, blowout, and other issues. IP (Interactive Petrophysics) software is used to calculate and measure pore and fracture pressure. Eaton method, Matthews and Kelly, Modified Eaton, and Barker and Wood equations are used to calculate fracture pressure, whereas only Eaton method is used to measure pore pressure. These approaches are based on log data obtained from six wells, three from the north dome; BUCN-52, BUCN-51, BUCN-43 and the other from the south dome; BUCS-49, BUCS-48, BUCS-47. Along with the overburden pr

In this study, polymeric coating was developed by incorporating nano graphene in the polymer blend with applications to oil storage tanks. The oil storage tanks samples were brought from the oil Pipeline Company / Doura refinery in Baghdad. The coating polymer was formed with a blend (epoxy resin and repcoat ZR). The proportion of mixing the mixture was 3:1:1 epoxy resin 21.06 gm: repcoat ZR 10.53 gm: hardener 10.53 gm. The blend/graphene was prepared using in stui-polymerization method with different weight percentage 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt % added to blend. The resulting solution was put in a glass tube on a magnetic stirrer for one hour at a temperature of 40 ^°C. The result of contact angle and wate

Mixed ligands reaction of [2-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)diazinyl]-1,2-benzothiazol-3(2H)-one-1,1-dioxide] (H2L, primary ligand) and bipyridyl (secondary ligand) with salts of Cr(III), Mn(II), Fe(III), Co(II) and Ni(II) was performed. A series of air-stable complexes with distinctive octahedral moieties was created by equal molar ratio (1:1:1). The formation of these compounds was verified using detecting analysis techniques incorporating mass spectra, which validated the achieved geometries. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis demonstrated how the ligands (H2L and bipyridyl) are chelated as tridentate (ONO) and bidentate (NN) groups, respectively and the coordination with the metal ions. Thermal decomposition studies using pyrolysis (

Solar cells thin films were prepared using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a thin film, with extract of natural pigment from local flower. A concentration of 0.1g/ml of polyvinyl alcohol solution in water was prepared for four samples, with various concentrations of plant pigment (0, 15, 25 and 50) % added to each of the four solutions separately for preparing (PVA with low concentrated dye , PVA with medium concentrated dye and PVA with high concentrated dye ) thin films respectively . Ultraviolet absorption regions were obtained by computerized UV-Visible (CECIL 2700). Optical properties including (absorbance, reflectance, absorption coefficient, energy gap and dielectric constant) via UV- Vis were tested, too.  Fourier transform infra