Background: Hemophilia B is an X-linked recessive disorder caused by mutations in the F9 gene, causing bleeding tendency predominantly in males. The mutational spectrum of the F9 gene has not been adequately studied in Iraq.

Objectives: To detect the disease-causing variants of exons 6, 7, and 8 and immediate introns of F9 gene using Sanger sequencing among Iraqi hemophilia B patients and to correlate them with phenotypes.

Methods: Forty Iraqi hemophilia B patients were recruited for this cross-sectional study from The Hereditary Bleeding Disorder Ward in the Children Welfare Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, between November 2021 and Apri

Background: Allergies, as prevalent conditions, significantly impact individuals' health and quality of life. The criticality of accurate diagnosis cannot be overstated, as it is the cornerstone for effective management and treatment, underscoring the gravity of the medical professionals’ work.

Objectives: This review aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of laboratory markers used to diagnose different types of allergies, including food, respiratory, skin, and drug allergies.

Methods: The review analyzed and synthesized data from current literature on essential diagnostic tools such as skin prick tests, specific IgE blood tests, and component-resolved diagnostics. S

Background: Multidrug resistance bacteria is rapidly spreading globally and has created an urgent need for alternative antimicrobial strategies to combat these bacteria. Green nanotechnology is an eco-friendly way of synthesizing Bioactive Nanoparticles with enhanced antimicrobial activities compared to conventional methods.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to "green" synthesize magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) from an alcohol extract of Camellia sinensis (tea plant) and evaluate their antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity against clinical multidrug resistance bacterial isolates.
Methods: Magnesium Oxide nanoparticles were synthesized utilizi

Background: As the number of caesarean deliveries has escalated over the last 50 years, Placenta Accreta Spectrum is now emerging as a more frequent pregnancy- related issue. The incidence of this problem is increasing, with recent estimates indicating an approximate 1/333 to 1/533 deliveries. Recent studies reveal that YKL-40 (also known as Chitinase-3-like protein 1 which is a secreted glycoprotein that is approximately 40kDa in size) may be involved in angiogenesis, cell proliferation and differentiation as well as extracellular matrix remodeling, and other inflammatory processes.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between mate

Background: Psoriasis, a common chronic autoimmune dermatological disease, is identified by scaling and inflammation seen in the skin. Both environmental and genetic factors contribute to its pathogenesis.

Objectives: To examine changes in albumin and C-reactive protein levels and their ratios, and the effect of Etanercept treatment on these indicators in the serum of Iraqi Psoriasis patients compared to healthy individuals.

Methods: A total of 100 Psoriatic patients were enrolled in the study and matched with healthy individuals (n=93) attending the Department of Venereology and Dermatology at Baghdad Teaching Hospital from November 2024 to April 2025. The levels of C-reac

Background: Triple-negative breast carcinoma has an aggressive nature, poor prognosis, with high recurrence rates and metastasis. It has a poor response to targeted therapies, leaving a restricted number of efficient treatments, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Some types of triple-negative breast carcinoma are considered immunogenic types, which mean that these tumors may be susceptible targets to a new line of treatment known as immunotherapy. Several biomarkers have been discovered to determine patients who could be eligible candidates to receive immunotherapies. One of these biomarkers is the programmed death receptor 1 (PD1)/ programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) overexpression.

Objectives

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are neurodevelopmental conditions that arise from a complex interplay of genetic, biological, and environmental factors. Essential metal elements (EMEs), including copper, zinc, iron, and calcium, support brain development, support neuronal communication, and maintain normal metabolic activity. Any increase or decrease in these elements may play a role in the development of ASD and ADHD.

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum levels of zinc, copper, iron, and calcium with ASD and ADHD. Moreover, to compare these levels among children with ASD, ADHD, combined ASD plus AD

Background: Co-microbial infection occupies a big portion of the urinary tract infections (UTI), especially in the elderly. Such infections are hidden, because of the dominance of one species over the other species.
Objectives: This study aimeds to detect polymicrobial urinary tract infections in middle-aged and elderly patients using both culture-based and molecular methods. It also investigates the presence of aminoglycoside resistance genes, specifically armA and rmtG, to improve diagnostic precision and support targeted therapeutic decisions.
Methods: In the current study, 100 clinical samples of urine were collected from

The use of worn-out agricultural nozzles in pesticide application has a negative effect on the efficiency and cost of the application process. It also has an effect on environmental pollution due to an excessive amount of pesticide being applied when spraying with worn-out nozzles. In this paper, the resistance to wear of three different internal design hydraulic nozzles was ascertained. Changes in the flow rate and spray distribution as a result of this wear were also investigated. The wear test was done inside a closed system, and it was accelerated using an abrasive material to generate 100 h of wear. The tested nozzles were the Turbo TeeJet (TT)-twin chambered, Turbo Twinjet (TTj60)-dual outlet, and Drift Guard (DG)-pre-orifice.

Authors in this work design efficient neural networks, which are based on the modified Levenberg - Marquardt (LM) training algorithms to solve non-linear fourth - order three -dimensional partial differential equations in the two kinds in the periodic and in the non-periodic - Periodic. Software reliability growth models are essential tools for monitoring and evaluating the evolution of software reliability. Software defect detection events that occur during testing and operation are often treated as counting processes in many current models. However, when working with large software systems, the error detection process should be viewed as a random process with a continuous state space, since the number of faults found during testin

In this work four complexes of antimony were prepared ,Na[SbO(gly)2],Na[SbO(Asp)2],Na[SbO(Tyrosin)2], Na [SbO(phen alanin)2]. by reaction SbOCl with salts amino acids identifiefid these complexes by FTIR ,their conductivity was measured and also their biological activity against two types of bacteria was studied ,they were biologically active.

the energy that a radiation source emits as light (photons), electromagnetic waves, or particles is known as radiation. X-ray is one type of ionizing radiation that falls within the electromagnetic wave category of short wavelengths. Because of their short wavelength. X-ray is a type of ionizing radiation that is used in a constantly growing number of diagnostic procedures. X-ray diagnostic imaging has been employed in the medical field for more than a century(Hariyoto et al., 2020). Radiation has advantages for human health, but there is also a risk. the impacts of Radiation on Fertility it is an oligospermia, or a reduction in the number of sperm cells, which is already possible after radiation exposure of 0.15 mGy. It Leads to impede

An investigation was conducted for dewaxing of lubricating oil fraction by urea to reduce the pour point.In this study mixture of 45 % methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and 55 % toluene was used as a solvent. The studied variables are mixing time (10-70 min), solvent to oil volume ratio (0.5:1- 2:1), urea to wax weight ratio (2- 6) and constant mixing speed 1500 rpm. By analysis of the experimental results, the best operating conditions achieved are mixing time 40 min, solvent/oil 2:1 volume ratio, and urea/wax 4:1 weight ratio. At these conditions the pour point of the lubricating oil decreases from 24 ° C to -13 °C.

The worsening of environmental problems has led to them being addressed by many entities, the most important of which are the top regulators. Federal Board of supreme audit Office is one of the most important regulators in Iraq. The problem of the research was the fundamental question of the extent to which the Federal Financial Supervisory Office was committed to implementing and exercising environmental control over the audited ones. The refore, the research was based on the main objective of questioning the role of the Federal Financial Supervisory Office in the exercise of environmental control and the compliance of those under its control, by identifying the antosai standards for environmental control, particularly the stand

The poetic text, being an artistic product, is achieved during the moment of inspiration. However, this inspiration does not come from a vacuum. Rather, it needs a good environment capable of pushing the poetic text to the surface after its formation in the poet's mind, with the images and ideas it contains, expressed in his own language and style. Distinguished, and we must not overlook that language is not just words and meanings, but rather those feelings and emotions that are the essence of creativity (()), including musical, sentimental and imaginative aspects with colors of suggestion and symbols (()), because the poetic language is distinguished from others in that it (Symbols for psychological states are the substance of thought)

    ملخّص البحث     

     بعد البحث عن حياة الامام الصيمري في كتب التراجم وجدت ان الامام عاش في اسرة علمية اثرت في تكوين شخصيتة الفقهية التي جعلت منه علم من اعلام الشافعية وترك لنا ثروة علمية في مختلف العلوم وكان علم الفقه واحدا منها وبعد البحث كتب الفقه وجدت له مسائل خالفه فيها الشافعية فإذا نظر اليها ولم توافقه فالمستحب له ان يسكت ولا يقول لا اريدها....

β-Adrenergic blocking agents, mostly comprising of β-amino alcohols, are of pharmaceutical significance and have received major attention due to their utility in the management of cardiovascular disorders including hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmias and other disorders related to the sympathetic nervous system. Most compounds available for clinical use belong to the aryloxypropanolamine series, which is considered the second generation of β-blocking agents. The present study includes the synthesis of compounds with an N-substituted oxypropanolamine moiety attached to the 1, 3, 4-thiadiazole derivatives. According to this information, eight compounds were synthesized and characterized by IR spectra and elemental m

The research seeks to find the relationship between psychological flow and futuristic thinking among postgraduate students. To this end, the researchers have made up two scales: one scale to measure the psychological flow which consisted of (32) items and the other to measure the futuristic thinking included (39) items which were distributed into three domains. As to collect the required data, the two scales had applied on a sample comprised (200) postgraduate students. The findings revealed that there is a correlation between psychological flow and futuristic thinking. The researcher recommended the coming studies take the relationship between psychological flow and psychological happiness.

The current study introduces a novel method for calculating the stability time by a new approach based on the conversion of degradation from the conductivity curve results obtained by the conventional method. The stability time calculated by the novel method is shorter than the time measured by the conventional method. The stability time in the novel method can be calculated by the endpoint of the tangency of the conversion curve with the tangent line. This point of tangency represents the stability time, as will be explained in detail. Still, it gives a clear and accurate envisage of the dehydrochlorination behavior and can be generalized to all types of polyvinyl chloride compared to the stability time measured by conventional ones based

الادراك السياسي للاصلاح الاداري في العراق

ن دراسة متغيرات النشاط الكهربائي للعضلة المستقيمة الفخذية تمكن المدرب من معرفة المجموعات العضلية المسؤولة عن الواجب الحركي مما ينعكس على التدريب ومن ثم على مستوى الأداء وتأتي أهمية البحث في إمكانية إيجاد العلاقة بين المؤشرات التي يمكن الحصول عليها من جهاز EMG (المساحة، القمة) والتي يستدل من خلالها على قوة الإشارة الكهربائية وعلى الوحدات الحركية العاملة المصاحبة للعمل العضلي وما يصاحبها من متغيرات أثناء تن

هدفت الدراسة:

1. التعرف على القوة الخاصة وبعض المتغيرات البايوميكانيكية لمهارة التصويب بثلاث نقاط من القفز بكرة السلة للشباب.
2. إعداد تمرينات مقترحة على وفق بعض المتغيرات البايوميكانيكية في أداء مهارة التتصويب بثلاث نقاط من القفز للشباب بكرة السلة.
3. التعرف على تأثير التمرينات المقترحة في القوة الخاصة وبعض المتغيرات البايوميكانيكية في أداء مهارة التصويب بثلاث نقاط من القفز للشباب ب

Increasing need for day after day to find ways and innovative means of
helping to educate and give children the skills of different kind, has found a
researcher on the subject of hats, six room to give children language skills
through the experience of field reconnaissance conducted on the three
children found that language skills improved, he decided to make these study.
Objectives of the study:
Understand the differences between the experimental group first (the way the
debate) and second (six caps) depending on the test post administration.
to identify the language skills of the second group according to the pre and
post test
Differences between males and females in the second group (Six Hats)
Search T

Background: The ideal force-delivery system must: provide optimal tooth moving forces that elicit the desired effects, be comfortable and hygienic for the patient, require minimal operator manipulation and patient cooperation and provide rapid tooth movement with minimal mobility during orthodontic therapy, the elastomeric chains have the greatest potential to fulfill these requirements. Materials and Methods: This in vitro study was designed to determine the effect of three different mechanisms for canine retraction : (6-3 , 6-5-3 and chain loop ) on the load relaxation behavior of three types of elastomeric chains : (maximum clear , maximum silver and extreme silver) from the same company (Ortho Technology company) with two different bran

Background: Data on the impact of neonatal and total pediatric admissions volume on neonatal mortality are sparse. Objectives: This study is done to estimate the neonatal mortality in relation to neonatal admissions and to total hospital admissions in Al-Alwyia Pediatric Teaching Hospital through years 2005-2012 Type of the study: A retrospective study.Methods: statistical records of all cases admitted to APTH were studied during 2005-2012.Results: Neonatal mortality decreased to the nadir at last year of study period (2012) and reached 6.1% of neonatal admissions compared to 2005 level which was 9.7 %. Mortality rate among premature and low birth weight (LBW) infants decreased also. The study also reveals that neonatal mortality constit

         It is axiomatic that languages mirror  the world view of their users. Manipulating honorific forms  among people inevitably reflects this truth . Honorifics are conventionalized forms or expressions  manifested in all the world's languages and  are used to  express the social status of the participants in the verbal interaction and to convey indications like politeness and respect  . English is no exception. However the question is what exactly creates these forms and their meanings. Although  honorifics have been extensively researched from a grammatical and semantic  angle  , yet they haven’t received that significant  attention  i