This article investigates Iraq wars presentation in literature and media. The first section investigates the case of the returnees from the war and their experience, their trauma and final presentation of that experience. The article also investigates how trauma and fear is depicted to create an optimized image and state of fear that could in turn show Iraqi society as a traumatized society. Critics such as Suzie Grogan believes that the concept of trauma could expand to influence societies rather than one individual after exposure to trauma of being involved in wars and different major conflicts. This is reflected in Iraq as a country that was subjected to six comprehensive conflicts in its recent history, i.e. less than half a century; th

Background: Cataract surgery is one of the most common surgeries, and changes in intraocular pressure might occur after cataract surgery, and some postoperative medications might affect it.

Objectives: Evaluate the effects of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug bromfenac 0.09% ophthalmic solution on intraocular pressure (IOP) after phacoemulsification surgery and report any side effects of the drug.

Patient and Method: This is a prospective study done in an ophthalmic center in Iraq involving adult patients with senile or iatrogenic cataracts prepared for cataract surgery by phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and were divided into two groups:

Background: Most individuals with inflammatory arthritis are diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which is an immunological disorder characterized by the development of autoantibodies, particularly anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP) antibodies, which play a significant role in initiating inflammatory responses. Recent studies have shown that the production of cytokines contributes to the progression and dissemination of RA.

Objectives: To assess the predictive capability of Interleukin 41 (IL-41) compared with ACCP and its correlation with disease activity and treatment response in a group of Iraqi patients afflicted with RA.

Methods: One hundred patients with RA

Background: Insulin produced by pancreatic β cells ceases in people with type1 diabetes mellitus, an endocrine disease caused by autoimmune damage. It can cause weight loss. Energy balance controls the secretion of ghrelin, a peptide hormone made by entering endocrine cells found in the oxyntic glands of the stomach fundus. 

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum ghrelin and body mass index in newly diagnosed children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: The study involved 120 pediatric participants aged 2-14 years conducted from February to May 2024. They were divided into four groups: group 1 contains 40 lean patients with type 1 d

Background: Birth defects are the leading cause of both neonatal and post-neonatal deaths, as an estimated 240,000 neonates die in their first month of life worldwide each year. In Iraq, local studies have shown varying frequencies and types of congenital anomalies.

Objectives: To provide a new insight into the incidence and types of congenital anomalies and to explore their possible risk factors in Baghdad City.
Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, a total of 2007 neonates were enrolled from six hospitals in Baghdad during the period extending between September and December 2020. Hospital records and personal interviews were used for data collection. These d

The formal integration of the interior spaces in general and the commercial spaces of the watch shops in the large commercial centers in particular is the goal that the designers aim to reach in order for the interior space to become successful in terms of the design idea and its characteristics. Implementation mechanism. One of the reasons for achieving formal integration in the interior spaces of watch shops is the requirements of the design that must be available in these spaces to reach a state of formal integration between the interior and the exterior so that the space becomes fully integrated in all respects. Because of the aforementioned reasons for dealing with the research, through four chapters: The first chapter included the

Pleuropulmonary blastoma is a rare and aggressive neoplasm typically presents in young children, younger than 5 years, as a pulmonary and/or pleural-based tumor. We reported a case of type-II pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) in an 8 month old infant who presented to Al-Khansa'a Maternity Hospital in Western Mosul with a history of repeated attacks of shortness of breath and signs of pulmonary infection unresponsive to treatment. A bronchoscopic examination showed a mass involved and obstructed the orifice of the main bronchial tree of the right upper lung lobe. A thoracotomy was performed; tumor involved the right upper lung lobe, the covering pleural surface and invading the mediastinal structures. Right

خلفية: لقد استخدمت دراسات وراثية خلوية لتقييم التعرض للمادة مسرطنة أو مطفرة والآثار في وقت مبكر في ضبط والمهنية البيولوجية والبيئية. عدوى بكتيرية لم تقليديا تعتبر الأسباب الرئيسية ASA من السرطان. وقد تم ربط البكتيريا لسرطان بواسطة آليتين: تحريض من التهاب مزمن وإنتاج الأيضات البكتيرية المسببة للسرطان.

الهدف: لأن مفاهيم جديدة في العلاقة مع الأورام الخبيثة عدوى معينة يتم تنفيذ هذه

Background: Several factors render chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) an interesting subject for study by researchers. These include marked progress in understanding the molecular biology of normal and neoplastic lymphocytes and recent advances in molecular genetics techniques. Among molecular markers, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), have been widely studied.
Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the role of VEGF in the pathogenesis of CLL and its role in disease progression.
Patients, materials and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was done on 60 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (45 males & 15 females) compared with 20 controls (anemic patients), all recr

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant clonal expansion of plasma cells. Previous studies had demonstrated that both bone marrow angiogenesis as measured by microvessel density (MVD) and PCNA were increased in variety of malignant disorders, including multiple myeloma.
Objective: Assessment of angiogenesis in bone marrow of MM patients by using immunohistochemical stain to measure microvessel density (MVD) using factor VIII –related antigen and to evaluate the expression of PCNA antigen in plasma cells of MM bone marrow sections . Also to find the correlation between these two parameters and between them and the percentage of plasma cells infiltration in bone marrow of MM.
Patients, materia

Background: Bladder carcinoma is one of the most common cancer worldwide, it accounts for 6.5% of all cancers, with highest incidence in industrialized countries .It represents the fourth most common cancer in men and the eighth in women. Bladder carcinoma depends in its pathogenesis on a combination of genetic and environmental factors, these factors produce phenotypic changes that allow normal transitional cells to become cancerous and finally acquire the “malignant phenotype".  Many attempts had been tried to explore the role of some genetic abnormalities encountered in bladder carcinoma. It has indicated that many genetic abnormalities may underline the pathogenesis of cancer evolution of urinary

Background: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a common rheumatologic syndrome with multiple manifestations and associated with many diseases, it characterized by chronic wide
spread muscular pain and tenderness. Resistin is an adipokine discovered in 2001 and considered as a link between obesity and type 2 diabetes by antagonizing and resisting the
action of insulin as it name encompass ;resistin (resist insulin) . It is secreted mainly from adipose tissue in mice and from white blood cells besides the adipose tissue in humans.
Research reviled that resistin has a role in some inflammatory diseases like Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).
Objective: The objective of this study is to measure Resistin concentration and

The freedom to promote ideas is one of the freedoms protected by constitutions and laws, and it is exercised by individuals through traditional and electronic media. However, this freedom must be exercised according to certain limits, represented by the necessity of respecting human rights, just as individuals have the freedom to exercise their right to publish and express their opinion in every way. Frankly, in return, she must respect the rights of others . Perhaps the development that has occurred in the various media, including journalism, radio, television, and the emergence of a new medium represented by the Internet, has contributed significantly to harming the security of individuals through the promotion of extremist ideas. This be

There is a great risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and vascular thrombosis in patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). These patients exhibit numerous abnormalities in coagulation, fibrinolytic, inhibitory protein abnormalities in multiple levels. The study aimed to assess hypercoagulable changes by measuring the levels of antithrombin, plasma fibrinogen and FXII activity in patients with ESRD, and to find their correlation with Hemoglobin (Hb) level, WBC count, reticulocyte percentage and platelet count. This study was conducted at Al-Hayat center, Al Karama Teaching Hospital on 50 ESRD patients aged < 60 years of both genders. In addition, 20 apparently healthy individuals were included as a control group. The mean Hb level, total

Retained soft tissue foreign bodies following injuries are frequently seen in the Emergency and Plastic Surgery practice. The patients with such presentations require a watchful and detailed clinical as- sessment to overcome the anticipant possibility of missing them. However, the diagnosis based on the clinical evaluation is usually challenging and needs to be supported by imaging modalities that are suboptimal and may fail in identifying some types of foreign bodies. Owing to that, serious complications such as chronic pain, infection, and delayed wound healing can be faced that necessitate a prompt intervention to halt those detrimental consequences. The classical method of removal is a surgical exploration which is not free of risks.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The main goal of facelift surgery is to reduce the effect of aging by reposition of face soft tissue in to more youthful orientation. There are many methods for SMAS plication which had different design and vector of pull. AIM OF STUDY: To evaluate the effectiveness and longitivity of 7 shaped SMAS plication in facelift. PATIENT AND METHODS: From January 2020 to march 2021, 10 female patients with age (45-60) years were presented with facial sagging, those patients were subjected to subcutaneous facelift with 7 shaped SMAS plication with fat greft in Al-Shaheed Ghazi Al-Harri Hospital and Baghdad burn medical center at Baghdad medical complex. RESULTS: The average follow up period was 6 to 12 months. The mean operative

Toxoplasmosis is regarded as one of the most important global life-threatening diseases in immune-compromised people. The intracellular protozoon Toxoplasma gondii is the causative pathogen of toxoplasmosis. Aim of this study is to investigate the possible association between T. gondii infection and breast cancer (BC) in Iraqi women, also to assess the effect of T. gondiion interleukin 10 (IL-10) of the immune response. By ELISA method, blood samples from 81 women with breast cancer and 60 apparently healthy women have been examined for presence of anti-toxoplasmaantibodies, also the levels of serum IL-10 were estimated in these subjects. Results showed that women with BC had the highest prevalence rate of toxoplasmosis. The anti- T.gondii

Background: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is one of the most serious health problems and Herpes viridae may hasten the progression of colon cancer. Aim: The purpose of conducting this research is to investigate the existence of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV1) infection in samples of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) compared with normal tissue. Material and Methods: 40 samples of tissues (30 patients ) with CRC, and (10 samples) of normal tissue (without cancer) were obtained, for immunohistochemically analysis of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV1) expression Results: The results showed no significant data to justify the link between both Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV1) and human colorectal cancer. Despite of presence of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV1) found in

We examine 10 hypothetical patients suffering from some of the symptoms of COVID 19 (modified) using topological concepts on topological spaces created from equality and similarity interactions and our information system. This is determined by the degree of accuracy obtained by weighing the value of the lower and upper figures. In practice, this approach has become clearer.

The research article deals with the process of building or rebuilding the state in Iraq after 2003 in its various dimensions, in light of the vision and foundational procedures that were developed and supervised by the United States in cooperation with the new leaders of Iraq based on the mechanism of sectarianethnic representation, and diagnosing the imbalances that arose out of that vision and the accompanying procedures, which led to the emergence of new variables in the political process, especially in the post-ISIS* phase, which produced important challenges to the political system and the Iraqi state. The political dynamics and balances emerging after ISIS* represented at the same time opportunities and risks in the process of

ابتدأت الحركة التشكيلية العراقية منذ النصف الأول من القرن العشرين أي ما يقارب المئة عام، مرت عبر مراحل مختلفة وارهاصات غيرت من مساراتها ورؤى الفنانين المشتغلين من أجيال القرن الماضي، وعليه تبرز لنا مشكلة تبويب وتوثيق هذه التجارب والاستعمالات الفنية التي شهدت تقلبات سياسية وإجماعيه واقتصادية متباينة خلال العقود الاخيرة، والتي شكلت عوامل ضاغطة ومؤثرة على الصعيد الإنساني وعلى المنجز الفني المعبر عن هموم و

Background typhoid fever is the commonest cause of non traumatic terminal ileal perforation in our study with a grave postoperative morbidity & mortality depending upon preoperative time delay &/or type of surgical intervention practiced. 
Objective to evaluate the frequency of non traumatic causes of terminal ileal perforation, their presentations,perforation-operation interval effect on complications, as well as different modalities of treatment and their complications.
Methods the study is a prospective study of 82 patients with perforation of terminal ileum diagnosed by explorative laparatomy in Al Kindy teaching hospital ,Baghdad, Iraq from April 2008- December 2010, all of the patien

    Throughout this work we introduce the notion of Annihilator-closed submodules, and we give some basic properties of this concept. We also introduce a generalization for the Extending modules, namely Annihilator-extending modules. Some fundamental properties are presented as well as  we discuss the relation between this concept and some other related concepts.

     In this study, we propose a suitable solution for a non-linear system of ordinary differential equations (ODE) of the first order with the initial value problems (IVP) that contains multi variables and multi-parameters with missing real data. To solve the mentioned system, a new modified numerical simulation method is created for the first time which is called Mean Latin Hypercube Runge-Kutta (MLHRK). This method can be obtained by combining the Runge-Kutta (RK) method with the statistical simulation procedure which is the Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) method. The present work is applied to the influenza epidemic model in Australia in 1919  for a previous study. The comparison between the numerical and numerical simulation res