Biofilm formation represents one of the biggest problems facing scientists because of this phenomenon linkage with virulence of bacteria and other clinical environmental problems. In the present study, two clinical isolates,
Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus were exposed to the non thermal plasma for different intervals of time (1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 min). The biofilm was measured post exposing. It was found that 2 min. exposing to non-thermal plasma reduced the biofilm formation by both clinical isolates significantly. It can be concluded that the ability of S. aureus to form biofilm higher than E. coli and exposing for 2 min to non-thermal plasma sufficient to reduce the biofilm formati

Thirty one isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from 100 clinical samples include (pus, burn and wound swabs). All the isolates were identified as P. aeruginosa by conventional methods, PCR and DNA sequencing. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were undertaken for 8 groups of antibiotics (Cephalosporins, Rifamycin, fluoroquinolones, Penicillins, Carbapenems, Aminoglycosides, Chloramphenicol and Beta-lactamase inhibitor+ Penicillin). The highest resistance rate was recorded to Rifampin, and Pipracillin with 31(100%), followed by Chloramphenicol ,Cefotaxime and Cefixime with 28 (90.3%), and the lowest resistance rate to Imipenem with 8 (25.8%). Cefpodoxime resistance value was less than values reported in other study. Six strains did not car

In this contribution new oxazepine compounds containing azo group were preppared. In the firststep,4-(dimethylamino)-3-((4-methoxy phenyl) diazenyl) benzaldehyde [Z] was synthesised by using 4-methoxyaniline. The second step was the condensation reaction between aldehyde group of the azo compound [Z] and
different primary aromatic amines [4-hydroxyaniline, 4-chloroaniline and 4-amino- N-(pyrimidin-2-yl) benzenesulfonamide] to yield new azo Schiff bases compounds [A1-A3] respectively. In the final step, oxazepine compounds [B1-B3] and [B4-B6] were prepared from reaction imines compounds [A1-A3] with maleic anhydride and phathalic anhydride in dry benzene respectively. All these derivatives were c

Finite element modeling of transient temperature distribution is used to understand physical phenomena occurring during the dwell (penetration) phase and moving of welding tool in friction stir welding (FSW) of 5mm plate made of 7020-T53 aluminum alloy at 1400rpm and 40mm/min.
Thermocouples are used in locations near to the pin and under shoulder surface to study the welding tool penetration in the workpiece in advance and retreate sides along welding line in three positions (penetrate (start welding) , mid, pullout (end welding)).
Numerical results of ANSYS 12.0 package are compared to experimental data including axial load measurements at different tool rotational speeds (710rpm.900rpm.1120rpm and 1400rpm) Based on the experiment

Problem of water scarcity is becoming common in many parts of the world.  Thus to overcome this problem proper management of water and an efficient irrigation systems are needed.  Irrigation with buried vertical ceramic pipe is known as a very effective in management of irrigation water.  The two- dimensional transient flow of water from a buried vertical ceramic pipe through homogenous porous media is simulated numerically using the software HYDRUS/2D to predict empirical formulas that describe the predicted results accurately.   Different values of pipe lengths and hydraulic conductivity were selected.  In addition, different values of initial volumetric soil water content were assumed in this simulation a

     تعرف السياحة على انها مجموعة من النشاطات التي يمارسها الافراد المسافرين والمقيمين في اماكن خارج البيئة والمكان لمدة لا تتجاوز السنة للاستجمام او التجارة او اغراض اخرى. وتصنف السياحة الى عدة انماط، منها دينية وترفيهية وعلاجية ورياضية وغيرها و السياحة لها اثر كبير في دفع التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية الى الامام اذ اصبح هذا النشاط من اسرع الاسواق نمواً ويعتمد هذا النشاط المناخ بالدرجة الاولى

Background: Helicobacter pylorus is one of the most harmful human pathogens & carcinogen. Of the world's population, more than 50% has H. pylori in their upper gastrointestinal tracts. It has been linked to a variety of extra gastric disorders. In correlation to hepatobiliary diseases; recently, the bacterium has been implicated as a risk factor for various diseases ranging from chronic cholecystitis and primary biliary sclerosing cholangitis to gall bladder cancer and primary hepatic carcinomas. However, the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and gallbladder diseases is still vague and is controversial.

Aim of study: To elucidate the association of H pylori and gallbladder diseases (calculu

يعرف فن المسرح أنه احد الفنون الدرامية التي تقوم على تقديم العروض بشكل حي ومباشر بحيث يسبق هذه العروض تخطيط وتنظيم دقيق لايجاد شعور متماسك وهام للعمل المسرحي والدراما.
وللتقنية دور كبير في تطور الفن المسرحي بمعنى آخر ،تطور جميع تمفصلات المسرح من الناحية التقنية ،سواء على مستوى العرض المسرحي وما يدخل فيه من تقنيات ومن بينها تقنية القناع.
القناع هو الرداء الذي يغطي الوجه ،وله أستخدامات أخرى متعددة كالتنكر

            تضمنت اهمية البحث في تسليط الضوء على محددات اقتصاديات الرياضة (الاستثمار والتسويق والاحتراف) لدى الاندية الرياضية والتي ستعود بالفائدة لدى ادارات الاندية الرياضية في تدفق مصادر التمويل المتعددة، وتضمنت مشكلة البحث اعتماد الاندية الرياضية على التمويل الحكومي لمواجهة محددات اقتصاديات الرياضة كونها اندية استهلاكية لم تسعفها البنى التحتية والمزيج التسويق وبورصة اللاعبين من تحقيق بعض التدفقات

اشتملت مقدمة البحث وأهميته , على أهمية علم التدريب ورياضة الاسكواش , كما يجب إن لا يهمل مدربي المنتخبات الفحوصات الفسيولوجية باعتبارها مؤشر دقيق لتأثير حمل التدريب إضافة إلى تشخيص الحالة الصحية والفسلجية للرياضيين وتعديل وتبديل وتصحيح ما مطلوب من المدرب والمنهج التدريبي واللاعب... أما مشكلة البحث فتكمن في عدم الدراسة للمؤشرات الفسيولوجية للاعب الاسكواش وكذلك عدم استخدام الوحدات التدريبية المقننة التي تعم

هدف البحث الى التعرف على العلاقة بين بعض القدرات الحس حركية وبعض المهارات الأساسية لدى حراس المرمى بكرة القدم، وقد استخدم الباحث منهج البحث الوصفي بأسلوب العلاقات الارتباطية، و تم اختيار العينة من حراس مرمى منتخب جامعة بغداد بكرة القدم للسنة الدراسية (2022-2021)، وقام الباحث بإجراء التجانس لهم من ناحية العمر والطول والوزن والعمر التدريبي، و تحديد اهم القدرات الحس الحركية والمهارات الأساسية من خلال استمارة تم

هدف الدراسة التعرف على كفاءة التعليم الالكتروني في عملية التعلم للمراحل الثانوية من وجهة نظر الهيئات التدريسية ممن مارسوا التعليم الإلكتروني في تربية الكرخ الثالثة، اذ عملت الباحثة على التعرف على أهم المعوقات التي واجهت التدريسين، ومن ثم الوقوف على إيجابياتi وسلبياته من خلال توجيه استبيان مفتوح لأعضاء الهيئة التدريسية لمادة التربية الرياضية من المدرسين والمدرسات الذين مارسوا التعليم الالكتروني في مدار

The birth of Multiple Intelligence (MI) theory has revolutionized traditional education since the twentieth century. Howard Gardner, the pioneer of this theory, believed that each learner has a unique way of acquiring information. This paper investigates how the New Headway Plus for Upper-Intermediate-Third Edition, a standard EFL textbook in Iraqi universities, can cater to the diverse MI profiles of Iraqi EFL learners. It evaluates the success or failure of senior undergraduates in actively engaging with different learning styles and activities in the classroom. The study maps the distribution of nine distinct modes of MI theory across all 12 Units_ Logic/Mathematical, Verbal/Linguistic, Musical, Bodily/Kinesthetic, Visual/Spatial, Natura

Browse Iraqi academic journals and research papers

Flexible pipes, such as GRP pipes, serve as effective underground infrastructure especially as sewer pipeline. This study is an attempt for understanding the effects of bedding types on the behavior of large diameter GRP flexible sewer pipes using three dimensional finite element approaches. Theoretical and numerical analyses were performed using both BS EN 1295-1 approach and finite element method (ABAQUS software). The effects of different parameters are studied such as, depth of backfill, bedding compaction, and backfill compaction. Due to compaction, an increase in the bedding compaction modulus (E’₁) results in a reduction of both stresses and displacements of the pipe, especially, for well compacted ba

This paper presents L₁-adaptive controller for controlling uncertain parameters and time-varying unknown parameters to control the position of a DC servomotor. For the purpose of comparison, the effectiveness of L₁-adaptive controller for position control of studied servomotor has been examined and compared with another adaptive controller; Model Reference Adaptive Controller (MRAC). Robustness of both L₁-adaptive controller and model reference adaptive controller to different input reference signals and different structures of uncertainty were studied. Three different types of input signals are taken into account; ramp, step and sinusoidal. The L₁-adaptive controller ensured uniformly bounded

In this work, the design and implementation of a smart energy metering system has been developed. This system consists of two parts: billing center and a set of distributed smart energy meters. The function of smart energy meter is measuring and calculating the cost of consumed energy according to a multi-tariff scheme. This can be effectively solving the problem of stressing the electrical grid and rising consumer awareness. Moreover, smart energy meter decreases technical losses by improving power factor. The function of the billing center is to issue a consumer bill and contributes in locating the irregularities on the electrical grid (non-technical losses). Moreover, it sends the switch off command in case of the consumer bill is not

The current research aims to build a measure of competitive driving behavior of a handball coach from the point of view of the players of first-class clubs in Iraq to be able to know the behavior of each coach during the events of the matches and to know the strengths and weaknesses of that behavior, After the two researchers reviewed the metrics and literature in the subject of sports management and organization, which presented the topic of leadership behavior, it was noticed that there is an urgent need to study this behavior during sports competition, and everything related to the events of the match and more accurately, away from variables outside the sports competition because of its significant immediate impact on the performance

The aim of the present research is to study the dissolution and transport process of
benzene as a light nonaqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) in saturated porous media.
Unidirectional flow at water velocities ranged from 0.90 to 3.60 cm/hr was adopted to study
this process in a three dimensional saturated sand tank (100 cm×40 cm×35 cm). This tank
represents a laboratory-scale aquifer. The aquifer was constructed by packing homogeneous
sand in the rectangular tank. The experimental results were used to characterize the
dissolution behavior of an entrapped nonaqueous phase benzene source in a three dimensional
aquifer model. The time invariant average mass transfer coefficient was determined at each
interstitial velocit

Cowpea is a very important legume in Nigeria that is being utilized to Substitute high-cost animal protein for low-income people. The knowledge of some physical properties of various moisture contents is of utmost importance in the design of its handling and processing equipment and machinery, which is the aim of this work, which studied the physical properties of IT99K-573-1-1 (SAMPEA14) variety of Cowpea within 8.77 to 21.58 % db moisture content. The properties studied include Major, Intermediate, and Minor diameters, Sphericity, Surface area, Specific gravity, Volume, Bulk density, 50-tap density, 100-tap density, 1250-tap density, seed mass, Angle of repose, Geometric mean diameter, and Arithmetic mean diameter. The

In this work the radioactive wastes in the Old Russian
Cemetery Al -Tuwaitha site were classified according to risks for
workers who are involved in the retrieval process. The exposure
assessment results expressed as estimates of radionuclide intakes by
inhalation and ingestion, exposure rates and duration for external
exposure pathways, and committed effective dose equivalents to
individuals from all relevant radionuclides and pathways. Results
showed the presence of natural radionuclides Ra-226, Th-234 and K-
40, as well as the produced radionuclide Cs-137 and Eu-152 in the
cemetery wells. The absorbed doses from the waste were classified to
two categories; exempt waste and low level waste according to

Hydrophobic silica aerogels were successfully preparation by an ambient pressure drying method from sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) with different pH values (5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10). In this study, acidic HCl (1M), a basic NH4OH (1M) were selected as a catalyst to perform the surface modification in a TMCS (trimethylchlorosilane) solution. The surface chemical modification of the aerogels was assured by the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic studies. Other physical properties, such as pore volume and pore size and specific surface area were determined by Brunauer-Emmett- Teller (BET) method. The effect of pH values on the bulk density of aerogel. The sol–gel parameter pH value in the sol, have marked effects on the physical proper

Play a movie role now is very dangerous on a large scale, in the transfer of data in a language of thought and life -strong common understanding , tools and more permeable and effectiveness in the formation of thought and conscience of recipients. Which is an instrument of culture and knowledge , and a means of effective educational tools that aim to improve the community , also plays a prominent role in shaping society's values , and customs , and the arts , as well as used as a means of guiding , counseling and cultural enlightenment , cinema and TV gives the viewer the ability to move from one place to another by the watch and compare it to what it is , which raises the desire to improve the level , where nearly movie scenes in variou

Abstract:

 The underlying objective of the international standard No. (6) to assist in accounting applications for the extractive industries, taking into consideration the goals and objectives contained in the sixteenth of the private International Accounting Standards criterion accounting for land, machinery and equipment, as well as Standard No. axes (38) relating to intangible assets, and in order to create a vision of a comprehensive development needs oil in order to exact evaluation of policies related to the particular needs and draw a comprehensive frameworks with respect to treatment of expenditures and revenues in the oil production industry, is also interested in Standard No. (6) within the primary objectiv

The aim of this study is to investigate the existence of some heavy metals (lead, cadmium, chromium) in colored plastic table dishes and study the migration of these metals to the food meals and the affecting factors in migration , such as storage period and food temperature. Six kinds of colored plastic table dishes were collected from Baghdad markets. The heavy metals in table dishes and in the prepared food meals put in them were estimated using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Shimadzu A5000). The results indicated the existence of lead in all samples (1.61_1.00 mg/ kg) and chromium in three samples (0.85_0.97 mg/ kg) while other samples are free of chromium, and cadmium. Investigating the migration of these metals to food at dif

   The study aims to test the relationship of work pressure to its dimensions (role conflict, ambiguity of role, workload and nature of work) as an independent variable and its effect on organizational alienation by its dimensions (disability, lack of power, indifference, animosity, social isolation and self-alienation) (Restraint and confidence in negation, initiative, adaptation and living conscience) as a mediator variable, in some faculties of Baghdad University of Science (Medicine and Engineering) and Humanity (Education and Literature). The data was collected on the practical side, which was applied randomly (306) of the teachers and teachers of the colleges (56) items, which included the main research variables

The administration on the basis of the activities designed to evaluate the performance of activities in terms of cost, time and quality by identifying activities that add value and those that are no add value and  enables the administration of making up their own continuous improvement in production, through lower costs and reduce the time and improve the quality   and reduce the incidence of spoilage and waste, y based search Ally premise that (the continuous improvement of the adoption of management style on the basis of the activities helps management in decision-making wise to reduce  costs) to prove the hypothesis has sought research to achieve its goal of  Alkadivh and Alkoppelan     &nb

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of post-abortion family planning counseling program on nurses and midwives' practices and to predict the variables which may effect on their practices Methodology: A quasi experimental study was conducted from 23th April 2017 to 14th March 2018 in three governorates in Middle Euphrates of Iraq: (Holy Karbala, Al - Najef Al Ashraf and Babylon) on nurses and midwives who work at maternity hospitals. Systematic random sampling was used to select 122 nurses and midwives, (60) of them for study group and (62) for control group. A checklist is an instrument that evaluate the practices which included 50 items. Validity of content was determined through reviewing it by (16) experts and reliability of to

The reality of the field of construction projects in Iraq refers to needing for the development of performance in order to improve quality and reduce defects and errors and to control the time and cost, so there is needing for the application of effective methods in this area, one of the methods that can be applied in this area is the manner of Six Sigma. This research aims to enhance the performance and quality improvement for the construction projects by improving performance in the work of the implementation of the concrete structure depending on the Six Sigma methodology, and for the purpose of achieving the aim of the research, the researcher firstly depends on the theoretical study that include the concepts of qual

  تعد مشكلة الشعور بالنقص ظاهرة عامة تصيب جميع أفراد المجتمع، وتبدو مظاهرها في ضعف الثقة بالنفس وانخفاض تقدير الذات والخجل. وعند تفاقم هذه الظاهرة وتركها من دون علاج فأن الفرد يصاب بما يسمى (عقدة النقص) إذ يلجأ الفرد إلى سد النقص لديه بوسائل شاذة كالسرقة والإدمان والاعتداء. ونظرا لأهمية هذا الموضوع عند ارتباطه بالطلاب والتأثير النفسي والاجتماعي والأكاديمي. لذا اتجه البحث الحالي إلى قياس (الشعور بالنقص