مبادئ العلاقات الدولية

تم اجراء البحث في نادي الفروسية العراقي- Iraqi Equestrian Club (15 كم غرب مركز مدينة بغداد) للمدة من 1/10/2021 ولغاية 30/11/2022، بهدف الكشف عن المظاهر الوراثية في جين ACTN3 منطقة EXON-19 وعلاقتها في اداء خيول الثيربرد البريطانية في العراق. تبين أن هناك 3 تغايرات (3 SNPs) في جين ACTN3

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على تأثير استخدام جهاز مساعد(يتكون الجهاز المساعد من حبال عدد ( 2) طول كل حبل ( 4 م) مربوط بهما حزام امان يربط حول خصر الطالبة) في تعلم مهارة الطلوع بالدورة الخلفية الصغيرة على جهاز المتوازي للنساء. وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي على عينة من طالبات المرحلة الثانية في كلية التربية الرياضية / جامعة بغداد للعام الدراسي 2013 – 2014، وقد تم اختيار شعبة (ح) بالطريقة العشوائية وبطريقة القرعة والب

هدف البجث إلى تكييف مقياس الرضا الوظيفي لدى مدرسي التربية الرياضية للمدارس المتوسطة في مديريات تربية الرصافة، التعرف على مستوى الرضا الوظيفي لدى مدرسي التربية الرياضية للمدارس المتوسطة في مديريات تربية الرصافة. ولتحقيق اهداف البحث استخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي بالأسلوب المسحي، حدد الباحثان مجتمع البحث في مديريات تربية الرصافة الاولى والثانية والثالثة البالغ عددهم 782 مدرس ومدرسة اما عينة ال

Jatropha L. is an exotic genus to Iraq and it has been cultivated in gardens for ornamental purposes because of the shiny red color of the flowers. The plant adapted to environmental conditions and succeeded in growing and blooming, which is why the species was interested to study. The species Jatropha integerrima Jacq. was examined and diagnosed for the first time in Iraq. Morphological and anatomical characteristics for leaves (considering that the variations are the most reliable and taxonomically important) were provided. The Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, tannins and saponins. The qualitative analysis by TLC indicated the presence of alkaloids and flavonoid that was detected by specia

    كان للبيئة دور في وحدة وتجانس سكان دويلات المدن السومرية،  فوصف السومري نفسه كي ــ ان ــ جي (ساكن ارض سيد القصب)، وهو اسمى وصف للفكر الوحدوي يعبر عن مفهوم عميق للمواطنة الذي اكد عليه السومري، ليحتل مكانة في فلسفة بناء النظام الذي يسير عليه المجتمع السومري، فالوحدة في الفكر السياسي والديني والاجتماعي والاقتصادي ارسى مدنية راقية صنعت حضارة علمت العالم القديم الكتابة وانتجت اروع حضارة في التاريخ.

طبقت هذه الدراسة على لاعبي سيف المبارزة فئة (A+B) المشاركين في بطولة كاس العالم 2005 التي أقيمت في ايطاليا وقد أظهرت هذه الدراسة عدم وجود علاقة ارتباط معنوية بين طول الذراع المسلحة للاعبي سيف المبارزة على الكراسي والإنجاز , لكن هناك علاقة ارتباط معنوية بين اللمسة الأولى والإنجاز لدى نفس اللاعبين. لاعبو سيف البارزة فئة (A) لعبوا 84 مباراة انتهت 55 مباراة منها لصالح من سجل اللمسة الأولى وبنسبة مئوي مقدارها 65.48% أما الم

Background: Body image is one of the most important psychological factors that affects adolescents’ personality and behavior. Body image can be defined as the person’s perceptions, thoughts, and feelings about his or her body.

Objectives: to identify the prevalence of body image concerns among secondary school students and its relation to different factors.

Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in which 796 secondary school students participated and body shape concerns was investigated using the body shape questionnaire (BSQ-34).

Results: The prevalence of moderate/marked concern was (21.6%). Moderate/ marked body shape concern was significantly associated

Background: This vitro study investigated the effectiveness of Er,Cr:YSGG laser-activated irrigation in removing root canal filling remnants during endodontic retreatment. The technique used photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) at 700 μs pulse duration to activate 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% EDTA. Materials and methods: Twenty-one extracted human maxillary and mandibular premolars with single roots were instrumented and obturated using gutta-percha and a bioceramic root canal sealer. After retreatment using nickel-titanium rotary files (XP-endo Retreatment), the specimens were randomly assigned into three groups (n=7 per group) according to the irrigation

Background: Injuries to blood vessels are among the most dramatic challenges facing trauma surgeons because repair is often urgent, the surgeon has to decide between management options (open or endovascular), and gaining control and reconstructing a major arterial injury can be technically demanding .
Objective:,To analyze the cause of injury, surgical approach, outcome and complications of axillary artery injuries.
Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study on fifty patients at Ibn-Alnafees hospital in Baghdad from January 2005 to December 2010
Results Males were more commonly affected than female with ratio of 6.1:1. Most injuries were caused by bullet and shell (84%), followed by stab wounds (10%) and blunt trauma (6%). Pati

The finishing operation of the electrochemical finishing technology (ECF) for tube of steel was investigated In this study. Experimental procedures included qualitative
and quantitative analyses for surface roughness and material removal. Qualitative analyses utilized finishing optimization of a specific specimen in various design and operating conditions; value of gap from 0.2 to 10mm, flow rate of electrolytes from 5 to 15liter/min, finishing time from 1 to 4min and the applied voltage from 6 to 12v, to find out the value of surface roughness and material removal at each electrochemical state. From the measured material removal for each process state was used to verify the relationship with finishing time of work piece. Electrochemi

The aim of this study was to investigate antibiotic amoxicillin removal from syn­thetic pharmaceutical wastewater. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) was used in photocatalysis treatment method under natural solar irradiation in a tubular reactor. The photocatalytic removal efficiency was evaluated by the reduction in amoxicillin concentration. The effects of antibiotics concentration, TiO₂ dose, irradiation time and the effect of pH were studied. The optimum conditions were found to be irradiation time 5 hr, catalyst dosage 0.6 g/L, flow rate 1 L/min and pH 5. The photocatalytic treatment was able to destruct the amoxicillin in 5 hr and induced an amoxicillin reduction of about 10% with 141.8 kJ/L accumulate

Fluid-structure interaction method is performed to predict the dynamic characteristics of axial fan system. A fluid-structure interface physical environment method (monolithic method) is used to couple the fluid flow solver with the structural solver. The integration of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations is performed in the time Doman, simultaneously to the integration of the three dimensional structural model. The aerodynamic loads are transfer from the flow to structure and the coupling step is repeated within each time step, until the flow solution and the structural solution have converged to yield a coupled solution of the aeroelastic set of equations. Finite element method is applied to solve numerically

The growing population and the rising standard of living in cities as well as the increased commercial, industrial and agricultural activities around the world led to
massive production of waste containing different materials and one of them is the municipal solid waste (MSW), so there is a major problem facing the cities around the world about the waste, how to collect, transfer it and how to discard it. Because the accumulation of wastes, whether in the city alleys or in its squares and especially in its residential areas affect the health of their populations besides this situation will be a major indication of the deteriorating quality of life in the city, as hygiene considered a fundamental criterion for the city beauty as well

Summary First: The importance of the study and the need for it: The society is composed of an integrated unit of groups and institutions that seek to achieve a specific goal within a system of salary, and the family remains the most influential institutions on the individual and the unity of society, with the roles and responsibilities of the individual and society, and through the continuation and strength of other social organizations derive their ability On the other hand, any break-up in the institution of the family is reflected negatively on the cohesion of society and its interdependence, and the causes of this disintegration vary from society to another, but family problems remain the main factor in obtaining it. Second: Study Ob

Laser diode with 980 nm has many attractive applications in telecommunication and photonic systems especially when it used for pumping the Erbium–Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs) which is an essential c- band amplifier that used in many applications for enhancing the nonlinear system conversion efficiency. In this work pulsed laser diode was manufactured after electronically implement the divider circuit with thermal stability of 14 pin 980 nm butterfly laser diode (AGREE SL 90S31A) that has maximum power of 160 mW. This driver circuit was based on the LM317 adjustable current regulator. The electronically chopped 980 nm laser diode achieved stable modulation in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 1 kHz. The proposed driver circuit is simpl

The snappers (Lutjanid fish) are an important food source for the Iraqi people. Three
species of lutjanid fishes- the Blackspot snapper Lutjanus ehrenbergii (Peters, 1869), Dory
snapper L. fulviflamma (Forsskål, 1775) and L. indicus Allen, White & Erdmann, 2013 were
caught from Iraqi marine waters in the Arabian Gulf during 2024. The Blackspot snapper L.
ehrenbergii and the Dory snapper L. fulviflamma were found to be infested with both
Euryhaliotrema adelpha Kritsky & Justine in Kritsky, 2012 (reported here as a new host) and
E. spirotubiforum (Zhang, 2001) Wu, Zhu, Xie & Li, 2006. L. indicus was infested only with
E. spirotubiforum which is reported here for the first time from this host species and th

Abstract

The current research aims to identify the communicative competence of university students, to identify the levels of communicative competence among university students and which of these levels are more common, and to identify the significance of differences in communicative competence among university students according to the variables of gender and specialization. The study population consisted of (782) male and female students, as the statistical analysis sample was limited to (400) male and female students to extract the psychometric properties of the current research tool. The study sample included (382) male and female students at the University of Baghdad who were chosen by the stratified random

This paper provides an identification key to the species of Orthetrum Newman, 1833 (Odonata, Libellulidae), including six species that were collected from different localities in Iraq.

    The species of O. anceps (Schneider, 1845) is registered as a new record in Iraq; the most important characters which are used in diagnostic key are included

Kaolin ceramic compacts sintered at various temperatures are investigated to correlate their microstructure with their acoustic parameters.  Pulse  velocity  ,  attenuation  coefficient,  and  quality factor values are ducts from ultrasonic attenuation measurements, moreover, the dynamical mechanics parameters( Young and shear modules) exhibited an explicit relationship with the acoustic quality factor.inturn  are  related  to  the  microstructure  which  is  heavily affected by the sintering mechanism.

In this paper, integrated quantum neural network (QNN), which is a class of feedforward

neural networks (FFNN’s), is performed through emerging quantum computing (QC) with artificial neural network(ANN) classifier. It is used in data classification technique, and here iris flower data is used as a classification signals. For this purpose independent component analysis (ICA) is used as a feature extraction technique after normalization of these signals, the architecture of (QNN’s) has inherently built in fuzzy, hidden units of these networks (QNN’s) to develop quantized representations of sample information provided by the training data set in various graded levels of certainty. Experimental results presented here show that

هدف البحث الى التعرف على تأثير بعض المواقف التحكيمية باستخدام جهاز التواصل في بعض مدركات المحيط لدى  حكّام الدرجة الأولى بالكرة الطائرة في العراق, وتمّ اختيار عيّنة البحث بالطريقة العمدية من حكّام الكرة الطائرة للدرجة الأولى العاملين والمسجّلين في سجلات الاتحاد العراقي المركزي للكرة الطائرة للموسم (2018-2019) والبالغ عددهم (70) حكماً وهم يمثلون مجتمع البحث بأكمله, وتم اختيار (12) حكماً كعينة للبحث

ملخـــص البحــــث

  إنّ ثورة الإمام الحسين عليه السلام خالدة خلوداً أبدياً لم تمت بعد توالي الدهور، ولن تنسى ،بل تزداد طراوة على مر السنين.

وخلود الثورة الحسينية يكمن في أسباب كثيرة منها هدفها الاصلاحي وقيادتها الحكيمة ثم انسانيتها التي تستلهم منها القيم والمثل،كما أن للمجالس الحسينية أثرا كبيرا في تخليدها ولاسيما في أيام المحرم وصفر،وهذه المجالس تحوي الوعظ والإرشاد،ومعرفة ال

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have become an integral part of wide range of applications. One of these applications of GNSS is implementation of the cellular phone to locate the position of users and this technology has been employed in social media applications. Moreover, GNSS have been effectively employed in transportation, GIS, mobile satellite communications, and etc. On the other hand, the geomatics sciences use the GNSS for many practical and scientific applications such as surveying and mapping and monitoring, etc.

In this study, the GNSS raw data of ISER CORS, which is located in the North of Iraq, are processed and analyzed to build up coordinate time series for the purpose of detection the

تعد الفعاليات البدنية التنافسية ضرورة ملحة لتلاميذ المرحلة الابتدائية لما تحتويه من عناصر مهمة في شخصية التلميذ. ولاهمية المنافسات في تعلم المهارات الحركية اثناء درس التربية الرياضية ضمن نشاطهِ التطبيقي ولما تمتلكه هذه الفعاليات من تأثيرات في التلميذ انبثقت هذهِ الدارسة لتسلط الضوء على التوجهات التعليمية والانفعالية لتلاميذ المرحلة الابتدائية نحو تلك الفعاليات، شملت عينة البحث على 442 تلميذاً من المرحل

The recent study aimed to identify the level of Self- Esteem and its relation to some variables (Gender, Experience years, and Educational stage) among psychologists in schools of the Sultanate of Oman. The study sample consisted of (154) psychologists of both male and female who are working in different stages of study in the schools affiliated to the Ministry of Education in the Sultanate of Oman. The sample of the study consisted of (43) male and (111) female psychologists from (11) governorates of the Sultanate. The descriptive analytical methodology was used. In order to collect data the Self-Esteem questionnaire prepared by the researcher were used. Statistical processing was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (

In this research, nanofibers have been prepared by using an electrospinning method. Three types of polymer (PVA, VC, PMMA) have been used with different concentration. The applied voltage and the gap length were changed. It was observed that VC is the best polymer than the other types of polymers.

Hueckel edge detector study using binary step edge image is presented. The standard algorithm that Hueckel presented, in his paper without any alteration is adopted. This paper studies a fully analysis for the algorithm efficiency, time consuming and the expected results with slide window size and edge direction. An analysis for its behavior with the changing of the slide window size (disk size) is presented. The best result is acquired when the window size equals to four pixel.  

The  research includes attempts to prepare anthranil ic acid (C7H7N02) complexes  with some metals: [Pd (II), Fe(ll), and  Fe (Ill))  which have been characterized by using:

Thermal stability (melti ng point, d composition poit), molar conductivity, IR,   UV-visible   spectra,   elemental   analysis   (C-H-N)   and   magnetic properties.  The   general  formula   has   been  given for  the   prepared complexes:-

- M(C2H6N02)2 Where M= [Pd(ll), Fe(TI), Hg(ll)]

:.. M(C1H6N02)l Where  M= [Fe(llf)]