High-rise structures are a significant indication in contemporary urban improvement, mainly in areas characterized by accelerated urban growth and dense population. This type of building should be designed to withstand severe load conditions. Therefore, using composite structural elements in such structures is required for stronger and durable elements. This paper introduces a finite element analysis model for Concrete Filled Stainless Steel Tubular Columns (CFSST) of (100x100) mm cross-section and (1250) mm length to inspect the impact of concrete compressive strength on the response of (CFSST). The generated model was first evaluated through a comprehensive comparison with experimental research. Then, after the model w

تناول هذا البحث اهمية المراتب العسكرية في عصر دولة المماليك الاولى البحرية في التصدي للاعتداءات الخارجية المتمثلة بالاخطار الصليبية ومدى اهمية الدور الذي لعبة اصحاب المراتب في وضع الخطط العسكرية وتنفيذها بطريقة محكمة وذكية للاطاحة بالاعداء الصلبييين وتحقيق النصر عليهم مع تسليط الضوء على ابرز انجازتهم العسكرية خلال تلك الحقبة

تعد الصناعات النسيجية احدى اهم الصناعات التي شهدتها بلاد الرافدين  , زاولها لتغطية حاجته من الملابس والأغطية  ، إذ إن حاجة الانسان الى المنسوجات لا تقل أهمية عن حاجته للغذاء. وقد أدى توفر المواد الأولية المتمثلة بصوف الأغنام وشعر الماعز من جهة ووجود الايدي العاملة الماهرة من جهة أخرى وبدعم واهتمام السلطة الحاكمة بإنشاء معامل النسيج وادارتها من خلال المشرفين والمراقبين الى تطور الصناعات النسيجية، وقد

Finding an alternative to materials that pollute during manufacturing, most notably cement, is vital to executing the idea of sustainability in the building sector. It was vital to develop concrete that assists in the reduction of CO₂ (Carbon dioxide) in the atmosphere because industrial wastes contain calcium, silica, and aluminous minerals, such as silica fume, that are employed in the production of high-strength concrete and have parameters that are identical to those of regular concrete. As a substitute for Portland cement, lime cement was utilized, and 15% of the cement's weight was substituted with silica fume. Environmentally friendly fibers (Copper Fiber) created from old electrical and electronic equi

Person recognition systems have been applied for several years, as fingerprint recognition has been experimented with different image resolutions for 15 years. Fingerprint recognition and biometrics for security are becoming commonplace. Biometric systems are emerging and evolving topics seen as fertile ground for researchers to investigate more deeply and discover new approaches. Among the most prominent of these systems is the palm printing system, which identifies individuals based on the palm of their hands because of the advantages that the palm possesses that cannot be replicated among humans, as in its theory of other fingerprints. This paper proposes a biometric system to identify people by handprint, especially

يتناول هذا البحث تطور العلاقات السياسية بين سلطنة عُمان والمملكة المغربية خلال المدة من 1971 حتى 1982م، وهي مرحلة شهدت تحولات سياسية مهمة في العالم العربي. ركّزت الدراسة على توثيق اللقاءات الرسمية بين القيادتين، وتوضيح مواقف البلدين المتقاربة من القضايا العربية والإسلامية، خاصة القضية الفلسطينية. كما ناقش البحث التعاون بين البلدين داخل المنظمات الإقليمية كجامعة الدول العربية ومنظمة المؤتمر الإسلامي. وبيّن

The present work covers the analytical design process of three dimensional (3-D) hip joint prosthesis with numerical fatigue stress analysis. The analytical generation equations describing the different stem constructive parts (ball, neck, tour, cone, lower ball) have been presented to reform the stem model in a mathematical feature. The generated surface has been introduced to FE solver (Ansys version 11) in order to simulate the induced dynamic stresses and investigate the effect of every design parameter (ball radius, angle of neck, radius of neck, neck ratio, main tour radius, and outer tour radius) on the max. equivalent stresses for hip prosthesis made from titanium alloy. The dynamic loading case has been studied to a stumbling ca

تولى حكم الدولة الحفصية العديد من السلاطين الحفصيين كان لهم دور كبير في
الدولة ، إذ عملوا على توحيد البلاد وإعادة الامن والاستقرار للدولة نذكر منهم السلطان أبو العباس احمد الحفصي الذي هو موضوع دراستنا إذ عمل على شمل البلاد والقضاء على نفوذ المتمردين وكان لابناءه دور في الدولة كانوا امراء على المدن ، فسلم أبو العباس منصب الأمير على مدينة قسنطينة (761هـ/1360م) بعد ان كانت تحت سيطرة المرينين ، وانتزع مدينة بجايه

Engineering design relies highly on the selection of suitable materials. Because there are many engineering materials, selecting a suitable material for a product requires a systematic selection approach. This paper provides a hybrid strategy for choosing the best material for an engineering design to give the best performance at the lowest cost based on Ashby's performance indices. Then, it ranks the result by the grey relational approach integrated with the Weighted Entropy Method to choose the optimum material for the main rotor blade of a helicopter. Different materials used for manufacturing rotor blades, such as Aluminium alloys, titanium alloys, steel, composites, and wood, have been discussed. The performance ind

مدينة أربيل هي عاصمة أقليم كردستان العراق وتقع المحافظة بين خط العرض (37) وخط الطول (45)، ويعد حي القلعة التاريخية في المدينة أعلى نقطة فيها حيث يصل إرتفاعه الى 414 م فوق مستوى سطح البحر. تتمتع أربيل بتاريخ طويل من الإستيطان تمتد الى حدود الألف السادس قبل الميلاد، وشهدت المدينة أحداثا على أهمية كبيرة من التاريخ العالمي، وتتمثل أهمية قلعة أربيل في كونها واحدة من أقدم المواقع المأهولة بالسكان وبشكل مستمر الأمر الذ

       بدأت جمهورية كوريا. استكمال عملية التحديث بوتيرة متصاعدة على مدى اربعة عقود من التأسيس وقد اكتمل التحول الديمقراطي بعقد اول انتخابات رئاسية بمشاركة جميع الاطياف والنخب المجتمعية عام 1988 وكانت استضافة جمهورية كوريا "دورة الألعاب الاولمبية" عام 1988.قد لفت انظار العالم بأن جمهورية كوريا نجحت فعليا في استكمال جميع مؤسسات التحديث وانها مؤهلة للاندماج في العالم الرأسمالي يحاول البحث تقديم رؤي

An attempt to synthesize the benzoimidazol derivatives from the reaction of o-phenylenediamine and benzoic acid derivatives in the presence of ethanol and various ketones under microwave irradiation, 1 , 5 - benzodiazepinum salt derivatives were obtained instead of them. Unexpected reaction was happened for synthesis a new series of benzodiazepinium salt derivatives in a selective yield . The reaction mechanism was also discussed. The new compounds were purified and identified their structures were elucidated using various physical techniques like; FT- IR spectra, micro elemental analysis (C.H.N) and 1H NMR spectra.

Background: habit is any purposeless action repeated unconsciously. It is a sign of lack of harmony between the subject and the surrounding environment. Deleterious oral habits such as finger sucking could be one of the etiological factors for altered oro-facial growth development. This study conducted to explore the association between finger sucking habit and malocclusion in deciduous dentition. Materials and method: Totally 40 chronic thumb sucker and 40 controls matching in age and gender were enrolled in the study. A study conducted by verifying different occlusal trait through the intra-oral examination. Thumb sucking habit diagnosed using data gathered from parents. Results: The statistical analysis showed a highly significant dif

تهدف الدراسة الى ابراز دور الاتحاد العام للعمال الجزائريين عام 1956 م, في مساندة جبهة التحرير الوطني في حربها ضد الاستعمار الفرنسي ,واقتضت الدراسة استخدام المنهج التاريخي الوصفي التحليلي , اذ احتوت الدراسة على تمهيد وتسع محاور وخاتمة , تضمن التمهيد البدايات الاولى لتأسيس النقابات الفرنسية في الجزائر وانضمام العمال الجزائريين فيها, واكتساب التجربة النقابية لتأسيس نقابات مستقلة عام 1956, اما المحور الاول: دوافع

   يُعد موضوع كُتب التراجم من خلال كتاب وفيات الأعيان وأنباء أبناء الزمان لابن خلكان (ت:681ه/1282م)، من المواضيع المهمة إذ يركز على أهم كُتب التراجم التي ذكرها المؤلف عندما تناول ترجمة الشخصيات والأعيان في كتابه ولاهية كُتب التراجم في مسيرة الباحثين ولاسيما من يكتب في المواضيع التاريخية إذ أنه يحتاج كثيراً إلى كُتب التراجم من أجل ترجمة الشخصيات ومعرفة نسبهم وكناهم وتاريخ وفاتهم ومدنهم اخترت هذا الموضوع.

الإمام السيوطي، وهو من أعلام المحبة النبوية، يكتب وكأن قلبه ينبض بكل حرف. فتراه يربط بين المعجزة وبين أثرها في الصحابة، وكيف كانت سببًا في تثبيت الإيمان، أو في هداية القلوب، أو في كشف الغطاء عن عظمة هذا النبي الذي ما نطق عن الهوى. وفي كل صفحة من الخصائص الكبرى، تشعر أن المعجزة ليست مجرد قصة، بل هي تجلٍّ من تجليات النور المحمدي، الذي لا ينطفئ، ولعل أجمل ما في هذا الطرح، أنه يُشعر القارئ بأن المعجزات ليست بعيدة،

The usage of remote sensing techniques in managing and monitoring the environmental areas is increasing due to the improvement of the sensors used in the observation satellites around the earth. Resolution merge process is used to combine high resolution one band image with another one that have low resolution multi bands image to produce one image that is high in both spatial and spectral resolution. In this work different merging methods were tested to evaluate their enhancement capabilities to extract different environmental areas; Principle component analysis (PCA), Brovey, modified (Intensity, Hue ,Saturation) method and High Pass Filter methods were tested and subjected to visual and statistical comparison for evaluation. Both visu

This paper describes DC motor speed control based on optimal Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) technique. Controller's objective is to maintain the speed of rotation of the motor shaft with a particular step response.The controller is modeled in MATLAB environment, the simulation results show that the proposed controller gives better performance and less settling time when compared with the traditional PID controller.

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       اختزلت سياسات 1963-1970 الإصلاح الزراعي في عملية مصادرة واسعة، استُخدمت لإعادة هندسة الريف اجتماعياً وسياسياً، لا اقتصادياً. فبينما حققت تغييراً جزئياً في البنية الاجتماعية عبر تقليص الإقطاع التقليدي، فقد تحول الخطاب الاشتراكي من أداة تحرر إلى آلية تسلط غطّى هيمنة الدولة على الريف عبر شبكة بيروقراطية.

انقسم البحث الى ثلاث مباحث تناول المبحث الأول تحليل السياسات الزراعية التي اتبعتها

This paper presents thermal characteristics analysis of a modified Closed Wet Cooling Tower (CWCT) based on heat and mass transfer principles to improve the performance of this tower in Iraq. A prototype of CWCT optimized by added packing was designed, manufactured and tested for cooling capacity of 9 kW. Experiments are conducted to explore the effects of various operational and conformational parameters on the thermal performance. In the test section, spray water temperature and both dry bulb temperature and relative humidity of the air measured at intermediate points of the heat exchanger and packing. Heat exchangers consist of four rows and eight columns for an inline tubes arrangement and six rows and five columns f

In this research an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique was applied for the prediction of Ryznar Index (RI) of the flowing water from WTPs in Al-Karakh side (left side) in Baghdad city for year 2013. Three models (ANN1, ANN2 and ANN3) have been developed and tested using data from Baghdad Mayoralty (Amanat Baghdad) including drinking water quality for the period 2004 to 2013. The results indicate that it is quite possible to use an artificial neural networks in predicting the stability index (RI) with a good degree of accuracy. Where ANN 2 model could be used to predict RI for the effluents from Al-Karakh, Al-Qadisiya and Al-Karama WTPs as the highest correlation coefficient were obtained 92.4, 82.9 and 79.1% respe

Abstract To estimate the seroprevalence of HCV infection among HIV-infected haemophiliacs and to demonstrate the most prevalent HCV genotype, 47 HIV-infected haemophilia patients were screened for anti-HCV antibodies. By performing polymerase chain reaction and DNA enzyme immunoassay, HCV-RNA was detected with subsequent genotyping. Seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibodies was 66.0%. Of 31 HCV/HIV co-infected patients, 21 (67.7%) had no history of blood transfusion. We detected 4 HCV genotypes: 1a, 1b, 4 and 4 mixed with 3a, HCV-1b being the most frequent. Contaminated factor VIII (clotting factor) could be responsible for disease acquisition.

تمتعت جزيرة كريت بموقعها الستراتيجي المميز في قلب البحر المتوسط، لذا توجهت انظار الدول الاستعمارية صوبها، فخضعت للسيطرة الرومانية، ثم بعد انتشار الاسلام وتوسعهُ سيطر العرب المسلمون عليها، ومن ثم وقعت تحت سيطرة البيزنطينيون ومن ثم البنادقة والعثمانيين.

وبعد تدهور اوضاع الدولة العثمانية وقيام ثورة الاستقلال اليونانية عام1822 وجهت الدولة العثمانية محمد علي باشا لإخماد ثورة اليونان والذي نجح بإخمادها وت

Integrating sustainability in construction project management requires practical, management-oriented approaches addressing environmental, economic and operational challenges. This study is a review and prioritization of management and process strategies involved in integrating the concept of sustainability into construction projects. The research methodology included a systematic literature review, followed by expert validation with an open-ended questionnaire, and a closed-ended questionnaire that was distributed among 83 professionals. The information obtained was examined by applying the Kano model and Timko indices to rank and prioritize strategies according to their impact on stakeholder satisfaction and dissatisfa

Drying shrinkage can lead to microcracking and reduced durability, especially when external curing is insufficient. Internal curing effectively addresses this issue by supplying additional internal water that sustains hydration when external curing is inadequate, water to the concrete matrix to sustain hydration, and alleviating strains caused by shrinking. This study investigates the influence of internal curing utilizing water-absorbing polymer balls (WAPB), lightweight aggregate (LWA), and their hybrid complex on the drying shrinkage and flexural strength of concrete. Seven concrete admixtures were developed: two references (Rw, Rair), WAPB, 50% LWA, Hybrid (25% LWA + 5% WAPB) following ACI 211.1, and two fully lightw

This study develops prediction models for smart management system of construction projects by identifying the parameters that influence project cost and duration. Among sixteen parameters, the Fuzzy DEMATEL model is applied to a sample of ten construction projects to estimate the net influence weights (D-R) of these parameters on cost and duration of these projects. The outcomes indicated that the model demonstrated high accuracy in predicting the key parameters affecting cost and duration. In particular, both the "application of sustainability standards" and "effective coordination between contractors" significantly impact project cost and duration. On the other hand, "the availability of raw materials" was found to be

Despite the depleting fossil fuel reserves and growing environmental concerns, the world’s energy consumption is still rising, resulting in the development of unconventional and alternative energy sources. A byproduct from the distillation of crude oil, residual fuel oil (RFO), also known as bunker fuel, finds extensive application in power generation and marine transportation. Because of its high viscosity, high Sulphur content and incomplete combustion, RFO has not gotten much attention in recent fuel research, despite its high energy content and widespread availability. This study examines RFO's physicochemical and thermal properties in contrast with standard fuels such as diesel, biodiesel and high-sulfur fuel oil.

It is no secret to everyone that the Arab individual suffers from poor self-awareness and political awareness, which made the state and the importance of its existence and preserving its institutions not among his interests, which made researchers wonder about the possibility of strengthening it and the extent of its impact on the future of building the contemporary Arab state, so the study attempted Addressing the issue of community awareness and its impact on building the state through a clear intellectual vision that blended what is social and political to define the concept of community awareness and highlight its importance and role as a basic pillar in shaping and building modern Arab countries. In the Arab world and ways to enhanc