تناول دستور جمهورية العراق لعام 2005 سياسة الامن الوطني بوصفها اختصاصا حصريا للسلطات الاتحادية، وسياسة الامن الوطني كأحد صور السياسات العامة التي احاطها الدستور خصوصية عندما نص عليها بشكل خاص، بالإضافة الى أنواع أخرى من السياسات نص عليها الدستور،  كما ان هذه السياسة حظيت باهتمام النظم الدستورية المقارنة، اذ نصت على تشكيل مجالس دستورية متخصصة تتولى عملية وضع وتنفيذ هذه السياسة، او تشكيل مؤسسات متخصصة لهذ

The public budget is regarded a main tool for economic and social development. The preparation of the public budget constitute an important stream which enriches the developmental efforts and the definition of its priorities, therefore it is the focus point of many specializations. The public budget has numerous functions. It is a means to precise and to execute the political and economic goals of the executive authority, a mirror of the economic structure which reflects its strength and weakness points, specifies its revenues and others. Since the parliament is the voice of the society which expresses its interests, then, it must monitor the performance of the government so that the participation of the legislative authority in

Abstract :

This research aims to examine the correlation and the impact of Strategic leadership on Achieving Organizational in some of establishments in ministry of construction and housing which is under public founds, Starting from the importance of research in public organizations and the importance of these organizations to the community, it is rely descriptive analytical methods in achievement of this research, the research involved board of directors, Data has collected from (92) respondents, represent the respondent society exclusively and comprehensively, it involved the general directors, assistant general directors and heads of department, The research relied programs (Excel 2010, Spss V.21), moreover, some o

ان استمرار السباحين والمتخصصون في عملية التدريب وفي البحث عن ما هو جديد من طرائق ووسائل التدريب والتطوير لرفع من مستوى السباح بصورة عامة واستمرار تطور الارقام خلال الدورات الاولمبية والبطولات العالمية وما لاقته من اهتمام كبير من قبل المختصين والباحثين والمدربين، ومساهمة المتغيرات البايوميكانيكية في تحسين مستوى الإنجاز لدى السباحين، مما يستوجب دراسة هذه المتغيرات البايوميكانيكية من اجل الوقوف وتحديد نق

In recent decades, tremendous success has been achieved in the advancement of chemical admixtures for Portland cement concrete. Most efforts have concentrated on improving the properties of concrete and studying the factors that influence on these properties. Since the compressive strength is considered a valuable property and is invariably a vital element of the structural design, especially high early strength development which can be provide more benefits in concrete production, such as reducing construction time and labor and saving the formwork and energy. As a matter of fact, it is influenced as a most properties of concrete by several factors including water-cement ratio, cement type and curing methods employed.
Because of acce

A numerical investigation has been performed to study the effect of eccentricity on unsteady state, laminar aiding mixed convection in a horizontal concentric and eccentric cylindrical annulus. The outer cylinder was kept at a constant temperature
while the inner cylinder was heated with constant heat flux. The study involved numerical solution of transient momentum (Navier-Stokes) and energy equation using finite difference method (FDM), where the body fitted coordinate system (BFC) was
used to generate the grid mesh for computational plane. The governing equations were transformed to the vorticity-stream function formula as for momentum equations and to the temperature and stream function for energy equation.
A computer progra

The characters of facades' form of the Iraqi building after 2003 have been changed, it has been described by many names. The problem of the research is that what are the features of the characters of the form in the façades of the buildings in Baghdad city after 2003? Are the façade of the individual houses or the commercial buildings is the heaviest in the visual weight? The research aims to answer those questions by choosing the vernacular architecture as a measurement tool. It is the informal image of the architecture, which is built by people informally and spontaneously, without official control and legislation to be organized. This is smellier to what has happened in Baghdad, after 2003 according to previous stud

An improved Metal Solar Wall (MSW) with integrated thermal energy storage is presented in this research. The proposed MSW makes use of two, combined, enhanced heat transfer methods. One of the methods is characterized by filling the tested ducts with a commercially available copper Wired Inserts (WI), while the other one uses dimpled or sinusoidal shaped duct walls instead of plane walls. Ducts having square or semi-circular cross sectional areas are tested in this work.
A developed numerical model for simulating the transported thermal energy in MSW is solved by finite difference method. The model is described by system of three governing energy equations. An experimental test rig has been built and six new duct configurations have b

The main purpose of this study is to investigated the single fillet weld design for built-up members
by using ftision welding and find the effects of welding power input on that design for member. In
this work, investigation of welding metal for Low carbon steel plate type St.52-3, thickness 6-8
rnm, which is to ensure good mechanical properties under high stresses for ( Welding metal , heat
affected Zone (HAZ) and base metal ). Also it can be explain, that the effects of welding processes
on the deformation and changes in mechanical and metallurgical properties due to high thermal
energy, results from welding process. This study involved: weld design, selection of suitable
electrode, evaluation of mech

Copper, and its, alloys and composites (being the matrix), are broadly used in the electronic as well as bearing materials due to the excellent thermal and electrical conductivities it has.

In this study, powder metallurgy technique was used for the production of copper graphite composite with three volume perc ent of graphite.  Processing parameters selected is (900) °C sintering temperature and (90) minutes holding time for samples that were heated in an inert atmosphere (argon gas). Wear test results showed a pronounced improvement in wear resistance as the percent of graphite increased which acts as solid lubricant (where wear rate was decreased by about 88% as compared with pure Cu). Microhardness and

Acinetobacter baumannii is gram negative opportunistic coccobacilli,the most important agent in nosocomial infections with high mortality rate. This bacteria is characterized by (biochemical tests, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and vitek-2 system). The antibiotic susceptibility result of A. baumannii isolates were  shown resistant to (Methicillin, Nitrofurantion), while sensitive to (colistin, Ciprofloxacin).This study was aimed to biosynthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles by using prodigiosin pigment produced from clinical isolate Serratia marcescens as reducing and stabilizing agent for Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) and used as antibacterial agent fo

This study deals with the serviceability of reinforced concrete solid and perforated rafters with openings of different shapes and sizes based on an experimental study that includes 12 post-fire non-prismatic reinforced concrete beams (solid and perforated). Three groups were formed based on heating temperature (room temperature, 400 °C, and 700 °C), each group consisting of four rafters (solid, rafters with 6 and 8 trapezoidal openings, and rafter with eight circular openings) under static loading. A developed unified calculation technique for deflection and crack widths under static loading at the service stage has been provided, which comprises non-prismatic beams with or without opening exposed to flexure concentra

Background: with the advent of new postmaterial in dentistry, it has become important to measure fitness of post restoration along the horizontal plane of the root space.This study aimed to measure and compare, the cement film thickness of conventional zinc phosphate cement in micrometer between the post and root dentin along horizontal plane at different post space regions (coronal, middle and apical) of four types of posts, by using stereomicroscopy. Material and methods: Thirty-two extracted human maxillary canines, mandibular canines and maxillary central incisors (n=32) were instrumented with ProTaper system files (hand use) and obturated with gutta-percha for ProTaper and AH26® root canal sealer. After 24hrs of incubation at 37ºC, p

In this paper a new idea was introduced which is finding a new distribution from other distributions using mixing parameters; w_i  where  0 < w_i < 1 ­and . Therefore we can get many mixture distributions with a number of parameters. In this paper I introduced the idea of a mixture Weibull distribution which is produced from mixing two Weibull distributions; the first with two parameters, the scale parameter , and the shape parameter,  and the second also has the scale parameter , and the shape parameter,  in addition to the location parameter, . These two distributions were mixed using a new parameter which is the mixing parameter w which represents the proportion

   The aim of this paper is to present the first record of ctenophore species Pleurobrachia pileus (O. F. Müller, 1776) in the coral reef as was recently found in Iraqi marine waters. The specimens were collected from two sites, the first was in Khor Abdullah during May 2015, and the second site was located in the pelagic water of the coral reef area, near the Al-Basrah deep sea crude oil marine loading terminal. Three samples were collected at this site during May 2015, February and March 2018 which showed that P. pileus were present at a densities of 3.0, 2.2 and 0.55 ind./ m³ respectively. The species can affect on the abundance of other zooplankton community through predation.

تركزت الدّراسة وأهدافها في إيجاد العلاقة بين جودة الحياة المهنية بالتكيف المهني لمشرفي التربية الرياضية، فضلًا عن تَعَرُّف الفروق بين الجنسين في جودة الحياة المهنية؛ إذ تُعدُّ أهمية عنصر جودة الحياة المهنية من العناصر المؤثرة للوصول إِلى التكيف المهني؛ لذا قام الباحث بناء استبانة جودة الحياة المهنية، والمكونة من أربعة مجالات، ومجموع فقراتها (28) فقرة، واستبانة التكيف المهني، والمكونة من (24) فقرة، ولتحقيق

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common disease associated with pregnant women due to several anatomical and hormonal changes in pregnant women lead to ureteral dilatation and urinary infection, many of microorganisms such as fungi, viruses, and bacteria have numerous virulence factors that enhance their ability to colonize in pregnant women. Some bacteria have resistance toward many antimicrobial agents for treatment has led to therapeutic difficulties worldwide, in order that many investigators try to test fungal extract to reduce bacterial infection.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of extract of Calvatia craniiformis on different types of bacteria which wa

Autorías: Ismael Saleem Abed, Imad Kadhim Khlaif, Salah Mahmood Salman. Localización: Revista iberoamericana de psicología del ejercicio y el deporte. Nº. 5, 2022. Artículo de Revista en Dialnet.

To study the qualitative changes in testis tissue after carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration and to determine whether citric acid (CA) has a protective effect against testis damage induced by CCl4. This study compared two types of CA by measuring the histoarchitecture of the testis and serum levels of progesterone, estrogen and testosterone on mice. One of the most produced organic acid is citric acid. In this study, CA produced by microbial fermentation using Aspergillus Niger 5mg/kg and derived from citrus limon 400mg/kg (lemon). Mice were treated with daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection for seven successive days after randomly separated into six groups: (1) control, (2) CCl4 (0.02%), (3) limon citric acid (400 mg/kg), (4) CCl4 (

Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, teach the pen, taught the human what he didn't know, Ihmad - Almighty - and thank him, and repent to him and ask forgiveness, which is the most forgiving, and bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone has no partner, gives and prevents, And I bear witness that Muhammad is  a slave to Allah  and his Messenger, who called for guidance and good speech and spoke, peace be upon him and his family and companions, and those who followed them until the Day of Judgment.

This effort is related to describe and assess the performance of the Iraqi cement sample planned for oil well-cementing jobs in Iraq. In this paper, major cementing properties which are thickening time, compressive strength, and free water in addition to the rheological properties and filtration of cement slurry underneath definite circumstances are experimentally tested. The consequences point to that the Iraqi cement after special additives encounter the requests of the API standards and can consequently is used in cementing jobs for oil wells. At this research, there is a comparative investigation established on experimental work on the effectiveness of some additives that considered as waste materials which are silica fume, bauxite,

Water scarcity is a growing concern, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Sea of Najaf in Iraq is one such region facing water scarcity, with the lake serving as a crucial water source for the local population. Remote sensing systems "RS" and geographic information systems "GIS" are important techniques for monitoring environmental and land cover changes. This paper focuses on Sentinel-2B imagery for surface water mapping in the Sea of Najaf and evaluating the performance of maximum likelihood (MLC) classification method. The study area encompasses Sea of Najaf and its immediate surroundings. Two images for Sentinel-2B one image on December,29, 2015 and December,29,2022, were used for training and validating the classification mod

In this study, the effect of design parameters such as pipe diameter, pipe wall thickness, pipe material and the effect of fluid velocity on the natural frequency of fluid-structure interaction in straight pipe conveying fully developed turbulent flow were investigate numerically,analytically and experimentally. Also the effect of support conditions, simply-simply and clamped-clamped was investigated. Experimentally, pipe vibrations were characterized by accelerometer mounted on the pipe wall. The natural frequencies of vibration were analyzed by using Fast Fourier Transformer (FFT). Five test sections of two different pipe diameters of 76.2
mm and 50.8 mm with two pipe thicknesses of 3.7 mm and 2.4 mm and two pipe materials,stainles

The present investigation considers the effect of curing temperatures (30, 40, and 50˚C) and curing compound method on compressive strength development of high performance concrete, and compares the results with concrete cured at standard conditions and curing temperature (21˚C). The experimental results showed that at early ages, the rate of strength development at high curing temperature is greater than at lower curing temperature, the maximum increasing percentage in compressive strength is 10.83% at 50C˚ compared with 21C˚ in 7days curing age. However, at later ages, the strength achieved at higher curing temperature has been less, and the maximum percentage of reduction has been 5.70% at curing temperature 50C˚ compared with 21

The problem of rapid population growth is one of the main problems effecting countries of the world the reason for this the growth in different environment areas of life commercial, industrial, social, food and educational. Therefore, this study was conducted on the amount of potable water consumed using two models of the two satellite and aerial images of the Kadhimiya District-block 427 and Al-Shu^,laa district-block 450 in Baghdad city for available years in the Secretariat of Baghdad (2005, 2011,2013,2015). Through the characteristics of geographic information systems, which revealed the spatial patterns of urban creep by determining the role and buildings to be created, which appear in the picture for the

The avoidance of failure in construction projects is not an easy task, which makes the failure of the construction project to achieve its objectives a major problem experienced by all countries in the world, especially Iraq. Where nearly two-thirds of the construction projects in the world have been suffered by significant problems as an increase in the cost of the project, delay in the specified duration for execution, and stopping the project. Therefore it is required to study and apply new methods for managing the construction project to ensure its success and achieve its objectives. The aim of this study is to study the Agile project management method and its impact on the construction project. In addition, to identi

The clayey soils have the capability to swell and shrink with the variation in moisture content. Soil stabilization is a well-known technique, which is implemented to improve the geotechnical properties of soils. The massive quantities of waste materials are resulting from modern industry methods create disposal hazards in addition to environmental problems. The steel industry has a waste that can be used with low strength and weak engineering properties soils. This study is carried out to evaluate the effect of steel slag (SS) as a by-product of the geotechnical properties of clayey soil. A series of laboratory tests were conducted on natural and stabilized soils. SS was added by 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 20% to the soil.

research summary

Praise be to Allah، and prayers and peace be upon His Messenger and His chosen one، his family، companions and his family and his family.

After that، this is a study on the question of the claim، as one of the controversial questions that are the mainstay of debates، and I looked at it: the limit of the question of the claim، its importance، its impact، its aspects of corruption، its sections، and the representation of its sections of the fundamentalist controversy;

The research was according to the following plan:

Introduction، in which she mentioned: the importance of the research topic and the reason for its selection، its questions، its l

إن تحقيق الاستمرار والاستقرار في العمل لبعض فئات العمال خاصة الضعيفة منها من أهم المشكلات التي تواجهها التشريعات الاجتماعية الحديثة خاصة في ظل تعدد اساليب وطرق أصحاب العمل في التحايل على القانون لتخلص منهم مستندين في ذلك لإسباب لايمكن للمشرع والقضاء والنقابات أن تمنعها وهي الأسباب الاقتصادية، وسوف نتناول في هذا البحث مسألة تسريح العمال ذوي الإعاقة  بوصفهم من الفئات الضعيفة من العمال ولأنهم أكثر عرضة ل

  تقوم فكرة التطابق بالنسبة للقواعد الدستورية في مدى التزام واحترام القوانين الادنى درجة للدستور ذي المقام السامي ، ذلك لان الاخير يتضمن مبادئ وقواعد دستورية استقرت في الضمير القانوني للامة وكسبت رضا الشعب فكان نتيجة ذلك ان تُرجمت على شكل قواعد دستورية في هذه الوثيقة السامية.

  وبناء على ما تقدم فأن القوانين العادية تستمد قوتها وشرعيتها المفترضة من مدى التزامها بأحكام الدستور وان اي