Existence of these soils, sometimes with high gypsum content, caused difficult problems to the buildings and strategic projects due to dissolution and leaching of gypsum by the action of waterflow through soil mass. In this research, a new technique is adopted to investigate the performance of replacement and geosynthetic reinforcement materials to improve the gypseous soil behavior through experimential set up manufactured loaclally specially for this work. A series of tests were carried out using steel container (600*600*500) mm. A square footing (100*100) mm was placed at the center of the top surface of the bed soil. The results showed that the most effective thickness for the dune sand layer with geotextile at the interface, within

The research aimed to explore the recall habits and developing the right recall habits at middle school students. A sample of (40) students were chosen intentionally from middle school students in two schools (almntzr- zany aleabdyn) with an average of (20) students from each school. They were evenly distributed in two experimental and control groups. To achieve the aims of the research, a scale was designed to measure the recall habits, and a preparation of an educational program to develop recall habits.

To process data statistically, the researcher used several statistical methods such as Pearson correlation coefficient, chi-square, T-test for one sample, T-test for two independent samples, Wilcoxon test, Mann-Whitney test, ET

Furfural is a toxic aromatic aldehyde that can cause a severe environmental problem especially the wastewater drown from petroleum refinery units. In the present work, a useless by-product from local furniture manufacturing industry; sawdust was used as raw material for the preparation of activated carbon which is chemically activated with phosphoric acid. The effect of adsorption variables which include initial pH of solution (2-9), agitation speed (50-250) rpm, agitation time (15-120) min, initial concentration of furfural (50-250) ppm, and amount of adsorbent material (0.5-2.5) g for the three adsorbents used (prepared activated carbon, commercial activated carbon and raw sawdust) were investigated in a batch process

Double-tube heat exchangers are frequently utilized due to their low assemble and maintenance cost. In order to extract a large amount of thermal energy at minimum time and cost, an active method of air bubble injection was developed to increase the heat transfer rate through vertical double-tube heat. The current study explores the influence of air bubble injection on the thermal efficiency of vertical double tubes at counter flow. There were two main modes were adopted to conduct the experiments. The first mode was done without air injection (single phase). In the second mode, the air was injected into the heat exchanger's outer tube through a ring tube into the annular side of the heat exchanger. Cold water flow rate was ranged as (3,

The main aim of this paper is studied the punching shear and behavior of reinforced concrete slabs exposed to fires, the possibility of punching shear failure occurred as a result of the fires and their inability to withstand the loads. Simulation by finite element analysis is made to predict the type of failure, distribution temperature through the thickness of the slabs, deformation and punching strength. Nonlinear finite element transient thermal-structural analysis at fire conditions are analyzed by ANSYS package. The validity of the modeling is performed for the mechanical and thermal properties of materials from earlier works from literature to decrea

Banned temporarily divers has increased greatly in the society and for silly reasons.
This issue aroused a great controversy .There are so many motivations to Aleve deep in it.
There are so many approach hes to talk it . It deserves to be studied in a simple way but
thoroughly and comprehensively .Dune to this great importees and to its spread among
married couples for their agnorance concerning its voles' and dangers .
I have been stimulated and encouraged to go through and close read its details
aleomplish this research.
It is a olevided in to an introduction and three chapters :
1-chapter one : defines the terminology of banned temporarily clearer's and it legal situation .
2-chapter two : Terms of banned te

This research represents a practical attempt applied to calibrate and verify a hydraulic model for the Blue Nile River. The calibration procedures are performed using the observed data for a previous period and comparing them with the calibration results while verification requirements are achieved with the application of the observed data for another future period and comparing them with the verification results. The study objective covered a relationship of the river terrain with the distance between the assumed points of the dam failures along the river length. The computed model values and the observed data should conform to the theoretical analysis and the overall verification performance of the model by comparing it with anothe

Background : Breast cancer is the most common cancer of
women. When breast cancer is detected and treated early,
the chances for survival are better. Surgery is the most
important treatment for non-metastatic breast cancer.
Al-Kindy Col Med J 2008 Vol.5(1) 40 Original Article
Objectives : The aim of this study is to review different
clinical presentation and to evaluate types of surgical
procedures and complications in treatment of nonmetastatic breast cancer.
Method : During the period from Jun 1998 to May 2005,
93 patients with non-metastatic breast cancer were
diagnosed and treated surgically in 2 hospitals in Baghdad (
Hammad Shihab military hospital and Al-Kindy teaching
hospital).
Results : Wo

     This study is designed to investigate the effect of temperature on thyroid gland of 24 adult healthy female carp fish (12/ season). Neutral buffered formalin solution10% was used for fixation and routine histological techniques. Hemotoxline and Eosine and PAS stains were, also used. The results revealed that the thyroid tissue in carp fish was closely associated with the renal and sub pharyngeal tissue. Spleen and liver did not show any thyroid follicles. The thyroid tissue of carp fish consisted of disseminate thyroid follicles not surrounded by apparent capsule. Different sizes and shapes of thyroid follicles were observed. The follicular cells form tight epithelium. Para follicular cells were distributed among

    Keeping the secret itself of topics for values ​​are positive attribute of personality traits balanced. Objective of this research study of  Keeping the secret when spouses, the study of the theory based on the research and literature that dealt with the subject study is important to mention that there was no study of one Iraqi addressed the study of  Keeping the secret when spouses.

The researcher found the importance of the study of it's Keeping the secret when spouses. the factors that affect family relationships in terms of the stability of the marital relationship and this is reflected positively on the lives of family and community.

إن وجود عنصر أجنبي في العقد يستدرج تنازع عدة قوانين على العقد الدولي في (وجوده)، ولكن وعلى خلاف الحل المعتاد عند تنازع القوانين، لايكون الحكم في ذلك هو إختصاص أحد القوانين، بل إختصاص اكثر من قانون في وجود العقد الدولي، ومن غير تداخل بينها في الإختصاص التشريعي.

The current study aims to identify:The meta-motivation and Uniqueness seeking of the study sample. The correlated  relationship among them. The present study sample consists of (400) students from the colleges of engineering, University of Baghdad, and the University of Technology in the academic year (2019-2020), and the researcher has adopted the Chen Scale (1995)to measure the meta-motivation after its translation into Arabic by(Al-Samawi,2011).The scale includes six dimensions. The researcher has also adopted the Snyder&Fromkin scale (1980) to measure the uniqueness  seeking after translating and adapting it into the Arabic environment. The scale consists of three dimensions. The results show that students of the Facult

This study is designed to determin the protective role of pomegranate seed oil against deleterious effect induced by sodium fluoride on serum proteins in rats. Forty (40) adult female rats were randomly divided into four equal group (10/group) and treated daily for 40 days as following: Group C administered distilled water (control), group T1 received sodium fluoride 120 ppm/liter in drinking water, group T2 received both sodium fluoride 120 ppm/liter in drinking water and Pometone 30 mg/kg B.w. orally and group T3 administered Pometone 30 mg/kg B.w. orally. Fasting blood samples were collected at 0, 20 and 40 days of the experimental periods and serum samples were aliquoted for estimation serum total protein, albumin and globulin concen

  في الفترة 1896و1933،مرت النقود في العراق بتحولات كبيرة خلال الحكم العثماني،كانت الليرة العثمانية العملة الرسمية،الى جانب استخدام بعض العملات الأجنبية.بعد الاحتلال البريطاني عام 1917،ثم ادخال الروبية الهندية كعملة متداولة في عام 1920،أنشى الانتداب البريطاني على العراق،مما زاد من الاعتماد على النظام النقدي البريطاني.وفي عام 1931،أنشى مجلس العملة العراقي تمهيداً الإصدار عملة وطنية واخيراً في عام 1932أصدرت أول ع

يهدف هذا المستلخص ابراز الجوانب المهمة والجوهرية في دراستنا لمدينة كرخ جدان , من خلال تناول الموقع الجغرافي و أصل التسمية فضلا عن ادوارها العسكرية واحوالها السياسية ومدى تأثير ذلك على المناطق المجاورة والاحوال العامة للعراق خلال العصر العباسي , وتشير الدراسة الى ان دور هذه المدينة قد برز خلال حكم العباسيين في بغداد , وتزايد ذكرها في المصادر والمدونات التاريخية خلال العباسيين في بغداد , وفضلا عن ذلك نشير الى

      يعد التاريخ السري للمغول من أهم المصادر التاريخية التي تناولت نشأة الدولة المغولية وتطورها الداخلي ,وهو النص الوحيد الذي كتب بلغة مغولية أصلية في القرن الثالث عشر الميلادي ,تكمن اهميته في كونه يقدم رؤية من داخل البيت المغولي ذاته , لا من منظور خارجي كما هو الحال في المرويات الصينية او الفارسية او الاسلامية ,مما يجعل تحليله اداة ضرورية لفهم البنية السياسية والاجتماعية والفكرية لتلك المرحلة .<

          استهدفت الدراسة إلى إيضاح قضية لوكربي عام 1988 ، والمتمثلة بانفجار طائرة أمريكية فوق    قرية لوكربي في اسكتلندا ، و قتل ما يقارب (270 ) شخصاً على متنها ، وبينت صحيفتي الجمهورية والثورة العراقيتان من عام 1988 – 1992 موقفها الرسمي من تفجير طائرة بان الأمريكية رحلة (103) ،إذ اتسم بالخطاب السياسي بالحذر ، لكن مع تطور الأحداث بدأ التصعيد الإعلامي الدولي في دراسة قضية حادثة لوكربي ، فقد و

إن فكرة  انشاء السدود للسيطرة على مياه فيضان نهر النيل وامكانية الاستفادة  منها ظلت تراود العديد من الحكومات المصرية على مر العصور، اذ حاول محمد على باشا، إقامة بعض السدود والقناطر للتحكم في جزء من مياه الفيضان للاستفادة منها في مشروعات الري استمرت حتى مطلع القرن العشرين اذ تم إنشاء خزان أسوان عام 1902، لكن على  الرغم  من تلك الجهود ظلت نسبة كبيرة من مياه الفيضان تفقد في البحر الابيض المتوسط دون الاس

يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة وتحليل منشورات مجلة النفط والتنمية المتعلقة بتنظيم شؤون نقل النفط العراقي خلال المدة (1975–1990) ، بما يشمل إنشاء الأسطول الوطني ومشاريع الأنابيب الاستراتيجية ، ويبين أثر العوامل السياسية والاقتصادية في هذا القطاع ، كما يوضح أثر الحرب الخليج الأولى على البنية التحتية النفطية ، ومدى فاعلية الاستراتيجيات التي اعتمدها العراق لمواجهة التحديات وضمان استمرار صادراته النفطية.

This study was aimed to investigate Genetically Modified (GM) Soybean and corn, in some foodstuffs, using molecular screening method based on Polymerase chain Reaction (PCR). To achieve that, a total of 60 food product samples containing corn and soy bean were collected from markets of Suleimania /Iraq. PCR was first applied to detect the presence of soybeans and corn using species specific primers. For the general screening of the GM foods, primers targeting the genetic elements that located in the majority of transgenic crops were used, which named NOS terminator and CaMV 35S promoter.   Then primers targets specific events in these crops were used, which are GTS 40-3-2, or (RRS) and B t11 in soybeans and corn respectively. T

Pomegranate is a self-pollinated species crop, and its improvement programmes depend on molecular genetics and phenotypic variation. However, inadequate information on genetic diversity and population structure among pomegranate genotypes from this region and the variations in phytochemicals hinder its improvement. In this study, 40 pomegranate samples were chosen from 11 locations to represent the genetic spectrum from the Halabja Province. The pomegranate samples were tested using 23 Hypervariable SSRs (HvSSRT) and 19 newly developed Chloroplast SSRs (cpSSR) markers. The highest values of pH (4.40), TSS (16.774 °Brix), density (1066.5 kg/m³), glucose (72.408 mg/ml), fructose (60.071 mg/ml), cyanidin-3-glucoside (71.984 mg/L

     مثلت الرحلات الإسبانية إلى العالم الجديد في أواخر القرن الخامس عشر وبدايات القرن السادس عشر منعطفا حاسما في تاريخ أمريكا الوسطى، إذ كان لاكتشاف السواحل الهندوراسية دور بارز في ترسيخ النفوذ الإسباني داخل المنطقة، وجاءت هذه الرحلات في سياق التنافس الأوروبي المحموم لاكتشاف أراض جديدة واستغلال مواردها، إلى جانب سعي التاج الإسباني إلى توسيع نطاق إمبراطوريته خارج القارة الأوروبية، وأسهمت الحملا

The experiment was carried out in southwest Baghdad during fall season 2021 and spring season 2022 that aimed to study the effect of biological inoculation, phosphate fertilization and spraying with Brasinolide on the growth and production of industrial potato of the Arsenal cultivar , the experiment carried out as a three-factors experiment (4 × 3 × 3) in (RCBD), bio-fertilizers distributed into main plot and interaction between phosphorus levels and Brassinolide growth regulator within sub plot using three replicates Bio-fertilizers included Aspergillus niger fungus alone and Bacillus Megaterium bacteria alone and the combination between them. Phosphorus treatments included three levels (0.100, 200) kg p₂

This study was aimed to investigate variations in some soil properties characteristics of green spaces soils within Baghdad Island Park and Al-Zawraa parks in Baghdad province, Iraq, due to the variation in used management methods. Soil samples were obtained from 22 locations in each park at 0-30 cm depth using a GARMEN GPS device (Oregon650t). Satellite images (Landsat 8 satellite and an OLI sensor) were captured with a 30 x 30 m² spatial resolution. The research aims to study the effect of the management method of the two parks (BID and Al-Zawra) on some soil pedological characteristics. The results showed a variation in the spatial distribution of the soil texture classes at each park due to particle size distribution varia

الآثار يختص بدراسة آثار الحضارتين الإغريقية (اليونانية) والرومانية القديمة. ويهدف إلى رصد المسار التاريخي لنشأة هذا التخصص وتطورهُ في أوربا بشكلٍ خاص؛ بدايةً من تشكلهِ كحقلٍ معرفيٍ مستقل خلال عصر النهضة، ثم تطورهُ في مدة عصر التنوير والقرن التاسع عشر، وصولاً إلى التطورات الحديثة التي طرأت عليه في القرنين العشرين والحادي والعشرين. كما يركز البحث على الأهمية الأساسية لهذا التخصص في الكشف عن الموروث الثقافي

تناول هذا البحث موقف ليبيا من تطورات القضية الفلسطينية (2002- 2011) عبر خمس مراحل مترابطة: الموقف الليبي من انتفاضة الاقصى عام 2000 , الموقف الليبي من مشروع المبادرة العربية والاعتراف بالدولة الفلسطينية وعاصمتها القدس الشريف 2002, الموقف الليبي من الانتخابات التشريعية الفلسطينية ووفاة ياسر عرفات 2003-2004 , ليبيا وموقفها من الادارة الفسطينية بقيادة حماس 2005-2007, ليبيا وموقفها من الخلافات بين حماس وفتح في ادارة الدولة الفل

This research investigates the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial efficacy of Ipomoea pes-caprae extracts collected from Pantai Talang Siring Pamekasan, Madura. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins in the extracts, indicating their rich bioactive profile. Antioxidant activity assessed via the DPPH assay demonstrated concentration-dependent scavenging of free radicals, with methanol and ethanol extracts exhibiting superior activity compared to the aqueous extract. Antibacterial assays against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus revealed significant inhibitory effects, with methan

Since phosphorus (P) is lower in agricultural areas with acid sandy soil, it runs out in different parts of crop plants after harvesting. To boost growth and development in the next cropping system, only overuse of inorganic phosphate fertilizers can adversely affect agricultural sustainability. Phosphate-solubilizing fungi like Candida tropicalis play a role in plant P nutrition through soil P dynamics and growth hormones. Three PSF isolates (Sw01, Pu02, and Pu04) from bulk soil of fresh corn were tested for optimal media and incubation times. The results showed that Sw01 produced the highest population of 593.33×10⁸CFU L⁻¹ when cultured<