The study aimed to find the best amount of cellulose nanofibers to add to heat-cured denture base material to enhance its mechanical characteristics. Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were added to the  polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base in several weight percentages (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5, and 2%). A probe sonicator was used to mix the monomer with the cellulose nanofibers for around 5 minutes. Impact strength, transverse strength, and shore D surface hardness were the three groups that were classified afterward according to the trials conducted. Descriptive statistics, including means, standard deviations, and bar chart visualisations, were utilised to analyse the data. The findings indicate that the mean values of impa

The effect of the addition of sustainable materials and alkali-resistant glass fibers on perlite concrete is studied in this paper. The research includes slump, density, flexural strength, split tensile strength, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity tests. This specimen was cast using Portland cement, metakaolin (which replaced 15% of the cement weight as pozzolanic materials), a combination of coarse and fine perlite aggregate, superplasticizer, and local ash (which was employed as a filler and replaced by cement weight in a ratio of 10%). The ratio of cement to perlite (volumetric ratio) was 1:2. The concrete reinforced 1% alkali resistance glass fibers by volume of concrete. The results show that adding su

Image retrieval is an active research area in image processing, pattern recognition, and
computer vision. In this proposed method, there are two techniques to extract the feature
vector, the first one is applying the transformed algorithm on the whole image and the second
is to divide the image into four blocks and then applying the transform algorithm on each part
of the image. In each technique there are three transform algorithm that have been applied
(DCT, Walsh Transform, and Kekre’s Wavelet Transform) then finding the similarity and
indexing the images, useing the correlation between feature vector of the query image and
images in database. The retrieved method depends on higher indexing number. <

Six (1000*1000 mm²) slab specimens were cast and tested as two-way simply supported slabs previously (three under monotonic loading and three under repeated loading) are used in this research. The tested specimens consist of one solid slab and two voided slabs with the following variables (type of slab (solid and voided), presence of steel fibers (0% and 1%), and the presence of GFRP layers). This paper presents the results of tested slabs and the 3D-Nonlinear finite element (ABAQUS program) is proposed to verify the tested slabs under monotonic and repeated loading. The process of modeling the structure components of the tested slabs will be discussed in detail, including the creation of the parts, model mate

The research focuses on examining the level of harmony in the formal characteristics among the elements of the traditional Baghdad alley, from individual components to the entire area. Numerous studies have highlighted the unity and cohesion in the urban structures of traditional Arab urban environments, including Baghdad alleys, despite the diversity of the urban landscape. The study's theoretical aspect focuses on the visual features of the traditional urban environment, emphasizing the concept of diversity within unity. This is explored through specialized studies in the field. The applied part of the study involves using fractal geometry tools, specifically the box-counting method, to measure the degree of harmony an

Knowing the nature of the relationship in federal systems lies in studying the political, social, economic and cultural forces, for their role in laying the foundations and the federal system. No matter how important the pillars of that system are, and through this research, we will learn how the political elites were able to crystallize this unique system, until it became one of the political systems that some countries seek to copy and apply its experience.

Transition strengths ↓
2
. u . w
2) M(E for gamma transition from first excited 21
+
states to the
ground states that produced by pure electric quadrupole emission in even –even isotopes of
56Ba and 62Sm have been studied through half- lives time for 21
+
excited states with the
intensities of γ0- transitions measurements and calculated as a function of neutron number
(N). The results thus obtained have shown that; the nuclides with magic neutron number such
as 56Ba
138
and 62Sm
144
have minimum value for ↓
2
. u . w
2) M(E .

  An Eigen-state expansion method is applied to the transition of the Auger de-excitation charge transfer (AD) process in the interaction between clean Cu,Al and Na surfaces and excited incident gases H and He .We use this method to describe the effective surfaces electronic structure. It's shown that the AD efficiency is deeply influenced by the presence of the energy band for the surfaces and the potential energy stored within the excited incident atom, thus for long interaction time we use a slowly atom's about 1KeV to scatter from metals surfaces where the electron couldn't probe the metal band structure and Za the surface - projectile distance. Also we drive a new formula for AD interaction Matrix element

   The present study  is designed to reveal the  effect of  Voltarin drug   on some genetic indicators such as  mitotic index(MI) of bone marrow cells and chromosome  aberrations(CA) .The Voltarin is one of non Steroidal Anti-inflammation drug .Three concentrations of Voltarin  were used  1.6 , 2 , 2.5   mg/kg  Albino  mices  (Mus  musculus) were  injected  for 7 days then     mitotic index (MI) was counted and chromosomal aberrations of bone marrow cells  .  The  results  could be  summarized  as   follows :  1-The doses (1.6,2) mg/Kg  showed no  negative effects on&nbs

Abstract

 One of the major components in an automobile engine is the throttle valve part. It is used to keep up with emissions and fuel efficiency low. Design a control system to the throttle valve is newly common requirement trend in automotive technology. The non-smoothness nonlinearity in throttle valve model are due to the friction model and the nonlinear spring, the uncertainty in system parameters and non-satisfying the matching condition are the main obstacles when designing a throttle plate controller.

In this work, the theory of the Integral Sliding Mode Control (ISMC) is utilized to design a robust controller for the Electronic Throttle Valve (ETV) system. From the first in

A field study was conducted at the experimental farm, College of Agriculture, Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad, Iraq during the period from mid. of March 2012 to mid. of July 2014 to investigate the effects of plant growth regulators and foliar application stages on seed yield and it’s components of two alfalfa cultivars. Layout of the experiment was R.C.B.D. arranged in split-split plot with three replications. Cultivars (local and hamedan) were assigned as a main plot and foliar application stages (vegetative growth, flower buds emergence, 50% flowering and 80% flowering) were assigned as sub-plots, while growth regulators (Alar, Ethephon, Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and control treatment) were assigned in the sub-sub-plots. Result show

The current paper aims at building  Proposed Organizational Structure For Agricultural Initiative  Media in Iraq for observing the opinions of  the employees working in the Agricultural initiative  and those working in  the media and agricultural sector on three levels as to measure suitability of  Proposed informational  Organizational Structure . In order to carry out goals of the research, a questionnaire has been prepared andincluded fifth scale consisting of 115 items distributed on 6 space and 22 axils. The research has been carried out on cluster random sample with 50% of all offirst. Iraqi governorates of southern, middl

A theoretical calculation of the reorientation energy for non adiabatic electron transfer at
interface between metal and semiconductor system was carried out. The continuum outer
sphere theory of electron transfer reaction has been extensively used for electron transfer
between metal/semiconductor interface .It is found that in these calculations the reorientation
energy is proportional to the optical and statistical dielectric constant of semiconductor ,
properties of metal ,and the distance between metal and semiconductor .Results of
reorientation energy show that ZnO semiconductor with metal Au possess a good matching as
compared with ZnS and ZnSe . Theoretical calculation showed a good agreement with
ex

  In this paper we introduce the notion of semiprime fuzzy module as a generalization of semiprime module. We investigate several characterizations and properties of this concept.

   This study was done in Baghdad teaching Hospital by using developed instrument type GIOHO and included a number of patients with compressed breast thickness (7,8,9,10)cm .

          The relationship between radiation dose and breast thickness was linear.  All results were compared with the international standered values that measured by the International Nuctear Agency and Europeon sources ,it was found that it is in consistance or has a little difference .

         The study showed that the mean absorbed dose may be determined by using TLD measurement below 10 mGy and the glandular dose was (1.45 mGy) and this can not b

Background: Animal bites in humans are an important public health problem. Most of these bites are dog bites. Dog bites in humans are a complex problem embracing public health and animal welfare, both in developed and developing nations. .
Al-kindy Col Med J Vol.8 No.2 2012 P: 151
Objectives: in order to estimate the magnitude of the problem and to understand the epidemiological characteristics of dog bite victims registered in Baghdad city regarding their age, sex, number of registered dog bite victims per month and year along the studied period ( 2006-2010) and also to sniff out any seasonal variation in dog bite attacks .
Methods: A across-sectional study was carried out during January (2011), in the Anti-Rabies clinic of (Pa

تلبية للضرورة العلمية، قمنّا بدراسة الواقع الحالي للدراسات الكيفية في مجال تطبيقات الإعلام، بهدف تقديم رؤية شاملة حول النتاج الأكاديمي في هذا المجال، فضلًا عن تحليل نقاط القوة والضعف النظرية والمنهجية، لذلك تناولت هذه الأوراق البحثية الاتجاهات الحديثة في بحوث الإعلام، وركزت على استخدام المنهج السيميائي في المدارس العربية والغربية، ولتحقيق ذلك، قمنّا بتحليل 151 دراسة، توزعت بين الدراسات العربية والأجنبي

 يهدف هذا البحث الى بيان تجليات سيمياء الحزن في شعر المخضرمين بين الجاهلية والاسلام على وفق مقاربة سيميائية، فالسيميائية أصبحت منهجًا يهتم بالتجربة الانسانية من جانبها النفسي والعاطفي، من عواطف ومشاعر واحاسيس متصلة بالذات الشاعرة، بعد أنْ كان جل اهتمامه بالبعد التداولي للخطاب وسيمياء العمل، إذ عدها -المشاعر الانسانية- مصدرًا للعلامات ومنتجاً لها. إذ تتبعت في هذا البحث مصادر الحزن في شعر المخضرمين، مثل ال

   The Tigris River in Baghdad is increasingly polluted by industrial and agricultural activities and untreated sewage, posing serious risks to public health and the environment. This pollution degrades water quality through various physical, chemical, and biological contaminants. This research aims to use membrane filtration techniques to treat Tigris River water, improving water quality and ensuring a clean, safe water supply. The study assesses the efficiency of polypropylene (P.P) 1µm, ceramic 0.5µm microfiltration, and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) 500KD ultrafiltration membranes in removing turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), and E. coli, and their impact on permeate flux. Experiments were conducted at a temperature of 25

This work is aiming to study and compare the removal of lead (II) from simulated wastewater by activated carbon and bentonite as adsorbents with particle size of 0.32-0.5 mm. A mathematical model was applied to describe the mass transfer kinetic.

The batch experiments were carried out to determine the adsorption isotherm constants for each adsorbent, and five isotherm models were tested to choose the best fit model for the experimental data. The pore, surface diffusion coefficients and mass transfer coefficient were found by fitting the experimental data to a theoretical model. Partial differential equations were used to describe the adsorption in the bulk and solid phases. These equations were simplified and the

الخلاصة

تعد الانتخابات بمثابة الطريق المؤدي إلى الديمقراطية كونها النمط الأكثر شيوعاً لمشاركة المواطنين في الحياة السياسية للبلدان واختيار ممثليهم في المجالس التشريعية، حيث أن مطلب إجراء انتخابات حرة ونزيهة لم يعد مطلباً داخلياً فحسب بل مطلباً دولياً يصرّ المجتمع الدولي على الوفاء به وهذا يلقي على عاتق كل دولة أن تضع من الضمانات ما يكفل ممارسة هذه الانتخابات ب

Trip generation is the first phase in the travel forecasting process. It involves the estimation of the
total number of trips entering or leaving a parcel of land per time period (usually on a daily basis);
as a function of the socioeconomic, locational, and land-use characteristics of the parcel.
The objective of this study is to develop statistical models to predict trips production volumes for a
proper target year. Non-motorized trips are considered in the modeling process. Traditional method
to forecast the trip generation volume according to trip rate, based on family type is proposed in
this study. Families are classified by three characteristics of population social class, income, and
number of vehicle ownersh

Background: Bone mineral density (BMD) has been assessed using Dual-Energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). This procedure is considered to be of vital importance in assessing the general condition of individuals concerning their skeletal mineralization. BMD is measured according to the results of the DEXA examination of the vertebral column and pelvis. Although diabetes mellitus (D.M.)is known to affect BMD, the information regarding this relationship is not currently particularly clear. Objective: This study concentrates on the point that the assessment of BMD for the vertebral column is insuffi-cient to give a realistic and correct picture of the mineralization of the remaining part of the skeleton. Besides, this study elicited a gen

An experiment was conducted in pots with 4 Kg soil per pot in the green house of Biology department, College of Education (Ibn Al-Haithum), university of Baghdad, the growing season of (2008-2009), to study the effects of four levels of urea (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4) g/pot, that equivalent to (0, 100, 200 and 400) Kg/ha. Also three levels of superphosphate fertilizer (0.2, 0.1, and 0) g/pot, that equivalent to (200, 100, and 0) Kg/ha were added to the local yields components. The result showed that the high level of both fertilizer (400 Kg urea/ha and 200 Kg superphosphate/ha) caused a significant increase in number of pods/plant, dry weight of pods, the weight of 100 seeds and the weight of all seeds/plant, with a significant decrease in the c

       In this thesis, some sets of subspaces of projective plane PG(2,q) over Galois field GF(q) and the relations between them by some theorems and examples can be shown.
 

In this paper, we describe a new method for image denoising. We analyze properties of the Multiwavelet coefficients of natural images. Also it suggests a method for computing the Multiwavelet transform using the 1st order approximation. This paper describes a simple and effective model for noise removal through suggesting a new technique for retrieving the image by allowing us to estimate it from the noisy image. The proposed algorithm depends on mixing both soft-thresholds with Mean filter and applying concurrently on noisy image by dividing into blocks of equal size (for concurrent processed to increase the performance of the enhancement process and to decease the time that is needed for implementation by applying the proposed algorith

  Manufacturing systems of the future foresee the use of intelligent vehicles, optimizing and navigating. The navigational problem is an important and challenging problem in the field of robotics. The robots often find themselves in a situation where they must find a trajectory to another position in their environment, subject to constraints posed by obstacles and the capabilities of the robot itself. On-line navigation is a set of algorithms that plans and executes a trajectory at the same time.         The system adopted in this research searches for a robot collision-free trajectory in a dynamic environment in which obstacles can move while the robot was moving toward the target. So, the ro

This study develops a systematic density functional theory alongside on-site Coulomb interaction correction (DFT + U) and ab initio atomistic thermodynamics approachs for ternary (or mixed transitional metal oxides), expressed in three reservoirs. As a case study, among notable multiple metal oxides, synthesized CoCu2O3 exhibits favourable properties towards applications in solar, thermal and catalytic processes. This progressive contribution applies DFT + U and atomistic thermodynamic approaches to examine the structure and relative stability of CoCu2O3 surfaces. Twenty-five surfaces along the [001], [010], [100], [011], [101], [110] and [111] low-Miller-indices, with varying surface-termination configurations were selected in this study.

الاختلاف حول مفهوم (الجماعة) لدى بعض الحركات الاسلامية المعاصرة