Security reflects a permanent and complex movement that complies with international and societal needs and developments in all its dimensions, interactions and levels. To constitute a universal demand for all States, communities and individuals. The question of security is one of the most important motivations and motivations that govern the behavior, and even the objectives of those societies and States. These groups or individuals have always sought to avoid fear and harm, and to provide stability, safety and security. In the light of this, security studies have been among the important fields of study in the field of international and strategic relations. The field witnessed many theoretical efforts, from the traditional perspective,

جدلية العلاقة بين الديمقراطية - المواطنة والمجتمع المدني

تحديدات مفاهيمية في التحليل السياسي

Class consciousness represents its highest stage in the contemporary Marxist thought of Rosa Luxemburg and Antonio Gramsci, not just a reflection of reality, but rather a dialectical form through the reflection of consciousness on reality and its reproduction. The superiority over the infrastructure (historical materialism) promised the revolutionary class consciousness to be achieved spontaneously, and the seeds of a breakthrough are mass strikes, denying the role of the party to organize this awareness, limiting its role to the interconnection between classes, emphasizing the role of socialist democracy as a conscious vanguard for organizing spontaneity, struggle, and developing awareness during the revolutionary process and the leader

العراق وسياسة حسن الجوار تجاه تركيا

المقال منشور على موقع مجلة الفورين بوليسي الأميركية (Foreign Policy) على الانترنت في 27 أيلول/سبتمبر 2019. يُشير مصطلح العزل (Impeachment) في الثقافة السياسية الأميركية إلى مجموعة الإجراءات التي يتم بموجبها عزل الرئيس من منصبه، وهذه الإجراءات هي بمثابة عملية طويلة تجري داخل الكونجرس، وتتم وفقاً لخطوات يؤدي فيها كل من مجلسيّ النواب والشيوخ دوراَ. ولا يعني القيام بهذه الإجراءات أن يتم عزل الرئيس، فقد تتم إ

حقوق الانسان (تطورها - مضامينها - حمايتها)

تبحث هذه الدراسة أثر التحالفات الأمنية في إعادة تشكيل ديناميات الصراع في الخليج العربي بعد عام 2003، مستندةً إلى الأهمية الجيوإستراتيجية للمنطقة بوصفها ممرًّا حيويًا للطاقة ومفترق طرق بين ثلاث قارات، ما جعلها ساحةً لتقاطع استراتيجيات الأمن القومي الخليجي مع مصالح القوى الإقليمية والدولية. عقب الغزو الأميركي للعراق، اتجهت دول الخليج إلى تعزيز شراكاتها الأمنية مع الولايات المتحدة عبر توسيع القواعد العسكري

تُقدم هذه الدراسة تحليلًا معمقًا للديناميكيات السياسية والاقتصادية لهشاشة الدولة في اليمن بعد عام 2011، مُجادلًة بأن الأزمة الحالية ليست مجرد صراع مسلح، بل هي نتاج تراكم طويل لبُنى سياسية واقتصادية واجتماعية هشة. أدت هذه البُنى إلى تعميق التهميش، وسوء توزيع الموارد، وتركيز الثروة والسلطة في أيدي شبكات ضيقة، مما أسفر عن كارثة إنسانية واسعة النطاق يعاني منها الغالبية العظمى من السكان.

ترمي الدراسة إلى تح

ينصرف مفهوم القدرات التوزيعية إلى قدرة الدولة على تحقيق العدالة في توزيع المنافع والخدمات والثروات والوظائف بين أفراد المجتمع على نحو متكافئ ومن دون تمييز. وتمثل هذه القدرات في الوقت ذاته وسيلة وغاية للأنظمة السياسية المعاصرة الساعية إلى ترسيخ مبدأ التوزيع العادل للموارد واستثمارها بصورة رشيدة لتحقيق التنمية الشاملة والمستدامة.

يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحليل التحديات والأسباب التي تعيق بناء قدرات توزيعية

Singapore has invested its human resources for the development of the country since earlier times, so it has directed attention to the education sector. Education and development complement each other, as investment in education has contributed over several years to the development of Singapore economy and has made it one of the strongest economies in Asia and the world. Despite the obstacles that faced educational policies in Singapore, the presence of a wise leadership capable of overcoming difficulties and solving them, and providing the appropriate atmosphere for the development of education has contributed significantly to making it one of the most advanced educational systems in the world, and making this system the main pillar for

سياسة التعليم لتعزيز الهوية الوطنية في العراق

Each of the countries that make up the international community and active in international and regional relations has specific elements and tools. Their roles differ according to those components and tools. There are countries that play an effective and effective international role, while others play an effective and effective regional role. The international or regional role in order to be effective and influential must be based on a set of conditions that will give it a degree of credibility and achieve the objectives of the role. The state affects the decisions of other countries because of its ability, and the ability of the state to influence is not limited to military power only, but political, economic, demographic, technical, geo

لقد اتسمت دولة ليختنشتاين بأهمية خاصة على الرغم من صغر مساحتها وقلت عدد سكانها ومحدودية مواردها، نتيجة تجربتها في حكم البلاد، أثار ذلك انتباه الكثيرين حول اعطاء تصنيف دقيق حول ديمقراطية نظامها السياسي. فهو نظام هجين يقوم على توزيع السلطة بين ركنين رئيسين في البلاد تتمثلان بالإرادة الشعبية من خلال ممارسة ادوات الديمقراطية المباشرة التي تسمح للشعب بالمشاركة في عملية صنع القرار، والحكم الفردي المتمثل بالأم

This study aimed to provide a theoretical framework for the impact of the Turkish intervention in northern Syria and the extent of its impact on the relations between the two countries.

It also sought to answer the study's main question: What is the impact of the Turkish intervention in northern Syria on Turkish-Syrian relations during the period 2011-2019 ?.   

In this study, the historical method, the descriptive method, and the systems analysis method were used, with the aim of arriving at an accurate and realistic understanding of the Turkish-Syrian relations.

The study reached a set of results, the most important of which was that the Syrian-Turkish relations are based on interests, and that all alliances and

Abstract (Iraq post – war reconstruction strategy: analytical study in fact and future prospects.) There search aims at identifying the causes of internal instability in Iraq from the political ,economic , social and security aspects , to diagnose the imbalance and to work towards finding real solutions to this . The study also aims at identifying the reconstruction proposals to completely eliminate the organizationof the terrorist advocate, as well as to know. theproblem of research lies in the ability of Iraqi political elites to achieve internal stability and to employ reconstruction proposals at all levels . The hypothesis of the research lies in the equation that the process of building stability (political – economic)and (socia

Abstract The League of Arab States took many procedures against the Syrian political system, like suspended Syria's membership in the League of Arab States and sent a team of Arab observers headed by Dabi to discuss the situation there and issued some decisions and statements that called the Syrian regime to stop the use of violence and repression against the Syrian opposition.Through these steps, the Arab League has tried to help the Syrian parties to resolve the crisis. However, the role of the league in the Syrian crisis was characterized by weakness in general, and lack of seriousness, which contributed in the aggravation of the situation in Syria, and the intervention of major powers in the internal affairs of Syria.

العناصر المساهمة في صناعة الهوية الجماعية

The research has been talked on specific an important notions concerning with the dimensions of effectiveness of good governance and sustainable development inside all Arab states, So that the scientific article reflected the role of investments in various sections of institutional business by draw attention toward different projects about analyzing the whole political reality according to the standard indications of political and social stability on the regional level and international aspects. Therefore, the study resembled scientific contains and the dimensions of political reform and administrative overhauling within governmental system in order to achieve all raw objectives for sustainable development. All international and

Ismailism is of great importance in Islamic history and Islamic political thought. In different countries of the Muslim world today their presence exists and is active but is confused with mystery and secrecy. The most important characteristic of their political ideology is their dependence on the esoteric exegesis, which they have made an intellectual basis for which their most ideas relate, when they make for everything visible and exposed a hidden matter, not only aware of the esoteric exegesis, which only God knows and entrenched in science, and they mean imams or whoever They are called "(esoteric)" as a result of the Ismaili belief in esoteric interpretation and that everything is apparent inward, as well as they called the ((seven

يعد الذكاء الاصطناعي من العلوم الحديثة التي ارتبطت بالإنسان منذ العقود الخمسة الماضية، وأصبحت السياسة الرقمية جزءاً لا يتجزأ من المجتمع لكونها تُستعمل في أغلب مجالات حياة الإنسان. وهذا ما شجع صانعي السياسات التكنولوجية الجديدة في التفكير بكيفية توظيفه لخدمة مصالحهم العليا السياسية والاقتصادية، بغض النظر عن بذل الجهود للتفكير في تنظيمهم للذكاء الاصطناعي التوليدي، ووضع قيود تراعي التشريعات الدينية، وقوا

سوسيولوجية "ثوارت" "الربيع العربي (دراسة تحليلية لفعل الثورات العربية)

ترمي الدراسة إلى تحليل استمرارية وتغير إستراتيجية الأمن السيبراني الأمريكي خلال المدة من عام 2009 حتى 2024، مع التركيز على تقييم أسباب عدم فعالية الإستراتيجيات السيبرانية بالرغم من ريادة الولايات المتحدة في المجال التكنولوجي. كما سعت الدراسة إلى فهم تأثير التحديات السيبرانية على الأمن القومي الأمريكي وتقييم مدى نجاح الإستراتيجيات المتبعة في تحقيق أهدافها الوطنية، تتمثل المشكلة البحثية في أنه على الرغم من ا

Summary

The fundamental turning point in American policy towards the Iran was the success of the Islamic revolution in Iran 1979 . Since than U S policy has been hostile to Iran . After the events 11 September 2001 , there was an American idea of dialogue with some countries opposed to US policy , including Iran . In 2004 the United States launched the Greater Middle East project , which contain a range of political , economic and cultural proposals for the region , all of which were in the interest of the United States and ( Israel ) , which Iran opposed . The failure of U S projects in region prompted the United States to agree with Iran on the nuclear file . On 8 May 2018 U S President Donald Trump of

السياسة العامة واداء النظام السياسي

The issue of nuclear proliferation is one of the most vital issues as it reflects a form of dealing in the field of international relations. Therefore, the Middle East region has taken great interest in reducing the levels of nuclear armament and acquiring nuclear power within the strategic framework of the international and regional powers. The establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the Middle East region is currently one of the most important international and regional arrangements for controlling the levels of nuclear proliferation and attempting to build a state of stability and balance. In the Middle East and the world. The importance of the research comes from the fact that it deals with an important and vital issue

The Iranian nuclear program was one of the most prominent issues in the international arena, in light of Iran's insistence on using it in various ways, and according to international changes, it came under pressure from the American side to impose packages of sanctions, which continued to our time, as it went to Russia and China to gain support in developing its nuclear activities. And, by virtue of the common interests that are linked between them, Iran has received great support from the last two countries in all fields to reach the final agreement in 2015, regarding asserting the peace of these activities, in addition to lifting all restrictions represented in the previous sanctions according to the Security Council resolutions, Aldo

التوجهات الفكرية الجديدة لانظمة دول العالم الثالث في ظل النظام العالمي الجديد : العراق نموذجاً

Malaysia is linked to the countries of the Middle East by a historical relationship identified by a number of factors and determinants that affected the developments of that relationship, especially its relentless endeavor to preserve its Islamic identity with the leadership of the rest of the other ethnicities, in addition to those factors and international determinants that directly affected the typicality of this relationship and perhaps the United States stands At the forefront of who represents this international variable, as it is considered the Middle East region as a core region and within its vital field, and therefore any analog relationship in the field of international relations and one of its parties is the countries of the