Magneto-rheological (MR) Valve is one of the devices generally used to control the speed of Hydraulic actuator using MR fluid. The performance of valve depends on the magnetic circuit design. Present study deals with a new design of MR valve. The finite element analysis is carried out on this valve to optimize its design. The design of the magnetic circuit is accomplished by magnetic finite element software such as Finite Element Method Magnetic (FEMM). The Model dimensions of MR valve, material properties and the circuit properties of valve coil are taken into account. The results of analysis are presented in terms of magnetic strength and magnetic flux density. The valve can be operated with variable flow rate by varying the current. It i

The aim of this research is to construct a three-dimensional maritime transport model to transport nonhomogeneous goods (k) and different transport modes (v) from their sources (i) to their destinations (j), while limiting the optimum quantities v ijk x to be transported at the lowest possible cost v ijk c and time v ijk t using the heuristic algorithm, Transport problems have been widely studied in computer science and process research and are one of the main problems of transport problems that are usually used to reduce the cost or times of transport of goods with a number of sources and a number of destinations and by means of transport to meet the conditions of supply and demand. Transport models are a key tool in logistics an

       تكون البحث الموسوم ( تمثلات الحداثة اللامتناهية الشبكية في الفن  العراقي المعاصر ودوره في نتاجات طلبة التربية الفنية )  من أربعة فصول حدد الفصل الأول للإطار المنهجي للبحث ، والتي بدأت بالمشكلة وانتهت بالتساؤل الآتي ما تمثلات الحداثة اللامتناهية الشبكية في الفن العراقي المعاصر وما دورها في نتاجات طلبة التربية الفنية ؟  كما تضمن الفصل الاول ايضا هدف البحث وأهميته والحاجة إليه ، أما الفصل الثاني فقد ا

The research is divided into three chapters, the first of them to the research problem and its importance and its purpose and its limits, while the second chapter review of contemporary sculpture as a vision and concept, The third chapter came to view the most important results reached by the search.

Background: The present study aimed to assess the distribution, prevalence, severity of malocclusion in Baghdad governorate in relation to gender and residency Materials and Methods: A multi-stage stratified sampling technique was used in this investigation to make the sample a representative of target population. The sample consisted of 2700 (1349 males and 1351 females) intermediate school students aged 13 years representing 3% of the total target population. A questionnaire was used to determine the perception of occlusion and orthodontic treatment demand of the students and the assessment procedures for occlusal features by direct intraoral measurement using veriner and an instrument to measure the rotated and displaced teeth. Results a

Hydrocarbon production might cause changes in dynamic reservoir properties. Thus the consideration of the mechanical stability of a formation under different conditions of drilling or production is a very important issue, and basic mechanical properties of the formation should be determined. There is considerable evidence, gathered from laboratory measurements in the field of Rock Mechanics, showing a good correlation between intrinsic rock strength and the dynamic elastic constant determined from sonic-velocity and density measurements. The values of the mechanical properties determined from log data, such as the dynamic elastic constants derived from the measurement of the elastic wave velocities in the material, should be more accurate t

The group for the multiplication of closets is the set G|N of all closets of N in G, if G is a group and N is a normal subgroup of G. The term “G by N factor group” describes this set. In the quotient group G|N, N is the identity element. In this paper, we procure K(SL(2,125)) and K(SL(2,3125)) from the character table of rational representations for each group.

على الرغم من اختلاف الفساد من مكان إلى آخر بصوره وأشكاله وحجم انتشاره وأثره على مختلف نواحي الحياة، يعتبر من أهم أسباب الضعف الداخلي والخارجي للدول. فالفساد في جوهره حالة تفكك تعتري المجتمع نتيجة فقدانه لسيادة القيم الجوهرية، ولعدم احترام القانون، وعدم تكريس مفهوم المواطنة، وغياب ثقافة حقوق الإنسان واحترامها بشكل طبيعي وتلقائي.

ومن هنا تبرز الحاجة إلى جعل مشكلة الفساد وتفشيه في المجتمع أولوية رئيسة م

Al-Si alloys which are widely used in engineering applications due to their outstanding properties can be modified for more enhancements in their properties. Current work investigated the ability of these alloys to be modified by casting them through the addition of nanoparticles. So, Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNT) and titanium carbide ceramic particles (TIC) with size of (20 nm) were added with different amounts started from (0.5 up to 3%) weight  to cast alloy A356 that was considered to be the base metal matrix, then stirred with different speeds of (270, 800, 1500, 2150) rpm at 520 °C for one minute. The results showed change in microstructure’ shape of the casted alloys from the dendritic to spherical gra

The different parameters  on  mechanical  and  microstructural  properties  of  aluminium  alloy  6061-T6 Friction  stir-welded  (FSW) joints  were investigated in the  present study. Different welded  specimens were produced by employing variable rotating  speeds and welding speeds. Tensile strength of the produced joints  was tested at room  temperature and the the effecincy was assessed, it was 75% of the base metal at rotational speed 1500 rpm and weld speed 50 mm/min. Hardness of various zones of FSW welds are presented and  analyzed by  means of  brinell hardness number . Besides to thess tests the bending properties  investigat

تاريخ الالقاب عند العرب والمسلمين واسع الميدان بعيد المدى وأغرب مافي تطور هذا اللقب أنه استعمل للمدح والتعظيم بعدما كان للذم والاحتقار، وكان العرب اذا ارادت تعظيم المخاطب به خاطبته بالكنية، ثم ترقوا عن الكنى الى الالقاب الحسنة.

لقد اهتم العرب بالالقاب وأخذت تشغل حيزاً كبيراً واولعوا بها وتفننوا وتفاخروا ببعضها الآخر في مجالسهم الادبية وحلقاتهم العلمية وكانوا يقولون (الالقاب تنزل من السماء).

وللال

This study was conducted at the College of Agriculture/ Diyala University/ Department of Animal production to determine the effect of replacing soybean meal with black soldier fly Hermetia illucens larvae meal on the growth performance and some biochemical blood parameters of common carp Cyprinus carpio L. One hundred and five fish with an average initial weight of 27.46±0.14 g was used in this experiment. They were randomly distributed into five treatments (3 replicate/treatment, 7 fish/ replicate). The first treatments (T1 control group) was fed with standard diet without black soldier fly larvae meal (0% BSFLM), black soldier fly larvae meal were substituted for soybean meal in other experimental groups at 25%, 50%,

The phenomenon of odious debt has long posed a dilemma for international law and global financial governance. Although many developing and post-conflict countries have endured the burden of illegitimate loans contracted by authoritarian regimes, the concept of “odious debt” has not been formally recognized under international law. This raises a fundamental legal and ethical question: should successor governments and their citizens be bound by debts incurred without popular consent, often used to finance repression, corruption, or wars against their own populations? Against this background, the present study explores the legitimacy of odious loans and their broader implications for financial sovereignty, human rights, and sustainable

يتناول هذا البحث حجية التحقيق الإداري أمام القضاء العادي، بوصفه حلقة وصلٍ بين منظومة الانضباط المؤسسي ومنظومة الإثبات القضائي. اعتمدت الدراسة منهجًا تحليليًا–مقارنًا: مسار وصفي لتحليل الإطار التشريعي والضمانات الإجرائية، ومسار تطبيقي يقارن مواقف القضاء المدني والجزائي من محاضر اللجان التحقيقية. خلصت النتائج إلى أن التحقيق الإداري يُعد قرينة مساعدة لا ترقى بذاتها إلى دليلٍ قاطع ما لم تُستكمَل ضمانات ال

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل المسؤولية الجنائية عن الجرائم الناجمة عن أخطاء المركبات ذاتية التشغيل في المملكة العربية السعودية، من خلال دراسة مقارنة تقيم مدى كفاية التشريعات القائمة لمواكبة التطورات التكنولوجية. اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي عبر تحليل القوانين المحلية والدولية ذات الصلة، إضافة إلى مناقشة الاتجاهات الفقهية بشأن إمكانية مساءلة الذكاء الاصطناعي جنائيًا أو تحميل المسؤولية للمصنعين

The pretreatment process can be considered one of the important processes in wastewater treatment, especially coagulation process to decrease the strength of many pollutants. This paper focused on using powdered date seeds as natural coagulant in addition to chemical coagulants (alum and ferric chloride) to find the optimum dosage of each coagulant that makes efficient removal of turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from domestic wastewater as a pretreatment process, then finding the optimum combined dosages of date seeds with alum, date seeds with ferric chloride that make efficient removal for both pollutants. Concerning turbidity, the optimum dosage for date seeds, alum and ferric chloride were 40 mg/l (79%), 70

A study has been done to analyze the total production system by developing a computer model. Every
component of the production system has been programmed individually and then linked in the composite
production system computer program. These components are; reservoir component, vertical component,
surface choke component and finally horizontal component.
Each of the previous components are developed using various equations or models to determine the
pressure loss thorough that component. In the current study the Wiggins method has been used to
calculate the IPR curves. The vertical and horizontal components are developed using the unified
mechanistic model of Gomez. Lage mechanistic model has been used to calculate t

A composite section is made up of a concrete slab attached to a steel beam by means of shear connectors. Under positive and negative bending moment, part of the slab will act as a flange of the beam, resisting the longitudinal compression or tension force. When the spacing between girders becomes large, it is evident that the simple beam theory does not strictly apply because the longitudinal stress in the flange will vary with distance from the girder web, the flange being more highly stressed over the web than in the extremities. This phenomenon is termed "shear lag". In this paper, a nonlinear three-dimensional finite element analysis is employed to evaluate and determine the actual effective slab width of the composite steel-concrete

تعدُّ التنّمية المُستدامة من المفاهيم الحديثة التي تسعى إلى تحقيق توازن بين مُتطلبات النمو الإقتصادي والعدالة الإجتماعية وحماية البيئة، بحيث تلبّى حاجات الجيل الحاضر دون الإضرار بحقوق الأجيال القادمة, ورغم أن القانون المدني العراقي رقم (40) لسنة 1951, وضع قبل ظهور هذا المفهوم عالميًا ، إلا أن نصوصه ومبادئه العامة تتضمن مظاهر تُسهم بصورة غير مُباشرة في تحقيق أهداف التنمية المستدامة, وعليه يتناول هذا البحث مظا

• جميع النصوص التي تم دراستها هي نصوص ذات مضامين اقتصادية من مجموعة النصوص التي تمت مصادرتها من المتحف العراقي.
• تنوع مضامين النصوص مابين حبوب الشعير وزيت الخنزير كمتطلبات لرأس السنة الجديدة، ومابين الجداء التي تتغذى على المراعي والحمام البري كضرائب ملكية الى مدينة نفر، فضلاً عن ذلك نص يتضمن سارية بيضاء اللون.
• تميزت نصوص الدراسة بأنها شملت بين ثناياها أسماء موظفين وإداريين بمناصب مختلفة وهم: ال

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يهدف هذا البحث إلى استكشاف وتحليل وسائل التأثير التي يمكن أن يتعرض لها الشاهد في سلطنة عمان، وتأثيرها المحتمل على صحة ومصداقية الشهادة أمام المحاكم. تبدأ الدراسة بتوضيح المكانة القانونية للشهادة كوسيلة إثبات مهمة في قانون الإثبات العماني (المرسوم السلطاني رقم ٦٨ / ٢٠٠٨)، مع الإشارة إلى الشروط والإجراءات المنظمة لأداء الشهادة، مثل إلزامية تحليف الشاهد وأدائه للشهادة على انفراد.كما يتناول البحث أنواع التأث

Purpose - A cornerstone of the global anti-money laundering framework is the requirement that financial institutions are obligated to file suspicious transactions reports (STRs) to financial intelligence units. This obligation has been established by the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Recommendations, the European Community Directive, and also the Iraqi Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing (AML/CTF) Act No.39 of 2015. The objective of this Article is to evaluate the effectiveness of the anti-money laundering reporting regime in Iraq in respect of suspicious transaction reports.

Design/methodology/approach - A descriptive approach is used to e

This research is concerned with studying and investigating the assignment of the contract, regulated by the new French law of the contract, issued according to the ordinance n° 2016-131 dated February 10, 2016, concerning reforms of the law of contract, general regime and proof of obligations. This assignment is as an agreement by which a party to a contract, the assignor, may assign his or her status, quality or contractual position as party to the contract to a third party of the original contract, the assignee, with the agreement of his own contractual partner, the debtor of the assignment (the assigned). And the study compared it with the assignment of the right, regulated by the Iraqi civil code No. (40) of 1951. The problematizati

تسهم المحيطات بدور أساسي في تنظيم مناخ الأرض من خلال امتصاص الحرارة وما يقارب ثلث اجمالي الكاربون من الغلاف الجوي، ونتيجة للنشاط البشري ارتفعت نسبة الغازات الدفيئة في هذا الغلاف ومن ثم ازدادت نسبة ما تمتصه المحيطات منها، ذلك إن تحمض المحيطات وتغير المناخ ظاهرتان مترابطتان بشكل وثيق، لكون أكسيد الكربون هو اكبر الغازات الدفيئة من حيث الحجم، وهو ايضاً المسبب الرئيس لتحمض المحيطات،  ويعني هذا أن التخفيف من

تهدف الدراسة للتَّعَرُّف على مفهوم تمكين المرأة العاملة باعتبارها ركيزةً أساسيةً في تنمية وتطور المجتمع، وبيان التحديات التي تواجهها في تمكينها لإشغال الوظائف العامة، ومِن ثَمَّ التَّعَرُّف على المبادئ القانونية التي قررها النظام السعودي لتحقيق مبدأ المساواة بين الجنسين، وفي الأخير بيان الحقوق القانونية التي خَوَّلها النظام السعودي للمرأة العاملة، وبِناءً عليه اعتمدت الباحثة على المنهج الوصفي والتحل

In this investigation, Rayleigh–Ritz method is used to calculate the natural frequencies of rectangular isotropic and laminated symmetric and anti-symmetric cross and angle ply composite plate with general elastic supports along its edges. Each of the admissible functions here is composed of a trigonometric function and an arbitrary continuous function that is introduced to ensure the sufficient smoothness of the so-called residual displacement function at the edges. Perhaps more importantly, this study has developed a general approach for deriving a complete set of admissible functions that can be applied to various boundary conditions. Several numerical examples are studied to demonstrate the accuracy and convergence of the current s